Pali mawu oterewa - "owopsa, ngati chibangiri." Sianthu ambiri omwe amadziwa kuti sizinachokera ku chakudya chouma konse, koma kuchokera ku chikhalidwe chazisomba zanyengo yachisanu. Kukula mopitirira muyeso, roach imakhala yotsekereza, yosagwira ntchito komanso kunyalanyaza zonse zomwe zimachitika mozungulira.
Ngakhale nsomba izi zimakhala ndi moyo molawirira. Ichi ndi chenicheni pakati pa mitundu ina. Kukula kwa thukuta kuchokera kunyanja kupita kumitsinje nthawi zina kumayamba ngakhale madzi oundana asanasungunuke; anthu ena amapezeka m'mitsinje kumapeto kwa dzinja. Mwanjira imeneyi, maonekedwe a nsomba amasintha - imakhala yozikika ndipo imakutidwa ndi ntchofu woteteza, womwe ndi wosasangalatsa kwambiri. Munthawi imeneyi, roach imatopa kwambiri momwe ingathere ndipo samadyetsa.
Mtundu wa roach umatanthauzika kuti roach. Njira zosankhira mitundu ingapo ndizosamveka bwino, koma zomwe amakonda kwambiri ndizodziwika bwino ndipo asodzi onse amazidziwa "mwakuwona". Kuphatikiza pa roach, palinso mitundu yoposa khumi ndi iwiri yokweza.
M'mbuyomu, kulemera kwa vobla panthawi yopanga kudafika pafupifupi kilogalamu imodzi, koma tsopano popeza kusodza kuli ponseponse, ndizosowa kwenikweni pomwe mungathe kupeza zolemera kuposa 120 g. Kuti muzisangalala ndi nsomba zambiri, ndibwino kusodza mukugwa, nsomba zikakhala ndi mafuta komanso kuthana.
Zambiri zosangalatsa za kuzungulira
Zachidziwikire, vobla amadziwika bwino mumtundu wake wouma kapena wouma, monga mowa kwambiri. Kwazaka zopitilira zaka zakumwa za mtunduwu, osadziwa kuti, kuwonjezera pa kulawa, ndizopindulitsanso - zinthu zambiri zofunikira zimakhala mu nsomba.
Pakadali pano, roach ndi yabwino kwambiri kuphatikiza ndi hoppy chifukwa cha malo ake enieni. Pambuyo pakugwidwa, mtembo wake umapeza zonunkhira, zonunkhira pang'ono.
Ngati mumaphika vobla kunyumba, tsatirani chokonzachi kuchokera. Maso amtambo ndi mapangidwe a ntchofu akuwonetsa kuphwanya njira pakagwiritsidwe kamchere ndi kuyanika, zoterezi sizingathenso.
Zambiri pazakuyenda
Nsomba zimatha kutalika mpaka ma sentimita 30. Mawonekedwe ake ndi iris yasiliva. Kuphatikiza apo, mawanga amdima amapezeka pamwamba pa ana ake. Vobla yodya nyama ndi nsomba yomwe imakhala mu Nyanja ya Caspian. Zamoyo zopanda nyama zomwe zimapezeka kwambiri pazakudya zake.
Panali nthawi yomwe asodzi ankasaka nyama zamtengo wapatali zokha. Nsomba imeneyi sinawonedwe kuti ndiyofunika kuisamalira. Koma popita nthawi, asodzi adayamba kukhazikika. Kenako, kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1900, mosayembekezereka kwa aliyense, kukoma ndi zopatsa thanzi za mtundu woterewu zimapezeka. Nsomba zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mosiyanasiyana: kusuta, zouma, mchere, zouma, ndikutenthetsa kutentha kutengera maphikidwe osiyanasiyana. Ndizosangalatsa kuti ngati louma louma limasungunulidwanso, ndiye kuti mtengo wake umakwezeka. Amangodya nyama zokha za nsomba zokha, koma, zoona zake, ndi caviar. Koma roach wophatikizidwa mkaka ndi chakudya chokoma. Ndi chokoma kwambiri komanso chotchuka.
Zothandiza katundu
Kupatula kuti roach ndi nsomba yokoma, imathandizanso kwambiri. Muli mapuloteni ambiri. Nsomba zimakhala ndi mafuta achilengedwe, mavitamini a magulu C, B ndi macronutrients (chlorine, phosphorous, calcium, sodium ndi ena).
Msuzi wokoma kwambiri komanso wathanzi ndi nsomba yokhala ndi zinthu zina: nickel, molybdenum. Muli mafuta achilengedwe a polyunsaturated, omwe amachititsa kuti ikhale prophylactic yabwino kwambiri yomwe imathandizira kupewa matenda a mtima ndi mtima.
