Kuphatikiza pa mitundu isanu ya nkhuku 700 yomwe ikudziwika masiku ano, palinso mitundu, mitundu yosakanizidwa ndi mitanda. Chaka chilichonse, asayansi amatulutsa mndandandawu ndi mitundu yatsopano, yabwino. Koma obereketsa, kapena ana amphaka, amasangalatsa kwambiri obereketsa - ali ndi kulemera kochepa thupi, amapindulitsa pakuwasamalira. Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa nkhuku zazing'onoting'ono, zomwe zimasankha kusankha ulimi ndi momwe angazisamalire - mopitilira malembawo.

Mbiri yakale

Nkhuku zazing'ono sizatsopano pakupanga sayansi. Amadziwika kuti adathandizidwa nawo kalekale malingaliro azamakono okhudza genetic. Nkhuku zazing'ono zingapo ndizotsatira za ntchito yoswana pogwiritsa ntchito mtundu womwe umadziwika kuti utoto, womwe mu sayansi umatchedwa zilembo ziwiri - dw. Ku Russia, asayansi ochokera ku VNITIP adagwira nawo ntchito zachitukuko.

Cholinga chopanga makope ang'onoang'ono azisamba otchuka ndikuchepetsa ndalama zowonongera ndi kupindulitsa phindu laulimi wa nkhuku. Mapeto ake, abusa oweta zoweta amatha kupanga mitundu ya nkhuku zazing'ono, zomwe zimadziwika kwambiri pamafamu a nkhuku komanso m'mafamu achinsinsi.

Mawonekedwe a nkhuku zazing'ono

Mitundu yovuta ya nkhuku, ngati wamba, imagawidwa m'magulu angapo. Ndi dzira, dzira-nyama, nyama, koma nthawi yomweyo zonse ndizokongoletsa. Oyimira mbali zosiyanasiyana ali ndi chinthu chimodzi chofanana - kukula kwakang'ono kwa thupi. Pafupifupi, tinthu tating'ono tambiri timalemera pafupifupi 1-1,5 makilogalamu, ndikuyala nkhuku 0.7-1.1 makilogalamu.

Zina mwa mbalame zazing'ono:

• mawonekedwe ochezeka - pakati pa nkhuku zazing'ono, mbalame zamwano kapena zotsutsana sizipezeka kawirikawiri,
• maonekedwe okongola - Mitundu yaying'ono idapangidwa makamaka ngati zokongoletsera, chifukwa chake adatenga mbalame zokhala ndi maula okongola ngati maziko,
• otsika zizindikiro za dzira zipatso - tinthu tating'onoting'ono timanyamula kuchokera ku mazira 80 mpaka 150, omwe ambiri amakhala pafupi 30-45 g.

Zowona za nkhuku zazitali zazitali ndikufotokozera mwachidule komanso chithunzi

Omwe akufuna kubereketsa ana amphaka am'madzi nkumalandirabe mazira ambiri kwa iwo momwe angathere ayenera kutengera chidwi ndi mitundu iyi:

Tizilombo tomwe timatulutsa timapereka mazira pafupifupi 130 pachaka. Brahma ndi Wyandotte ndi mbalame za nyama. Amaweta kuti azitha kupeza nyama yokoma, yowutsa mudyo. Mwa oimira ang'onoang'ono muufumu wa nkhuku pali zokongola zenizeni, zimabweretsedwera zokongoletsera pabwalo ndikuchita nawo ziwonetsero. Izi zikuphatikiza ndi phoenix. Kuwunikanso nkhuku zazitali kuzithandiza alimi kudziwa kusankha mbalame kuzomera zawo.

Nkhuku za Shabo zidaweledwa ndi asayansi aku Japan. Amasiyanitsidwa ndi gulu lozungulira squat komanso maula okongola. Makhalidwe a mbalame:

• mutu waukulu wokhala ndi tsamba lalikulu lofiira wofiirira,
• Khungu kumaso kwake ndi kofiyira, ngati amphaka.
• thupi lalikulu ndi mabere ophuka bwino,
• miyendo yayifupi
• kuchuluka kwake ndi kwakukulu komanso kokongola,
• mapiko ndi ochepa, omangirira thupi.

Tambala wamkulu wa Shabo amalemera 700-750 g, ndipo nkhukuyo imalemera 500 g. Kupanga dzira pamlingo wamba ndi mazira 120 pachaka. Mbalame zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe ochezeka, odekha. Chikhalidwe chogonera chimakhalabe mu nkhuku, zomwe zimathandizira kuswana kunyumba.

Kokhinhin

Kokhinkhin wocheperako ndi woyenera kukhala ndi ziweto zazing'ono zazing'ono zomwe zimayang'ana mawonekedwe apoyamba komanso chikhalidwe chodandaula cha ziweto. Izi ndi zomwe mbadwa zazing'onoting'ono zaku China zokhala nazo. Kuyang'ana iwo, zikuwoneka kuti mbalamezo siziyenda, koma zimakwawa pansi. Chinyengo chotere chimapangidwa chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa fluff yomwe imaphimba miyendo yokhala ndi minyewa.

Yang'anani! Kokhinkhins woyamba kukhala mu Europe mu 1860, nkhondo itatha pakati pa aku China ndi aku Britain.

Zithunzi zakunja kwa ng'ombe zazing'ono:

• malangizo - nyama yokongoletsera,
• Tambala timakhala ndi mutu waching'ono wokhala ndi mlomo wamphamvu wachikasu,
• ofiira, ofiira ngati masamba, okhazikika, mano akulu,
• nkhope, khutu ndi matsamba nawonso ndi ofiira,
• iris ndi chikasu kapena lalanje,
• Khosi silifupika ndi nsapato yodontha imagwera pamapewa.
• thupi ndi lalikulu, lonse, lozama pang'ono,
• kumbuyo ndi kolimba, kukweza pang'ono m'dera lumbar,
• kuchuluka kwa zigawo za pral ndi wokongola kwambiri,
• m'mbali pachifuwa
• Mimba ndi yozungulira.
• miyendo ndi yochepa ndi matupi amtundu ndi chiuno,
• metatarsus
• mchirawo ndi wopambana, wopangidwa ngati mpira.

Yang'anani! Pali ma cochinchins amtundu wocheperako komanso wowonda komanso wopindika. Mapeto ake, nthenga zilizonse zimagwada kunjaku, zimapangitsa kuti mbalamezo zizioneka zachilendo.

Kutalika kwa moyo wa ng'ombe zazing'ono ndi zaka 7-8. Zaka zakubala pakuyala nkhuku zimachitika miyezi 4-5. Popita chaka chimodzi, nkhuku imanyamula mazira 80 olemera 30- 33 g.

Zovala Phoenix

Mtundu wa nkhuku zobiriwira phoenix amatanthauza kukongoletsa. Choyimira chake chachikulu ndi mchira wapamwamba, kutalika kwake komwe kumafikira mamita angapo. Mbalameyi idadulidwa ku China, ndipo ataswana asayansi aku Japan adagwirizanitsidwa. Kulemera kwa tambala wamtunduwu ndi 800 g. mbalamezi zimayimiriridwa pamitundu yosiyanasiyana - yoyera, golide, siliva, lalanje.

Zizindikiro zakunja:

• mutu wawung'ono wokhala ndi kakhalidwe kakang'ono ndi khutu loyera,
• Katemera wapakatikati
• torso yokhala ndi mawonekedwe okongola
• lamba womangidwa bwino,
• kubwerera kale
• khosi lalitali koma lalitali komanso zowoneka bwino zomwe zimagwera pamapewa.
• khola lalitali,
• metatarsus bare, amatha kujambulika mu mithunzi yosiyanasiyana - kuchokera ku imvi-buluu mpaka utoto,
• mchira wake ndiwotupa komanso wautali - mu chaka chimodzi cha moyo umakula ndi 80 cm kapena kupitilira.

Thandizo Mu nkhuku, phoenix ili ndi jeni yomwe imalepheretsa kusungunuka. Tili othokoza kuti mbalameyi imatha kudzitama mchira wautali chonchi.

Zizindikiro zothandizira kupanga ma nkhuku ndizochepa - mazira 55 pachaka, zina ngakhale zochepa. Chipolopolocho chimakhala ndimithunzi ya beige kapena kirimu. Kulemera kwazogulitsa - 45 g.

Nkhuku zazing'ono-nyama - fawn, kufotokoza kwa mtundu

Amphaka amphaka ochepa - nyama makamaka. Zogawika ngati nyama yosiyanasiyana, zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati dzira. Njira yabwino yakukulira minda yaying'ono. Amadziwika ndi zokolola zabwino, kudya chakudya chochepa, osafunikira malo akulu kuti akhale oswana. Mukamaweta ndi mtundu, ma Cornish amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti apeze nkhuku zowiritsa.

Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pobereka. Ganizirani za nkhuku zodya nyama yaying'ono: maonekedwe, mawonekedwe, zabwino ndi zovuta za mtunduwo. Komanso, malamulo oyendetsera zokolola ndi kukonza: mayendedwe ake, nkhuku nkhuku, masinthidwe osunga, kudyetsa. Kupewa komanso kuchiza matenda: matenda opatsirana, oyambitsidwa ndi majeremusi.

Miniature brama

Nkhuku zowononga za Brama zimachokera pamaziko amtundu womwewo wa kuwongolera nyama. Wokhala ndi maonekedwe owoneka oseketsa - miyendo yawo ndiyophimbidwa ndi maula ambiri. Mbalame zimakhala ndi mitundu yokongola. Mbalame zotchuka kwambiri zamitundu iyi:

Ma Mini-brahms ndiakulirapo kuposa oimira mitundu ina yaying'ono, kotero amagwiritsidwa ntchito osati monga chokongoletsera bwalo, komanso cholinga chofuna kupeza nyama. Kulemera kwa cockerel wa chaka chimodzi kuli pafupi ndi 2 kg, ndipo nkhuku zodyera ndi 1-1,5 kg. Mitembo imakhala ndi chiwonetsero chabwino, ndipo zomwe zimapangidwazo zimakoma kwambiri. Kupanga mazira sikosangalatsa - mazira 80-100 pachaka, kuyika mazira - 40 g, chipolopolo cha beige.

Ganizirani zakunja kwa mawonekedwe ang'onoang'ono:

• wautali-wamutu mutu wovekedwa ndi kakhonje kakang'ono kakang'ono,
• khosi ndi lalifupi, lonenepa, likudutsa mapewa.
• thupi ndi lalikulu, nsana wake ndi waukulu, chifuwa chadzaza, chimayenda kutsogolo,
• mchira ndi wamfupi, wowotcha, wowotcha, wokweza pang'ono,
• miyendo yamtundu wokhala ndi maula okongola.

Oimira mtundu uwu ndi mbalame zochezeka, zamtendere. Amatha kusungidwa mu maselo, popanda mwayi woyenda. Zigawo zimatha kufalitsa nkhuku, yomwe ndi imodzi mwazabwino za kuswana.

Udongo waku Malaysia

Mitunduyi idasanjidwa ku Malaysia podutsa nkhuku zakutchire ndi azinyama aku Japan. Chodabwitsa kwambiri ndi mbalamezi ndikuti imawonedwa ngati yaying'ono kwambiri pakati pa nkhuku padziko lonse lapansi. Kulemera kwa yamphongo sikupitirira 600 g, ndipo nkhuku yodzala - 525. Kukula kocheperako kwa seramu yaku Malawi, ndi kwamtengo wapatali. Anthu ochepa kwambiri amapatsidwa kalasi A. Roosters omwe adapatsidwa gulu lino akulemera 350 g, ndi nkhuku - 325 g.

Mbalame zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe achilendo. Zowala zawo zili zowongoka, ndipo chifuwa chawo chili kutsogolo. Akayang'ana maonekedwe, amatchera khutu kuti khosi la nkhuku ndi tambala likhale lalikulu, ndiye kuti mbalame ndiyofunika kwambiri. Mchira wa mtundu wamphongo wamphongo uyenera kukwezedwa pamwamba (osachepera madigiri 90). Nkhope za manja opindika. Makulidwe amtundu wa ku Malesia sakhala wowonda kwambiri, koma amasiyana mu mawonekedwe okongola.

Yang'anani! Samu yawaramu ndi thermophilic - pamtunda wotsika +25 madigiri, imasiya kuthamanga. Mwama wamkazi amasungidwa, koma sakufuna kusamalira nkhuku zoswedwa - nkhuku zoyala zitha kupaka ana awo. Dzira laling'ono lomwe limagona limatulutsa mazira okwanira 50-60 pachaka.

Altai bantamka

A Japan adapanga mitundu ingapo ya bentamok - Altai, bog-miyendo, chintz ndi araucana. Onsewa ndi gulu la nkhuku zokongoletsera, chifukwa mwayi wawo waukulu ndi mawonekedwe okongola. Chiwerengero chachikulu kwambiri pakati pa bentamok ndi mitundu ya Altai. Kuphatikiza pa mawonekedwe oyamba, ilinso ndi machitidwe abwino osinthika komanso zipatso zambiri.

• kulemera kwa tambala - 900 g, nkhuku - 700 g,
• zomanga
• squat torso yokhala ndi yopingasa
• Pamutu wopendekeka pali kakonzedwe kokongola, komwe kansalu kakang'ono kofiirira kamabisidwa,
• ndolo zazing'ono,
• miyendo imathandizidwa mokwanira
• Mchira umadzuka,
• maula ndi okuda, owala, ofiira, opaka zinthu zakuda, komanso yoyera, yofiyira, yodziwika bwino.

Mtundu wa bentamok wa Altai ndi wotchuka chifukwa chokakonda nkhondo komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwambiri. Ngakhale zili ndi mawonekedwe awa, kuyala nkhuku ndi amayi odabwitsa. Kwa chaka chimodzi amakhala ndi mazira 60-90 olemera 45 g.

Pachitseko

Mitunduyi idachokera kwa a Lord John Seabright, yemwe adawoloka nkhuku ya bentamka, nkhuku yaku Chipolishi ndikuwawonjezera magazi kuchokera ku rozi ya Hamburg. Mu 1815, adawonetsera chilengedwe chake kudziko lapansi. Nkhuku zazing'onoting'ono zokhala ndimapulasitiki okongola kwambiri zidatchuka kwambiri ku Europe.

