Dolphin yoyera-yoyera ndiyamtundu wa dolphin. Mtunduwu umatchedwanso dolphin waku Chile, popeza umangopezeka pagombe la Chile. Anthu akumaloko amachitcha Tunin (Tonin). Nyama yayitali kwambiri ya anyaniwa imawonedwa m'madzi kuyambira pagombe la Valparaiso kupita ku Cape Horn. Oimira nyamazo amakonda kukhala pamalo osaya kupitirira 200 metres. Amakondanso mitsinje. M'malo awa amakopeka ndi mafunde am'nyanja.

Kufotokozera

Kutalika kwa thupi sikudutsa masentimita zana ndi 170 ndi kulemera kwa 25-75 kg. Pompopompo ndiwopusa, thupi limakhala lolemera. Ndiwachilengedwe kwambiri kotero kuti nthawi zina girth imayamba kufika magawo awiri mwa atatu a kutalika. Dorsal fin ndi masamba ochepa. Pakamwa, palinso mano 34 pamtunda wapamwamba, ndi 33 pachifuwa chotsika.

Mtundu wake watha. Mimba, mmero ndi maziko a zojambulazo ndi zoyera. Mutu, kumbuyo ndi m'mbali ndizosakanikirana ndi imvi. Nyama izi ndizachikhalidwe. Amakhala m'magulu, omwe chiwerengero chake sichidutsa anthu 10. Makulu akulu ndi osowa kwambiri.

Kubalana komanso kukhala ndi moyo wautali

Zochepa ndizodziwika pakubadwa kwa mitunduyi. Kutha msambo mwa akazi ndi amuna kumachitika pazaka 5 mpaka 9. Akazi amabala ana kamodzi pakatha zaka ziwiri. Mimba imatenga miyezi 10-12. Mwana wakhanda amabadwa. Sizikudziwika kuti nthawi yayitali bwanji yokhala ndi mayiyu imatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji komanso kuti ndi nthawi yanji dolphin amakhala ndi mayi ake. Kuthengo, chifuwa choyera chimakhala pafupifupi zaka 20.

Zina zambiri

Mtunduwu sunaphunzire bwino. Amakhala kumadzi am'mphepete mwa Chile ndipo samasuntha. Nambala yeniyeni sikudziwika. Akuyerekeza kuti alipo nthumwi zoimira mitundu imeneyi. Komabe, akatswiri ena amakhulupirira kuti ma dolphin oyera okhala ndi manja ndi ochepa kwambiri.

Tiyenera kunena kuti kumayambiriro kwa zaka zapitazi mtunduwu umatchedwa "dolphin wakuda", ngakhale mulibe mawonekedwe akuda. Izi zitha kufotokozedwa ndikuti akatswiri adangowona anthu akufa okha akuponyedwa m'mphepete mwa nyanja. Khungu lawo, motsogozedwa ndi mpweya, limadetsedwa. M'nyanja yoyera patali, ma dolphin oyera okhala ndi timiyala tomwe timawoneka ngati timdima.

Koma m'mene nyamayo inkaphunziridwira, zidapezeka kuti khungu la zinyama izi limapaka utoto wosakanikirana ndi imvi, ndipo m'mimba nthawi zambiri pamakhala yoyera. Chifukwa chake dzina loti "dolphin loyera" linawonekera, ndikupatsa malowa, amatchedwa "dolphin waku Chile".

Chiwerengerochi chatetezedwa ndi Convention on the Protection of Migratory Mitundu ya Zinyama Zamtchire. Udindo wake umawerengeredwa ngati pafupi ndi boma lowopseza. Kusungidwa kwa mawonekedwe apaderadera kumeneku kumatengera mgwirizano wapadziko lonse lapansi komanso malamulo apadera.

