• Prionailurus bengalensis euptilura
• Felis bengalensis euptilura
• Felis euptilura Elliot, 1871

Mphaka Wamtchire wa Amur (lat. Prionailurus bengalensis euptilurus), Mphaka wa kum'mawa kuthengo - Mbiri yakumpoto ya mphaka wa ku Bengal.

Chiyambidwe cha mafotokozedwe ndi kufotokozera

Chithunzi: Cat ya Amur

Mphaka Wamtchire Amur ndi nyama yomwe ndi nyama ya chordate. Ndi woimira dongosolo lotsogolera, banja la amphaka, gulu la amphaka ang'onoang'ono, amphaka amtundu wa ku Asia, amphaka amphaka wa Bengal, ndi magulu amphaka amtundu wa Amur.

Kumpoto Kummawa kumadziwika kuti ndiko galu wa ku Bengal. Mpaka pano, asayansi sangapereke mwatsatanetsatane mwatsatanetsatane za chiyambi ndi kusinthika kwa nyamayi. Idafotokozedwa koyamba mu 1871. Kuyambira pano chizunzo chinayamba. Osaka amasaka mphaka kuti apeze ubweya wofunikira wopangira kolala ndi zipewa.

Malo okhala ndi malo okhala

Kugawidwa Kum'mawa Kakutali, m'mphepete mwa Mtsinje wa Amur komanso m'mphepete mwa Nyanja ya Japan. Pafupi ndi Nyanja ya Khanka, mphaka idapezeka m'malo onse omwe anthu amakhala. Amakhala m'malo a Bolshekhekhtsirsky, Khankaysky, Ussuriysky, Kedrovaya Pad, malo osungirako Lazovsky.

Chakudya chopatsa thanzi

Amadyetsa mbewa, ma voles, agologolo, mbalame, nthawi zina zimayang'anira ma hares ndi ana agalu agalu. Imafika pa msinkhu wazaka 1. Kukwatirana kumachitika mu Marichi. Mimba imatenga masiku 65-70, mphaka amabweretsa ana a ana anayi, pomwe abambo nawonso amatenga nawo mbali. Chiyembekezo cha moyo ndi zaka 17-18.

Kufotokozera kwa Mphaka Ya Amur

Thupi limakhala lokwera, mwamphamvu komanso mwamphamvu. Mutu wake ndi waung'ono, wamtali, wamtali wautali. Pamphuno pali Mzere wowoneka bwino. Ma fangala akumtunda ndi akali komanso kutalika. Ndizilonda zazitali kutalika, zimatha ndi zofunda zazing'ono. Makutu ndi ozunguliridwa, palibe ma tassel kapena malangizo awo. Mchira wowonda umakutidwa ndi ubweya wonenepa.

Chovala ndichachifupi, chakuda komanso chotsukanso. Ubweya wozizira ndiwopepuka komanso wokulirapo kuposa chilimwe. Tsitsi lotsalira limafika masentimita 4.9 kutalika. Mtundu wa ubweyawo umachokera ku imvi-chikasu mpaka zofiirira-zofiirira kapena zofiirira. Thupi lakumunsi ndi mbali zake ndizopepuka kuposa kumbuyo. Pathupi pali malo ena owoneka ofiira okhala ndi mtundu wakuda kapena wowoneka bwino.

Mikwingwirima itatu yakuda bii, yomwe imapangidwa kuchokera m'malo owoneka bwino, imadutsa kumbuyo. Nthawi zina mikwingwiroyi imatha kuphatikizira umodzi. Pakhosi pali mikwingwirima 4 kapena 5 yopingasa yofiirira. Pamiyendo yakutsogolo kuli mikwingwirima yopingasa. Pali mawanga pamimba, koma opepuka. Mchira, monga lamulo, ndi imvi yakuda kapena yofiira; nsonga yake ndi yakuda kapena yakuda.

Mbali iliyonse ya mutu, zing'ono 2 zoyera zimadutsa pamphumi kuchokera kumaso, ndipo pakati pawo pali chingwe chofiirira chomwe chimayamba kuchokera pamphuno mpaka khosi. Mphuno ndi yofiyira, kummero ndi pachifuwa kuli zoyera, mbewa ndi yoyera. Makutu kunja ndi oyera ndi mkombero wakuda, ndipo nsongazo ndi zoyera kwambiri. Nyama zazing'ono zimakhala ndi mawanga ambiri kuposa achikulire.

Pafupi ndi Nyanja ya Khanka, mphaka idapezeka m'malo onse omwe anthu amakhala.

Malo okhala amphaka Amur

Amphaka a nkhalango za Amur amakhala m'malo otsetsereka a mapiri otsika, m'mitsinje ndi m'mbali mwa nyanja, zipsera zomva, m'matanthwe okhala ndi udzu wawutali, m'mphepete mwa nkhalango komanso m'mabedi amabango. M'mapiri sikukwera kupitirira 500-600 metres.

Izi zitha kupezeka nthawi zambiri pafupi ndi nyumba za anthu. Amphaka a nkhalango za Amur amapewa malo omwe ntchito zachuma zimachitika kwambiri.

Far Eastern Forest Cats Limoyle

Nyama izi zimatha kukhala zokhazokha kapena ziwiri, koma nthawi yakubzala anthu ambiri amasonkhana. Mphaka aliyense amakhala ndi mtundu wake wamtundu wa 5-9 lalikulu km. Zidyerazi zimakhala moyo wachisangalalo komanso wamadzulo. Amphaka a nkhalango za Amur ndi amanyazi komanso osakhudzika, ndizovuta kudziwa. Amabisalira nyama yomwe ikubisalira pansi kapena mitengo.

Mphaka Wamtchire Kum'mawa amafikira wolasidwa kamodzi.

M'nyengo yozizira, amphaka a Amur amasamukira kumapiri kupita ku zigwa ndikupita pamwamba pa mapiri, pomwe chimphepo chimawombedwa ndi mphepo. Pakazizira kwambiri, amatha kupita kunyumba za anthu komwe makoswe amagwidwa nyumba zakale.

Ngati mphaka wa Kum'maŵa ali pachiwopsezo, amapulumutsidwa pamtengo. Amakhala m'malo obisika, m'miyala ya m'matanthwe kapena pakati pa zitsamba zowirira, ndipo amagwiritsanso ntchito ming'alu ya mbidzi ndi nkhandwe mosangalatsa. Pansi pa londayo ndimatumba ndi fumbi la masamba, masamba ndi udzu.

Amphaka a nkhalango za Amur amatha kukwera mitengo moyenera, miyala komanso kusambira moyenera. Pali malo osungira kwakanthawi patsambalo la adani. M'nyengo yozizira, nyumba yokhazikika yabwino kwambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Amphaka a ku Far East a nkhalango amadya makoswe onga mbewa, ma chipmunks, agologolo, hares la Manchurian, mbalame ndi mazira awo. Nthawi zina amatha kuukira ozunzidwa akuluakulu, monga agwape achinyamata ndi agwape.

Kutalika kwa moyo wamphaka wa Amur mwachilengedwe ndi zaka 8-10, ndipo ali mu ukapolo amatha kukhala ndi zaka 15.

Zakudya zamphaka zamtchire ku Amur zimatha kuphatikizira achule ndi tizilombo.

Kubala ana a Tsushima akambuku

Nthawi yakubereketsa amphaka amtundu wa Amur kumpoto kwa madera amagwa paFebruwari-Marichi, ndipo amphaka amabadwa mu Meyi. M'madera akum'mwera kwa mitunduyi, amphaka a ku Far East amatha kubereka chaka chonse. Mu nyengo yakukhwima iwo amalira mofuula komanso mwadzidzidzi kulira. Awiri amapangidwa nthawi ya estrus mu mphaka. Wamphongo amatenga nawo mbali polera ana.

Mimba imatenga masiku 65-72. Pali ma kitt 1-2 mu zinyalala, omwe amatha kwambiri angakhale ana 4. Ndiwosathandiza ndi akhungu, osaposa 80 magalamu. Maso a Kittens amatseguka pakatha masiku 10. Akazi amasamalira ana amphaka, ndipo ngati ali pangozi, amawasamutsira kumalo okhalamo. Ali ndi zaka 50, amphaka achichepere amatuluka m'khola ndikuyang'ana gawo lapafupi. Pa miyezi 4, zazikazi zimalemera kale ma kilogalamu 2.4, ndipo amuna 3.2 kilogalamu. Pamiyezi isanu ndi umodzi, agalu amadzilamulira okha ndikusiya amayi awo, ndikusaka malo awo osaka. Malinga ndi mabuku ena, kutha kwa nkhalango zam'madzi ku Amur kumachitika m'miyezi 8-10, koma malinga ndi mabuku ena, samakula miyezi 18 isanakwane.

Mphaka wina wamtchire ku Amur amabweretsa mwana wa agalu anayi, pomwe amunawo amatenga nawo gawo.