Yang'anani! Chochititsa chidwi ndi mzere wobadwira wa abale ndi chakuti nkhuku ndi tinthu timeneti tili ndi utoto wofanana. Nthenga zilizonse zimakhala ndi gawo lozungulira komanso malire wakuda. Amuna samaluka m'm mchira ndi nthenga zazitali zazitali kudera lumbar ndi mu mane.

Makhalidwe ake akunja:

• zomanga
• thupi lozungulira
• chifuwa chowonekera
• mchira wowoneka ngati fan
• mutu waching'ono wokhala ndi tsitsi loyera,
• nkhope yofiyira ndimatumbo, omalizirawo ndi osalala komanso ofewa,
• Khosi silikhala lalifupi, lonse m'mbali,
• miyendo yake ndi yaifupi, pang'ono kubisika pansi pa mapiko atakhazikika pansi,
• mitundu ya mitundu - siliva ndi golide.

Dzira loyika kuthekera kwa nkhuku zodyetsa ndi zamtundu - 80-100 mazira. Magawo amasaka nkhuku modzifunira ndikuwasamalira atabadwa.

Dutch-oyera

Chodabwitsa cha mitundu iyi ndi mawonekedwe oyera oyera ngati mawonekedwe a mpira, ophimba mutu wonse. Kutsogolo kwake, nthenga zake ndi zakuda, ndipo kumbali zakumbuyo ndi kumbuyo kuli zoyera. Kulemera kwa tambala wocheperako ndi 0,9-1.1 makilogalamu, ndipo nkhuku 0.8 kg. Kuyala zokolola - mazira 80 mchaka choyamba cha kuyala.Mtsogolomo, chizindikiro ichi chimachepa. Unyinji wazinthu zogulitsa ndi 30- 35 g .. Dutch-oyera - oyera nkhuku.

Chingwe chokhala ndi mutu-wadzu loyera ku Dutch

• mutu wocheperapo womwe sugwera, koma wowoneka wosalala.
• ndolo zazing'ono ndi khungu lakhungu ndi utoto wofiirira,
• imaso kapena imaso yakuda yakuda
• thupi lokhala ndi chifuwa chowoneka,
• miyendo yotalika pakatikati, yowuma, yamatayara yopanda imvi,
• mitundu yosankha - yoyera, yakuda, yamtambo.

Yang'anani! Nkhuku zoyera zokhala ndi mutu wa chiDutch ndi nkhuku zabwino za amayi ndi amayi osamala. Komabe, alimi amakonda kulima anapiye okhala ana. Cholinga chake ndi kuchepa kochepa kwa nyama zazing'ono. Kutayika kwa nkhuku sabata yoyamba ya moyo kumafika 70%.

Hamburg

Oimira gulu lakuthengo la Hamburg amawoneka abwino kwambiri. Ali ofanana ndi pheasants. Mbalame zimakhala ndi mankhwalawa, thupi loikidwa kwambiri komanso maula abwino. Chowoneka mosiyanitsa ndi mtunduwo ndi kakang'ono ka pinki, kamtondo m'khosi. Amawoneka ngati kuti wakomoka. Mphete za nkhukuzi zimakhala zoyera nthawi zonse, ndipo ndolo zazikulu zowoneka bwino zimakhala zofiira.

Nkhuku ya Dwarf Hamburg

Oimira zamtunduwu amadzitamandira mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya cholembera - wakuda, woyera, siliva, wamawangamawanga, wamawangamawangamawangamawanga, agalu ndi phulusa. Kulemera kwa tambala wocheperako wa mtundu wa Hamburg ndi 1,3 kg, zigawo zili 1 kg. Kwa chaka, nkhuku zimabweretsa mazira 100-110, omwe ndi abwino kwambiri kwa mbalame yokongoletsa.

Leggorn

Nkhuku zazing'ono za Leghorn zakhala ndi dzina lina - B-33. Kope laling'onoting'ono ili la Leghorn ndi la mitundu ya kutsogolo kwa dzira. Kulemera kwa amoyo wa chaka chimodzi cha cockerel kuli pafupi ndi 1.4-1.7 kg, ndipo zazikazi zimalemera pafupifupi 1,3 kg. Ubwino:

• kutulutsa dzira (mazira 230),
• kupulumuka kwa nkhuku - 95%,
• kusamba koyambirira kwa kuyala nkhuku - miyezi 4,
• dzira misa - 50-55 g.

Maonekedwe a nkhuku zazing'ono za Leghorn zimasiyana ndi anzawo akuluakulu pakakulidwe kamthupi. Mazu awo amakhala ndi mawonekedwe ofiira owoneka ngati masamba; mu nkhuku, imapachikidwa m'mbali. Malinga ndi muyezo, ma khutu oyenera kukhala oyera kapena amtambo. Iris ndi chikasu cha lalanje. Thupi limakhala ndi mawonekedwe a wedge, m'mimba mwake ndi lozungulira. Khosi limakhala lokwera, lopindika pang'ono. Mchirawo umakwezedwa m'mwamba mwa amuna, ndikutsitsidwa. Miyendo ndiyifupi, mikono yakutsogolo siikhala yopindika, chifukwa chausinkhu imakhala yosalala. Zowonjezerazo ndi zoyera bwino, kachulukidwe ka cholembera ndikutalika.

Little Galoshka

Ichi ndi nkhuku yaying'ono yokhala ndi mawonekedwe achilendo. Chachilendo chake ndicho kusowa kwamapulogalamu pakhosi, monga zikuwonekera ndi dzina la mtunduwo. Mbalame yokongoletsera siyamayamikiridwa monga chiwonetsero chokha, komanso ngati nkhuku yodzala. Pazaka 1, mazira 120-130 amapezeka ku galoshek yaying'ono. Kulemera kwa aliyense sikuposa 40 g, mtundu wa chipolopolo ndi choyera.

• elongated compact body
• khosi lalitali, lopindika, lopindika pachikuto,
• lathyathyathya kumbuyo
• tibia yopangidwa bwino, metatarsus wowonda.

Silika waku China

Uku ndi mtundu wakale wa nkhuku zazing'ono zazing'ono zoweta ku China. Mbalameyo siili ngati ina iliyonse - imafanana ndi mpira wa ubweya, ndipo chivundikiro chake cha nthenga nchopepuka komanso chosalala ngati tsitsi la kalulu. Ichi sichokhacho chokhacho chosiyanitsa mbalame yam'madzi - khungu lake limapakidwa utoto, ndipo nyamayo imakhala ndi kukoma kwabwino kwambiri ndipo imawonedwa ngati yofunika kwambiri.

Thandizo Ku China, nyama yankhuku ya silika imagwiritsidwa ntchito ku pharmacology, popeza ili ndi mankhwala, ndipo nthenga zimamasulidwa ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati ubweya wa nkhosa.

Kufotokozera kwa mzere wobwereza:

• kulemera kwa cockerel - 1.5 makilogalamu, nkhuku 0.9-1.1 makilogalamu,
• thupi lakuthwa, lokutidwa kwambiri pansi
• mutu waching'ono wokhala ndi tsitsi loyera kuchokera pamwamba, lomwe limabisidwa kwathunthu pamakona olowa,
• mlomo ndi wowongoka, wamtambo wamtambo,
• Mphete zamtundu wa buluu zopepuka, mphete sizinapangidwe bwino, mawonekedwe owoneka ngati buluu,
• kumbuyo kuli kwakanthawi, kotukuka,
• mchira ndi wamfupi, wowotcha,
• miyendo ndi yopinda mikono isanu, yokutidwa ndi maula ambiri,
• mitundu yosankha - yoyera, yakuda, yamtambo, yachikaso, yofiyira, yofiyira.

Kuku ya silika yaku China

Zigawo zimapereka mazira 100 olemera 35 g pachaka ndipo ali amayi osamalira. Izi ndi mwayi wa mtundu. Zowonongekazo zimaphatikizapo kukwera mtengo kwa nkhuku. Pafupifupi ma ruble 3,000 adzayenera kugulidwa kuti agule munthu wamkulu, ndi ma ruble 500-700 kuti dzira lipangidwe.

Welsumer

Nkhuku zowetedwa Welszumer - chilengedwe cha manja a asayansi achi Dutch. Zosiyanasiyana zidapangidwa kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1900. Izi ndi mbalame zowoneka bwino. Zigawo zikuwonetsa zokolola zokongoletsera - mazira 130 pachaka, zomwe zimafikira 45. Kulemera kwa tambala okhwima ndi 1,2-1.4 kg, ndipo nkhuku ndi 1 kg.

Zizindikiro zakunja kwa a Welshmers:

• torso yotsika yopingasa
• Khosi lapakati
• chotuluka chofalikira, chodutsa bwino kupita m'mimba yozungulira,
• kubwerera kale
• kukula kwakanthawi kokhala ndi chipeso chofiyira,
• ndolo zazikulu zozungulira,
• maimidwe opangidwa ndi ma amondi,
• maso a lalanje
• miyendo ndiyifupi, kolimba, m'chiuno mwapangidwa bwino,
• Tambala amatulutsa mchira,
• mitundu ya mitundu - yofiira, siliva.

Nkhuku za Welsumer ndizodekha, zopanda nkhondo, zotere ndizabwino kukula pakhomo.

Oryol amamera

Mwana wa nkhuku ya Oryol mini yopezeka ndi kuyesayesa kwa obereketsa aku Germany. Mitunduyi idadulidwa pamaziko a mzere waku Russia wa dzina lomweli powoloka ndi mitundu yazing'ono. Mbalame zodzikongoletsa zimayang'anira dzira, popeza nkhuku zimayala mazira 120 mpaka 130 pachaka.

Nkhuku yobiriwira ya Oryol

Mbalame zimawoneka bwino:

• chachikulu, choponderezedwa ndi chifuwa chachikulu ndi kumbuyo, pafupi ndi tinthu timene tili pafupi kwambiri,
• khosi lalitali ndilowerapo pang'ono komanso lopindika.
• mapewa otambalala
• cholimba m'mimba
• pamakhala ndevu pamutu komanso ndevu zazitali,
• Chisa chaching'ono komanso chochepa kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa nkhuku kuti iwoneke ngati yowopsa.
• miyendo ndi yayitali, yolimba,
• metatarsus wachikasu
• cholembera kachulukidwe kali
• mitundu - yoyera, yokhala ndi chifuwa chakuda, chintz, yofiyira, yofiirira.

Dwarf Wyandotte

Izi ndi mtundu wocheperako wa American Wyandotte. Mbalameyi imakopa chidwi cha alimi osati kokha ndi kukongola kwa maula, komanso ndi zizindikiro zabwino za kupanga mazira - mayunitsi 120 opanga pachaka. Unyinji wa dzira ndi 45 g.Chopepuka cha tambala, chomwe chafika kukhwima, ndi 1,1-1,3 kg, ndipo nkhuku yakuyala ndi 0,9 kg.

Yang'anani! Nkhuku zakunyanja za Wyandotte zili ndi mitundu 28 ya cholembera. Odziwika kwambiri ndi partridge, siliva, golide, ofiira, abuluu. Chofunikira kwambiri pa mbalame ndi kupezeka kwa kusintha kwa nthenga. Chifukwa cha iye, chojambula chofanana ndi masikelo a nsomba chikuwoneka.

Nkhuku za Wyandotte zimakhala ndi thupi lopangidwa ngati makona atatu. Thupi limakhala lalikulu, lokhazikika. Mutu umakhala wocheperako ndi kansalu kakang'ono, khosi limakhala trapezoidal, lopindika. Maso ndi amalalanje. Chiuno chokhala ndi tchire chakutukuka kwambiri, kumbuyo kuli kochepa, mchira wakweza, kutupa. Mbalame zimazolowera mwini wake, zimaloleza kuti zizigwiridwa, mikangano pakati pa roost ndiyosowa.

Zomwe zili mu nkhuku zazing'ono

Kulera nkhuku zocheperako ndizosangalatsa - safuna nkhuku yayikulu komanso malo ambiri. Mitundu ina ikhoza kusungidwa osayenera. Zofunikira zazikulu pakakonzedwe ka nyumbayo:

• kupezeka kwa mpweya wabwino,
• makoma okhala pansi ndi pansi
• mabokosi a chisa - chidutswa chimodzi cha zigawo 5,
• kuchuluka kwa akumwa ndi odyetsa,
• pansi zofewa zopangidwa ndi utuchi ndi peat pansi.

Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono timakhala tcheru ndi kukometsa, ndikofunikira kuwonetsetsa kuti mphepo yozizira siyikuomba m'nkhokwe. Kugona pafupipafupi komanso kugona mchipinda kumateteza mbalame kuti isafalikire. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuyendetsa magetsi m'nyumba. M'nyengo yozizira, kuti mupitirize kupanga mazira, muyenera kuwonjezera nthawi ya masana mpaka maola 13. Kutentha kwa nkhokwe sikuyenera kugwa pansi pa +10 madigiri.Madera akumpoto, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zida zotenthetsera kuti mbalame zisazizire.

Tizilombo tating'ono timafunika nyumba yabwino komanso kuyenda

Kusamalira nkhuku zazing'ono kuphatikizanso kudyetsa koyenera. Mbalame zazing'onoting'ono zimadya chakudya chochepa kwambiri 40% kuposa abale awo akuluakulu. Zofunikira zonse pokonza zakudya ndizoyenera. M'mawa ndi madzulo, zosakaniza za tirigu zimagawidwa kwa zigawo. Pa nkhomaliro, amasakaniza ndimasamba ndimasamba amaperekedwa. Kuphatikiza apo, menyuwo akuphatikizapo:

• masamba
• nsomba
• tchizi tchizi
• utakula tirigu
• zowonjezera mchere - choko, chipolopolo, ufa wamfupa, mafuta a nsomba, yisiti, mchere.

Nkhuku zazingwe zikukula kwambiri ku Russia ndi ku Europe. Ambiri amakopeka ndikuwoneka koyambirira kwa mbalamezo, ena amawayamika chifukwa cha mawonekedwe awo ochezeka, ena amabera ana amphaka amphaka, chifukwa safuna malo ambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, zigawo zazing'ono zimakulolani kuti musunge pazakudya zawo. Iwo omwe akukumana ndi kusankha mtundu wa nkhuku zazing'onoting'ono ayenera kuphunzira zabwino ndi zovuta zawo, mawonekedwe a zokolola ndi mawonekedwe a kuswana.

