Kodi ziwala ndi chiyani? Munkhaniyi muphunzira kuti: ndi mitundu yanji ya ziwala zomwe zilipo ndipo mutha kuziwona pa chithunzichi.
Malinga ndi gulu la asayansi, ziwala zimadziwika kuti ndi gulu la tizilombo tokhala ndi orthoptera. Mwathunthu, padziko lathuli, ofufuza awerengetsa mitundu yoposa 6,800 ya zolengedwa'zo. Achibale apafupi kwambiri a ziwala ndi mitengo, komanso dzombe. Grasshopper amakula kukula, nthawi zambiri ang'ono. Kutalika kwa thupi la tizilombo ndi 2 mpaka 4 sentimita. Komabe, mitundu ina yomwe imakhala m'malo otentha imatha kukula mpaka 10 cm. Zilombozi zimadziwika ndi thupi lalitali, mutu woboola pakati.
Grasshopper Drepanoxifus (Drepanoxiphus sp.) Kuchokera ku Ecuador, chifukwa chobisalira, kumakulitsa miyendo m'thupi.
Ziwalo zakumbuyo za kachiromboka ndizitali, ndizitali kwambiri kuposa kutsogolo. Mbali iyi ya "miyendo" imapangitsa kuti ziwala zitha kukhala jumper yabwino. Koma osati miyendo ya chiwala yosiyana kutalika, kachilombo kamakhalanso ndi tinyanga kamene kamakula, nthawi zina kangapo kuposa kukula kwa thupi lonse (kutanthauza - kutalika).
Ngakhale zobisika pakati pa udzu, mitundu yowala kwambiri imadza, monga mbuto yowoneka bwino ya buluu.
Zitsamba zokhala ndi mapiko oonda, "zimakutidwa" kuchokera kumtunda ndi elytra wolimba kwambiri. Mitundu ina ya chilengedwe imapereka mtundu wabwino kwambiri, ndipo ziwala zina zimatsata chilengedwe. Mwachitsanzo, ziwala zokhala ndi mapiko zomwe sizingafanane ndi tsamba. Kuphatikiza apo, pali mitundu yosiyana ya tizilombo tosiyanasiyana, momwe mumakhala gawo lachiwonetsero lotalika kumtunda kwa thupi, yolimba mosasiyananso ndi masamba, ziwala zotere zimatchedwa hood-like.
Gawo lothawa ma grasshopper.
Utoto wa tizilombo titha kukhala osiyana kwambiri: wobiriwira, bulauni, imvi komanso ngakhale wakuda. Palinso mithunzi yowala mumtundu wa zolengedwa izi, mwachitsanzo, pinki, ngakhale kuti anthu otere amapezeka kawirikawiri kwambiri zachilengedwe.
Ecuadorian Spiked-Grasshopper (Panacanthus cuspi).
Zomera zokhazikika pa dziko lonse lapansi, sizimangokhala kokha kuzilumba zowuma (Antarctica), komanso sizikukwera mozama m'zipululu zazikulu. Kuti mukhale malo abwino, ziwala zimasankha malo mu dambo, m'mbali mwa nkhalango, m'nkhalango zamvula, paphiri, komanso m'malo osanja. Mitundu ina imakhala m'malo otsetsereka kwambiri ngakhale m'malo okwera. Zochita mwa iwo zimawonetsedwa usana ndi usiku, zonse zimatengera mitundu.
Ngakhale kukula kwakukulu, mazira a udzu omwe ali pamtunda wa udzu sakhala osawoneka.
Grasshopper ndi imodzi mwazilombo zodziwika bwino padziko lapansi, kulira kwawo kumamveka kwambiri dzuwa likamalowa. Ngati pali dambo kapena dambo pafupi nanu, ndiye pitani pomwe dzuwa layamba kulowa, ndipo mudzamva "mapangidwe" oseketsa a tizilombo tosadziwika bwino.
Mverani mawu a chiwala
Grasshopper ndi tizilombo tosamala kwambiri, titha kuthamangitsidwa ndi kubowoka kulikonse kapena kunjenjemera mu udzu. Zitsamba zothandizira tiziwala tambiri kuti tipewe kugundana ndi ngozi chifukwa chotengera, kachilombo kamatha kudumpha mita 1 - 2 kutalika! Mitundu ina imalumphira mmwamba ndipo kwakanthawi kochepa, imagwiritsa ntchito mapiko, imawulukira mlengalenga, motero imakulitsa mwayi wopulumuka. Mitundu ina imatha kuyikira kumbuyo, mwachitsanzo, izi zimagwira pa udzu wokhala ndi mutu, pomwe pakuwopsa kuyambitsa kulimbana.
Mphutsi (nymph) ya chiwala.
Zitsamba zobala zimayambira mazira ndi akazi. Mitundu ina imathamangitsira mazira, masamba ena amaikira ana awo mtsogolo mwachindunji m'zomera kapena makulidwe.
Grasshopper Macroxiphus (Macroxiphus sp.).
Adani a ziwala m'chilengedwe ndi nyama zambiri, monga: mavu, meerkat, makoswe ang'ono, abuluzi, mbalame (mbuluzi, kingfishers, shrikes, ibree, gulls, kestrels, herons, kadzidzi ang'ono), ngakhale abale awo - mitundu yayikulu ziwala.
Anthu ena amawaganizira kuti ziwala ndizothandiza kudya, kuphika zakudya zamtundu wina kuchokera kwa iwo. Zomera zonyansa ndizofunikira kwambiri ku Asia, komanso ku maiko ena a ku Africa.
Sharoglav ndiwambiri.
Nthawi zambiri, ziwala zimakhala ngati tizirombo ta mbewu zaulimi. Mwachitsanzo, mitundu ina ya tizilombo toyambitsa matenda titha kuipitsa tiyi komanso zipatso zamtundu wa zipatso.
Ngati mwapeza cholakwika, chonde sankhani gawo ndikusindikiza Ctrl + Lowani.
