Ndikufuna kuyankha funso la owerenga athu kuti kodi narwhal ndi ndani - nyama kapena nsomba. Ichi ndi nyama ya mchenga. Mtundu wokhawo wa narwhal.
Nyama zotchedwa narwhal, kapena kuti unicorn wamadzi, zimakhala ku Arctic Ocean, ndi pachibale cha beluga whale ndipo ndi a banja la cetaceans.
Mawonekedwe
Ichi ndi nyama yayikulu kwambiri - narwhal. Kulemera kwake (kwamphongo) kumafika matani 1.5. Kutalika kwa wamkulu ndi mamita 4.5, mpaka mita imodzi ndi theka ndiko kutalika kwa kiyubiki. Kuposa theka la kulemera kwa narwhal wamkulu ndi mafuta. Akazi ndiwotchulukirapo, kulemera kwawo ndi kilogalamu 900 zokha.
Kunja, ma narwhals amafanana kwambiri ndi belugas. Koma amasiyanitsidwa ndi nyanga yayikulu. Nthawi zambiri amatchedwa thumbo. Ichi ndi chopanga chachikulu komanso cholimba mamita 2-3 kutalika kwake ndi masekeli 10. Ntchito zimatha kupindika mbali zosiyanasiyana, pomwe sizikuboola.
Zotengera nyanga ya narwhal
Ntchito za tusk sizikumvekabe bwinobwino. Zowona, masiku ano asayansi akunena motsimikiza kuti sikubera kubowola madzi oundana kapena kuwukira wozunzidwayo.
Poyamba, bukulo lidanenedwa kuti nyama ya narwhal imagwiritsa ntchito nyanga yake pamasewera okoka - kukopa zazikazi. Zimatengera zomwe awonera. Chowonadi ndi chakuti nthawi yakukhwima nyama zamtchire izi zimakhudza misana yake.
Mu 2005, kafukufuku yemwe adawona za moyo wamatsenga adazindikira kuti mapangidwe ake ndiwofunika kwambiri. Mukaliwerenga, mapangidwe amitsempha ambiri amapezeka pansi.
Asayansi awonanso momwe mtundu wa narwhal (nyama) umakhalira wofanana. Kuwona kutentha ndi pafupipafupi mafunde amagetsi pamagetsi, malekano ndi mtundu wina wa cholinga chake.
Hypsensitive tusk
Nyanga ya narwhal imalemekezedwa ndikukondedwa kwambiri m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana - ikhoza kukhala chokongoletsera cha mipando yachifumu ndi nyumba zachifumu. Ku England, narwhal tusk adakhala ndodo yachifumu. Mfumukazi Elizabeti pachimake chimodzi cha chimphona chakumpoto ichi adalipira m'zaka za zana la 16 ndalama zabwino kwambiri nthawi imeneyo - mapaundi 10,000. Ndi ndalama iyi mutha kumanga nyumba yachifumu. Kodi nchifukwa ninji njirayi ili yodabwitsa kwambiri?
Narwhals ndi gawo laling'ono laling'ono la omwe amatchedwa zinsomba zokhala ndi bala. Ngakhale izi, kwenikweni ndi zolengedwa zamwano. Palibe mano pa nsagwada ya m'munsi, ndipo pamwambapa pali primordia ziwiri zokha. Ng'ombe zitha kukhala ndi awiriawiri apamwamba komanso mano otsika, koma zimagwera mwachangu, ndipo mano amayamba kukhazikika m'malo mwa dzino lakumanzere mwa amuna, omwe panthawi yakukhwima nyamayi imafika kutalika kwa 2-3 m, masentimita 7-10 pakadali ndi zina zambiri. 10 makilogalamu kulemera. Zovala zazitali zimakongoletsa amuna okha. Mwa chachikazi, lipenga limakhala lolunjika komanso lalifupi. Osati kawirikawiri, koma zimachitika kuti mano onse awiri achikazi amasanduka mafinya, ndipo amuna amuna bulangeta lamanzere silikhala lipenga, koma izi ndizosiyana kwambiri.
Tundu la narwhal pamwamba pake limakhala ndi chozungulira (chodulira), chomwe chimakulitsa mphamvu yake. Kudula uku kumawonekera patapita nthawi: ndi kayendedwe ka nyama, husk, yogonjetsa kukana kwamphamvu kwamadzi, imayenda mozungulira mozungulira kuzungulira kwake. Zotsatira zake, mizere yoyambira imadulidwa pamakoma a zitsime m'mene zimapangidwira.