Khalidwe Lopindulitsa

Ngati palibe mtundu wina wopanga nyama, ndiye kuti nkhuku zodyetsedwa zimadyetsedwa bwino. Malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa mapezedwe akulemera, zotsatirazi zitha kuonedwa:

Kulemera kwakukulu kwa tambala ndi 3 kg, kwa nkhuku - 2.7 kg. Mbalamezi zimatha kutha msinkhu pofika miyezi isanu ndi umodzi.

Mitundu yoyera idatengedwa kuchokera ku mtundu wocheperako wa leggorn. Nkhuku zili ndi machitidwe opezeka ponseponse, ndipo kupanga kwawo dzira kuli pafupifupi kofanana ndi chizindikiritso chabwino kwambiri cholowera dzira - pafupifupi zidutswa 180, kulemera kwakukulu ndi 60 g.

Mitundu ya Mini nyama imasiyanitsidwa ndi kukula kwake, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti safuna malo ambiri kuti azikonza, chipindacho chitha kupangidwa chochepa kwambiri. Palibe chobisika, ndikofunikira kutsatira mfundo izi:

1. Mitundu ya Mini nyama imasinthasintha bwino nyengo yamtambo wapakati. Sayenera kupanga njira yotentha. Koma kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yachisanu, mwiniwake amayenera kusamalira zowonjezera zowunikira kuti kupanga mazira kumakhalabe pamlingo.
2. Chipindacho chizikhala ndi zisa komanso zopondera.
3. Kuphatikizika kwa nkhuku kumayenera kuperekedwa ndi mpweya wabwino, koma nthawi yomweyo kupewa kupezeka kwa kusodza.
4. Zofunda zizikhala zowuma komanso zoyera. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito udzu, udzu kapena utuchi kuti muchite izi. Ndikofunikira kusanja mwadongosolo kuti isaphike, kuchotsa malo okhala ndivuto ndi kuwonjezera zigawo zatsopano ngati pakufunika.

Nkhuku zomwe zatsala kuti zilandire nyama zitha kusungidwa munthawi yochepa. Ali ndi mawonekedwe odabwitsa, odekha, motero amatha kukhala osayenda. Komabe zingakhale bwino ngati mbalamezo zingakhale nthawi yayitali pabwalo loyendamo kuti zipeza msipu kapena masamba atsopano.

Kuchenjera kudyetsa

Nkhuku zazing'ono zam'madzi zimakhala ndi zochuluka padziko lonse lapansi. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ziweto zazing'ono zimafunikira kudyetsedwa komanso nkhuku zowiritsa. Nkhuku imodzi idzafunika chakudya chamafuta 130 patsiku.

Kuti mupeze mitembo yakulemera pamisika, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya zapamwamba kwambiri, zomwe zimakhala ndi ma amino acid, mavitamini ndi michere, komanso chakudya chamagulu.

Zakudyazo ndizofanana ndi zakudya za mtundu wamba. Koma ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti nkhuku zipatsidwe chakudya choyambirira, kenako ndikazisamutsa kusakaniza ndi tirigu wosweka. Ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito osakaniza akunyowa, misa yobiriwira, ufa wamfupa ndi zina zowonjezera pakudya.

Subtleties kuswana

Chizindikiro chocheperachi chimapezekanso, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti nkhuku zazing'ono zitha kupatsidwira pakati pokha. Kuchokera pakusintha kosafunikira, gulu la kholo limaphatikizidwa ndi ana osagwirizana kuti asakonzeke.

Makampani oweta okhaokha amakonda kugwiritsa ntchito mtunduwu kuti apeze nyama zanzeru. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito omwe amakulitsa mtundu wa Cornish ndipo patatha milungu ingapo muziikira mazira pansi pa nkhuku kapena chofungatira.

Khola lodziwika limakhala ndi tambala m'modzi ndi ma thito 10 atagona. Kuchulukitsidwa kwa mazira kumafika pa 95%, koma kukula kwachinyamata kumachokera ku 80% yazinthuzo. Pambuyo kuwaswa, nkhuku zimabzalidwe chipinda chofunda ndi kutentha kwa + 34 mpaka +36 degrees ndikuwonjezera pang'onopang'ono chizindikirochi kukhala + 18-20 madigiri.

Zokhudza zabwino ndi zovuta zake

Kukula kwachinyamata kumakula msanga

Chifukwa cha kufupika kwakanthawi konyowa, nthawi zambiri amagwira matumbo awo ponyowa, komwe kumayambitsa matenda. Iwo ali osavomerezeka kuti azingoyenda osayenda.

Osasankha pankhani yodyetsa

Pali zovuta zingapo ndi miyendo. Amayamba ndikudya moyenera, makamaka nyama zazing'ono.

Ndizosangalatsa kugwiritsa ntchito zomwe zili ndi khungu komanso zowonera

Zopangira dzira lalikulu

Osadula kokhazikika ngati mukuyenda m'malo osavomerezeka

Sichifuna malo ambiri okonza

Nthawi zambiri kunyumba, nyama yankhuku imalima. Kupatula apo, amapereka nyama yambiri yokoma, ngakhale kuchuluka kwa mazira omwe anaikidwa ndi iwo ndi ochepa. Mitengo yonse ya nkhuku siyokhazikika pamtunda, ngakhale tinthu tambiri sitikhala kwenikweni.

Mawonekedwe a nkhuku zanyama

Kukula nkhuku pafamu yoweta, muyenera kudziwa mawonekedwe a mbalame zotere:

• Mitundu yankhuku ya nyama imakhala ndi kulemera kwakukulu kwa thupi, ndipo kuchuluka kwawo kumasuka.
• Kupanga mazira kumakhala kotsika ndipo sikumafikira mazira 130 pachaka.
• Nkhuku zofika zaka ziwiri zokha zimalemera 1.5 kg. Ochulukirapo amakula m'mwezi woyamba wamoyo. Azisungidwa m'malo opepuka. Ndikofunika kuti pali pansi pang'onopang'ono zopangidwa ndi utuchi mchipindacho, zomwe zimayenera kusinthidwa nthawi ndi nthawi. Ndikofunika kuti pali malo okwanira mumkaka ya nkhuku: palibe nkhuku zoposa mwezi wazaka 10-15 pa mita imodzi imodzi.
• Kuti tifulumizitse kukula kwa mbalame, ndikofunikira kuti zitsimikizire kutentha kwambiri m'chipindacho. Ngati nkhukuzo sizizizira, zimakhala zodzaza, zomwe zimachedwetsa kukula.
• Kuti nkhuku zikule bwino, zimawonjezera mbatata zophika. Nkhuku yayikulu imalemera makilogalamu 4-5,5 kwa miyezi 5-6.

Mulingo wa Chakudya cha Chakudya

Mitundu makumi ambiri ya nyama imasiyana ndi mazira, chifukwa ali ndi kukula kwakukulu, thupi lachitetezo komanso zolemera zambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, osati mawonekedwe awo akunja omwe ali osiyana, komanso mawonekedwe awo.

Pazomwe nkhuku zimasiyira ndemanga zabwino, chifukwa zimakhala zofatsa, zowoneka bwino, zamanyazi pang'ono ndipo zimatha kusintha kusintha kwadzidzidzi m'chilengedwe kapena kutentha.

Chifukwa chake, mbalame zoterezi ndizabwino kusunga pafamu yakunyumba. Koma mlimi aliyense kapena nkhuku iliyonse imangofunika kusaka nyama zokhazo zabwino za nkhuku. Ganizirani otchuka kwambiri.

Brahma Yabwino

Mtundu wa nkhuku uwu umawoneka bwino komanso wopatsa zipatso. Nthawi zambiri pamakhala anthu omwe ali ndi mitundu yambiri ya siliva, ochepera. Mlomo wachikasu ndi mikwaso yakuda. Chifuwa ndichaching'ono, khosi limakhala lalitali komanso lopindika, yokutidwa ndi maneti yapamwamba.

Mbalame zimapirira bwino chilengedwe. Nkhukuzo zimakhala zodekha, motero sizivuta kuzizunza. Mtengo wa nkhuku ya mwezi umodzi ndikuchokera ku ma ruble 400.

Mbalame sizifuna kuyenda pafupipafupi komanso kwanthawi yayitali. Ndikokwanira kuwalola kupita kumalo oyenda katatu pa sabata kwa maola angapo. Amalemera bwino: tambala - mpaka 4.5 makilogalamu, nkhuku - mpaka 3,7 kg. Kupanga mazira kumakhala kotsika - mpaka mazira 100 pachaka.

Gulu

Kodi ndi nyama yanji yomwe imatchuka kwambiri ku Russia? Zachidziwikire, uyu ndi Brahma grouse. Imakhala ndi chivundikiro champhamvu cha nthenga, kotero kuti nyengo yozizira sikuopa mbalame.

Ziwawa zili ngakhale kumapazi. Imakhala ndi mazira ambiri kuposa Kuwala kapena Pale Yellow Brahma: mpaka mazira 120 pachaka. Munthu aliyense amadya chakudya chilichonse, koma kuti achulukane msanga ayenera kukhala woyenera.

Choipa cha mtundu uwu wa nkhuku, chithunzi chomwe chinaikidwa pansipa, ndikuti mbalamezo zili chete. Chifukwa cha izi, amatha kuiwala za kuwononga mazira.

Komanso, nkhuku zambiri zimakhalabe ndi njala, chifukwa zimakhala zaulesi kwambiri kuti zizikunguliza wodyetsa.M'mbuyomu, mtunduwu udali ndi nyama zabwino kwambiri, koma alimi adasamala kwambiri maula okongola.

Kotero tsopano kulemera kwawo kwamthupi ndi motere: tambala / nkhuku - 3,7 / 3 kg, motero.

Bress Gallic

Uwu ndi mtundu womwe umaphatikiza mawonekedwe abwino a nyama ndi kupanga bwino kwa mazira (mazira 130 pachaka). Anthu omwe ali ndi dzina lachilendo chotere ndiofunika kwambiri ndi alimi.

Zigawo zili ndi nyama yokoma kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, amakhala ndi mphamvu. Ayenera kuyenda mosamala, chifukwa mbalame zotere zimatha kuwuluka pang'ono.

Ziwuluka mosavuta pa mpanda, choncho muyenera kuziyang'anira. Ena amangofinya nthenga zawo papiko limodzi pang'ono. Nkhuku zimakula mofulumira ngati zimapatsidwa zakudya zama protein. Roosters akhoza kulemera mpaka 5 makilogalamu, ndi nkhuku - pafupifupi 3.5 makilogalamu.

Thanthwe la Plymouth

Uwu ndi mtundu wapadera womwe unawonekera chifukwa cha kubzala kwamitundu yambiri. Ndipo anthu oterowo nthawi zambiri amayamikiridwa, kotero amayikidwa mu malo amodzi mndandanda woyamba wa "Mitundu yapamwamba ya nyama ya nkhuku."

Zodziwika kwambiri ndi nthenga zautoto ndi zoyera. Chodabwitsa cha mtundu uwu wa nyama (chithunzi pansipa) ndikuti nkhuku zimatha kudya chilichonse. Ngakhale ali ndi chidwi chachikulu, amadya amadyera.

Plymouthrock ndi wofanana ndi mbalame zina zonse. Mbalame ndizodekha komanso pang'ono. Nkhuku zimakula msanga, zimalemera bwino. Pakatha pafupifupi miyezi iwiri kuchokera tsiku lomwe amaswa, ana amatha kulemera mpaka kilogalamu imodzi. Kulemera kwa nkhuku / tambala ndi 3/4 kg, motsatana. Thunthu lake ndi lalikulu komanso miyendo yake ndiyifupi, yomwe imawoneka yoseketsa kwambiri.

Zozungulira

Awa ndi nkhuku zazikulu kwambiri pakati pa azinyama, chifukwa zimagawika bwino mnyumbamo. Ngakhale izi sizingakhale mtundu wa nkhuku, koma wosakanizidwa wopezeka Plymouth Rock ndi Cornish.

Chifukwa chake, sikofunikira kupanga gulu la kholo la ana oyenda m'madzi, popeza mbalamezo sizidzapereka mbadwo wawo wotsatira.

Kupanga mazira mu nkhuku zotere ndizochepa kwambiri (pafupifupi mazira 60 pachaka), ndipo nthawi zina kulibe. Koma sizidapangidwa kuti tizipeza mazira, koma nyama. Nthawi zambiri amasungidwa mpaka miyezi iwiri kapena itatu. Mu sabata yoyamba, anapiye amalimbikitsidwa kuti asakanikize dzira ndi kuwonjezera pa tchizi.

Mtsogolomo, mbewu monga chimanga, zitsamba, mavitamini ndi michere yambiri zimaphatikizidwanso muzakudya. M'miyezi iwiri, nyama yawo yayamba kale kufika 3-3,5 kg. Zilibe nzeru kuti zikulere motalikirapo, chifukwa nyamayo izikhala yolimba.

Kuchotsa

Mtundu wa Dorking umadziwika ndi malongosoledwe otsatirawa: nkhuku zimakhala ndi zowoneka bwino zomwe zimasiyana ndi mtundu - zoyera kapena mtundu. Komanso, mikhalidwe ina ya mbalame imatengera izi.

Chifukwa chake, nkhuku zoyera zimakhala ndi nyama yokoma kwambiri, yofewa komanso yofewa, koma oimira achikuda amapeza kulemera kwakuthupi.

Nkhuku zimaswa mazira bwino. Komabe, sabata yoyamba ya moyo, nkhuku zimayamba kuzizidwa kwambiri komanso kuzizira. Ngati azisungidwa, amadwala kapena kufa.

Langshan

Mitunduyi idadulidwa ku China, ndipo kwa nthawi yayitali idalimidwa mdziko lino. Palinso mitundu ya ku Germany ndi Chingerezi. Ubwino wa mbalame zotere ndikuchita kwawo. Amatha kupirira ngakhale zovuta kwambiri.

Ali ndi thupi lalikulu, kumbuyo lalikulu. Zomvera m'makutu zimatsitsidwa pansi, zonyezimira ndizochepa, mchira umakongola. Chithunzi ndi kufotokozera kwatsatanetsatane kwa mtunduwu kumatha kuwonekera pansipa.