Chiwerengero Chapamwamba Kwambiri Cha Kum'mawa

Amphaka amtchire ku Amur ali mu Red Book of Russia. Amatetezedwa ndi CITES Convention (Zowonjezera II). Posachedwa, kuchuluka kwa anthu kunayamba kuchuluka.

Choopseza chachikulu pamtunduwu ndi kutayika kwa malo: kulima kwina, kudula mitengo mwachisawawa, moto. Komanso kuchuluka kwa amphaka a Amur amakhudzidwa ndi kusaka, nyengo komanso kusakanizidwa ndi amphaka am'nyumba.

Amur Forest Cat - malo ocheperako, omwe adalembedwa mu Red Book of Primorsky Territory.

Kuchulukana kwambiri kwa amphaka a Far Eastern steppe amawonedwa mdera la Khasansky ndi Khankaysky la Primorsky Territory, ndi anthu 3-4 pamakilomita 10 lalikulu. Chiyerekezo cha amphaka a nkhalango ya Amur ku Primorsky Territory ndi anthu 2-2,5 miliyoni.

Chiwerengero cha mphaka wa nyalugwe Tsushima pachilumbachi ndichotsika kwambiri, sichidutsa anthu 80-110. Malo okhala ku Japan ali ndi amphaka 32. Ku Japan, zilombozi zotetezedwa ndi boma.

Ngati mwapeza cholakwika, chonde sankhani gawo ndikusindikiza Ctrl + Lowani.

Mbiri yamtundu

Mwachiwonekere, mtundu uwu, wachibale wakuthengo wa Bengal, wakhala nthawi yayitali ku Far East. Koma kutanthauzira koyamba ndi mafotokozedwe a nyamayo adangowoneka mu 1871. Zolemba izi zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kutumizidwa kwa zikopa za Amur Forest Cat kumadera aku China.

Masiku ano, amphaka a Amur amadziwika kuti ndi amphaka a ku East komanso amphaka a Bengal (wofotokozedwa ngati subspecies). Dzina lachi Latin - Prionailurus bengalensis euptilurus.

Komwe kumakhala

Mphaka wa Kum'mawa Kwakutali ndizosiyanasiyana. Ku Russia, ikhoza kupezeka pagombe la Nyanja ya Japan, m'malo otsika a Mtsinje wa Amur komanso taiga yoyandikana nayo.

Koma amadziwikanso ku China, Japan, Korea, ndi Islands Islands. Anthu pawokha amapezeka nthawi zambiri pafupi ndi Nyanja ya Khanka - m'malire a dera la m'mphepete mwa nyanja komanso m'chigawo cha China cha Heilongjiang. Kuphatikiza apo, kusamuka kwa mphaka wa nkhalango ya Amur kupita kumadera a Indonesia, Java, Sumatra, Burma ndi Nepal kunadziwika.

Ndizodabwitsa kuti nthumwi zamtunduwu zimasinthasintha mosavuta kukhala kumalo otentha komanso ku Ussuri taiga.

Mr. Cat akutsimikizira: mawonekedwe a mawonekedwe

Mphaka wamtundu wa Amur ndi nyama yomwe imadya nyama yaying'ono, ikuluikulu kuposa mphaka wamba. Kulemera kwakukulu kwa munthu ndi pafupifupi makilogalamu 7, ngakhale nthumwi zazikulu zamtunduwu zimafika 15.

Kulemera kwa mphaka kumasiyana kwambiri ndipo zimatengera nthawi ya chaka, makamaka nyengo yozizira. Pakutha kwa dzinja, munthu amakhala wonenepa kwambiri, kumayambiriro kwa nthawi yophukira, nthawi yakusaka ikatha, amakhala ndi mafuta osungika kwambiri.

Kutalika kwambiri kwa thupi ndi 90 cm, mchirawo ndi wamfupi - pafupifupi 40 cm, kutalika kufota pafupifupi 40 cm.

Koma kukula kwa Amur Forest Cat kumasiyana kwambiri malinga ndi malo okhala ndi nyengo zachilengedwe zomwe zimakhala.

Nyamayi imakhala ndi mutu waching'ono wokhala ndi mutu wakuya komanso moyandikira kwambiri. Makutu a sing'anga kukula, m'lifupi komanso mosasiyidwa, pang'ono pang'ono. Malangizo awo ndi ozunguliridwa ndipo alibe maburashi pa iwo. Kumaso kwa auricle kuli maso "abodza", monga mitundu yonse yamphaka. Ndiye chifukwa cha zoyera izi pomwe ana mumdima amatsata amayi.

Mphuno ndi yayikulu ndi yotakata ndi lobe yotulutsa kuyambira pinki mpaka njerwa. Masaya amapangidwa bwino, kubisa nsagwada zamphamvu zam'manja zazitali komanso zamphamvu.

Pa zowonera za vidiyoyi - Manul! Koma mu kanemayo, chowonadi chimanena za mphaka wa Far East.

Mwa njira, nayi bambo wokongola pachithunzichi:

Mapira amtundu wa Far Eastern wa kutalika kwapakatikati, wamphamvu komanso wamisempha, mapepala okhala ndi m'mphepete pakati pa zala ndi zazifupi, koma zolimba kwambiri komanso zowomba zomwe sizitha kuzimiririka.

Khungu la mphaka wa ku Far East lili ndi ubweya wautali kwambiri - pafupifupi masentimita 5. Mtundu wake umatha kukhala wachikasu chakuda mpaka woderapo. Zimasinthanso kutengera nyengo ya chaka - imawala nthawi yozizira (ndipo undercoatensens), nthawi yotentha imayamba kuda. Kukhetsa kumachitika kawiri pachaka - mu nthawi yakusokonekera.

Utoto wa mphaka wa Kum'maŵa kwa Asia unapangidwa kuti ukhale mochititsa manyazi m'malo omwe umakhala ndipo umateteza kwambiri chilombo ku Ussuri taiga.

Toni yayikulu ya chovalacho ndiyopepuka kuposa mikwingwirima yakuda pamutu, kumbuyo, miyendo ndi mchira, yomwe imakhala ndi lingaliro lakuda.

Chibwano ndi m'mimba nthawi zambiri zimakhala zoyera. Pali mawanga omveka pamimba, omwe nthawi zonse amakhala ndi mtundu wa tabby. Pakhosi ndi pachifuwa nthawi zambiri pamakhala “mkanda” wa zingapo, mpaka zisanu, mphete zofiira. M'mphepete ndi kumbuyo pakati pa mikwingwiroko palinso mawanga. Kuchuluka kwawo kumadalira msinkhu - ang'ono omwe amadana nawo, iwo amakhala ochepa.

Madanga chifukwa cha undercoat yayitali mokwanira alibe malire. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ku China amatchedwa "ndalama", ndipo mwanjira amafanana ndi ndalama za dziko lino.

Mitundu ya tsitsi la achinyamata ndi yowala, nyalugwe, ukamakula umayamba kuzimiririka komanso osawoneka.

Zizolowezi ndi zizolowezi

Ngakhale Amur Forest Cat ili ndi adani ambiri, nthawi zambiri imakhala m'malo achilengedwe kwa nthawi yayitali kwambiri, mpaka zaka 18. Chilombo ichi chimasamala kwambiri ndipo chimakhala ndi moyo wopanda chisangalalo. Makamaka nyengo yozizira ya taiga, phokoso la mdaniyu likuwoneka kuti likuyandikira. Chilichonse chimapangidwa kuti chikhale ndi moyo mpaka kasupe wowala kwambiri wa Far East - kagayidwe kake kamachepa, kuthamanga kwa magazi kumachepa.

Monga mitundu yambiri ya amphaka, amphaka amkhalango a Amur ndi masanje. Kukhazikika kwa aliyense payekha kumakhala pafupifupi 10 lalikulu. km Nyama zimasamala madera awo ndikuziteteza kuti zisaphe abale awo, osazisiyira ngakhale zitakhala kuti pali mnzake woopsa - nyalugwe. Usiku, amakonza zipinda zingapo m'miyala yofundidwa ndi chipale chofewa, maboti otayidwa, miyala yamiyala.

Pofunafuna kuukira koonekera, amakonda njira zoyembekezera komanso kutsatira. Nthawi zambiri kuponya kulikonse kwa Amur Forest Cat kumakhala kolondola komanso koopsa.

Nthawi yakukhwima imayamba mchaka, panthawiyi maukwati amapangika omwe amakhalabe limodzi kwanthawi yayitali - mpaka ana a ng'ombe atadziimira okha.

Kungomveka kokhako komwe kumamveka kwa adaniwa ndi kulira kwa lipenga, ndiye kwa iwo omwe amawatcha achikazi. Nthawi zina, nyama zimangokhala chete, ngakhale zowopsa zokha. Amphaka aku Farawa ali ndi adani ambiri - kupatula akambuku, awa ndi anyani, mimbulu, owala mphungu, kadzidzi, chiwombankhanga chagolide, abusa, wolverines, martens, ferrets.