Nthawi zambiri amuna samapezeka ndi ziboda ziwiri, zomwe zimapangika pomwepa kuchokera mano awiri. Malinga ndi ziwerengero, nyama zotere zimapezeka mwa munthu m'modzi mwa 500.
Modabwitsa, ngakhale masiku ano, nyama ya narwhal, makamaka nyanga yake, imakhala chinsinsi kwa asayansi padziko lonse lapansi. Saphunziridwe pang'ono.
Masiku ano, ofufuza akukhulupirira kuti mankhwalawa amalola kuti nanwhal isinthe kutentha, kuthinikizidwa, komanso kuchuluka kwa tinthu tosungidwa m'madzi.
Moyo
Narwhal ndi chinyama (tidayika chithunzi m'nkhaniyi), chomwe nthawi yozizira chimagwera mpaka ma 1.5 km. Izi ndizofunikira kuti mudziteteze ku madzi oundana a Arctic. Pakapita kanthawi, imakwera kumtunda ndikuyenderera. Masana iye amapanga ngongole ngati 15. Kuphatikiza apo, mafuta osunthika ndi chitetezo chodalirika ku kuzizira mu narwhals. Danga lake nthawi zina limaposa masentimita 10. Mu chilimwe, nyama izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala akuya 30 mpaka 300 m.
Banja
Nyama ya nyama imatha kukhala yokhayokha kapena pagulu laling'ono la amuna 10 achikulire kapena akazi okhala ndi ana.
M'mbuyomu, zimphona izi zidapanga ng'ombe zazikulu, zowerengeka mazana angapo, ndipo nthawi zina zikwi zamitu. Masiku ano sizachilendo kukumana ndi gulu la zolinga zoposa zana. Nthawi zina belugas amalowa nawo.
Monga ziwala zina za nkhumba, nyamazi zimalumikizana wina ndi mzake kudzera pakulankhula. Nthawi zambiri, awa ndi mawu akuthwa ngati ngati akuimba likhweru, kubuma, kuwonekera, kufuula, kugudubuza, kukwawa.
Kuswana
Matenga amapezeka mchaka. Mimba imatenga miyezi 14, kuzungulira kwathunthu ndi zaka 2-3. Nthawi zambiri m'modzi amabadwa, nthawi zambiri amakhala ana awiri. Kutha msinkhu kumafika zaka 7. Palibe milandu yochotsa nyama izi muukapolo zolembedwa.
Yaikazi imadyetsa khandalo ndi mkaka wonenepa kwambiri kwa miyezi 20.
Moyo wokhala mu ukapolo
Unicorn wamadzi ndi wa gulu laling'ono la nyama lomwe silingathe kulimba nkomwe. Izi zikuwoneka ndi umboni wosatsutsika woti kwa miyezi yoposa isanu ndi umodzi palibe nyama yomwe idapulumuka muukapolo, pomwe ilipo zaka 55. Chiwerengero chokwanira cha ma narwhals sichinakhazikitsidwe, koma ndi mtundu wocheperako, wosowa womwe walembedwa kale mu Red Book of the Russian Federation.
Ndi chidaliro chonse, amatha kutchedwa chimodzi mwazodabwitsa za Arctic, yekhayo komanso yapadera yamtundu wake.
Habitat
Tanena kale kuti nyama zamphamvuzi zimakhala kumadera ovuta a kumpoto. Chodziwika kwambiri munyanja za Arctic, ku Arctic Ocean. Narwhals imatha kupezeka m'mphepete mwa nyanja ya Greenland, komanso kumpoto kwa zilumba zaku Canctan Arctic.
Magulu ang'onoang'ono amalembetsedwa kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa Franz Josef Land, kawirikawiri pakati pa Kolyma ndi Cape Barrow. Izi ndichifukwa chosowa chakudya - pali ochepa cephalopods. Maofesi aku North Pole adalembetsa magulu a narwhals kumpoto kwa Wrangel Island. Amakhala m'madzi ozizira m'mphepete mwa madzi oundana a Arctic, amasintha nyengo: pachilimwe - kumpoto, ndipo nthawi yozizira - kumwera.
Nyama yamadzi am'madzi am'madzi amadyedwa ndi anthu akumpoto. Amagwiritsa ntchito mafuta a nyama izi ngati njira younikira (nyali). Zovala zam'mimba zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zingwe, mapasa. Koma nyanga yodabwitsa, kapena thumbo, ndiyofunika kwambiri. Amisiri a kumpoto amapanga zaluso zosiyanasiyana kuchokera pamenepo.