Nkhuku zazing'onozing'ono: mawonekedwe

Nthawi zambiri zomwe zimapezeka m'mafamu ndi nkhuku zazing'ono. Amawonekera koyamba ku Russia. Matendawa adadziwika osati pakati pa alimi a nkhuku wamba, komanso ku Europe. Pali zabwino zambiri zokhala nkhuku zazing'ono:

• nyama yawo ndi yokoma kwambiri komanso yofewa, kuwonjezera apo, mbalame zimayamba kulemera msanga.
• idyani zakudya zilizonse, ndikuyamwa zakudya zonse zam'menemo,
• Ndi mtundu uti womwe uli ndi mazira akuluakulu? Zosadabwitsa kuti, nkhuku yophika nyama imakhala ndi mazira akuluakulu, kuposa nyama ina yonse,
• mbalame zili chete komanso chete, osang'amba dziko lapansi.

Nkhuku zazing'ono zimakhalanso ndi zinthu zingapo:

1. ali ndi miyendo yochepa komanso thupi lochepera,
2. Crestst ndi wocheperako, wopangidwa ndi masamba. Chifukwa cha izi, sizimazizira ngakhale kutentha kwambiri.
3. maula ndi onenepa komanso okhazikika. Imatha kukhala yoyera, yakucha kapena yofiyira.

Nkhuku zotere zimakula bwino, koma nkhuku zimakonda kutentha. Kutentha kwa mpweya sikuyenera kutsika kuposa 35 digiri. Potere, pafupifupi anthu onse adzapulumuka. Ndi sabata iliyonse yotsatira, kutentha kuyenera kuchepetsedwa ndi madigiri awiri.

Kulemera kwa nkhuku ndi 2.7 kg ndipo kwa roosters ndi 3 kg. Nyama ya mbalame imakoma kwambiri, ndipo chifukwa choti mafuta amagawidwa pakati pa minofu, imakhalanso yaphikidwe. Amakhala ndi kupanga mazira abwino (mpaka mazira 179 pachaka omwe akulemera magalamu 60).

Mitundu yabwino kwambiri ya nyama yankhuku

Nthawi zambiri nkhuku zazing'ono zomwe zimakhala ndi nyama P11 - Rhode Island ndi B33 - Leggorn. Hens amathamanga bwino mosasamala kanthu za nthawi ya chaka. Chifukwa cha kukula kwake kakang'ono, gulu la nkhuku silifuna malo ambiri.

Nkhuku 10-11 zitha kuyikidwa pa 1 mita imodzi. Roosters ndi wodekha, osati ankhanza. Nkhuku zimadziwika ndi kusuntha, mphamvu. Amakula mwachangu ndipo amayamba kuikira mazira kale miyezi isanu ndi umodzi ndi itatu.

Mbalame zimadya chakudya chilichonse, zimamwa michere yonse. Kuchulukitsa kwa mazira m'chaka choyamba cha moyo ndi magalamu 55, koma kenako amatha kukula mpaka magalamu 64-66. Nkhuku zimatha kulimidwa paliponse komanso kunja. Zambiri mwazambiri za mbalamezi zitha kuwoneka mu kanema "P11 Mini -kukhu".

Nkhani yapita Nkhani yotsatira →

Kuphatikiza pa mitundu isanu ya nkhuku 700 yomwe ikudziwika masiku ano, palinso mitundu, mitundu yosakanizidwa ndi mitanda. Chaka chilichonse, asayansi amatulutsa mndandandawu ndi mitundu yatsopano, yabwino. Koma chochititsa chidwi kwambiri kwa obereketsa ndizoweta zazing'ono, kapena nkhuku zazing'ono - zimakhala ndi kulemera kochepa thupi, ndizothandiza kusunga ndikuweta. Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa nkhuku zazing'onoting'ono, zomwe zimasankha kusankha ulimi ndi momwe angazisamalire - mopitilira malembawo.

Kufotokozera

Zoweta zazingwe ndi dera lodzigawanika paulimi wa nkhuku. Ngakhale mitundu iliyonse ndi yosiyana, aliyense ali ndi chikhalidwe chake - kulemera kopepuka komanso thupi lofanana.

Tcherani khutu! Mitundu yotalikirana kwambiri imakhala ndi kupulumuka kwakukulu komanso chitetezo chokwanira. Zofunikira pakukonza ndi kudyetsa - munthu.

Zosiyanasiyana

Mdziko lapansi pali mitundu ingapo yazing'ono yowerengeka - yodziwika osati yopitilira muyeso.

Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri ndi iyi:

• mitundu yaying'ono ya nkhuku,
• mazira mini.

Pali oimira ochepa amtundu wa zokongoletsera, koma malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa ziweto ndi kutchuka, sangathe kupikisana ndi nyama ndi mtundu wa dzira. Otsatirawa ndikuwunika mwachidule mitundu yaying'ono yotchuka ya mini.

Mitundu ya Mini-nyama P-11

Mitunduyi, yowetedwa ndi obereketsa ku VNITIP, idalandira dzina la code - P-11. Mtunduwu ndi chifukwa cha kudutsa kwa Rhode Island ndi onyamula mtundu wamtunduwu. P-11 ndi mtundu wa nkhuku zosokoneza, kufotokozera komwe kumabwereza zomwe oimira Rhode Island amasiyana pang'ono:

• kulemera kwa thupi mpaka ma kilogalamu 2.3 mwaimuna,
• kulemera kwa nkhuku - mpaka makilogalamu 1.8,
• metatarsus afupi
• chaching'ono, chisa chowongoka.

Mini-nsapato za mtundu P-11

Pali mitundu iwiri ya mitundu ya ma P-11:

Yang'anani! Tambala P-11 amasiyanitsidwa ndi nkhuku ndi nthenga zobiriwira zakuda ndi nthenga za mchira.

Tambala woyeserera bwino amangobwereza kuyimilira kwachikhalidwe cha Rhode Island, ali ndi thupi lomwelo, amakhala ndi mafupa komanso chifuwa chachikulu. Nkhuku zimakhala ndi bere komanso m'mimba pang'ono, mthunzi wowoneka bwino.

Mbidzi zachikasu zakuda zimasiyanitsidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa mazira - zimatulutsa mazira 200-240 pachaka. Kukonzekera kuyambira pamasabata a 8-10 a moyo. Koma, zoyenera komanso zochulukirapo kuzisonyeza zomasulira zimadalira mwachindunji pakudya.

Mini dzira mini V-33

Nkhuku zopezeka podutsa zonyamula mtundu wamtunduwu ndi Leggorn.Kusiyana kwakunja pakati pa amuna ndi akazi a leghorn B-33 kumawonetsedwa patebulopo.

Zofunika! Ngati pali chizindikiro chaching'ono, kapena cholemera kuposa thupi la 1.7 makilogalamu, mbalamezo zimatha kunyongedwa. Samazigwiritsa ntchito kubereka, koma amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati nyama.

Nkhuku zocheperako

Mtundu wa nkhuku zokongoletsera ndi malo owonjezerapo chidwi osonkhanitsa ndi obereketsa amitundu ina. Pakati pa oimira mitundu yazing'ono pali otchuka kwambiri.

1. Milfler ndi nkhuku yanthambi ya ku France yokhala ndi mbiri yosankhidwa yosadziwika. Mbalame zimasiyanitsidwa ndi mtundu wamitundu mitundu, wamtundu wowerengeka komanso thupi laling'ono. Kulemera kuyambira 700 g mpaka 1.4 makilogalamu, kupanga mazira - mazira 120 pachaka.
2. Kokhinhin - cholembedwa chaching'ono cha ku China cha oimira nyama otchuka. Pali mitundu pafupifupi 10. Makhalidwe ake osiyana ndi mafupa otupa ndi minofu, mitundu yapamwamba komanso chivundikiro cha nthenga. Masamba amtundu wa kokhinhin adakutidwa ndi nthenga mpaka nsonga za zala.
3. Shabo - Japan bantamka, palibe wamkulu kuposa njiwa. Zimalemera pafupifupi 500-800 g. Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mitundu, motero palibe zofunika kwambiri kuti mtundu wa nthenga ukhale. Kusiyana kwake ndi mchira wautali wotuluka pamwamba pamsana kumbali yakumanja. Thupi limakhala laling'ono, lalitali.

Zambiri! Mitundu yakale kwambiri yomwe idazindikira Fayumi. Mbalame ya ku Egypt idalipo kale nthawi yathu ino, koma idavomerezedwa movomerezeka mu 1940. Fayumi ndiocheperako ndipo amalembedwera m'ndandanda wa mitundu yotetezedwa, chifukwa chake zinthu zothandizika zimatha kupezeka kuchokera ku ma gene komanso kwa okhometsa anzawo.

Fayumi Mini Kuku

1. Amakhala malo ocheperako - kuvomerezedwa kovuta kachulukidwe kamakhala kawiri kawiri.
2. Iwonso wopanda zonyozeka m'zakudya.
3. Gwiritsani 30% chakudya chochepa.
4. Amadwala pafupipafupi.

Mtundu wamtundu wamtundu wa cell ndi njira yomaliza. Njira yotere yosinthira nyumba kwa mbalame imachepetsa kubereka kwake komanso chiyembekezo chamoyo. Njira yabwino ndi yaulere, kapena nyumba yokhala ndi bwalo lopanda malire.

Zofunika! Mtundu woti musankhe zimatengera umunthu wa mbalameyo. Nkhuku za mazira a Mini ndizovuta kwambiri, osalekerera malo omwe atsekedwa, motero amalimbikitsidwa kuti azisungidwa mwaulere. Kukhala moyo wongokhala kumakhudza zomwe akuchita.

Bwalo la nkhuku loyenda liyenera kukhala ndi:

• kudyetsa ufa
• woledzera
• chidebe chamchenga ndi phulusa,
• utoto kapena pogona potentha kapena mvula,
• kuthekera ndi miyala yaying'ono.

Malamulo oyendetsera kudya ndi omwewo, koma polingalira za mtunduwu, mfundo zotsatirazi ziyenera kukumbukiridwa:

• katatu kudyetsa kumalimbikitsidwa chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa kagayidwe,
• Zakudya 50% zozizira zimakhala ndi chakudya champhamvu,
• munthawi yake kuyeretsa, kuwonjezeka kwa mafuta m'zakudya ndi 10-15% ndikofunikira,
• mu kasupe ndi chilimwe - kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni ndi calcium.

Kuswana

Tcherani khutu! Zomwe zimapangitsa kuti makulitsidwe a ana aang'ono a P-11 ndi B-33 afowoke - izi ndi zotsatira za kusintha kwa majini komwe adapitilira.Kuti mupeze ana, gwiritsani ntchito chofungatira kapena muikire mazira pansi pa nkhuku yogwira ku mitundu ina.

Mini-nsapato za mtundu B-33

Chinsinsi cha kuswana bwino:

• sankhani okhawo oyimira abere mu gulu la makolo,
• ikani mazira akuluakulu kuti azitsekerera,
• onani dzira lililonse pa ovoscope,
• perekani chitsulo cha ana ndi chilichonse chofunikira kuti chisavute kuchoka pachisa.

Maonekedwe a anapiye amapezeka masiku 20 mpaka 21. Kusamaliranso komanso kudyetsa ana kumachitika motsatira malamulo onse.

Ubwino ndi zoyipa

Ubwino ndi kuwonongeka kwa nkhuku zazing'ono ndi zofunikira. Poyerekeza ndi nkhuku zodziwika bwino, ali ndi izi:

• Kukula mwachangu
• kucha kucha
• bata
• kuchuluka kwa ntchito
• zopatsa chidwi
• kuchepa thupi
• metatarsus afupi
• mazira ochepa.

Nkhuku zazing'onoting'ono ndiye njira yabwino kwambiri yopangira mabanja ndi anthu wamba. Kulera ana ochepa nkhuku sikutanthauza maluso apadera komanso chidziwitso. Izi ndi zoweta zokhala ndi kutembenuka kwakukulu kwamakolo, zosowa zochepa pazofunikira komanso kupulumuka kwakukulu.

Kubereketsa nkhuku mnyumba ndi mwayi wabwino kwambiri wopangira mazira ndi nyama, zomwe zimatha kupeza ndalama zowonjezera zabanja. Izi zimakuthandizani kuti muzigwiritsa ntchito zinyalala za m'nyumba komanso khitchini podyetsa mbalame. Kuphatikiza apo, zogulitsa nkhuku zimakhala ndi thanzi labwino kwambiri.

Mazira a nkhuku ali ndi 12-13% ya mapuloteni osakonzeka, komanso mavitamini ambiri. Kupezeka kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nkhuku kumapangitsa kuti nyama zizipeza mitundu yambiri.

Nyama ya nkhukuyo ndi m'gulu la zakudya. Ili ndi mapuloteni a 18-24%, omwe ali ndi kuchuluka kwa ma amino acid. Zogulitsa kuchokera ku nkhuku zankhuku, monga chimfine, nthenga komanso kubala ndizofunikira kwambiri. Mapilo, mabedi a nthenga ndi zofunda amapangidwa kuyambira woyamba ndi wachiwiri. Koma chomalizachi chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati feteleza wa mbewu zam'munda.

Kwa banja, zilibe kanthu kuti ndi mbalame yanji yomwe ikhoza kubereka. Mwachitsanzo, nkhuku zimatha kusungidwa munthawi iliyonse komanso nyengo yankhokwe.

Chofunikanso ndi nkhani yachuma pa ulimi. Ndiye kuti, tingachepetse bwanji chakudya? Vutoli litha kuthana ndi vuto lanu ngati mutaswana nyama zazing'ono zam'madzi, zomwe zimakhala ndi mitundu yambiri. Nkhuku zazing'ono zimakhala zopanda chidwi. Kugwiritsa ntchito pakudya ndi 130 g pamutu. Mutha kusunga mbalamezi kuposa nkhuku wamba. Mutha kuwaberekera mu khola, aviary.

Amakumi a mitundu iyi amakhala odekha. Simungachite mantha kuwaulula kuti ayende. Sizingavulaze bwalo lanu. Ngakhale amphaka achichepere ali amsika wa nyama, mazira awo ndi abwino kwambiri ndipo ndi akulu kwambiri. Ndipo nyama ya nkhuku imayamikiridwa chifukwa cha kukoma kwake kwakukulu.

Nthawi zambiri, nkhuku zazing'ono zimalemera makilogalamu 2.6 ndipo zazimuna zimalemera 3 kg. Mitundu ya nthenga imatha kukhala yosiyana kwambiri: yoyera, yofiyira, yofiyira, yakuda komanso yakuda. Kwa nthawi yayitali, nkhukuzi zimapangidwira ntchito yokongoletsera komanso ngati nkhuku. Masiku ano, akukulidwa kuti apangitse nyama ndi mazira.