Ma dolphin a mumtsinje

Amazonia Inia (Inia geoffrensis)

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Kutalika kwakukulu kwa ma dolphin a Mtsinje wa Amazon ndi pafupifupi mamita 2. Amatuluka mumitundu yonse ya pinki: kuchokera ku imvi yoyera mpaka pinki-yapinki ndi pinki yowala, ngati Flamesos. Kusintha kwamtunduwu ndi chifukwa cha kuyera kwa madzi momwe dolphin amakhala. Madzi amdimawo, amawongolera nyamayo. Magetsi a dzuwa amawapangitsa kuti ataye utoto wa pinki. Madzi amdima a Amazon amateteza mthunzi wowoneka bwino wa dolphin.

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Nyama izi, zikakhala zokondweretsa, zimasintha khungu lawo kukhala pinki yowala. Pali zosiyana zingapo pakati pa ma dolphin a mu mtsinje wa Amazon ndi mitundu ina ya dolphin. Mwachitsanzo, a inii atembenuza mbali zawo mbali, pomwe mitundu yambiri ya dolphin imalandidwa mwayiwu. Vutoli, limodzi ndi kuthekera kwawo kolowera kutsogolo ndi faini imodzi komanso nthawi yomweyo kubwereranso ndi finyo, zimathandiza ma dolphin kuyenda molunjika kumtsinje. Ma dolphin amenewa amasambira m'malo osefukira, ndipo kusinthasintha kwawo kumawathandiza kuyenda mozungulira mitengo. Chowonjezera chomwe chimawasiyanitsa ndi mitundu ina ndi mano omwe amawoneka ngati ma molars. Ndi thandizo lawo, iwo amatafuna masamba owala. Tsitsi lokhala ngati Bristle kumapeto kwa nkhope zawo limathandizira kufunafuna chakudya pamtsinje wakuda.

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Ganges (Platanista gangetica)

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Chiwala cha taupechi chili ndi mutu komanso nkhope yachilendo. Maso awo ang'onoang'ono akufanana ndi mabowo ang'onoang'ono okhala kumbuyo. Maso alibe ntchito, ma dolphin amenewa ndi akhungu ndipo amangodziwa mtundu ndi kuwala kowala.

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Tizilombo tambiri tating'onoting'ono timakhala ndi mano ambiri owongoka, osalozera kumutu ndipo amawonekera kunja pakamwa. Dorsal fin imawoneka ngati kachiphokoso kakang'ono kachitatu, mimba imakhala yozungulira, yomwe imapatsa dolphin mawonekedwe otetezedwa. Zidutswa ndizopindika, zazikulu komanso zazikulu, zimakhala ndi m'mphepete mwam'mbuyo. Malekezero achitsulo nawonso ndi okulirapo.

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Ma dolphin amakula mpaka 2.5 m ndipo amalemera oposa 90 kg, zazikazi ndizokulirapo pang'ono kuposa zazimuna.

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La Plata Dolphin (Pontoporia blainvillei)

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Nthawi zambiri amapezeka m'malo akum'mwera chakum'mwera kwa South America. Chiwalo ichi cha banja la dolphin ndi chokhacho chomwe chimakhala m'madzi momwemo. Dolphin La Plata amatha kuwoneka m'malo am'mphepete mwa nyanja komanso osaya, komwe madzi amchere.

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Dolphin amakhala ndi mulomo wawutali kwambiri pokhudzana ndi kukula kwa thupi pakati pa mamembala onse a banja la dolphin. Akuluakulu, mulomo amatha kukhala mpaka 15% kutalika kwa thupi. Ndi amodzi mwa a dolphin ang'ono kwambiri, nyama zazikulu 1.5 m kutalika.

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Ma dolphin a La Plata amayenda m'madzi osati ndi zipsepse zamatumbo, koma ndi zipsepse zazitali. Ma dolphin achikazi a La Plata amatha kutha msinkhu ali ndi zaka zinayi, ndipo atatenga pathupi miyezi 10-11 amayamba kubereka ali ndi zaka zisanu. Amalemera mpaka makilogalamu 50 (amuna ndi akazi) ndipo amakhala zachilengedwe kwa pafupifupi zaka 20.