Ziwonetserozi nthawi zambiri sizikhala malo okhala, koma nthawi yobzala kapena nyengo yozizira kwambiri izi zimatha kuchitika.

Ngakhale ndi kakulidwe kakang'ono, mphaka wa Kum'mawa ndiwosaka owopsa, koma sikuti ndiye woyamba kuukira munthu ngati sateteza ana ake ndi chisa. Nyamayi imadikirira nyama yake dzuwa litalowa kapena m'bandakucha.

Amadya kwambiri makoswe, mbalame ndi nyama zazing'ono. Tizilombo tambiri totengera nyambo zazing'onoting'ono komanso zazingwe. Samapewa njoka, zikwangwani, mapata, zomwe amakumba ndi chisangalalo chapadera nthawi yachisanu kuchokera pa chisanu.

M'nyengo yotentha, amphaka a Amur amadya kwambiri - mpaka 20 mbewa kapena mbalame patsiku, nthawi zambiri amabisala nyama zosadziwika pafupi ndi kwawo. Izi ndichifukwa chakufuna kudziunjikira mafuta m'nyengo yozizira - nthawi yosaka kowerengeka komanso kongokhala.

Knitting nthawi zambiri imachitika mu Marichi-Epulo. Kenako banjali limamanga chisa m'khola lalikulu la mtengo kapena pansi pa mizu yake. Mimba mwa mkazi zimachitika chimodzimodzi - kuyambira 65 mpaka 73 masiku. Nthawi zambiri pamakhala tiana tating'ono, kuyambira wani mpaka anayi.

Kwa nthawi yoyamba, makanda azaka pafupifupi miyezi iwiri amasankhidwa pachisa. Nthawi yonseyi, bambo ndi mayi amasamalira ana amphaka ndi kuwapezera chakudya. Kenako amayamba kuphunzitsa ana maluso a kusaka komanso kudzisamalira. Pofika miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, achichepere amasiya amayi, awiriwa adagawananso mpaka mwambo wina.

Akazi amakhala okhwima pofika miyezi 10-12, amuna - mwa 1.5 zaka.

Oimira amphaka amtunduwu amaimiridwa m'malo osungira nyama zambiri padziko lapansi.

Ziweto zimayenderana bwino ndi mikhalidwe iliyonse ndipo zimaswana bwino, kusamalira ana mwachikondi. Koma amakhala atcheru ndi anthu ndipo samayesera kuti apange zibwenzi, mwachitsanzo, Caracal woyenera komanso wochezeka.

Ngakhale mu nthawi yomwe nzika zaku Far East zidatenga mphaka zomwe zidapezeka pafupi ndi amayi ake omwe adamwalirazo ndipo zidadyetsedwa ndi mphaka, kuyesera kuletsa ana awo sikunawathandize. Ndi kutha kwa nyama, nyama zimawonetsa mkhalidwe wamtchire ndipo zimayenera kuti zimasulidwe kapena kuikidwa munyanjayo.

Kusunga nyama zotere mnyumba sizabwino. Koma pali kuthekera kwa kunyongedwa pang'ono kwa anthu omwe atumizidwa koyambirira.

Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana lino, kuyesayesa kunapangidwa kuti aphatikize Amur Forest Cat. Wamphongo anali wamwano kwambiri, koma matingidwewo adachitika ndipo mbadwa zidabadwa. Felinologists satsimikiza zofunikira kubalira mtundu watsopano pamaziko a mitundu iyi, ndipo kuyera kwa nyama yapadera yamtunduwu kumatha kuvutika.

Koma asayansi a nthambi ya ku Siberian ya Russian Academy of Science, m'malo mwake, amawona mu kupulumuka kwa msewu kuti kupulumuka kwa mitundu yapaderayi, komwe kumazimiririka kumaso kwa dziko lapansi. Nthawi yomweyo, chifukwa cha zovuta zachilengedwe zomwe zimapezeka mkati, akatswiri akuti kugwiritsa ntchito umuna wa in vitro.

Kuteteza zachilengedwe

Kutalika kwa mphaka kwa Far East, ku Russia ndi ku China, kunapangitsa kuti nyamazo zithetsedwe.

Tsopano Amur Forest Cat yalembedwa mu International Red Book ngati nyama yomwe ili pangozi. Chiwerengerochi chayamba kukula pang'onopang'ono, ngakhale palibe chidziwitso chokwanira chazinyama zambiri padziko lapansi. Mwabwino - zopitilira 3,000 zolinga. Mu 2004, ndalama zokumbukira monga chifanizirochi zidaperekedwa ku Russia.

Ku Japan - m'malo osungira nyama ndi malo osungira nyama - pali nyama zana zokha. Pali woimira amtunduwu m'magulu a China ndi Russia.

Malo ambiri opezeka ku Primorsky Territory of Russia - Leopard Land, Cedar Pad, Khankaisk, Ussuriisk, Lazovsky. Mu Khabarovsk Territory - Bolshekhehiretsky.

Ndi ntchito yaumunthu yomwe imachita gawo lalikulu pakutha kwathunthu kwa mitundu yazipangidwe zachilengedwe - kuwononga nkhalango ndi kuwotcha nkhalango, kulima malo osagwirizana ndi ana, cholinga (munthawi ya Soviet) kapena kuwononga mwangozi. Chowonadi ndi chakuti, chifukwa cha kukula kwake kakang'ono, mphaka wa Far East nthawi zambiri amalowa mumsampha wokhazikitsidwa ndi ma hares.

Zabwino, ngakhale kupha mwangozi mphaka wa Amur, ndizofunikira. Kuphatikiza apo, okhala m'maderamo omwe amakhala mitunduyi amakhala akudziwitsidwa zambiri za phindu la chilombochi polimbana ndi makoswe.

Habitat

Mphaka wa Amur wafalikira ku Far East. imatha kupezeka m'chigwa cha Amur River, komanso m'mphepete mwa Nyanja ya Japan. Nyamazi ndi nzika zalamulo zaazovsky, Bolshekhekhtsirsky, Khankaysky ndi Ussuriysky nkhokwe, komanso malo osungira a Kedrovaya Pad. Amadziwika kuti "apaulendo" ena adapitako ku Trans-Baikal Territory. Malinga ndi kuyerekezera koyambirira kochitidwa ndi akatswiri amphaka izi, pali anthu pafupifupi 2000, kapena mwina ochepera, palibe amene amazivutitsa kuti awerenge.

Kanema wokhudza amphaka amtchire Amur:

Habitat

Kwa moyo wonse, amasankha malo abata omwe palibe amene angamusokoneze. Nthawi zambiri mphaka wa ku Far East amakhala kutchire lakuthengo komanso laling'ono, lopanda mitengo komanso udzu.

M'malo otseguka, iye samakhazikika. Nyamayo imachita zinthu mosamala kwambiri ndipo imakonda kukhala ndi malo obisala. Itha kupezeka kunja kwa minda kapena kufafaniza pafupi. Pali mphaka pamtunda wapansi ndi pamiyala, koma pamalo okwera pambuyo pa 500 metre simukutha kuwona.

Kodi mphaka wa ku Amur akuwoneka bwanji?

Cat ya Amur ndi nyama yaying'ono, yolemera kuyambira 4-8 kg. Kutalika kwa thupi 60-90 cm komwe pafupifupi 40 cm kumagwera mchira. Amphaka ndiakulu kuposa amphaka. Mphaka wa Amur amawoneka bwanji pachithunzichi.

Mutu wa amphaka a Amur ndi wozungulira, pamphumi ndi kumtunda. Makutu ali otakasa kwambiri, ang'ono, ozunguliridwa, otsogola kutsogolo komanso pang'ono kummbali. Maso ndi akulu, amawonekera, amakhazikika pang'ono ndipo ali pafupi ndi pafupi. Mphuno ndi yotakata, yowongoka ndi lobe wamkulu wowoneka bwino. Mapiritsi ang'onoang'ono owongoka bwino a vibrissae, omwe amakwaniritsa chibwano cholimba.

Mu 2004, mphaka wa Amur adawonetsedwa pandalama zasiliva kuchokera pamndandanda "Red Book of Russia" wopanga ruble 1.

Amphaka amur ndi nyama zolimba, zokutira bwino pamiyendo yayitali yokhala ndi minofu yolimba komanso chovala chowala. Mtundu wake ndiwachikasu m'munsi mwa thupi ndi imvi kutuwa kumtunda. Malo ofiira akuda amwazungulira thupi lonse, ndipo mikwingwirima yakuda imakongoletsa mutu ndi nkhope.

Zojambula zakunja

Mphaka wa Amur ndi wokongola, ngati nthumwi zonse za banja lino. Thupi limakhala lolimba ndi minofu yolimba, yokhala ndi mawonekedwe. Mutu wake ndi wopindika, wamtambo komanso wamtali wautali. Gulu lokwanira, lokhazikika limayenda m'mphuno. Mapazi amakhala ndi kutalika kwapakati. Zovala sizitali, zopindika pansi. Makutu ang'onoang'ono owongoka alibe macheke kumapeto. Mchira wake sukulimba, wokutidwa ndi ubweya wonenepa. Pakamwa pamakhala kulimba. Makungu a nsagwada yapamwamba ndi yayitali komanso yamphamvu kwambiri.