Chiyambi

Mitundu yaying'ono yamitundu itatu idapangidwa: fawn, ofiira komanso oyera. Mtundu wocheperako umakhala mwanjira iliyonse pamizere iliyonse. Kuti zitheke, ntchito yosankha idachitika.

Mukamagwiritsa ntchito kuswana:

Akatswiri aku VNITIP, omwe amakhala mumzinda wa Sergiev-Posad ku Moscow Region, adathandizira kupanga mtundu watsopano.

Zotsatira zake, zinali zotheka kuweta mtundu wa nkhuku zokhala ndi mazira okwanira, kuthamanga kwambiri kulemera komanso mwayi wopitirizanso kuswana pazinthu zina.

Kuti mupeze nkhuku zapamwamba kwambiri, opanga amalimbikitsa ndipo.

Mbalameyi sikufunikira ku Russia kokha, komanso m'maiko aku Europe. Kutchuka kwake kukuchulukirachulukira.

Kuphatikiza pa nkhuku zanyama za ku Russia za nyama ku Europe, zazing'ono, brahm ndi zoweta.

Zoweta

Mitunduyo, ngakhale imapanga dzira lalitali, imadziwika ndi omwe akupanga kumeneku kuti azitsogolera.

Nkhuku za kukula kwakanthawi kokhala ndi minofu yolukidwa bwino zimapatsa kuchuluka kwa nyama yomwe siyotsika kwenikweni ndi nkhuku yokhazikika (osati yosungirako) chifukwa cha mafupa opepuka.

Kwa munthu m'modzi patsiku, ndi chakudya chokwanira magalamu a 125 g, ngati nkhuku yopita ku dzira.

Mitundu ya nkhuku

Mitundu iwiri ya mitundu yomwe imakonda kubereka imapezeka kwambiri mdziko muno. Zinalengedwa ku Russia ndipo zimasinthasintha kwambiri ndi nyengo yankhanza.

Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tomwe timapezeka ku Europe sitigwirizana kwambiri ndi nyengo zoyipa, timafunikira kutentha m'nyumba, ndipo kukonza kumakhala kovuta.

Rhode Islands (P-11)

Mini-mwana wankhuku wokhala ndi maonekedwe akuda-akuda. Mtundu wa nyama ndimakoma komanso zakudya. Kupanga mazira ndikokwanira. Mowirikiza amayamba pa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi.

Thanzi labwino. Zilumba za Rhode sizidwala ndipo zimayamba kuphedwa. Amazolowera kukhala ndi mwini wakeyo ndikugwirizana modekha ndikulumikizana ndi anthu.

Ili ndi mtundu wa nthenga zoyera komanso thupi looneka ngati mpanda, womwe ndi nkhuku ya mazira. Zakudya zopatsa thanzi ndi gawo limodzi lachitatu kuposa nkhuku zodziwika bwino.

Khalidwe ndi kupsa mtima

Mitundu yadyera yakadyedwe ili bata. Mbalame sizimakonda kumenya nkhondo mnyumbayo, ndipo ngakhale amuna mwamtendere amadziwa bwino kukhalapo kwa mdani.

Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono timakhala chete osavutitsa ena ndikulira.Sangokhala ndi mantha. Ngati ndi kotheka, amatha kudzilimira okha.

Kukhala mwamtendere kumapangitsa kuti nkhuku zambiri zizikhala ndi nkhuku zina ngakhale zinziri.

Ma miyendo afupiafupi salola nyama zazing'ono kuti zimire pansi ndipo zimatha kutulutsidwa kuti ziziyenda kunja kwa mpanda ngati palibe mphukira zazing'ono pabedi: azizidya.

Kupanga mazira

Zigawo zimatulutsa mazira pafupifupi 200 pachaka. Kulemera kwawo ndi 60 g.

Mikhalidwe yapadera yokonza ndi kusamalira nkhuku siyofunikira. Mitundu ya nyama yaying'ono, imafunikira chimodzimodzi monga mbalame yokhazikika. Ndikwabwino kuziwasunga mu nkhuku yabwino ndi kuyenda, m'malo mwa osayenera.

Mnyumba ya nkhuku, ndikofunikira kuwonjezera zowononga ndikuzisintha kwathunthu mchaka.

Kudyetsa

Kwa munthu m'modzi patsiku, chakudya cha 125-130 g chofunikira. Mukamadya nyama, ndikosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito chakudya chamagulu am'madzi. Zigawo zimadyetsedwa chimodzimodzi ndi nkhuku yokhazikika, koma zimachepetsedwa m'malo.

Zoyenera ndi tirigu, masamba, udzu ndi phala lonyowa.

Mukamaweta nkhuku, kudyetsa kwawo kumachitika ndi chakudya chamakedzana. Akamakula amasinthidwa kudyetsa mwachilengedwe kwambiri.

Kuswana

Nkhuku zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zokhazokha kuti zizipeza njira zoyambira zokhazokha zapamwamba. Kwa ana abwino kwambiri, tambala wa Cornish amakhala pamiyendo yaying'ono.

Palibe chanzeru chofuna kukhalira mu mtundu, ndipo dzira limayikidwa mu chofungatira kapena chotsekedwa ndi nsoti za mitundu ina. Mphamvu yotentha ya nkhuku imafunikira broiler yofanana ndi imeneyo.

Kodi ndingagule kuti mazira ndi nkhuku za mtundu uwu?

Mutha kugula nkhuku ndi makulitsidwe ku mafamu a nkhuku komanso m'mafamu ang'onoang'ono omwe amagwira nkhuku zosakhala zosakanizidwa.

Nkhuku zopezeka kuchokera ku nkhuku zazing'ono za nyama ndi ma rozi a Cornish nthawi zambiri zimagulitsidwa pamafamu.

Kafotokozedwe ka mtundu sikudziwika ngati izi.

Maonekedwe a Quail

Thupi la zinziri limafikira masentimita 18 mpaka 22. Wachikulire amalemera kuchokera magalamu 90 mpaka 140. Mtundu waukulu wa zinziri ndimtundu wachikasu, komwe mitundu yakuda ndi imvi imasakanikirana.

Thupi lapamwamba la mbalamezo ndi lofiirira wowoneka bwino wokhala ndi mikwingwirima yamdima yakuda ndi mawanga amaso amdima. Mikwingwirima yocheperako imakongoletsa mutu. Alinso pamwamba pamaso. Khosi laimuna limakhala ndi maonekedwe owoneka bwino, ndipo la akazi limakhala lowala kwambiri, pomwe pali timiyala tofiirira. Masamba ofanana omwe amakongoletsa mbali komanso thupi latsikulo la akazi. Kwa amuna, torso yam'munsi imakhala ndi mtundu wowala. Mlomo ndi wofiirira, miyendo imapakidwa utoto wowala. Quail nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi maso a bulauni. Mchira wa mbalamezi ndi waufupi, mapiko ndi aatali. Mbalameyi imawoneka yokongola komanso yokongola.

Quail imakhala ndi mtundu wokongola kwambiri.

Makhalidwe

Nkhuku zazing'onoting'ono zophukira ku Russia, Zagorsk Institute of Poult m'chigawo cha Moscow. Adagawidwa kunja kwa Russian Federation, kuphatikizapo UK, France ndi maiko ena. Amakula ngati malo amtundu wofanana ndi olima ma broiler. Mtundu wocheperako wa nkhuku, ngati ungafunike, umagwiritsidwa ntchito pobereka mitanda yowuma.

Nyumba zambiri pang'ono zidasinthidwa kuswana kwa broiler kukhala nkhuku zazing'ono. Amapereka zachuma ndi nyama ndi dzira.

Kubwezeretsanso nyama yapang'onopang'ono ndikotheka kokha ndi kulima kwayekha "mwa iko kokha." Kuti musunge ziweto zathanzi, muyenera kusinthira gulu la kholo mothandizidwa ndi nyama zazing'ono zomwe sizikugwirizana.

Zowetedwa chifukwa chodutsa mitundu ingapo yanyama: Plymouthrock, Leggorn, Rhode Island ndi Cornish. Pali mitundu itatu yayikulu ya nkhuku zazing'ono:

Grey, wosuta, chintz, wakuda. Pali mitundu yophatikiza mitundu yofiira, imvi komanso yoyera. Zinthu Zapadera:

• miyendo yaying'ono yokhala ndi nyama yayikulu,
• Chikondwererocho ndichaching'ono, chowoneka ngati masamba (sichizizira nyengo yozizira),
• maula ndiovuta, wandiweyani,
• olimbitsa thupi, wopingasa.

Kuwonongeka kwa ng'ombe zamkaka ndi nkhuku za Mitundu ina kumabweretsa kuwonongeka.

Mukamadutsa mbalame zamtundu umodzi mu gulu limodzi, ndizotheka kupeza nkhuku za mitundu yosangalatsa.

Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tomwe timakhala tokha kunyumba

Ngati cholinga chanu pakuweta nkhuku ndikupeza nyama ndi mazira onse, ndiye kuti nyama ya mini ndi nkhuku zoyera komanso zachikuda, zomwe zimatenga malo pang'ono, ndizosasamala pokonza ndi kusamalira, komanso kupanga zipatso zambiri, ingakhale njira yabwino.

Za nkhuku zazing'ono

Mitengo ya nkhuku yotchedwa mini-motley motley yapeza ogula, chifukwa chakukulitsa kwawo pafamu yaying'ono.

Minimusky adawoneka ku Zagorsk Institute yomwe ili kudera la Moscow, akugwira ntchito yolima nkhuku.

M'mayiko ambiri ku Europe, mitundu yankhuku yaying'ono yasinthanitsa ndi oyimira nkhuku wamba. Tambala tating'ono tating'ono ndi nkhuku zofiira ndi zoyera zatchuka kwambiri ndi nyumba za nkhuku za ku France ndi ku England, chifukwa cha nyama yawo yambiri komanso dzira. Ku Russia, amakabereka ndikugulitsa mini-tambala ndi nkhuku ku Yekaterinburg, Sergiev Posad, Podolsk, Orekhovo-Zuevo.

Kufotokozera mwatsatanetsatane kwa miyezo yomwe aliyense payekhapayekha wa mtundu wa mini-hens amakwanira imaphatikizapo magawo owoneka bwino:

• kukula kochepa komanso kulemera pang'ono kwa nkhuku ndi ma thukuta,
• zazifupi kwambiri
• mafinya olimba.

Kulemera kwa oimira mini-kumasiyana kuchokera ku 2,5-2.7 kg ya nkhuku mpaka mpaka makilogalamu 3.0 a tambala. Kupanga mazira wamba ndi zidutswa 170, zomwe zimatha kupitilira izi popanga zinthu zabwino kwambiri kuti zizisungidwa komanso kudyetsedwa. Dzira limalemera 50-60 g.

• kuchuluka kwa nyama zazing'ono sikotsika 85%,
• kusokonekera - osachepera 80%,
• chitetezo chamunthu wamkulu sichikhala chochepera 90%.

Oimira mitundu yaying'ono ya nyama ya nkhuku akhoza kukhala amodzi mwa mitundu itatu yotheka: yoyera, ya fawn kapena yofiyira.

Ubwino wanyumba yabanja

Mwa zina zabwino za Mitundu ya nkhuku izi, kuwunika kwawo kukuwonetsa:

• kukula kwambiri komanso kukhwima koyambirira,
• kusamala pakugwiritsa ntchito chakudya, kuthamanga kwawo kosavuta komanso kosavuta,
• kuthekera kosunga ndikukula nkhuku mu ndowa ndi zoyendera ndege,
• Kukula kwakukulu kwa mazira komwe wabwera, ngakhale kukula kocheperako
• wabwino komanso wosasinthika
• phindu kuchokera ku gawo lazachuma poteteza malo ndi kuchuluka kwa ndalama zogulira chakudya.

Mwa zolakwa za nkhuku izi ndi:

• kudziwikiratu kuzizira chifukwa cha hypothermia pafupipafupi chifukwa malo ochepa a thupilo chifukwa cha kupindika kwakanthawi,
• makonzedwe akumatenda oyamba ndi matenda osakwanira,
• kufunika kosiyanitsa nkhuku za mitundu yosiyanasiyana chifukwa choletsa kudutsa.

Chipinda

Kupereka mchipinda momwe mbalame zimasungidwira kutentha koyenera, osachepera 35 ° C kwa nkhuku m'milungu yoyamba ya moyo, ndipo osachepera 20 ° C kwa akuluakulu, mitengo yotsalira yopitirira 100% imatheka.

Mukamasunga mbalame zing'onozing'ono nyama zopitilira 12, nyumba za nkhuku zimalimbikitsa kuti zisakanikirane mitundu ina, popeza kudutsana kwawo nthawi zambiri kumapangitsa kufooka kwa chitetezo chathupi komanso kulephera kwa cholowa.

Ndikothekanso kukhala ndi mitundu yaying'ono ya nkhuku zonse m'makola ndi m'malo osungika, komanso pansi. Nthawi yomweyo, malamulo oyeretsera malowa, kusakhazikika kwake, kusowa kwa zolemba ndi kutsatira zofunikira za chinyezi ndizofanana ndikukula ndi kusamalira mtundu wamba wa nkhuku.

Zinthu Zopatsa

Kudyetsa thukuta tating'onoting'ono tating'ono ndi tiziwalo timene timasiyana ndi chakudya cha nkhuku zina mwa kuchuluka kwa chakudya chomwe chimadyedwa. Kuti muwonetsetse kudyetsa nkhuku moyenera, nyumba zankhuku nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsa ntchito zakudya zopangidwa ndi nkhuku zogwirizana ndi m'badwo wa nkhuku, zomwe zimapangidwira mafuta am'madzi, omwe amaphatikizidwa ndi choko ndi ufa (nsomba kapena nyama ndi fupa). Kukula kwachichepere kumatha kudalira zakudya zachilengedwe, zomwe zimakhala ndi kanyumba tchizi ndi zitsamba zatsopano.

Hens B33

Mwinanso amatchedwa leghorn. Mtundu wa nkhuku ndi yoyera. Ndemanga za m'nyumba zikuwonetsa kuti mbalamezi

• pulumuka mu 98% ya milandu
• 40% yochepa kudya kuposa mbalame yayitali
• ochezeka muchikhalidwe
• Khalani omasuka m'malo ochepa, ngakhale muli ndi mkwiyo,
• kuchuluka kwa mazira kumafikira mazira 250 pachaka.