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Ma dolphin

Nthawi Yodziwika Kwambiri (Delphinus capensis)

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Dolphin atachira kwathunthu amafikira kutalika kwa 2.6 m ndipo amalemera mpaka 230 kg, pomwe amuna ndi amuna olemera komanso kutalika kuposa akazi. Ma dolphin awa ali ndi msana wakuda, mimba yoyera ndi chikaso, golide kapena imaso gulu lotuwa lomwe limatsata mawonekedwe a orglass.

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Chovala cholimba chazitali chakuthwa chakumapeto chimakhala pafupifupi pakati pa msana, mulomo wautali (monga dzinalo limatanthauzira) wokhala ndi mano ang'onoang'ono owongoka.

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Mbiya yoyera ndi dolphin (Delphinus delphis)

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Ali ndi mtundu wosangalatsa. Pathupi pali mawonekedwe amtundu wakuda, womwe umaphimba mawonekedwe a V pansi pa dorsal fin mbali zonse ziwiri za thupi. Mbali zake ndi zofiirira kapena zachikaso kutsogolo ndi imvi kumbuyo. Msana wa dolphin ndi wakuda kapena woderapo, ndipo m'mimba mwake mumayera.

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Amuna ndi autali choncho wolemera kuposa akazi. Imani mpaka 200 makilogalamu komanso mpaka 2.4 m kutalika. Pakamwa pake pamakhala mano pafupifupi 65 pa theka lililonse la nsagwada, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yokhala ndi mano ambiri.

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Dolphin wa masamba oyera (Cephalorhynchus eutropia)

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Kutalika kwa mitundu yaying'ono iyi ya dolphin kuli pafupifupi 1.5-1.8 m mwa munthu wamkulu. Chifukwa cha kukula kocheperako komanso mawonekedwe ozungulira a dolphin awa, nthawi zina amasokonezeka ndi ma porpoises.

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Mtundu wa thupi ndi kuphatikiza kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya imvi yakuda ndi yoyera kuzungulira zipsepse ndi pamimba.

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Imathandizira kuzindikira ndikusiyanitsa mitundu yina ya dolphin: mulomo wamfupi kwambiri, zipupa zozungulira ndi mphotho yoyenda mozungulira.

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Dolphin -utali wokhala ndiutali (Stenella longirostris)

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Ma dolphin amadziwika kuti ndi ma aligoboti mwaluso pakati pa achibale (ma dolphin ena nthawi zina amatembenuka mumlengalenga, koma amangosintha maulendo angapo). Nthiwatiwa yokhala ndi phokoso lalitali imakhala kum'mawa kotentha kwa Pacific Ocean, imatembenuza thupi kasanu ndikulumpha kamodzi, imayamba kuyenderera m'madzi isanatuluke pamwamba, ndikudumpha mpaka 3 m mlengalenga, inadumphiratu osagwa. nyanja.

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Ma dolphin onse okhala ndi mphuno yayitali amakhala ndi mlomo wautali, wowonda, thupi lochepera, zipsepse zing'onozing'ono zokhala ndi nsonga zolozera komanso chindapusa chachikulu cha ma dorsal.

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Dolphin wokhala ndi mutu (Lagenorhynchus albirostris)

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Dolphin wamkulu wapakati amapezeka kumpoto chakum'mawa ndi kumadzulo kwa Atlantic, ali ndi phokoso lakutali lomwe limakhala ndi kutalika kwa 2-3 m ndipo limalemera mpaka 360 makilogalamu ngati likukhwima kwathunthu.

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Monga momwe dzinali likusonyezera, dolphin adatipatsa dzina chifukwa cha mlomo wake wamkaka woyera wopanda pake. Mbali yake ya kumtunda ndi yakuda. Dolphin ili ndi zipsepse zakuda ndi zikondwerero zakuda. Gawo lakumunsi la thupi ndi loyera ndi zonona. Khungu loyera limadutsa m'maso pafupi ndi zipsepuyo kumbuyo ndi kuzungulira kumbuyo kwa mapangidwe a dorsal.