Mphaka wa Amur ali ndi chovala chambiri, chachifupi komanso chokulirapo. M'nyengo yozizira, imakhala yopepuka komanso yotentha kuposa nthawi yachisanu. Kutalika kwa tsitsi latsalirilo kumafika masentimita 5. Mtundu wa mphaka ndi wa imvi kapena wachikasu, wofiirira. M'mimba ndi m'mbali ndi zopepuka kuposa kumbuyo. Malo owoneka bwino okhala ndi utoto wofiirira wakuda ndi malire akuda bii amawoneka pamtunda wakumbuyo.

Kumbuyo kwa chinyama kuli mzere umodzi wakuda kapena 3 yopapatiza. Pamalo pakhosi, mikwingwirima yofiyira imawoneka bwino, kuchuluka kwake kumayambira 4 mpaka 5. Mikwingwirima yakuda yomwe imasunthidwa amalembedwa pamiyendo ndi mchira, koma ndizovuta kusiyanitsa nayo. Malo omwe ali m'mimba ndi opepuka.

Pamwamba pa malo pali malo oyera oyera omwe amawoneka ngati nsidze. Makutu ali oyera utoto lakunja, ndipo utoto wakuda, pafupifupi wakuda umayenda m'mphepete mwake. Ndi zaka, kuchuluka kwa mawanga mu nyamayo kumachepa, ndipo amphaka Amur amatenga mtundu wowonjezera.

Far Eastern Forest Cat kuthengo

Ngakhale kuti amphaka amtchire Amur adalembedwa mu Buku Lofiyira, nyama izi ndizofala ku Far East. Amadziwa purr wotere ku China, komanso ku Japan, komanso ku Islands Islands. Popeza mitunduyi imakonda kusamukira, zisindikizo za Far East zimawonedwanso m'madera monga Indonesia, Java, Sumatra, komanso Burma ndi Nepal.

Amphaka amtchire ku Amur ali ndi magawidwe osiyanasiyana

Zizolowezi za mphaka wa Amur

Amphaka am'mawa aku Far East amadziwika kuti ndi amodzi mwa anthu obisika kwambiri komanso amanyazi a mabanja awo. Kuphatikiza apo, monga abale ake ena akutchire, nyama iyi imakhala ndi moyo wosangalala usiku. Ndipo masana amakhala nthawi "chisa" chake kapena m'malo obisika osankhidwa ngati khoma.

Amphaka Amtchire Amur - Osaka a Nimble

Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, pakhoza kukhala "nyumba" zingapo mu mphaka wa Far East, ndipo palibe imodzi yomwe imatsalira popanda chidwi nthawi yotentha ili pabwalo. M'nyengo yozizira, nyama imasankha m'nyumba yabwino kwambiri komanso yabwino kwambiri, momwe imabisala chisanu chokhazikika.

Amphaka a Amur amakhala ndi moyo wamtundu, kusonkhana m'magulu a anthu asanu ndi amodzi ndi asanu ndi limodzi mpaka nthawi yayitali. Pambuyo pake nyama iliyonse imalowa mgululi, ndipo imayang'anira mwansanje. Malo osaka, monga lamulo, ali pamtunda wamakilomita khumi.

Koma amene kambuku wa kambuku amakonda kusaka:

• ma mbewa, makoswe, ndi makoswe ena (kutengera komwe mumakhala),
• agologolo, amuna othandizira,
• muskrats, hedgehogs,
• mbalame (kuyambira ma jay kupita ku falcons),
• hahe, zodandaula.

Amphaka aku Far East ali ndi malingaliro olimba mtima komanso odalirika, kotero sawopa kuchita nawo nkhondo ngakhale ndi ana agalu ndi agalu ang'onoang'ono. Nthawi yomweyo, oyeretsa olimba mtima amenewa sakanakonda kudya mazira a mbalame ndi nsomba zochokera m'malo osungira pafupi.

Malangizo osaka a Amur amakhudzanso kuwukira. Chilombocho nthawi zina chimangofunika kuponya mkono umodzi ndi zolinga zabwino, kotero kuti wolakwiridwayo ali m'manja mwake.

Zokhudza banja

Ikakwana nthawi yoti ayambitse banja (pafupifupi pakati pa Marichi chaka chilichonse), amphaka a Amur omwe akutsogolera miyoyo yachisangalalo ndi okhazikika amalumikizana ndi akazi omwe amawakonda ndikuyamba kulimbana kwa "mtima wa dona".

Ana amphaka a ku Eastern ali ndi ana okongola kwambiri

Malinga ndi zotsatira za mpikisano, mphakayu amakhala ndi pakati ndipo amanyamula ana awowo kwa masiku 67-72. Chakumapeto kwa kasupe, ana omwe akuyembekezeredwa kwa nthawi yayitali amawonekera kudzenje la banja lina la Far East. Ma Kittens amabadwa ali akhungu, ndipo mu zinyalala mulibe anthu opitilira atatu kapena anayi.

Masiku khumi pambuyo pake, maso aana amatseguka, ndipo anawo ayamba kufunafuna mwachangu gawo la dzenje. Pakatha mwezi ndi theka kapena miyezi iwiri, amphaka amaloledwa kale zisa za ana kuchokera "chisa". Bambo wa banjali amatenganso nawo mbali pa maphunziro a ana. Mphaka umabweretsa nyama ndipo umateteza nyumba kwa adani ena.

Pofika mwezi wachisanu kapena wachisanu ndi chimodzi, kukula kwachinyamata kumayima pawokha ndikudziwa kale kusaka. Pakadali pano, oyeretsa mwamphamvu amachoka kwawo kwa makolo ndikuyamba kupanga madera atsopano. Nthawi yomweyo, kutha kwa atsikana amtundu wa Amur kumachitika mu miyezi 12-16.

Amphaka a Kum'mawa akutali amakhala ndi zaka zapakati pa 9-16, osiyanitsidwa ndi chitetezo chokwanira komanso kuthana ndi zoopsa.

Moyo ndi zizolowezi

Zochepa kwambiri zomwe zimadziwika zokhudzana ndi moyo ndi chikhalidwe cha amphaka a Amur, mwachiwonekere chifukwa nthawi zonse anali pamithunzi, pamthunzi wamitengo ndi Akambuku Amur.

Pali umboni kuti amphaka a Amur ndi amodzi, ndiye kuti, amasankha wokwatirana naye moyo. Izi siziri konse zikhalidwe za amphaka ndipo amakayikira. Amadziwika kuti mphaka amathandiza mphaka kulera ana. Amphaka a Amur amafika msanga kwambiri. Ali ndi zaka 1 zakubadwa ali okonzeka kubereka. Amakwatirana, monga ziyenera kukhalira amphaka, mu Marichi. mimba imatenga masiku 60-70. Amphaka a Amur nthawi zambiri samakhala ndi zida zopitilira zinayi mu zinyalala zawo. Chiyembekezo cha moyo ndi zaka 16 mpaka 17.

Amphaka amasaka pafupipafupi nthawi yamadzulo. Zakudyazo zimakhala ndi nyama zazing'ono, makoswe ndi mbalame. Mwambiri, amphaka a Amur amadyera chilichonse chomwe chili chaching'ono kuposa iwo. Nthawi zina sindisamala kudya zokwawa, tizilombo, komanso nthawi zina, nsomba. Ngati muli ndi mwayi, ndipo amphaka Amur amapunthwa pazotsalira za maphwando a kambuku kapena kambuku, ndiye kuti simuyenera kusaka. Ma Cupid amakwera mitengo kwambiri, kubisala kumtunda kwa adani achilengedwe.

Ndikosavuta kunena kuti amphakawa ndi owopsa bwanji, akakumana ndi anthu, amayesa kupuma ndipo sayandikira dera la anthropogenic. Ngakhale kuti njala si azakhali. Mu 2010, amphaka aku Far East adayamba kuwononga nkhuku ku Primorsky Territory chifukwa nyengo yozizira idayamba. Matalala atayamba kusungunuka, kunalibe amphaka.

Amphaka a Amur sakonda chipale chofewa. Panthawi ya chipale chofewa, amatha kuchoka panjapo kwa milungu ingapo mpaka kutumphuka. Amakhala m'malo otetezedwa ndi nyama zina, nthawi yotentha imadzipangira zisavalo m'mabango ndi mizu ya mitengo. Nthawi zambiri, mphaka imakhala ndi malo osakhalapo angapo pamalopo ndipo nthawi yozizira imakhala yokha, yabwino kwambiri komanso yotetezeka.