Hens P11

Oimira mtundu wa P11, kapena Roy Island, adziyambitsa okha kuswana ngati mbalame zolimba, zopatsa chidwi komanso zogwira ntchito, zotchulidwa ndi:

• kuyikira mazira oyambirira
• kuthekera kwa zolembedwa zam'manja ndi zowonera,
• chakudya chochepetsedwa (osapitirira 120 g patsiku pamutu).

Mtundu P11 - fawn (ofiira).

Hens B66

Ngakhale siogwira ntchito pamafamu, adakhazikitsa kukhazikika kutchuka pakati pa nyumba za nkhuku ndipo adalandira ndemanga zambiri zabwino.

B66 nkhuku ndizachilengedwe chonse komanso gawo lalikulu lazowongolera nyama. Monga nkhuku zina zazing'ono zazing'ono, mbalamezi zimamangidwa molimba, zokhala ndi thupi loyang'ana komanso miyendo yochepa. Sutiyi pa B66 ndiy yoyera chabe. Kufotokozera za mtunduwu kumaphatikizapo zabwino za nkhuku m'njira zothandiza:

• Kutulutsa mazira pakati pa nkhuku ndi mazira 180 olemera 50-65 g kuti athe kuonjezera chizindikiro ichi mpaka 250 ndi chisamaliro choyenera komanso chopatsa thanzi.
• kukhwima koyambirira, kuchuluka kwa dzira ndi 93,
• Zisonyezero zakutha kwa nkhuku - 85-87% yokhala ndi malire mpaka 95%,
• maubwino azachuma akugwiritsidwa ntchito pakudya - mpaka 35% poyerekeza ndi mtengo wa nkhuku zoweta,
• chitonthozo cha ma cellular ndi pansi zili zofanana.

Nkhuku zazing'onozing'ono: momwe mungasungire ndikusamalira?

Sikuti mlimi aliyense ali ndi famu yayikulu, koma ichi sichiri chifukwa chokana kugula nkhuku zofunikira zake. Nkhuku zazing'onozing'ono sizifuna malo ambiri. Iwo ndi ang'onoang'ono, choncho simuyenera kumanga chipinda chachikulu kuti azikonza.

Mbiri yakubala

Pali mitundu itatu yayikulu ya nyama ya nkhuku yaying'ono:

Mapulogalamu onse atatuwa ali ndi mtundu wamtundu wobiriwira. Adalandira chifukwa chosankha kwakanthawi komanso ntchito yolimba. Kuti apange mtunduwu, Plymouth Rocks, Leghorn, Cornish, ndi Rhode Islands adagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Mpaka pano, zokondedwa za nkhuku zanyama zazing'ono zimaperekedwa kuti zithe:

• zopangira dzira
• ochenjera achinyamata kukula
• woweta bwino ng'ombe zazikazi. Pakadali pano, amawokedwa ndi nkhuku za wopanga wamkulu wa nyama yayikulu. Zotsatira zake, nyama zanzeru zoweta zimabadwa, nyama yawo imakoma.

Kusamalira ndi chisamaliro

Mitundu ya Mini nyama imasiyanitsidwa ndi kukula kwake, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti safuna malo ambiri kuti azikonza, chipindacho chitha kupangidwa chochepa kwambiri. Palibe chobisika, ndikofunikira kutsatira mfundo izi:

1. Mitundu ya Mini nyama imasinthasintha bwino nyengo yamtambo wapakati. Sayenera kupanga njira yotentha. Koma kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yachisanu, mwiniwake amayenera kusamalira zowonjezera zowunikira kuti kupanga mazira kumakhalabe pamlingo.
2. Chipindacho chizikhala ndi zisa komanso zopondera.
3. Kuphatikizika kwa nkhuku kumayenera kuperekedwa ndi mpweya wabwino, koma nthawi yomweyo kupewa kupezeka kwa kusodza.
4. Zofunda zizikhala zowuma komanso zoyera. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito udzu, udzu kapena utuchi kuti muchite izi. Ndikofunikira kusanja mwadongosolo kuti isaphike, kuchotsa malo okhala ndivuto ndi kuwonjezera zigawo zatsopano ngati pakufunika.

Nkhuku zomwe zatsala kuti zilandire nyama zitha kusungidwa munthawi yochepa. Ali ndi mawonekedwe odabwitsa, odekha, motero amatha kukhala osayenda. Komabe zingakhale bwino ngati mbalamezo zingakhale nthawi yayitali pabwalo loyendamo kuti zipeza msipu kapena masamba atsopano.

Khalidwe la Quail komanso zakudya

Zomwe zimakhazikitsidwa ndi zakudya zimaphatikizapo mbewu, mbewu za mbewu ndi tizilombo. Kusaka zakudya ndikudya za zinziri m'mawa ndi madzulo. Masana, mbalame zimapuma. Quail - mbalame yolimbirana, yothamanga, yokalamba ndi yodumphirapo. Mbalame izi zimayenda bwino komanso mwachangu. Chokani ndi phokoso. Kwa nthawi yozizira amapita kumadera akumwera. Kuuluka kwawo kumayamba kumayambiriro kwa Seputembala. Gulu la nkhosa la Quail limasamukira. Izi zisanachitike, mbalamezo zimadyetsa bwino m'minda ndi minda ya chimanga. Akauluka, mbalame zambiri zimafa, izi zimachitika makamaka panyanja. Titafika kumtunda, zinziri zotopa zimatsikira pa iyo ndikupuma. Akakhala ndi mphamvu, amapita kumanda.

Anthu ambiri amabzala zinziri kunyumba, chifukwa cha nyama yokoma ndi mazira athanzi.

Mazira a mbalamezi amadyedwa ndi anthu. Zimakhudzana ndi zakudya zamagulu. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito pochiza matenda osiyanasiyana. Mazira a Quail ali ndi mavitamini azitsulo, potaziyamu, phosphorous ndi B. Chifukwa cha izi, kuswana kwa mbalamezi kwakhala kutchuka, makamaka chifukwa mbalamezi zimasilira chakudya komanso chisamaliro, komanso zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe abwino. Mbalame zimakondwera ndi nyimbo zosangalatsa, ndipo zazikazi zimayikirabe mazira tsiku lililonse. Quail imadziwika ndi kutentha kwambiri kwa thupi, motero satenga matenda ambiri opatsirana omwe amadziwika ndi mbalame zina. Chifukwa chake, mazira awo mulibe zinthu zachipatala.

Mazira a Quail poyerekeza ndi nkhuku.

Khalidwe kapena kupsya mtima

Khalidwe lake ndilodekha, osati laphokoso. Poyerekeza ndi Mitundu ina, yosakhala yankhanza. Khola limodzi limatha kukhala ndi tiziwiri tambiri. Sadzalimbana, izi zimalepheretsa kuvulala. Ngakhale m'malo m'modzi mwa anyani amphongo ndikusintha mtundu watsopano wa Cornish. Ndikusunga misewu, mbalame sizimakumba pansi chifukwa cha zazifupi. Amatha kutulutsidwa popanda zovuta kuyenda.

Khalani bwino ndi mbalame zina: abakha, atsekwe, akambuku. Izi zikuyenera kuphatikizanso ngati nkhukuzi sizikhala zopanda mtundu. Mitundu yaulere kuwonjezera apo imasunga chakudya: zimangofunika kudya kwamadzulo ndi chisakanizo cha tirigu kapena chakudya chamagulu.

Kukula nkhuku zazing'ono zam'madzi ndizothandiza: zipatso zake zimaphatikizapo nyama yokoma ndi mazira akuluakulu mu chipolopolo cholimba. Ubwino wa mtundu:

• kukula kwa mbalame
• kukhathamiritsa kulemera kambiri ndi zakudya zochepa zamafuta,
• michere yazakudya zomwe zimamwa kwambiri momwe mungathere,
• zosankha zingapo: ma cellular, ma aviaries,
• nkhuku yaying'ono ndiyofunika. Pafupifupi chakudya chaching'ono cha nkhuku chawerengedwa.
• nkhuku zoyala ndizabereka zipatso zamtundu wa mazira,
• kutha kunenepa kwa nyama m'miyezi iwiri mpaka itatu,

Ubwino wa nkhuku za mtundu uwu ndi monga: kusasamala, kumwa chakudya chochepa - masamba 120-130 okha amadyedwa pamutu patsiku, komanso kupanga mazira abwino.

Kusintha tambala ndi watsopano, Mitundu ya Cornish imapanga mbadwa za broiler zomwe zikukula msanga ndi nyama yabwino. Nkhuku zimayankha bwino kudyetsa kwake. Kodi mukufuniranji tambala mu chakudya cha nkhuku kuuza zinthu izi.

• kulemera kochepa poyerekeza ndi Mitundu "yayikulu",
• kulephera kusakanikirana ndi mitundu ina (kumabweretsa kufooka kwa chitetezo chokwanira, pang'onopang'ono kusinthika kwa khola).

Uku ndi mtundu wa "pakokha" womwe ungapereke zabwino.

Zopatsa

Makulidwe makamaka ngati mtundu wa nyama. Nyama ndi yokoma komanso yofewa. Chifukwa cha mafuta apakatikati, imakoma kwambiri. Mosiyana ndi mitundu ina ya nyama, amapanga mazira abwino. Nkhuku zazing'onoting'ono zimayikira mazira akuluakulu mu chipolopolo cholimba.

Zomera za herd:

• kuthekera kwa nkhuku 80 - 85%,
• kupulumuka kwa nyama zazing'ono mpaka 99%,
• chitetezo chachikulu mpaka 90%.

Kulemera kwa dzira kumafika magalamu 60. Ndikofunika kuwongolera kulemera kwawo pobereka bwino abusa. Zizindikiro pamibadwo yosiyana:

• M'miyezi iwiri, kulemera kwa amuna kumakhala kilogalamu imodzi, zazikazi mpaka magalamu 850,
• pa miyezi itatu, tambala ayenera kulemera mpaka kilogalamu 1.7, mahekitala mpaka 1.5 kilogalamu,
• Pazaka 4, zazikazi zimapeza ma kilogalamu awiri, zisa za 2,5 kilogalamu.

Ma boti omwe amatsala pang'ono kulemera kwambiri amalimbikitsidwa kuti achotsedwe kwa gulu la ng'ombe.

Kusiyana kwakukulu kuchokera ku mitundu ina ndi kukula kwa mbalame zazikulu. Sakufuna malo akulu kuti atukule kwathunthu. Milandu yayikulu:

• Nyumba youma yopanda zida,
• kuyenda koyenda (mwachitsanzo, cholembera)
• kutsatira ukhondo (kuyeretsa pafupipafupi, kudziyeretsa pang'onopang'ono ndikofunikira).

Mukamadalira nkhuku, zimangosungidwa m'khola lokha. Amatha kuchita popanda kuyenda, koma izi zimakongoletsa thanzi la gulu la makolo.

Nthenga za nkhuku zazifupi zimatha kukhala zodetsedwa chifukwa cha miyendo yophukira. Chimodzi mwazinthu zazikulu zofunikira kuti zikhale bwino ndikukhala aukhondo.

Kuyenda

Nkhuku zazing'onoting'ono zimalekerera mosavuta zinthu popanda kuyenda. Akamadya nyama, amasangalala m'malo. Chifukwa chokhala phee, samenyera nkhondo gawo. Kuyenda zomwe zilipo kumakhalanso ndi zabwino zake:

• zimalemeretsa zakudya zamafuta abwino,
• imalola mbalame kutenga mchenga ndi phulusa losambira.

Kuyenda pafupipafupi kumalimbitsa thanzi, kumawonjezera chidwi cha kuyala nkhuku.

Mukamadalira nkhuku, zimangosungidwa m'khola lokha. Amatha kuchita popanda kuyenda, koma izi zimakhudza thanzi la gulu la kholo.

Musalole kuti gulu lankhondo litulutsedwe kapena kulowa pabwalo lamvula pomwe pamagwa mvula. Chifukwa cha kufupika kwa mbalamezo, chifuwa chawo, m'mimba ndi mapiko awo zimadetsedwa.

Kuku coop

Maziko a kusamalidwa koyenera ndi nkhuku yotenthetsera yotsekeredwa bwino, koma osakonzekera. Ikayikidwa, zinthu zotsatirazi zimaganiziridwa:

• kuwunikira kowonjezerapo nyengo yachisanu (popanda izi, magawo atayala amachepetsa zokolola),
• makamaka zachigoba ndi zisa zabwino. Werengani za zisa zakugonetsa nkhuku.
• mpweya wabwino mu nkhuku,
• Zinyalala zouma, zoyera (zimalepheretsa kuipitsidwa)

Ngati palibe kutentha kwambiri, nkhuku zimatha kuthira popanda kutentha. Nyumba yabwino yokhala ndi zisa zomwe zili ndi zida ndizofunikira kuyikira nkhuku.

Chimodzi mwazinthu zofunikira kuti ulimi wa nkhuku upambane.

Pamafunika kuyatsa ndi mpweya wabwino. Popanda kuwunikira kowonjezerapo nthawi yachisanu, zazikazi zimasiya kuthamanga.

Zisamaliro zapadera zimangofunika nkhuku zokhazo masiku oyambilira. Kutentha m'chipindacho kuyenera kukhala 34 - 36 C. Pakutha masabata awiri nyama zazing'ono zimatha kusinthidwa kukhala nkhuku wamba. Ulamuliro wa kutentha ndi 18 - 20 C. Lamulo lalikulu la chisamaliro ndi ukhondo:

• zinyalala zimasinthidwa kawiri pamwezi,
• maselo ndi zisa zimatsukidwa nthawi zonse, kuphera majakisoni ndi 2% lysol solution kapena mowa woboola,
• Kuyeretsa pafupipafupi kumafunika kawiri pachaka (kumaphatikizapo kupukuta malo onse m'nyumba, kuchapa ndi sopo).

Izi zimalepheretsa kukula kwa matenda opatsirana ambiri, matenda opatsirana ndi tiziromboti.

Nkhuku zotsalira za nyama zimatha kusungidwa. Popeza khalani odekha, ngakhale kholo labwinobwino limatero popanda kuyenda. Komabe, kuthekera kudyetsa mafuta am'mizere kapena msipu wina kumapangitsa dzira kukhala labwino.