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Coarse Tooth Dolphin (Steno bredanensis)

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Zikuwoneka zachilendo, ma dolphin akunja ndi akale kwambiri, ngati ma dolphin otsogola. Chochititsa chidwi ndi mutu wochepa. Iyi ndiye dolphin lokhalokha lalitali koma lopanda kholingo pakati pa mulomo ndi mphumi. Mlomowo ndi wautali, yoyera, yoyera kupita pamphumi. Thupi lakuda mpaka imvi. Kumbuyo kwake ndi imvi. Mimba yoyera nthawi zina ndimakhudza pinki. Thupi limakhala ndi malo oyera opanda magawo.

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Zolemba zake zimakhala zazitali komanso zazikulu, ndalama yomalizira ndiyokwera komanso "yopindika" kapena yopindika.

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Bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus)

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M'mawu a anthu, mwachidziwikire ma dolphin onse ndi dolphin. Ndizodziwika bwino kwambiri pamitundu yonse chifukwa cha mafilimu ndi makanema apakanema. Monga lamulo, awa ndi okulirapo, anthu akuda okhala ndi imvi yakuda kumbuyo komanso wamimba wotuwa. Amakhala ndi mulomo wamfupi komanso wandiweyani komanso mawonekedwe okongola a pakamwa omwe amawoneka ngati ma dolphin akumwetulira - chinthu chosakhala bwino mukamaganiza za "kumwetulira" kumeneku kunapangitsa ma dolphin kukhala osangalatsa. Mawonekedwe ndi zofunikira pamapeto a dorsal ndizosiyana ndi zolemba za anthu.

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Wazama nkhope (Peponocephala electra)

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Thupi looneka ngati torpedo ndi mutu wama conical ndi abwino kusambira mwachangu. Mlomo sukusowa, mutu umakhala wozungulira komanso wowoneka bwino ndi milomo yoyera pamilomo ndi "zomata" zakuda kuzungulira maso - makamaka mawonekedwe a nyamazo. Zipsepse zooneka ngati mabowo, zipsepse zamkati ndi zipsepa zazikulu za caudal, matupi achikuda achitsulo ali ndi "capes" amdima pansi pa zipsepse za dorsal ndi malo otumbululuka pamimba.

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Chitchaina (Sousa chinensis)

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Ma dolphin onse amtundu wa humpback amakhala ndi chindapusa chocheperako patali. Ma dolphin onse omwe ali ndi "humpbacked" ndi ofanana. Koma mitundu ya ku China ili ndi "hump" yocheperako kuposa abale ake a Atlantic, koma yowonekera kuposa ma dolphin a ku Indo-Pacific ndi ku Australia.

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Kutalika kwa mutu ndi thupi ndi 120-280 cm, mpaka 140 makilogalamu. Nsagwada zazitali zopyapyala zimakhala ndi mano, ziphuphu za caudal (45 cm), fupa la msana (15 cm kutalika) ndi zipsepse zamatumbo (30 cm). Mtundu, ma dolphins ndi a bulauni, imvi, akuda pamwamba komanso otuwa pansipa. Mitundu ina imatha kukhala yoyera, yamawonekedwe, kapena yodontha. Nthawi zina amatchedwanso Pinki Dolphins.

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Irrawaddy (Orcaella brevirostris)

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Palibe chovuta kudziwa dolphin. Mtundu wa Irrawaddy umakhala ndi mutu wozungulira, wowoneka bwino komanso wopindika popanda mulomo. Nyama zimawoneka ngati belugas, kokha ndi dorsal fin. Kuwoneka bwino kwa muzzle kumaperekedwa ndi milomo yawo yosunthira komanso yoluka pakhosi, ma dolphin amatha kusuntha mitu yawo mbali zonse. Amachita imvi m'thupi lonse, koma opepuka pamimba. Malipiro a dorsal ndi ochepa, zilembo ndizitali komanso zazikulu, zokhala ndi mbali zopingidwa kutsogolo ndi malembedwe ozungulira, michira imakhalanso yayikulu.