Kuphunzira kwa mphaka wa Amur kochokera kwa WCS (kanema):

Zambiri Zofalitsa

Nthawi ya estrus, awiri amapanga pakati pa mphaka ndi mphaka. M'madera ena, nthawi yogulitsa imatha chaka chonse. Atatenga pakati, mkaziyo amabereka ana kwa masiku 65-72. Osowa kwambiri, amakhala ndi mphaka 4, nthawi zambiri amakhala mu makanda a ana osaganizira awiri, 1-2. Mayi wachichepere amateteza ana ake, koma amphongo amatenga nawo mbali pantchito yakulera. Ali ndi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, agalu amachoka pogona ndikuyamba kukhala moyo wodziyimira pawokha.

Kutha msambo kumachitika pa miyezi 8-18. Kutalika kwa moyo wa mphaka wa Kum'mawa kwa ukapolo ndi zaka 20, kuthengo - zaka 15-18.

Monga amphaka ena amtchire, Mphaka Wamtchire ya Amur ndiyovuta kwambiri kuyipirira. Kuphatikiza apo, chinsinsi chimabadwa mkati mwake, chomwe chimalepheretsa kuyanjana ndi anthu. M'pofunika kunena kuti palibe amene anayesa kuwasokoneza. Amphaka amur ndi osadulidwa ndipo sakanakhoza kukhala ndi chidwi ndi eni mphaka.

Amphaka a Amur ali ndi malo osungira nyama.

Paukapolo, nyama zimaswana bwino, koma anthu akupitiliza kukhala oopa anthu. Ngati wina akufunabe kukhala ndi mphaka wa Amur, ayenera kumusunga muulendo wapaulendo owuluka bwino. Mutha kudyetsa makoswe ndi mbalame kamodzi patsiku.

Njira zachitetezo

Zambiri pa kuchuluka kwa amphaka a Amur kulibe. Chifukwa cha chinsinsi chawo, ndizosatheka kuwerengetsa mwina. Ngakhale izi, mphaka wa ku Far East walembedwa m'buku la Red Book of the Russian Federation.

Zoopsa zazikuluzikulu za mtundu wa banja latsopanoli ndi izi: nyengo yanyumba, kuwonongeka kwawoko ndi kudutsa kwamphaka ndi amphaka am'nyumba. Kupulumutsa amphaka a m'nkhalango, njira zikutengedwa kuti aziteteze mwanjira yoletsedwa kwathunthu kusodza komanso kugwidwa mwangozi. Komanso pakati pa alenje ndi kuchuluka kwa anthu, ntchito yofotokozera yayitali ikuchitika pazofunikira komanso kufunika kosamalira mitunduyi mndandanda wazikhalidwe zamtchire. Amadziwika kuti m'zaka zaposachedwa chiwerengero cha anthu omwe adayamba kuchuluka.

Tikukupemphani kuti muwerenge: Kafotokozedwe ka chakudya cha amphaka Leonardo

Milandu yosangalatsa

Koma pamakhala zochitika zachidwi. Kuti aphunzire moyo wa nyama zosowa chonchi, asayansi azaumoyo ku Far East amaika kolala pama radio. Koma, mwachilengedwe, mphaka wamtchire wazodziyimira payekha sangachite izi. Chifukwa chake, kunkhalangoyi amaika maselo apadera a msampha wokhala ndi nyambo yokoma.

Chifukwa chake, m'modzi wolumala, yemwe anaikidwa kolala ya wayilesi ndikumasulidwa kuthengo, anakonda chisomo kwambiri kotero kuti anakhazikika pafupi ndi msampha poyembekezera gawo latsopano la zakatsitsimutso. Ndipo ndizomwe zidadabwitsa asayansi atapeza mobwerezabwereza mumsodzi wa mphaka womwewo, atakhala ndi kolala m'khosi mwake!

Koma nkhaniyi, ndizachidziwikire. Amphaka amtchire Akutchire Akutchire sanyansidwa, amachita manyazi kwambiri ndipo, akagwidwa, amathawa nthawi yoyamba. Munthu samazunzidwa - kumangodziteteza. Kuthengo, nyama zoterezi zimangokhala zaka 10 mpaka 15, nthawi zina mpaka zaka 18.

Mphaka wa Kum'mawa Kofotokozera: kufotokozera, deta yakunja

Mphaka wa nyalugwe ponseponse amafikira kutalika kwa 75-90 sentimita, ndipo mchira wowonda - pafupifupi masentimita 37. Mutu umakhala wocheperako, ndipo miyendo ndiyitali. Pamutu pali makutu ang'onoang'ono, opanda masamba, omwe amakupatsani mwayi kuti musokoneze mphaka ndi achibale ake ena owopsa. Maso ali moyandikana ndipo sakhala patali ndi mnzake. Chilengedwe cholusa chimatha kukhala ndi mano komanso mivi yayitali, ndipo zikhadabo ndizifupi koma zamphamvu kwambiri.

Ili ndi tsitsi lofewa. Tsitsi la Network pamsana wakumbuyo limafikira mamilimita 49, motero mphaka imatha kuzolowera moyo wachisanu. Mtundu waukulu wa zisanu ndi chimodziwo ndi wa imvi kapena wachikasu komanso wamtambo wakuda. Mawonekedwe onse ndi osalala komanso amtundu wina. Mtundu wa m'mbali mwake umayamba kuwala pang'ono pang'ono kupita kumimba. Utoto kumbuyo ndi wakuda kwambiri kuposa m'mbali. Mikwingwirima itatu yakuda, yomwe idapangidwa kuchokera m'malo otambalala, ikuwonekera bwino pa iyo. Nthawi zina, mawanga amayamba kuphatikiza ndi lamba wautali.

Kudera lakhosalo la nyama ili ndi mikwingwirima ingapo yosalala, pamiyendo yakutsogolo kuli mizere yopingasa ya utoto wowala. Mphaka ali ndi mimba yoyera ndi tinge yachikasu. Masamba ndi ofanana ndi ndalama zaku China, choncho aku China amawatcha amtunduwo "mphaka ndalama". Mikwendo iwiri yoyera yotambasuka kuchokera kumakona amkati amaso pamphumi ndi korona, pakati pawo amawona mzere wina wofiyira womwe umayambira pamphuno kupita pamphumi mpaka kutsogolo. Mchira sungakhale wa monochrome wokha, komanso wokhala ndi mtundu wakuda, pomwe mphete zisanu ndi ziwiri zodziwika ndizowonekera. Ku nsonga, mchira umapakidwa utoto wakuda kwambiri kapena wakuda.

Zizolowezi ndi moyo

Mphaka wamtchire amasamala kwambiri, komanso amakhala wamanyazi. Zindikirani kuti sizophweka. Komanso, amaopa anthu ndipo amayesetsa kuti asagwire.

M'miyala yamiyala, m'maenje akale, m'maenje oyala, amapangira chisa chake. Monga nyama zina zomwe zimadyetsa banja, mphaka wamtchire amakhala ndi nthawi yayitali kwambiri komanso usiku. Masana amagona m'chipale chofunda, ndipo kumdima kuyamba kusaka.

Nyama zazing'ono zamagazi ofunda zimamupatsa chakudya. Choyamba, izi, ndizachidziwikire, ndizopanga zamitundu yonse. Komabe, ochulukirapo okhala m'nkhalangomo - monga maula, agologolo, muskrats - nawonso akhoza kukhala olandidwa ndi mdani uyu.

Pali nthawi zina pomwe mphaka wa Amur adazunza agwape ang'ono ndikuwonekera wogonjetsa. Ngakhale oimira banja la ofera, zonyansa ndi zothina, zitha kugwera pakamwa pake. Zowona, iwonso pawokha amadana kwambiri ndi mphaka wamtchire, chifukwa chake nkhondo ngati imeneyi siyidziwika pasadakhale. Ndipo, zoona, mbalame: zimapanga gawo lofunikira la kadyedwe kazinyengoyi.Chifukwa cha nsapato zake, imakwera mitengo mosavuta, motero sizimamugulira chilichonse kuti agwire jay osasamala kapena kuwononga chisa.

Amphaka amtchire ku Amur sakonda kuwombana mwachindunji. Amakonda kusaka kubisalira, popeza nthambi za mitengo nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Komabe, ngakhale atabisa chinsinsi komanso kukula kocheperako, ngati kuli kofunikira, samazengereza kumenya nkhondo yotseguka ngakhale ndi mdani wamkulu kuposa iyo.

Kulimba mtima komanso kutengera zinthu zamtchire zimawapangitsa kukhala otsutsa kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, pafupi ndi nyumba yomwe anthu amakhala, "Money Cat" nthawi zambiri imatsutsa makoswe a pasyuk. Ngakhale agalu ankhanza omwe ali ochulukirapo kangapo kuposa agaluwa nthawi zonse sangathe kulimbana ndi makoswe olusa komanso owopsa awa, koma mphaka wa Far East nthawi zambiri amatuluka kunkhondo ngati wopambana. Ndipo asaka ambiri aku Pomeranian amavomereza kuti amakonda kukomana ndi nkhokwe yayikulu kuthengo kuposa ndi mphaka wokongola uyu.