Kuchulukana
Nyama ya nyama ndi mtundu waung'ono womwe watsala pang'ono kutha. Mu Middle Ages, chifukwa cha nyanga yake, yomwe, malinga ndi asamu, yomwe ili ndi mphamvu zamatsenga, zolengedwa izi zinawonongedwa zochuluka.
Ngakhale masiku ano, ulusi wachilendo ungayambitse kupha nyama. Eskimos awagwera. Ngati m'masiku akale ma harpoons adagwiritsidwa ntchito posaka, lero maboti ama motor ndi zida zamagetsi zodzipha zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Aliyense amene akweza dzanja nyama yachilendoyi ayenera kudziwa kuti izi ndizowonetsa zachilengedwe, akumva kusintha kwanyengo pang'ono, akumvera kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe.
Nanga ndichifukwa chiyani narwhal ili ndi suyu?
Mpaka pano, ntchito za thumbozi sizinaphunzire, koma asayansi amadziwa mosakayikira kuti sicholinga chake kuti chiukire munthu amene akuvutikayo ndi kuphulitsa chimfine. Kutembenuza koteroko kunanenedwa kuti nyamayi imafunikira kuti ikwaniritse masewera a mating ndikopeka chachikazi.
Izi ndichifukwa choti ma narwhals nthawi zonse amapaka izi. Koma pambuyo pake, mu 2005, ulendo wapadera womwe umawona moyo wamatsenga adazindikira kuti ululuwu umapezeka kwambiri. Pakuwerenga mosamala, mathero ambiri amitsempha osiyanasiyana adapezeka pamwamba pake. Chifukwa chake ananena kuti ulusi wa mankhwalawa umathandizanso kudziwa kutentha komanso mafunde amagetsi.
Kodi ma narawa amakhala kuti?
Nyama zikuluzikulu izi zimakhala m'malo ovuta. Mwakutero, ku Arctic. Amadyetsa zakudya zosiyanasiyana ndi nsomba. Amakonda nsomba zapansi zokha monga khodi, halibut, flounder ndi gobies. Adani a nyama zosawopazi ndi zimbalangondo zokhala ndi polar ndi anamgumi opha.
Gulu la narwhals
Nyama ya nyama izi amadyedwa ndi anthu osiyanasiyana akumpoto. Amagwiritsa ntchito mafuta ngati njira yowunikira. Pomwe ma guti amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zingwe zingapo. Ndipo choyamikiridwa kwambiri, nyanga yodabwitsa iyi, kapena tinthu tating'ono, timene timapangidwa mwaluso kwambiri.
Nthano ndi zikhulupiriro za nyama izi
M'mbuyomu, anthu ambiri amadziwa kale za narwhal, ndipo amatchedwa "unicorn". Amiseche ndi amatsenga amati ndi zamatsenga ndimatumbo a narwhal ndikuwawonjezera iwo pazinthu zawo. Kwa nthawi yayitali idagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chikhalidwe.
Ochiritsa adanenanso kuti decoction ya nthaka tusk imatha kuchiza matenda aliwonse. Nyamazi zimasakidwa nthawi zonse, nsapato zake zimasinthanitsidwa ndi zinthu zakudya, ndipo nthawi zina ngakhale golide. Mkati mwa zaka za m'ma 2000, kusaka nyama zamankhwala kunali koletsedwa, koma chiletso ichi sichinagwira ntchito. Kutsata ozembetsa sikunali kophweka. Gawo lalikulu ndi malo osawerengeka adaletsa izi.
Cholinga cha lipenga sichidziwika bwino kwa asayansi
Zotsatira zake, nkhaniyi siyinathetsedwe. Kuchokera pakhungu la nyama iyi, iwo amalima malo okhala, anthu ofanana, kumpoto. Amati mafuta a narwhal amathandiza nthawi yozizira ndipo salola kuti thupi lizizungulira ngati likufalikira.
Kukasaka nyama, zimapita monga banja. Wina amayika nyambo zapadera, pomwe winayo amakopa nyamayo ndi mawu ake. Izi zimachitika kawirikawiri m'malo omwe muli chitsamba chowawa.
Nyama ikangowoneka pamwamba pamadzi, imumenya ndi zinthu zakuthwa ndikudikirira mpaka atamwalira. Pambuyo pake, banja lonselo linanyamuka kuti limutulutse m'madzi. Amadula, monga lamulo, pamalo omwewo, popeza kulemera kwa narwhal sikumawalola iwo kuti azinyamula zonse.