Tikusungabe ukhondo, mbalamezo zimakhala zabwino ndi maonekedwe okongola.

Chakudya chopatsa thanzi

Nkhuku zazing'ono zimangofunika magalamu 130 okha patsiku. Kwa nkhuku, chakudya choyambirira chimakhala chakudya choyambirira cha mitundu yanyama. Kuyambira mwezi 1 amapangidwira pang'onopang'ono kupita ku chakudya chachikulire:

• osakaniza mbewu
• nyama-fupa kapena nsomba,
• tchizi tchizi
• amadyera
• udzu
• choko kapena ufa wa chipolopolo,
• chakudya chonyowa.

Kudyetsa nkhuku ndi chakudya chamagulu.

Nkhuku zimaperekedwanso kwa ana.

Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuphatikiza achinyamata a dandelion amadyera, kanyumba tchizi kapena yogati mukudya nkhuku.

Kodi ndimatenda ati omwe angatengeke nawo

Matenda onse amagawika m'magulu atatu:

Matenda opatsirana owopsa a nkhuku:

• pesterellosis (cholera cha mbalame),
• pulorosis (typhoid yoyambitsidwa ndimatumbo oyipa)
• pasteurreliasis (yoyambitsidwa ndi tizilombo apadera - pasteurrels),
• salmonellosis (avian paratyphoid),

Matenda oopsa a virus:

• Matenda a Marek (neurolymphatosis kapena matenda opuwala),
• matenda a bronchitis (nephrosofritis okhudza kupuma ndi impso),
• chimfine cha mbalame (matenda opumira),
• pox nkhuku (kachilombo koyambitsa matenda komwe kamakhudza khungu, mkati mwa mulomo, ziphuphu za maso).

Kwambiri, nkhuku zimakhala ndi matenda amodzi, ndipo zilibe kanthu kuti mukhale ndi nkhuku kapena mtundu wa nyama. Oopsa kwambiri kwa mbalame ndi matenda opatsirana, chifukwa ndiovuta kuchiritsa.

• coccidosis (m'mimba wamagazi, tizilombo ta coccidia timayambitsa matenda),
• colibacillosis (matenda oyambitsidwa ndi E. coli),
• mycoplasmosis (kupuma matenda oyambitsidwa ndi mycoplasma),
• helminths (zimayambitsa kuchepa kwa chilimwe ndi kukhumudwa m'mimba, chifukwa cha zomwe zimapangitsa kuchepetsa thupi).

Komanso, majeremusi akunja amakhumudwitsa mbalame: nkhupakupa, nthenga, ntchentche. Amawapangitsa kukhala amanjenje, anthu okhudzidwa amatha kutulutsa nthenga. Zigawo zimachepetsa zokolola, kuchepetsa thupi. Werengani za katemera wa nkhuku kunyumba.

Kupewa matenda kumaphatikizapo kutsatira zolondola pa malamulo aukhondo, katemera wokakamiza. Pazizindikiro zoyambirira za matendawa, muyenera kupatula mbalame zomwe zikudwala, kukaonana ndi veterinarian.

Kanemayu amakamba za mtundu wa nkhuku zokhudzana ndi kubereka kwawo komanso zabwino zawo.

Mapeto

Nkhuku zazing'ono-nyama - mtundu wa nyama, wogwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chilengedwe. Ndizochepa kwambiri, ndichifukwa chake ali achuma malinga ndi momwe akukula komanso kufunika kwa chakudya. Kupezeka podutsa nyama zingapo: Leghorn, Cornish, Roy Island, Plymouthrock. Zomwe zimasiyanitsa mitundu, kusintha kwa mbalame:

1. Mitundu yadyera ya nkhuku zadyedwa chifukwa chodutsa nyama zingapo.
2. Ndi utoto, agawidwa m'mitundu itatu yayikulu: yoyera, yakucha, yakuda. Mukamadutsa ndizotheka kupeza mitundu yosiyanasiyana.
3. Ubwino wa kuswana ndikukula msanga, munthu wodekha, wosakhala wankhanza, woweta ng'ombe wamphongo. Nyamayo ndi "marble", yowutsa mudyo. Ngakhale kukula kakang'ono, kulemera kwa nkhuku yachikulire ndi kilogalamu 2.7, roosters mpaka atatu. Kuyika kumabweretsa mazira akuluakulu 180 pachaka. Kulemera kwake kumachokera magalamu 45 mwa mbalame zazing'ono mpaka 60 mwa akulu.
4. Mbalame zachikulire zimatha kusintha nyengo. M'nyengo yozizira, kuwotcha sikofunikira, chofunikira chofunikira kwambiri ndicho ukhondo, mpweya wabwino komanso kusowa kwa zokongoletsa. Akadzala kuti ikhale nyama, amatha kusungidwa osayenera kuyenda mu ndege. Kukhala wokhoza kusunthira kunja ndikofunikira kwazuza ndi zigawo.Bwino thanzi, amapereka kudyetsa svezhey1 amadyera. Mukakhala pansi amafunika zinyalala zouma, udzu kapena udzu.
5. Maziko a chakudya ndi chakudya chokwanira cha nyama. mbalame imodzi ndi zokwanira magalamu 130 chakudya patsiku. Zakudyazo zimaphatikizapo tchizi tchizi, chimanga, chakudya chonyowa, udzu ndi fupa. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti muziwadyetsa nkhuku poyamba ndi chakudya cha starter pang'onopang'ono, kuzisintha pang'onopang'ono kuzosakaniza ndi phala.
6. Care zikuphatikizapo wokhazikika kuyeretsa henhouse kapena maselo chofunika disinfection ndipo m'malo nthawi zonse zinyalala.
7. Kupewa matenda owopsa kwa abambo kumaphatikiza kupha tizirombo toyambitsa matenda nthawi yomweyo, katemera komanso kuteteza tiziromboti.

Mukamaweta zazikazi kuchokera pagulu la amayi ndi mbewu za Cornish roosters, ana olera amatha kudzutsidwa.

alimi masiku ano yesetsani kuganizira M'dera lina la ntchito, kotero pankhani kuswana nkhuku malire m'munda wake m'dziko mtundu umodzi. Kwa iwo omwe akufuna kulandira nyama yofanana ndi mazira, pomwe osasokonezeka nthawi imodzi yosunga anthu amitundu yosiyanasiyana, nkhuku zazing'ono za nyama zimakhala zazikulu.

Amapezeka koyamba ku Russia ku Zagorsk Institute of Poultry, yomwe ili kudera la Moscow. Izi nkhuku mini msanga wabweza kuzindikira osati kunyumba komanso ku Ulaya, kumene m'malo mwa Mitundu broiler. Chowonadi ndi chakuti ngakhale ndi cha mtundu wa nyama, chilinso ndi zizindikiritso zapamwamba kwambiri potengera mazira. Chifukwa cha nyumbayi, ndibwino kuswana pachikhalidwe.

Zabwino

Komanso, tisaiwale bata m'mutu mini nkhuku. Itha kuyimitsidwanso poyenda mumsewu, chifukwa sikukumba pansi. Ponena za zokolola, wina sangathe kudziwa mtundu wa mazira a nkhuku yaying'ono. Iwo opondapo kuti bokosi mtundu wa nyama. Ngakhale kuti nkhuku ya mini imakhala nkhuku zambiri m'njira zosiyanasiyana, ili m'gulu la mitundu ya nyama, chifukwa chake nyama yake imakhala yotakasika ndipo amayamikiridwa kwambiri.

Kutulutsa Zinthu

Kuswana nkhuku yaing'ono kunyumba kapena munda amalola popanda kwambiri vuto kupeza broiler nkhuku. Ngati mukutsata ndendende cholinga ichi, ndiye kuti nkokwanira m khola kusinthitsa tambala-imodzi ndi mbalame ya Cornish. Zotsatira zake, mutha kupeza nkhuku zolimba.

Kukula nkhuku nyama mini ndi zabwino kwambiri, m'pofunika yekha kukhalabe kutentha mu chipinda, pamene gulu la anthu amoyo. Mukapanga zonse zofunikira, ndiye kuti nkhuku zana limodzi lipulumuka. Ngati ndi kotheka, mutha kukhala ndi ana a mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Kuti zimenezi zitheke, ng'ombe woyera mini nkhuku ayenera kubzala ofiira ndi wakuda tambala.

Alimi a nkhuku omwe akufuna kubereketsa nyama ya nkhuku zazing'ono ayenera kudziwa kuti kuwonjezera "magazi atsopano" ndi njira yolakwika kwambiri chifukwa imachepetsa kusatetezeka kwa mbalame ndikusintha machitidwe awo obadwa nawo.

Momwe mungakhalire

Ngati mwaganiza kugula mini nkhuku nyama, ndiye muyenera Pre-akonzekeretse nyumba nkhuku kuti kuchepetsa mwayi pamenepo drafts. Komanso ndibwinonso ngati nyumbayo ili ndi zokutira mwapadera. Chofunikira kwambiri pakusunga nkhuku yaying'ono ndikusunga ukhondo woyenera. Chenjezo amenewa amapewa kuipitsidwa nkhuku matenda ambiri. Ndikofunika kuphimba pansi mnyumbayo ndi zinyalala zomwe zitha kuyamwa chinyontho. Tetezani nkhuku zazing'onoting'ono kuchokera ku nthenga kuti zisawonongeke.

A angapo nthawi chaka nyumba kuyeretsa ayenera kuchitika. Maselo amachotseredwa ndi madzi otentha, kenako amawasisita ndi burashi ndi sopo ochapira. Kuwononga kawirikawiri maselo kumakhazikikanso, komwe njira ziwiri zokha za lysol zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.Onetsetsani kuti mukakhala ndi chidwi ndi nyama ya nkhuku, kubwezeretsa kwakukulu kumakupatsani nyama yapamwamba komanso mazira ambiri.

Nkhuku zazing'ono zazing'ono sizingadziwike pachabe kuti ndi mtundu wabwino kwambiri wamtunda woweta. Chowonadi ndi chakuti mbalame izi zimadya pang'ono. Zakudya zawo sizosiyana ndi zakudya wamba nkhuku. Akatswiri amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito ma feed apadera apadera opangira nyama nyama kuti azidyetsa msipu kukula kwa achinyamata. Kuyambira pa milungu inayi yakuyaka, kwa nkhuku ya mini, mutha kuyimitsa chakudya chophatikizika ndi zosakanikirana zabwino za chimanga, momwe nsomba kapena nyama ndi fupa, choko ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya primex imasakanizidwa.

Nkhuku mini nkhuku ndi chisangalalo chachikulu zimadya mitundu yambiri yodulidwa, komanso tchizi tchizi ndi yogati. Mobwerezabwereza mu feeders ayenera kukhalapo miyala ndi chilichonse kuvala mchere. Ngati mungakhale ndi mwayi, perekani mbalameyo ndi mndandanda, kuti izitha kupeza miyala yoyera, masamba azidutswa komanso mphutsi zopatsa thanzi. Pankhaniyi, kunyumba kudya kumakhala kokwanira kumpatsa chakudya ndi zinyalala madzulo.

Kulemera wamba kwa nkhuku imodzi ya mini ndi ma kilogalamu 2.7, tambala samalemera kwambiri - ma kilogalamu atatu okha. Nyama yawo imakhala yofewa kwambiri komanso yokoma chifukwa chakuti mafuta amagawanikanso pakati pa minofu, monga ng'ombe yodziwika bwino. Ichi ndichifukwa chake mukaphika nyama ya nkhuku mini imakhala yowutsa mudyo.

Kuchulukitsa kwa mazira kwa mtundu uwu ndiwokwera kwambiri, ngati tikukumbukira kuti ndi ya mtundu wa nyama. Kwa chaka chimodzi, dzira limodzi litagoneka limatulutsa mazira pafupifupi 170, iliyonse imalemera pafupifupi magalamu 60. Chipolopolo cha mazira chimakhala chosalala ndipo chimakhala cholimba kwambiri.

Malinga ndi ziwerengero, kuchuluka kwa nkhuku zazing'ono ndi 85 peresenti, pomwe 99 peresenti ya nkhuku zimapulumuka, ndipo chitetezo cha mbalame yayikulu chimakhazikika pa magawo makumi asanu ndi anayi. Kutengera ndi deta zotere, ndi bwino kunena kuti nkhuku zazing'ono ndi mtundu wabwino kwambiri woweta kunyumba. Komanso, nkhuku za alimi wamba zitha kupanga izi, chifukwa palibe mikhalidwe yapadera yomwe ingafunikire.

Kanemayo amapereka mawonekedwe a mtundu wa nyama ya nkhuku mini, amapereka malangizo pazomwe zili.

Kukumana ndi dzira la mini-nyama yoyera ndi kucha

Mtundu waku Russia wa nkhuku zang'ombe ndiwotsika mtengo kwambiri kuposa onse oimira njirayi. Kulemera msanga, kupanga mazira okwera kwambiri, kudzipereka kwake pakudyetsa ndi chisamaliro kumapangitsa kuti zizikhala bwino kuti azisungidwa pamafamu ang'onoang'ono komanso malo achisawawa. Phindu limathandizira kukhazikika kwa mbalamezo komanso chinthu chofunikira kwambiri kwa alimi ndikupeza nyama yamtengo wapatali pamitengo yotsika.

Dzira la mini-nyama ndilokulira - 60 magalamu okhala ndi chipolopolo cholimba, choyera ndi zonona. Zizindikiro zakunja kwa kulephera kwake kulera nkhuku: kukhuthala, ming'alu, madontho a buluu, kukula ndi madontho padziko chigobacho. Dzira laing'onoting'ono lomwe limapezeka kuchokera kwa munthu wamkulu loyala nkhuku yosakwana zaka 3 limawonedwa ngati labwino. Musanagone chofungatira, chimayang'aniridwa ndi ovoscope kuti:

• kuyang'ana zolakwika sizinapezeke pakuwunika,
• kudziwa zaka za mluza,
• kuzindikira kwa matenda,
• kuyang'anira chitukuko cha mwana wankhuku.

Gawo lachiwiri pokonzekera chizindikirochi ndi kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi nthunzi ya formaldehyde kapena yankho la bleach (25-30%). Gawo lomaliza ndikusunga mazira pa kutentha koyenera (18C) ndi mpweya chinyezi cha 80%. Kuti zinthu zisinthe, zimasiyidwa kwa maola 48. Nthawi yochotsa nyama yaying'ono mu chofungatira ndi muyezo - masiku 21-22.