Mawonekedwe

Mphaka wamtchire wa Amur ndi nyama yokulirapo, ngakhale kuti ndi yamphaka zazing'ono. Kulemera kwake ndi pafupifupi makilogalamu 15, ndipo kutalika kwa thupi lopanda mchira ndi masentimita 90. Mchirawo umawonjezera mpaka 40 cm.

Miyendo ya mphaka ndiyitali komanso yolimba, yokhala ndi minofu yolimba. Mutu ndi wopindika. Mchira wake ndi woonda. Chovalacho ndi chotsika komanso chotsika. Imakhala yofewa kwambiri kukhudza. Kutalika kwa tsitsi lakunja kuli mpaka masentimita 5. Ubweya umateteza nyamayo bwino ku kutentha, kuzizira ndi chinyezi, pomwe mphaka umatha kulekerera nyengo zosiyanasiyana nyengo.

Maonekedwe a tsitsi la nyama ndi zovuta komanso zowala, ndichifukwa chake mphaka wa Kum'mawa amatchedwanso nyalugwe:

• kumbuyo kwake kwakukulu ndi kasooka
• mawonekedwe okhala ozungulira ngati mtundu wakuda bii,
• mtundu wowala pamimba.

Zingwe zopangidwa ndi tsitsi la bulauni zimapita kumbuyo kwa mphaka. Zomangira sizikhala zopatukana bwino nthawi zonse ndipo zimatha kuphatikizana kukhala imodzi yopitilizabe, pomwe kumbuyo kwake kwa nyama kumawoneka kwamdima. Maonekedwe a mphaka wa Far East ndiwokongola ndipo sataya mawonekedwe ake amtchire.

Kodi mphaka wa ku Amur amadya chiyani?

Chithunzi: Amur Forest Cat kuchokera ku Red Book

Zolemba za chakudya zimadalira nyengo ndi nyengo. M'nyengo yotentha, nyengo yozizira isanayambike, amphaka amayesa kudzipeza pazambiri zamafuta kuti apirire kuzizira komanso kusowa kwa chakudya. M'nyengo yotentha, mphaka m'modzi amatha kudya mbewa ziwiri kapena zitatu ndi mbalame zingapo, ngakhale ndizochepa kwambiri. Chifukwa chakudya zochuluka chotere nyengo yotentha, nyamayo singadye chilichonse m'nyengo yozizira kwa masabata angapo.

Chosangalatsa: Ngakhale kuti amphaka ena onse amadyera mwachilengedwe komanso osaka abwino, amphaka amtchire la Amur siwofanana nawo. Nthawi zambiri amachoka kunyumba kwake, kudikirira kuti abwerere m'khola mwake. Mwanjira imeneyi, nthawi zina amakwanitsa zokwanira makoswe.

Dongosolo latsamba la nkhalango ya Amur:

Nthawi zina, amphaka amathanso kugwira nyama yayikulu - kabulu kakang'ono kapena ngulu. Sizachilendo kuti nyama zodyerazi nthawi zambiri zimakonda kusaka, koma mwachilengedwe zimapatsidwa chisomo chodabwitsa komanso luso lotha kusaka. Amasankha malo oti abisalire ndikudikirira omwe akuwatsutsa. Kusaka nthawi zambiri kumakhala kopambana, chifukwa akamakwera mitengo yayitali kwambiri ndipo amatha kuthana nazo kuchokera pamwamba.

Nthawi zambiri, wozunzidwayo alibe nthawi yoti amvetse kuti adzawonongedwa. Chidwi cholusa chimamugwira ndikumaluma khosi lake ndikutalika kwakanthawi. Nthawi zambiri amasaka mumdima, ndipo masana amabisala m'malo awo obisalamo. Ngati amphaka amakhala pafupi ndi malo okhala anthu, amatha kusaka nkhuku ndi nkhuku zina.

Mawonekedwe a machitidwe ndi moyo wawo

Chithunzi: Amur Forest Cat nthawi yozizira

Mwachilengedwe, amphaka a Amur ndi nyama yosasinthika, yachisomo, komanso yochenjera kwambiri. Amakonda kukhala okha. Ndikayamba masika, nthawi yakubzala ikayamba, amasonkhana m'magulu.

Malo onse okhala amphaka a ku Amur agawidwa pakati pa anthu m'mabwalo. Kwa munthu aliyense wamkulu, pafupifupi mamailosi 8-10 pamakhala kofunikira. Izi zimakonda kwambiri dera lomwe zimakhala. Amangozisiya pokhapokha pokhapokha pakachitika ngozi. Amatetezanso gawo lomwe amakhala kuchokera kwa alendo osawadziwa. Nthawi zambiri nyama ikagwidwa ndi amphaka, amabwera kudzakumana naye.

Mwachilengedwe, olusa amapatsidwa nzeru zapamwamba komanso mzimu wachangu. Nyama zambiri zimadziwa izi, ndipo zimazengereza kuukira mphaka, ngakhale kukula kwake kuli kocheperako kangapo. Pakukonzekera kapena kulimbana, amakonda njira zoyembekezera. Amawunika bwinobwino momwe zinthu ziliri. Zochita za mphaka aliyense ndizabwino kwambiri.

Zoyang'anira zimakonda kusankha mwaluso ndikukonzekera malo okhala. Amasankha malo omwe nditha kubisala kwa aliyense. Izi zitha kukhala miyala, malo oundana a nkhalango, komwe nkovuta kupeza.

Amphaka a Amur mwina sanena mawu. Pafupifupi chinthu chokhacho chomwe nyama zimafalitsa ndicho kuwomba kwa lipenga kumene amuna amatcha akazi. Nyama zimasinthidwa bwino kuti zipulumuke nyengo yozizira. Amachepetsa njira zonse za metabolic komanso magazi amayenda.

Kapangidwe ka anthu ndi kubereka

Chithunzi: Amur Forest Cat m'chilengedwe

Nyengo yakukhwima ya nyama imagwera kumapeto kwa mwezi wa February - mwezi wa Marichi. Munthawi imeneyi, kubangula kwa abambo kumagawidwa nthawi zonse m'nkhalango, mwanjira imeneyi kumalimbikitsa akazi kuti akwatire ndi kukwatirana. Iyi ndi nthawi yokhayo yomwe anthu amalumikizana awiriawiri kuti abereke ana ndi maphunziro awo.

Pambuyo pa kukhwima, nthawi yayitali imayamba, yomwe imatenga mpaka milungu khumi. Mkazi aliyense amatha kubereka pafupifupi ana atatu kapena atatu. Amphaka amtchire ku Amur ndi makolo abwino kwambiri omwe amasamalira ana awo kwambiri.

Amphaka ang'onoang'ono amabadwa omwe ali osayenera kwathunthu kuti azikhala pawokha. Iwo ndi akhungu, pafupifupi opanda tsitsi. Mphaka amawadyetsa mkaka wawo mpaka miyezi itatu. Masiku khumi atabadwa, maso awo amatseguka, komanso kudzera mu chikhumbo chofuna kudziwa dziko lapansi mozungulira miyezi 1.5-2. Pofika miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, amakhala atakonzeka kupatukana ndi makolo awo.

Poyamba, amphaka amachitira nsanje ana awo, chifukwa amadziwa kuti ali ndi adani ambiri, ndipo amphaka satha kudziteteza. Pakachitika ngozi, amphaka nthawi yomweyo amakokera ana awo kumalo ena obisika. Makolo onsewa amatenga nawo mbali polera ana. Ntchito yaimuna ndi kuteteza ndi kupatsa chakudya ana ake ndi akazi.

Pali nthawi zina pamene amurabu a Amur adasiya ana awo. Izi zimachitika kawirikawiri, komanso ndi akazi achikhalidwe chokha. Nthawi zambiri mphaka zomwe zimasiyidwa nthawi zambiri zinkatoleredwa ndi amphaka ogwidwa ndikudzutsa. Chifukwa chofanana ndi amphaka am'makomo mu nyama zomwe zimakhala pafupi ndi malo okhala, pamakhala milandu yofanana ndi amphaka am'makomo.

Chosangalatsa: Akatswiri a zojambula zam'madzi anatha kudziwa kuti chifukwa cha mtanda wotere, amuna onse amabadwa opanda chonde, ndipo akazi amatha kubereka.

Adani Achilengedwe Achilengedwe a Amur Forest

Chithunzi: Cat Amur Forest Cat

Ngakhale kuti amphaka amkhalango a Amur ndiwosaka bwino, osamala kwambiri komanso othamanga, ali ndi adani ambiri achilengedwe.

Adani achilengedwe a nyama:

Aliyense wa adani omwe ali pamwambapa sadzaphonya mwayi, nthawi zina, kuti akasakire amphaka a nkhalango ya Amur, kapena ana ake. Choopseza chapadera kwa zinyama chikuyimiriridwa ndi adani ausiku omwe amapita kukasaka usiku, nthawi yomweyo amphaka a Amur. Zoyang'anira zowopsa ndizowopsa osati zazikulu kwa anthu akuluakulu, anthu okhwima, ngati ana amphaka ochepa komanso opanda chitetezo. Akuluakulu amakhala ovuta kuwatsata, chifukwa sizimachoka pogona pabwino.