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Cruciform (Lagenorhynchus cruciger)

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Chirengedwe chinapanga cholekanitsa pambali ya nyamayo m'mawonekedwe a ola. Mtundu woyambira wa dolphin ndi wakuda (wokhala ndi mimba), mbali iliyonse ya thupi pali chingwe choyera (kuyambira kumbuyo mkamwa ndi kumanja mchira), chomwe chimachepera pansi pa dorsal fin, ndikupanga mawonekedwe a orglass. Ma dolphin amakhalanso ndi zipsepse zooneka bwino, zomwe zimafanana ndi mbedza pamtunda waukulu. Momwe kupendekera kumatsikira kumbuyo, kumakulirakulira.

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Killer whale (Orcinus orca)

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Ma Killer whales (inde, inde, ndi a banja la dolphin) ndiwakulu kwambiri komanso amodzi mwamphamvu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Amadziwika nthawi yomweyo ndi mtundu wakuda ndi mtundu wake: kumtunda wakuda bii ndi pansi loyera, malo oyera kumbuyo kwa diso lililonse ndi mbali, "malo oyala pachikumbu" posachedwa pomaliza pake. Ochenjera komanso ochenjera, ogwidwa amatha kupha mawu osiyanasiyana, ndipo iliyonse imayimba zolemba zingapo zomwe mamembala ake amazindikira patali. Amagwiritsa ntchito fanizo polankhula komanso kusaka.

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Kuswana kwa dolphin

Mu ma dolphin, maliseche amakhala pamunsi pamunsi. Amuna amakhala ndi mipata iwiri, wina amabisa mbolo ndipo winayo ndi. Yaikazi imakhala ndi gawo limodzi lokhala ndi nyini ndi mafinya. Magawo awiri amkaka amapezeka mbali zonse ziwiri za gawo la wamkazi.

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Kuyerekeza kwa dolphin kumachitika m'mimba mpaka m'mimba, machitidwewo ndi achidule, koma amatha kubwereza kangapo mu nthawi yochepa. Nthawi ya bere limatengera mtunduwu, m'madimba ang'onoang'ono nthawi imeneyi ndi pafupifupi miyezi 11-12, m'magulu opha - pafupifupi 17. Nthawi zambiri ma dolphin amabereka mwana wamwamuna mmodzi, mosiyana ndi zinyama zina zambiri, nthawi zambiri zimabadwira mchira. Ma dolphin amayamba kugonana ali aang'ono kwambiri, ngakhale asanafike paunyamata, zomwe zimatengera mitundu ndi jenda.

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Kodi ma dolphins amadya chiyani?

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Nsomba ndi squid ndiye chakudya chachikulu, koma anamgumi opha nyama amapha nyama zazikuluzikulu zam'madzi ndipo nthawi zina amagwiranso ntchito ndi zinkhanira zazikulupo.

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Njira zodyetsa ziweto: Ma dolphin amayendetsa sukulu ya nsomba kukhala yaying'ono. Kenako, ma dolphin amadya nsomba zodabwitsa. Njira yofikira: ma dolphin amathamangitsa nsomba m'madzi osaya kuti agwire. Mitundu ina imagunda nsomba ndi michira yawo, yamphamvu ndikudya. Ena amagwetsa nsomba pamadzi ndikusaka nyama mlengalenga.

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Adani achilengedwe a dolphin

Ma dolphin ali ndi adani ochepa achilengedwe. Mitundu ina kapena anthu ena alibe, ali pamwamba pa chakudya. Shaki zazikulu zimadyera mitundu yaying'ono ya dolphin, makamaka nyama zazing'ono. Mitundu ina yayikulu ya dolphin, makamaka anamgumi oopha, nawonso amadyera pa ma dolphin ang'ono, koma izi sizachilendo.

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Kugwirizana kwa anthu ndi ma dolphin

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Ma dolphin amatenga gawo lofunikira mu chikhalidwe cha anthu. Nthano zachi Greek zimawatchula. Ma dolphins anali ofunika kwa a Minoans, kuweruza ndi zojambulajambula zojambula kuchokera kunyumba yawonongeka ku Knossos. Mu nthano za Chihindu, dolphin imalumikizidwa ndi a Ganges, mulungu wa Mtsinje wa Ganges.