Kuphatikiza pa zabwino zonsezi, nsomba izi zimakhala ndi zopatsa mphamvu zochepa - 95 kcal pa gramu 100 zokha. Titha kunena kuti ndi abwino kwa omwe amadya. Kulemera kwa roach kumatha kufikira magalamu 700.
Maonekedwe asodzi
Nsomba ndi zamtundu wa carp. Kusodza kwa vobla kumachitika pa Volga yapansi. Ambiri amasokoneza ndi roach. Koma izi ndizoyambirira pomwe iwo ali ofanana. Msodzi waluso amatha kusiyanitsa mosavuta roach ndi roach, yokulirapo ndipo ali ndi mawonekedwe a iris omwe afotokozedwa pamwambapa.
Kwa njira yophika youma, nsomba zazikulu komanso zamafuta zomwe zimagwidwa pansi pa ayezi (zoyandama) ndizoyenera kwambiri. Roach youma ndi chinthu chokoma kwambiri kotero kuti nkovuta kusiya. Kuphatikiza apo, imasunga zinthu zonse zofunikira, popeza sizimayatsidwa kuzimitsa kapena mtundu wina wa mankhwala othandizira kutentha. Nsomba zouma zouma sizikhala zotsika mtengo, koma ambiri amakonda nsomba zouma.
Usodzi woleredwa kwa vobla wakhala ukuchitika kwa zaka pafupifupi 150. Anayamba kuigwira atazindikira kuti kusunthika kwa nsomba kumeneku kumachitika mwina kuposa hering'i. Anayamba kugwidwa ndikugulitsidwa atakonza.
Poyamba anangomwa mchere. Nsomba zokhala ndi caviar wosakhazikika zidagwiritsidwa ntchito kuphika ndi "kusuta" njira. Nsomba zokhala ndi caviar yochita kupanga zimapangidwa mwanjira ya "carbohydrate". Njirazi ndizabwino kwambiri chifukwa nsomba zomwe zimapangidwa ndi caviar zimafunikira m'malo mwake kuti zithere bwino. Mitemboyo inali yopanda matumbo ndi mchere wonse. Nsomba zakonzedwa zidabzalidwa kuchokera 6 mpaka 8 zidutswa pa bast bast, owazidwa mchere ndikuyika mbiya. Pamene roach idakonzeka, idapachikidwa pamlengalenga ndikuuma. Pambuyo pake adapita kukasuta, kapena kukagulitsa kumsika. Ndiyenera kunena kuti okonda mowa nthawi zambiri amakonda kusuta fodya kuti asangalale.
Zoyipa za roach ndi kusiyana kwake ndi roach
Nthawi zina mumamva funsoli: "Vobla - nsomba za mumtsinje kapena nsomba zam'nyanja? Ndipo ali ndi makhalidwe olakwika? " Izi ndizothandiza kwambiri, koma zili ndi zovuta zina - kusokoneza kudya chifukwa chakuchuluka kwa mafupa. Chifukwa chake, nthawi zambiri chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu mawonekedwe owuma, ndipo m'malo momugwira amathanso kukazinga. Msuzi ndi msuzi wa nsomba saloledwa. Koma mu mphodza, ndizokoma.
Vobla amakhala kunyanja ya Caspian. Amapanga zitsamba - North Caspian, Turkmen and Kurin. Msikiti wachikazi nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mazira pafupifupi 33,000. Nsomba zimamera makamaka pa Volga. Nthawi zambiri - ku Embu, Ural ndi Terek. Amayamba kumera mu Epulo - Meyi. Chifukwa cha kugwa pamlingo wa Nyanja ya Caspian, nsomba zachepa kwambiri. Nyengo yachisanu, kunenepa, kubereka zidakulirakulira. Vutoli limakhudzidwanso ndi kuba.
Pali nsomba yofanana ndi roach - roach. Amasokonezeka ngakhalenso kuwonedwa ngati ofanana. Vobla amasiyana ndi kufalikira kwa mitsinje kukula kwake ndi mawonekedwe a maso ofotokozedwa pamwambapa. Apa mutha kuwonjezera kusiyanasiyana kwa zipsepse, zomwe imachita imvi ndimtengo wakuda.
Kuswana
Vobla amatha kubereka mpaka nthawi 6 m'moyo. Caviar yaikidwa pakuya kwa 50 metres. Nyengo zimayenda mu nyanja. Mu nthawi yophukira, amafika m'mphepete mwa Volga m'makola akuluakulu ndikupitilira nthawi yozizira m'mayenje akutsogolo kwa kamtsinje. Koma simalowa pakamwa palokha, mosiyana ndi kubangula kwa Siberia. Kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yachisanu, nthawi zina kumapeto kwa dzinja, roach amapita kumtsinje. Zimatengera nyengo. Kuzizira kumachedwetsa kutuluka, ndipo mphepo yochokera kunyanja, m'malo mwake, imapangitsa izi.