Kuphatikiza apo, saopa kumenya nkhondo ngakhale ndi ena akuluakulu komanso odziwa zambiri. Nthawi zambiri pam nkhondo yolingana, amphaka amapambana chifukwa chofulumira komanso mwachinyengo. Nthawi zambiri anthu saopseza nyama. Sakusakidwa kapena kuwomberedwa. M'mayiko ambiri padziko lapansi, nyama zodyerazi amazigula ndi kuzigawana ngati ziweto.

Chiwerengero cha anthu ndi mitundu

Chithunzi: Kodi mphaka wa ku Amur akuwoneka bwanji?

Chifukwa chosasamala ndi kusasamala kwa anthu, amphaka amkhalango a Amur anali atatsala pang'ono kutha. Pankhaniyi, adalembedwa mu Red Book of Russia. Amatetezedwa ndi msonkhano wama Sites. Malinga ndi malangizo a omalizirawo, akatswiri odziwa zachipatala ayesetsa kwambiri kuti apange amphaka amur. Masiku ano akupezeka m'malo osungira zachilengedwe komanso malo osungira nyama. Pamenepa, chiwonjezeko cha kuchuluka kwa zidyamakanda tawonedwa posachedwapa.

Choopseza chachikulu kwa amoyo awa oimira banja la amphaka ndicho kuchepedwa kwa malo okhala zachilengedwe. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kudula mitengo mwachisawawa, kulima minda ndikutukuka madera akuluakulu ndi munthu. Udindo wofunikira kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwamoto wamoto womwe udaseweredwa. Mwanjira yocheperako, dziko la anthu lidakhudzidwa ndi kubedwa, kuphatikiza ndi amphaka am'makomo, komanso kusaka.

Madera ambiri okhazikika ndi ambiri amakhalapobe kumadera a Khankaisk ndi Khasan a Primorsky Territory. M'magawo awa, kuchuluka kwa anthu ndi 3-4 peresenti. M'gawo lonse la Primorsky, pafupifupi anthu 3,000. Ku Japan, kuchuluka kwa amphaka awa ndi ochepa kwambiri, pafupifupi anthu asanu ndi mmodzi mpaka asanu ndi awiri amakhala kumalo osungira nyama, komwe akatswiri a nyama amafufuza.

Alonda Amakati Akutchire Amur

Chithunzi: Amur Forest Cat kuchokera ku Red Book

Amphaka am'mawa aku Far a adalembedwa mu Buku Lofiira. Akuyang'aniridwa. Ku Japan, nyama nazonso zimatetezedwa ndi boma. Mu Buku Lofiyira Lapadziko Lonse, nyama zamtunduwu zimapatsidwa mwayi wokhala ndi mitundu yomwe ili pangozi. Posachedwa, kuchuluka kwa mitunduyi kunayamba kukula pang'onopang'ono. Malinga ndi asayansi, kuchuluka kwa nyama padziko lonse lapansi sikupitilira anthu anayi. Mu 2004, Russia idaperekanso ndalama zachikumbutso zosonyeza mphaka wa Amur ngati chizindikiro chakuti nyama izi ziyenera kusungidwa.

Nyama zimakhala m'malo ambiri osungirako nyama ndi malo osungira nyama a Primorsky Territory:

• leopard land
• pac pad
• Hankai
• Ussuri
• Lazovsky.

Mu Khabarovsk Territory amasungidwa mdziko la Bolshekhekheretsky Reserve. M'madera omwe nyamayo imakhala m'malo achilengedwe, chindapusa chokhazikitsidwa pamalipiro chimaperekedwa chifukwa chopha. Kuphatikiza apo, kukambirana kwatsatanetsatane kumachitika ndi anthu amtunduwu za zabwino za amphaka polimbana ndi makoswe ndi tizirombo tina komanso onyamula matenda oopsa opatsirana.

Mphaka Wamtchire wa Amur - Uyu ndi woimira komanso wokoma kwambiri wa banja la feline, yemwe adawopsezedwa kuti atha. Masiku ano, munthu yekha ndi amene amadalira ngati kuchuluka kwa nyama kungathe kuchira.

Mawonekedwe amoyo

Palibe chidziwitso chokwanira chokhudza moyo wamtundu wamtundu wa Amur chomwe chimatsogolera pansi pazachilengedwe chifukwa sichinaphunziridwe pang'ono chifukwa cha kupezeka kwake. Komanso, kusasamala amphaka kumalumikizananso ndikuti mphamvu zazikuluzowerengera nyama zamtchire m'deralo momwe zimakhazikitsidwa nthawi zonse zimayang'aniridwa kumapeto a Amur, ndipo abale ang'onoang'ono sanayambitsa chidwi chokwanira pakati pa akatswiri osamalira nyama.

Chiwerengero chofanana ndi amphaka a Amur sichinakhazikitsidwe. Zambiri zotsimikiziridwa zokhudzana ndi mphaka wa Amur ndizotsatirazi :

• moyo wokhala ndi zaka 17,
• uchikulire wazaka 1,
• nthawi yayitali kuyambira masiku 60 mpaka 70,
• kuchuluka kwamwana wamkati ndi 4,
• kukulitsa mphaka zamphaka ndi mphaka.

Malinga ndi malipoti osatsimikizika, titha kunena kuti mphaka wa Amur amasiyanitsidwa ndi monogamy. Izi zikutanthauza kuti pobereka amphaka a Amur nthawi zonse amasankhidwa. Samasinthana othandizana nawo popitiliza moyo wawo. Khalidwe lotere silimawonedwa mumphaka zina, chifukwa chake sizingatheke kunena motsimikiza kuti mphaka aliyense wa Amur amasiyanitsidwa ndi izi.

Nyama zimasaka makamaka madzulo. Kulingalira kowonjezereka kwa kukhudza ndi kuwona kwamphamvu ndi mphaka wa Amur kumamupangitsa kuti azitha kupeza mosavuta nyama, ngakhale mumdima. Kudya kwamphaka kumakhala makamaka ndi nyama yotsatira :

Pofotokoza mwachidule za kadyedwe, titha kunena kuti mphaka wa Amur amapondera aliyense amene amamuchepetsa. Ngati ndi kotheka, amatha kugwira tizilombo, thukuta ndi nsomba, koma amphaka a Amur samachita izi nthawi zambiri, koma m'malo mopezeka njira yopezera masewera wamba.

Mphaka wa Amur samakana zotsalazo zomwe zimadyedwa zikuluzikulu. Zinthu zikafika pamenepa, amatha kukhala pafupi ndi chakudya masiku angapo, ndipo zikavuta amatha kuthawira kukongola kwa mtengo, kukwera mosavuta mpaka pamutu pake. Mphaka wamtundu wa Amur umaposa mphaka wakunyumba movutikira kukwera mitengo.

Poyerekeza ndi anthu, nyamayo imadziwika kuti siyankhanza, koma izi sizinatsimikiziridwe kwenikweni, chifukwa amphaka akamayandikira anthu, amphaka amtchire amangochokapo. Mphaka wa Amur amatha kuwoneka pafupi ndi malo okhala anthu pokhapokha ngati kuli kovuta kupeza chakudya m'malo ake. M'zaka za njala, makamaka mu 2010, pomwe nthawi yozizira inkakhala yayitali komanso yachisanu mu Primorsky Territory, adayamba kuyendera nyumba, kuwononga ngakhale mbalame zazikulu. Maluwa atangochoka, amphaka anasiya kuyendera midzi ndikuyamba kupita kumalo awo achilengedwe. Amphaka a Amur amasamukira akalumikizidwa ndi kusintha kwa chakudya.

Chifukwa chosakonda chipale chofewa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kwambiri kuti mphaka azingoyendayenda, nthawi yayitali ikakhala chipale chofewa amatha kukhalamo. Kutumphuka kwamkaka kukapangidwa, nyamazo zimakhalanso zomasuka.

M'nyengo yotentha, mphaka wa Amur amadziphimba yekha ndi malo okhala kwakanthawi pamizu ya mitengo ndi mabango, nthawi zina amagwiritsa ntchito zingwe za nyama zina. Kwa nyengo yozizira, khola limodzi lotenthetsera lokhalo limakhazikitsidwa, pomwe mphaka limakhala otetezeka kwathunthu. Nthawi zonse imakhala yosagonjetseka ndi zilombo zazikulu ndipo imakhazikika kuti mphepo isawomba.

Kugwira

Mphaka wamtchire ku Amur sataya zikhalidwe zawo zamtchire, ngakhale ataleredwa muukapolo kuyambira ali aang'ono. Kuyesa sikungatheke. Nyama ndiyosamala kwambiri mwachilengedwe. Sakufuna gulu la anthu, chifukwa chake samayesera konse kuti apange mphaka kuti ikhale yovuta. Monga chiweto, mphaka wa Amur alibe chidwi.