Chowawa - mwayi wopumira
Mbali imodzi iyi, izi ndi zachisoni, ndipo anthu awa, omwe atapatsidwa chakudya chamtundu wina, amangofa opanda nyama iyi. Mpaka pano, kuchuluka kwa nyama zimenezi sikuli pachiwopsezo.
Akazi amakhala ndi zolemera zochepa, malamulo osiyana siyana ndipo amayenda kwambiri, mosiyana ndi amuna. M'chilimwe, nthawi zambiri amabwera pamwamba, popeza nthawi zambiri amafunikira mpweya.
M'nyengo yozizira, maukwati amakhala akuya kwambiri, akumapeza chakudya chawo. M'malo okhala komanso nyengo zimaberekanso nthawi zonse, koma m'ndende, izi sizinawonekere.
Ndi nyama zingati zomwe ndizosangalatsa kwambiri m'mbiri zomwe zimakhala m'madzi amdima ndi ozizira a Arctic?
Sichosadabwitsa, koma lero, munthu amadziwa zochulukirapo kuposa za zinsinsi zam'nyanja.
Ngati mwapeza cholakwika, chonde sankhani gawo ndikusindikiza Ctrl + Lowani.
Kufalitsa
Narwhal amakhala pamtunda wamtali - m'madzi a Arctic Ocean komanso North Atlantic. Malo ofunikira: Zisumbu za Canada ndi gombe la Greenland, madzi a Svalbard, Franz Josef Land ndi madzi ozungulira kumpoto kwa North Island ya Novaya Zemlya. Njira zakumpoto kwambiri nthawi yotentha zinachitika mpaka 85 ° C. sh., chakumwera kwambiri (nyengo yachisanu) - kupita ku Great Britain ndi Netherlands, gombe la Murmansk, White Sea, ndi Fr. Bering.
Kapangidwe ka anthu ndi kubereka
Zozungulira zimasungidwa limodzi kapena m'magulu ang'onoang'ono, nthawi zambiri pamitu ya 6-10, yomwe imakhala ya akulu akulu, kapena yaimphongo yokhala ndi ana amuna, m'mbuyomu amapanga magulu akuluakulu amitu mazana angapo masauzande. M'busa, monga belugas, narwhals "amalankhula" kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri amatulutsa mawu akuthwa ofanana ndi likhweru, amapanganso kulira (kapena kubuula), kufuula, kudina, kutulutsa, kuguguda.
Peak mating amapezeka mu April. Mimba imatenga miyezi 14-15, kutulutsa kwathunthu kumatenga zaka 2-3. 1 amabadwa, kawirikawiri 2 ana. Kukula mwakugonana mwa amuna kumachitika ndi kutalika kwa 4 m, mwa akazi - 3,4 m, omwe amafanana zaka 4-7. Chiyembekezo chamoyo m'chilengedwe ndichilengedwe mpaka zaka 55, ali mu ukapolo - mpaka miyezi 4. Milandu yokhudza kubereka muukapolo sizikudziwika.
Mtengo wachuma
Nyama yamanjenje imadyedwa ndi anthu akumpoto, makamaka a Eskimos, mafuta a narwhals amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mafuta a nyali, ndipo matumbo amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zingwe, makamaka mabowo omwe amachidula. Khungu la narwhals lili ndi mavitamini C ambiri kuyambira nthawi yachilimwe ya 1976, boma la Canada lidabweretsa njira zoletsa: limaletsa kuphedwa kwa akazi omwe amaperekedwa ndi ana, amakakamizidwa kutaya nyamazo ndi kuyitanitsa chaka chilichonse m'malo osakira. Nyama ya Narwhal ndiyosafunikira chifukwa chamtengo wokwera: ndizovuta kupeza narwhal kuposa chipembere kapena shaki. M'malo odyera amakono, mwamwayi, nyama ya narwhal sichofala. Mtsempha sungakhale chopanda.
Mkhalidwe Wopezekera ndi Chitetezo
Mtundu wachilendo wotetezedwa walembedwera ku Red Book of Russia (gulu lankhondo lakufikako: 3 - mitundu yocheperako, yoyimira mtundu wa monotypic), komanso mu Zakumapeto I CITES. Mosiyana ndi ma belugas, ma narwhals samalola ukapolo.
Zambiri zolondola sizikupezeka. Malinga ndi kuyerekezera koyipa, chiwerengero chawo chikuyembekezeredwa pa zolinga 30,000,000 [gwero silinatchulidwe masiku 538] .