Ubwino ndi kuipa kwa mtundu

Oimira nyama ya mini-amakhala chete osakhala chete. Eni ake amatha kuwamasula omasuka. Chifukwa chakuchepa kwa anthuwa, kuwasunga m'thumba kapena chatsekedwa sichingayambitse zovuta. Ubwino wina ndi monga:

• mayamwidwe abwino odyetsa
• kuyikira mazira akuluakulu,
• maula okongola komanso mawonekedwe a scallop.

Mwa minuses, kukula kochepa kwa nkhuku kumadziwika. Mu nyengo yamvula, amakumana ndi m'mimba ndi dothi, zomwe zimabweretsa kukula kwa matenda. Zoyipa zimachotsedwa ndikuletsa kuyenda tsiku lamvula. Vuto lachiwiri - ndi zakudya zopanda thanzi, vuto la miyendo limachitika. Makamaka ngati kusowa kwa zinthu zofunikira kugwera pa gawo la kukula.

Kusamalira ndi Kudyetsa

Njira zazikulu zokomera nkhuku zazing'ono ndi kusakhalapo kwa kukonzekera ndi ukhondo. Pamaso chomera chisanachitike, ndikofunikira kukhazikitsa khoma ndi pansi pa nkhukuyo ndikuwakhazikitsa. Pansi muyenera kuyika zinyalala zotentha za zida zoyamwa (udzu kapena utuchi). Kuti nkhuku zizikhala ndi thanzi komanso kuti zisawoneke, zimasinthidwa pafupipafupi.

Popewa matenda miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, chipinda chimatsukidwa mosamala. Njirayi ili ndi magawo awiri. Choyamba ndi kutsuka maselo ndi burashi wamadzi otentha ndi sopo ochapira. Chachiwiri ndi kupewetsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda (lysol) (ndende 2%) kapena mowa woledzera.

Malamulowa azakudya samapereka zoletsa zilizonse, koma akatswiri amalimbikitsa kuti kuphatikiza chakudya chopangidwira nyama kuti chizisowa mu nkhuku. Akakwanitsa mwezi umodzi, amasinthidwa ndi mbewu zosakanikirana ndi thonje, ufa wa mazira kapena choko, zosafunikira za vitamini.

Ndi kuyenda kwaulere, palibe chifukwa chowonjezera mchere. Nkhuku uzikazipeza zokha, zikudya mphutsi, miyala ing'onoing'ono, udzu. Kwa ana ndi achinyamata adzakhala othandiza:

Zakudya za achikulire zimaphatikizapo: Zakudya zam'madzi ndi nyama, chinangwa, udzu, tirigu ndi nyemba. Ndikofunika kuti usaiwale za madzi oyera a nyama. Amayenera kumwa mokwanira.

Momwe mungayitanitse kapena kugula dzira lokoloweka nkhuku zazing'ono ku Moscow?

Kubala mtundu wa nyama yaying'ono ndi chisankho choyenera. Kugulitsa mazira otchingira limaperekedwa ndi minda yambiri ya nkhuku m'chigawo cha Moscow ndi mabizinesi wamba. Komabe, kuti mupulumutse nthawi yofufuza katundu ndi ndalama kuti nkhuku izikhala bwino, muyenera kulumikizana ndi UPFERM. Mfundo za ntchito yawo:

• kufunsira pa nthawi iliyonse yabwino,
• mitengo yabwino
• mgwirizano ndi opanga odalirika,
• zambiri zopezeka.

Kuikira mazira kumatha kugulidwa ndikulumikizana ndi antchito a UPFERM patelefoni, kapena poika oda pamalopo. Kugulitsa ndi kutumiza zidzakhala zodabwitsa kwa inu. Yambitsani malonda ndi zisankho zoyenera - sankhani UPFERM.

Makhalidwe ndi mafotokozedwe amtundu wa nkhuku mini nyama, malamulo okhutira

Makhalidwe ndi mafotokozedwe amtundu wa nkhuku mini nyama, malamulo okhutira

Kuswana nkhuku zazing'ono ndi ntchito yabwino komanso yosavuta. Pokhala ndi tating'onoting'ono tambiri, kukhathamiritsa kwakukulu komanso kusasunga malo mndende, oyimilira amtunduwu atha kulima ndi alimi apakati komanso akulu, komanso eni minda wamba. Komanso mwayi wina wa nkhuku ndi mawonekedwe ake odekha komanso osinthika.

Kufotokozera kwapadera ndi machitidwe

Poyerekeza ndi Mitundu ina, nkhuku zazing'ono zam'madzi zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe enaake, mawonekedwe, ndizabwino zingapo ndi zovuta zake.

Nkhuku zazing'ono zazinyama zimakhala ndi thupi lowoneka bwino, miyendo yaying'ono ndi kukula kwa gawo lapakati (metatarsus), pafupifupi, 30-35% yocheperako poyerekeza ndi Mitundu ina, yokhala ndi wandiweyani komanso mafinya. Kuphatikiza pa miyendo yayifupi, gawo lodziwika bwino la nkhuku zotere ndi chipeso chokhala ngati masamba. Nkhuku zotere zimayamba kutha msinkhu zikafika miyezi isanu ndi umodzi.

Mbalame za mtundu uwu zimadziwika ndi mawonekedwe abata - omasulidwa mnyumbamo kukhala m'munda wosakhazikitsidwa, samayendetsa "kufufuma" kwathunthu pamabedi ndi mayendedwe, samapanga kaphokoso kwambiri, ndipo nthawi zambiri samakhwekhwetsa m'manja kwa mwiniwake yemwe amabweretsa chakudyacho. Ziwungu za nyama yaying'ono sizikhala ndi moyo wabwino komanso sizivuta kuzunza anthu.

Nkhuku za mtundu uwu zimakhala ndi zotsatsa zotsatirazi:

1. Kulemera kwakukulu, mukakula kupanga zopangidwa ndi nyama, - kulemera kwa nkhuku kumatha kufika ma kilogalamu 2.7, cockerels - 3.0-3.1 kilogalamu.
2. Kupanga mazira - kudya moyenera ndi chisamaliro, nkhuku imodzi yamtunduwu imatha kubereka mazira 170-200 pachaka.
3. Kulemera kwa dzira limodzi - kulemera kwa dzira limodzi, kutengera momwe mungasungire ndikudyetsa, kuyambira 55-57 mpaka 60-66 magalamu.
4. Kuku hatchability - pamene anapiye aswedwa m'njira yofungatira, chizindikiro ichi chimakhala 85%.
5. Kupulumuka kwa anapiye - ndi chisamaliro choyenera ndikudyetsa m'masiku oyamba amoyo, pafupifupi 94-99% ya nkhuku zomwe zalandiridwa mu njira ya makulitsidwe zimapulumuka.
6. Kupulumuka kwa akuluakulu - kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mtundu uwu, chizindikiro ichi ndichoposa 90%.

Nkhuku zazing'onozing'ono: Kufotokozera za kusamalira, kusamalira ndi kubereka

Nkhuku zazing'ono zam'mimba zimatha kulimidwa pabwalo yaying'ono.

Malinga ndi momwe nyama ilili, sikuti imakhala yotsika poyerekeza ndi ana am'madzi ndi mitundu ikuluikulu, koma imangodya zochepa.

Pabwino, safuna nyumba yayikulu komanso kuyenda kwamtunda. Mtundu wamtchire wamtunduwu suika pachiwopsezo kwa anthu: nyama yake imatha kudyedwa mopanda mantha.

Matenda ndi kubereka

Kusatetemera kwa nkhuku ndikwabwino.

Matenda amatha kuchitika pokhapokha ngati akusamalidwa bwino ndikukonzedwa m'nyumba yozizira. Pakakhala mavuto oswana ngati nkhuku zimasakanikirana ndi mtundu wina wopanda chimanga.

Kukula kwachinyamata pankhaniyi kumakhala kofooka.

Nkhuku zazing'onoting'ono ndi njira yabwino yothandizira alimi a nkhuku omwe alibe famu yayikulu ndipo safuna kuwononga ndalama zambiri pakudya nkhuku.

Olimba komanso opatsa, nkhuku izi ndizoyenera kuzifunikira.

Nkhuku zazing'ono-nyama: Kufotokozera kwa kuswana, kusamalira ndi kubereka

Anthu ambiri okhala m'midzi ndi m'midzi amakhala osati ndi ziweto zokha, komanso nkhuku. Sizotheka nthawi zonse kupanga famu yayikulu ya nkhuku, pankhaniyi ndikofunikira kuyang'anira chidwi cha mitundu yaying'ono ya nkhuku. Kuswana ndi kusamalira mbalame zotere ndizosavuta komanso kopindulitsa. Kuphatikiza apo, mbalame yotereyi ndiyabwino kwa okhala chilimwe.

Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tomwe tidasungidwa chifukwa cha kafukufuku woberekedwa ndi Zagorsk Institute of Poultry, yomwe ili mumzinda wa Sergiev Posad, ku Moscow Region. Mukamaweta, Plymouthroka, Leggorny, Rhode Island anali okhudzidwa ngati makolo.

Amaberekawo nthawi yomweyo adapeza othandizira ake pakati pa alimi a nkhuku a USSR yakale, ndipo posakhalitsa adatchuka ku Europe. M'mayiko ena aku Europe, mtunduwu udakhala wotchuka kwambiri kotero kuti udasinthanitsa mtundu womwewo wa nkhuku zakomweko. Izi zidachitika chifukwa cha kulimba mtima monga kupanga nyama yabwino komanso kupanga mazira.

Kanema: Unenanso za mtundu wa nyama zankhuku

Alimi a nkhuku, akatswiri komanso akatswiri amiseurs, adziwa kale kuti kusamalira nyama zowetedwa ndizotsika mtengo kwambiri poyerekeza ndi zamasiku onse. Pafupifupi 125 ga chakudya patsiku ndi chokwanira nkhuku imodzi.

M'mawonekedwe, mbalamezi ndizofanana ndi nkhuku wamba, koma miyendo yake yayifupi ndikuwomba poyerekeza ndi nkhuku za kukula kwachikhalidwe. Amakhala ndi mazira apamwamba, nyama yawo imakoma kwambiri. Thupi limapangika, maula ndizofunikira kwambiri mthupi, khungu limapangidwa ndi masamba.

Pali mitundu ingapo yamtundu wa mini-nyama, wotchuka kwambiri omwe ndi P-11 ndi B-33.

Zilumba za Dwarf Rhode (P-11) zili ndi kukula kocheperako, ndizamtundu wa chilengedwe chonse, chifukwa zimatha kupanga mazira komanso nyama yabwino kwambiri.

Mwa zina mwazomwe mungazindikire:

• kuphatikiza. Kuswana kunapangidwa kuti kusungidwe osayenera m'makola, njira yabwino kwa nkhuku yaying'ono,
• yambani kuthamanga molawirira. Nkhuku zimabweretsa mazira oyamba pafupifupi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi,
• wodekha mtima.Nkhuku zimagwira ntchito moyenera, sizibweretsa mavuto ambiri. Amakonda kulowa pansi, kufunafuna zakudya za nkhuku, tambala sitikhala omveka, sakonda nkhondo. Nkhuku sikuyang'ana kucheza ndi munthu, koma osamuopa,
• kukhala ndi thanzi labwino. Ndikamadya komanso kusamalidwa bwino, anapiye ndi akulu onse amakhala ndi mwayi wopulumuka,
• kupanga dzira lalikulu. Kutengera ndi kudyetsako, amatha kubweretsa mazira 200 pachaka.

Dwarf Leggors (B-33) ali ndi mutu wozungulira wozungulira wocheperako, mawonekedwe a abambo ndiwosakhazikika, kumapazi kwa tsinde kumatsitsidwa. Thupi limakhala lopindika, nthenga zoyera zimayandikira thupi.

Otsutsa a Zachilengedwe ali ndi izi:

• khalani phee, amuna sakonda kumenya nkhondo, nkhuku sakonda kukumba pansi,
• Amuna amakhala ndi zochitika zambiri zogonana,
• safuna nyumba yayikulu ndi malo oyendayenda, amakhala bwino m'makola,
• idyani pafupifupi 1/3 ochepera abale awo akuluakulu.

Nkhuku zazing'ono zazinyama zimakhala ndi izi:

• kulemera: nkhuku - 2.7 makilogalamu, cockerel - 3 makilogalamu,
• kupanga mazira - mpaka zidutswa 170 pachaka,
• Unyinji wa dzira - 57-60 g,
• kupulumuka kwa anapiye - opitilira 97%, ndi chisamaliro chokwanira amatha kufikira 99%,
• kuteteza nkhuku - pafupifupi 84%,
• kupulumuka mbalame yayikulu kupitirira 90%.

Kanema: kusiyana pakati pa fawn ndi nkhuku zoyera za mtundu wa nyama yaying'ono

Ngati mungaganize zokhala ndi nkhuku ya nyama yaying'ono, tsatirani malamulo awa:

1. Poyamba, muyenera kukonza nkhuku yotentha. Muyenera kuyika makhoma ake ndi pansi.
2. Kuyang'aniridwa kuyeneranso kuperekedwa ku zofunikira zaukhondo. Ukhondo m'nyumba za mbalame ndikofunikira kuti chitetezo cha mbalame chisasweke. Kuti muchepetse majeremusi ndi mabakiteriya kuti musakhale vuto lanu ndi ziweto zanu, muyenera kuyeretsa nkhuku zonse nthawi zonse.
3. Kawiri pachaka, kuyeretsa kwathunthu kumayenera kuchitika pogwiritsa ntchito madzi otentha, yankho la potaziyamu permanganate ndi sopo ochapira.
4. Samalirani pansi koyenera. Iyenera kukhala yotentha ndikuchotsa chinyezi mopitilira muyeso. Sawdust kapena hay udzachita.

Chakudyacho chiyenera kukhala chamagulu onse, kuphatikizapo zonse zofunika: mafuta, chakudya komanso mapuloteni. Zakudya zopanda pake zimakhudza kupanga mazira.

Za nkhuku zochokera ku kupanga nyama, kudyetsa ndi chakudya chamagulu ndikuphatikiza chimanga, zitsamba ndi mchere ndizoyenera.