M'malo angapo osungira nyama, amphaka a Amur samangosungidwa bwino, komanso amaweta. Ngakhale amphaka amabadwira mu ukapolo ndikukula ndi kukhalapo kwa munthu, samataya mawonekedwe awo amtchire ndipo amakhala ndi chidwi ndi owasamalira omwe amawasamalira. Mphaka wam'mawa wa Kum'mawa nthawi zambiri samachepetsa. Ndikosatheka kulumikizana ndi nyama ndikumenya.

Amphaka amtchire ku Amur ngati ziweto sizikulimbikitsidwa ndi akatswiri, koma nthawi zina amateurs amasungabe nyamazo kunyumba.

Mtengo wa mphaka wa ku Amur ndiwokwera. Mutha kupeza mphaka yogulitsa, koma yosavuta. Ngati pazifukwa zina munthu wasankha kupeza mphaka wa m'nkhalango ya Amur, wina ayenera kuganizira zingapo zofunika kuti azisamalira. Zazikulu :

• kufunikira kwa mpanda wolimba,
• Maulendo ochepera a nyamayi ndi anthu
• khalani chete makoswe,
• nthawi ndi nthawi kudyetsa mbalame zobiriwira.

Ngati simutsatira malamulo ofunikira, moyo wa amphaka a Amur, mosakayikira, udzatha molakwika kwa nyamayo ndi mwini wake. Simuyenera kusankha chiweto ngati simukufuna kukhala ndi chilombo chapafupi, chomwe sichimva chisangalalo pogwidwa, komanso kucheza ndi munthu zomwe sizingatheke.

Mphaka Wamtchire Far Eastern kapena LDK, kapena Mphaka Wamtchire wa Amur , kapena Mphaka wa Amur (Prionailurus bengalensis euptilurus kapena Felis bengalensis euptilura).

Ndi mtundu wamphaka wa Bengal (mphaka wa ku Asia).

Pamodzi ndi mchira, kutalika kumatha kufika 90 cm.
Kulemera kwa yamphongo mpaka 15 kg.

Mphaka wa ku Far East amakhala ndi moyo wamadzulo. Wamanyazi komanso osamala kwambiri, ndizovuta kuzindikira. Imasaka obisalira (pamtunda ndi pamitengo), imagwira nyama ndi kulumpha kamodzi.
M'nyengo yozizira, imayenda kuchoka m'mapiri kupita kumtsinje ndi zigwa za nyanja, nsonga zamapiri zokutidwa ndi zitsamba zowirira (pomwe chipale chofesedwa ndi mphepo ndikuwumbika bwino).
M'malo oundana kwambiri, imatha kufikira anthu kuti azikhalamo ndikugwiritsira ntchito makoswe am'mizinda yakale. Munthawi zowopsa, pulumutsani pamitengo.
Pobisalira nyumbayo imakhala m'maenje a mitengo yakale ndi miyala ikuluikulu yomwe imabisidwa m'tchire.

Mphaka Wamtchire Far Eastern (LDK) imatha kusungidwa zonse mnyumba monga chiweto, kapena ngati chiwongolero chowongolera.

Tiyenera kudziwa kuti amphaka amtchire ndizovuta kwambiri kuzolowera munthu kuposa oweta, chifukwa chake, ndikwabwino kusankha zida zapakhomo kuti zizisamalira panyumba mpaka miyezi itatu , kapena nyama yokhazikika.

LDK imayenda bwino kwambiri pamtundu wamchenga kapena wosefera wina. Tray yokhayo iyenera kukhala yayikulu.

Nthawi zambiri, mphaka amayamba kuzolowera abale ena, ndipo amapewa anthu ena.

Chakudya:
Chakudya chachikulu cha LDK mu ukapolo ndicho nyama zamafuta ochepa ngati ng'ombe, koma popanda chakudya chamoyo - makoswe, mbewa, nkhuku zokhala ndi zinziri, ndizovuta kusamalira zochitika zakuthupi ndi kuswana nyama, makamaka chifukwa choti nyama zomwe zimayambitsa matenda zimayamba kuzimiririka, zomwe zimatsogolera ku "mayendedwe okhudzana" ", Kutaya mtima kwa nyama. Kuphatikiza apo, nyamayi imangodya nyama yatsopano, komanso zam'matumbo, bongo, gawo la khungu ndi tsitsi (nthenga) la chakudya "chamoyo". Amakhulupirira kuti kumaliza mapiritsi a mapuloteni, kamodzi pa sabata ndikofunika kupatsa nsomba. Koma osati nthawi zonse. Mafuta ochulukirapo m'zakudya amatha kubweretsa kukondoweza kwa calcium kuchokera mthupi la nyamayo, motero, ku matenda okhudzana ndi matendawa.

Pakudyetsa tsiku ndi tsiku kwa LDK, mbewa ziwiri ndizokwanira, kapena makoswe amodzi ndi 200g. nyama yokonda. Dyetsani kamodzi patsiku.

Chiyembekezo chokhala mu ukapolo ndi zaka 20.

Katundu Waku Far kapena Amur Forest ndiye wokhala m'malo amodzi monga akambuku odziwika a Amur ndi nyalugwe za Far Eastern. Koma woyandikana naye uyu ndi "m'bale wang'ono" wa zimphona zapamwamba samaphunziridwa komanso kutchuka. Vuto ndi chiyani? Mokulira, kukula kochepa (ngakhale abambo akulu kwambiri samalemera kuposa kilogalamu zisanu ndi ziwiri) komanso maonekedwe abwino. Ngakhale, monga amphaka onse, amphaka Akutchire Akutchire sangatsutsidwe!

Maonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe amphaka wa nkhalango ya Amur

Nthawi zina amphaka a Far East amatchedwa amphaka amphaka chifukwa cha mtundu wawo. Achi China adawatcha ndalama, chifukwa mawanga pakhungu la mphaka amawakumbutsa za ndalama. Ndipo alonda wamba wamba ambiri amati mphaka wakuthengoyu akuwoneka ngati Vaska wochokera pabwalo loyandikana nalo. Ziri kuti Vaska aliyense samakhala ndi chovala - masentimita asanu, ndipo mphaka wa Amur sangakhale ndi moyo popanda chovala cha ubweya chotere.

Mikwingwirima yayitali komanso yakuda pamphumi ya mphaka wa ku Amur chizindikiro chake chodziwikiratu. Kuchokera pamayendedwe a mikwingwirima iyi, amphaka amtchire amatha kudziwika chimodzimodzi ndi anthu mwa zala.

Wotsogola kwambiri ndikuwoneka ngati chidole

Amati osaka am'deralo sakonda kukumana ndi mphaka wa Amur kutchire - ngati pali ngozi, amawateteza mwaukali. Ndipo pali china chodzitchinjiriza - tangoyang'anani mano omwe grin akuwonetsa!

Komabe, munthawi yopumula, kupukutira kwa mbewa kumawoneka kokongola kwambiri. Maso ozungulira, mphuno yaubweya komanso makutu ang'onoang'ono owongoka - pazithunzi zina za nkhalango ya Amur zimawoneka ngati chidole chokhazikika, osati ngati chilombo cholusa.

Ndikofunika kusilira nyama izi m'malo osungira nyama, pomwe, zimakhalanso zamisala. Koma amphaka aku Far East amabereka bwino mu ukapolo ndipo amadzionetsera kukhala makolo osamala kwambiri, amphaka ndi amphaka. Pafupifupi ana anayi a mawanga amabadwa mu zinyalala, zomwe zimayamba kudzilamulira pazaka chimodzi ndi theka.

Mwa njira, mphaka wa m'nkhalango ya Amur idatsika m'mbiri - ikufanizidwa ndi ndalama zasiliva za mndandanda wa Red Book ndi chipembedzo cha ruble 1, yoperekedwa mu 2004. Ndikuganiza kuti amayenera. Tikukhulupirira kuti chifukwa chachitetezo cha boma komanso chidwi cha asayansi, tidzaphunziranso zambiri za izi ndikuwona zithunzi zatsopano zokongola zozizwitsa zaku Far East.

Ndi zakudya ziti zamzitini zomwe zimakomera bwino amphaka?

KUYAMBIRA, kufufuza! Pamodzi ndi mphaka wanu mutha kutenga nawo nawo mbali! Ngati mukukhala ku Moscow kapena ku Moscow ndipo mukukonzekera kuonetsetsa nthawi zonse momwe ng ombe imadyera, komanso osayiwala kulemba izi, mudzabwera ndi KITS ZA UFUMU WA WET.

Ntchitoyi ndi ya miyezi 3-4. Wopanga bungweli ndi LLC Petkorm.

Mphaka Wam'mawa Wamtchire, dzina lina la Amur Leopard Cat ndi mtundu wa mphaka wa ku Bengal.