Zolemba
- ↑Sokolov V.E. Mtanthauzira wamagulu awiri wa mayina a nyama. Amayi Latin, Russian, English, Germany, French. / kusinthidwa ndi Acad. V. E. Sokolova. - M: Rus. lang., 1984. - S. 117. - 10,000.
- ↑Billo D. Nyanga ya narwhal yochenjera // M'dziko la sayansi. 12/14/2005.
Onani zomwe "Narwhal" ali mu mabuku otanthauzira ena:
NARWHAL - (Chiswidi). Unicorn, dzino lowoneka ngati nyanga, chokhala ngati chinsomba chokhala ndi dzino lalitali pachiwono. Mtanthauzira mawu ena akunja ophatikizidwa mchilankhulo cha Russia. Chudinov AN, 1910. NARVAL dzino lowoneka, unicorn, nyama yam'madzi kuchokera pamtundu wa zinsomba zokhala ndi dzino lalitali mu ... Kutanthauzira kwina kwa chilankhulo cha Russia
NARWHAL - (Monodon monoceros), miliri. nyama zochepa. beluga sem. dolphin. Mabungwe, mtundu wamtundu. Chifukwa mpaka 6.1 m, kulemera kwa 1 1.5 t. Mutu wozungulira Wazowala ndi mitundu yambiri. mawanga akuda (oyamwa mumdima). Mwa amuna (kawirikawiri kwambiri mwa akazi) mu ... ... Biological Encyclopedic Dictionary
Narwhal - Monodon monoceros onaninso 6.2.2. Genus Narwhals Monodon Narwhal Monodon monoceros (m'nthawi yayitali). Mwa chachikazi, nthawi zambiri samadula, ndipo champhongo, dzino limodzi (kawirikawiri kumanzere, kawirikawiri kwambiri) limasandulika kukhala lalitali (mpaka 3 m), molunjika, mowopsa ... Nyama zaku Russia. Directory
narwhal - a, m. Narval m. & LT, sw., Madeti., Komanso. zopitilira muyeso. Nyama yam'madzi yochokera ku chinsomba chokhala ndi zilembo zokhala ndi dzino lalitali ngati nyanga, unicorn. ALS 1. Narwhal. 1788. Mawu Nat. Kummawa. Zimadziwika kuti nyanja imatulutsa nyama zazikulu kwambiri, mwachitsanzo, chinsomba ndi ... ... Mbiri yakale ya Russian Gallicisms
NARWHAL - (unicorn) wanyamayo wa banja la dolphin. Kutalika mpaka 6 m, kulemera mpaka matani 1.5. Mwa amuna, pali tchire lamanzere kokha lomwe limapangidwa, lalitali kwambiri (mpaka 3 m). M'madzi abata. Zochepa, zotetezedwa ... Big Encyclopedic Dictionary
NARWHAL - NARVAL, narwhal, amuna. (French narvale) (zoo.). Zofanana ndi unicorn mu 1 znach. Mtanthauzira wamanthau Ushakov. D.N. Ushakov. 1935 1940 ... Explanatory Dictionary of Ushakov
NARWHAL - mwamuna. Nsomba za Monodon, unicorn wam'madzi, dzino lokhala ndi nyanga, kuchokera ku banja la dolphin, viviparous, wokhala ndi zopindika pa chisoti chachifumu. Buku Lofotokozera la Dahl. MU NDI. Dahl. 1863 1866 ... Dahl's Explanatory Dictionary
narwhal - noun, nambala ya ma syonms: 4 • dolphin (28) • unicorn (20) • monoceros (2) • ... Dongosolo la masinthidwe
narwhal - a, m. narwhal] Wam'madzi wanyanja wosowa wabanja. dolphin, wokhala ndi thunzi lalitali kumtaya wapamwamba, unicorn. ◁ Narwhal, o, o. N. tusk. * * * narwhal (unicorn), nyama yam'madzi ya banja la dolphin.Kutalika mpaka 6 m, kulemera mpaka 1.5 t ... Encyclopedic Dictionary
Narwhal - unicorn (Monodon monoceros), mayi wachilengedwe wabanja lachifwamba la beluga dolphin. Kutalika kwa akazi kutalika mpaka 5 m, amuna mpaka 6 m (kulemera mpaka 1 t), ana obadwa kumene ali pafupifupi 1.5 mita. Mutu ndi wozungulira, palibe dorsal fin. Akuluakulu, kuunika ... ... Great Soviet Encyclopedia