Anthu ena payekha amayamba kupita mumtsinje pansi pa ayezi, kwinakwake theka lachiwiri la mwezi wa february. M'mwezi wa Marichi, nsomba zikuyenda bwino, koma pamapeto pake zipita mu Epulo, pomwe madzi oundana asungunuka. Pa nthambi zonse za Volga, ndiye masukulu a zovala nthawi yomweyo, koma samapitilira Volgograd. Zambiri mwa nsomba zimatsalira pakamwa pa mtsinjewo, kufunafuna malo owonongera, ndikutchingira njira ndi madzi onse. Pakadali pano, makoswe ambiri amwalira akamapita kumalo osiyidwa pafupi ndi gombe. Madzi achepa, ndipo amakhalabe pamtunda.
Nsomba zamtunduwu zikamamera, maonekedwe ake amasintha pang'ono. Warts amapanga masikelo, ndi chovala chotchedwa chopanda kanthu kumutu. Nyengo isanafike, nsomba sizimadyanso chakudya. Mimba yake idzakhala yopanda kanthu kapena yodzaza ndi ntchofu. Vobla azikhala moyo wake mwakuwonongera mafuta ake. Oyambirira vobla adalowa mumtsinje, amafuta ochulukirapo. Atatulutsa, nsomba zimalemera kwambiri, zimakhala mtundu wakuda, wamtambo. Amapita kunyanja, kutaya zovala zaukwati wake, ndipo amathamangira kukadyetsa.
Ndemanga
Ngati muwerenga ndemanga zokhudzana ndi nsomba, ndiye kuti ndizosiyana kotheratu. Ponena za kukoma kwa roach ndi kuchuluka kwake kwa zakudya, palibe amene amakayikira ndi zonena, koma zokhudzana ndi chinthu chotsirizidwa, chogulidwa m'malo osiyanasiyana, pali zodandaula pafupipafupi: mchere, pansi pamchere, ndi majeremusi ndi china chake monga choncho.
Ndemanga zabwino zitha kupezeka pazama ndi kuzula kwa Astrakhan, keke yophika komanso yapamwamba kwambiri. Koma ngakhale alidi wabwino, mutha kuwona nokha. Chimodzi modzi ndichotsimikizika: pogula nsomba, muyenera kuziyang'anitsitsa kuti ziwoneka zatsopano komanso majeremusi kuti pasakhale zovuta zaumoyo. Ndipo choti nsomba ndi chokoma komanso chathanzi sikuyenera kukayikira.
Kuzungulira kwa moyo ndi chitukuko
M'nyengo yozizira, nsomba zimakhala munyanja, m'malo omwe amatchedwa yozizira pafupi ndi pakamwa pa Volga. Ali m'tulo ndipo samadya panthawiyi. Kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, roach imapita kumitsinje, ndipo nthawi yozizira imasunthika, koma mphepo yowomba kuchokera kunyanja, m'malo mwake, imathandizira kuyenda. M'masukulu masukulu amayamba kusonkhana kumapeto kwa mwezi wa February.
Nthawi zapamwamba kwambiri, ndiye kuti, maphunzirowa ali ochulukirachulukira, amachitika mu Epulo, pomwe mitsinje imachotsa ayezi. Pofufuza malo oti awonongeke, masukulu akuluakulu obwera amapita kumayiko onse a Volga. Kwenikweni, imapita mozama, koma ndi mphamvu yamphamvu imapita m'mbali mwa nyanja. Nsomba zambiri zomwe ziziyenda zimafa.
Kukula kwa phokoso.
Nsombayo imasiya kudya isanayambe kumera. Pakadali pano, amakhala m'mafuta opindika, ndipo m'mimba mumakhala mafinya okha. Nsombayo ikaikira mazira, imakhala yonyansa kwambiri mpaka kumamveka kuti mutu umakula.
Mukatulutsa, thukuta, komanso chachikazi ndi amuna, zimakhala ndi zovala zomwe zimatchedwa "mating". , Pachikero cha khungu la nsomba zokhwima, ma warts okhala ndi pamwamba oyera oyera amapangika, omwe amayamba kuda kwakanthawi. Gawo lamutu lophimbidwa ndi zophuka zoyera. Chiwonetsero chakunja chimatulutsa ntchofu yambiri, yomwe imakuta ndi thupi lonse.
Roach Zouma ndimtengo wapatali.
Pambuyo pang'onopang'ono, roach imayamba kudya kwambiri, ndikupanga kuchepa kwa "nyengo yanjala". Pakadali pano, amabwerera kunyanja, kokha m'masukulu ang'onoang'ono - nsomba zomwe zimabwera ndikatulutsa zimatchedwa "kutsikira". Nsomba zimakonzedwa “bwino” nthawi yachisanu - zimadya mbali zake zopatsa thanzi ndikupaka mafuta. Thupi lonse la roach lophimbidwa ndi wosanjikiza wa ntchofu, womwe umamupulumutsa ku hypothermia.