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Koma anthu samangokonda zolengedwa izi zokha, komanso kuziwononga, zimayambitsa mavuto.

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Kusodza pang'ono ndi gillne mwachisawawa kupha dolphin mosazindikira. M'malo ena padziko lapansi, monga Japan ndi zilumba za Faroe, ma dolphin mwamwambo amati ndi chakudya, ndipo anthu amawasaka ndi harpoon.

White-bellied / Cephalorhynchus eutropia

Pali mawonekedwe okongola pambali pa gombe la Chile, ndichifukwa chake amatchedwa dolphin waku Chile. Samakula kutalika kwa masentimita 170, ndipo thupi limakhala lodzaza.

Gawo la mmero, pamimba komanso m'munsi mwa ziphuphuzo ndi zoyera, koma kumbuyo ndi m'mbali mwake ndi mtundu wamba wa imvi. Madera akumutcha Tunina. Mtundu wachilendo wa nyama za m'madzi za m'madzi zalembedwa mu Red Book.

Ichi ndi chinonso mitundu yophunzitsidwa bwino kwambiri.Asayansi sangathe kudziwa kuchuluka kwa anthu.

Variegated / Cephalorhynchus

Dolphin wathu, yemwe amangopezeka ku Southern Hemisphere, amatsegula mndandanda wathu kwambiri mostbebe.ru Mitundu imakhala ndi mitundu inayi. Akuluakulu amafika pa 180 cm, ndipo amalemera kuchokera pa 30 mpaka 85 kg.

Ali ndi mitundu yakuda ndi yoyera. Amadziwika ndi kusewera, mafoni kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri amawonedwa akusambira pamadzi ndikudumphira m'madzi. Nthawi zambiri zimasungidwa pamagulu ochepa a 2-8 anthu.

Mtundu wina wa Cephalorhynchus commersonii adapatsidwa dzina la Philibert Commerson wa zaumoyo wa ku France. Anali woyamba mu 1767 kufotokoza mtundu watsopano.

Dolphin squirrel / Delphinus delphis

Misana ya zolengedwa zam'madzi izi ndizabuluu kapena zakuda. Mzere umayenda mbali zonse. Maonekedwe adatsimikizira dzinalo.

Mutha kukumana nawo ku Atlantic ndi Pacific Ocean. Adasankha ma latopu otentha, koma madzi ozizira nawonso amasambira. Amakula mpaka 240 cm, kutalika kuchokera 60 mpaka 80 kg.

Amadyetsa nsomba, komanso cephalopods. Izi ndizomwe zimakonda kwambiri anyani onse. Ali ndi mano 240. Posachedwa, mitundu yatsopano ya ma dolphin a Black Sea yapezeka.

Maonekedwe a dolphin loyera

Ma dolphin oyera okhala ndi miyala ndi amodzi mwa miyala yazitali kwambiri zomwe zimapezeka masiku ano padziko lapansi. Kutalika kwa thupi la nyamayi kumafika pafupifupi masentimita 170.

Dolphin yoyera-yoyera (Cephalorhynchus eutropia).

Kuphatikiza apo, ma dolphin awa amakhala ndi mpweya wolira, womwe umawapangitsa kukhala ofanana ndi okhala munyanja yakuya ngati nkhumba ya ku Guinea - nthawi zambiri amasokonezedwa ndi anthu osazindikira. Mawonekedwe a dolphin yoyera ndi yokhazikika, kutalika kwa nyamayo nthawi zambiri imakhala 2/3 ya kutalika konse kwa thupi. Ndiye kuti, kunja kwa dolphin kumawoneka bwino kwambiri komanso ngati kuzungulira. Kukula kwa ziphuphu ndi zipsepse zamkati molingana ndi thupi ndizochepa kwambiri poyerekeza ndi ma dolphin ena.

Nyama izi zimadziwika ndi dzina chifukwa cha maonekedwe a motley: m'mimba mwawo ndi maonekedwe ake ndi oyera, ndipo mmero wawo ndi wopepuka. Thupi lonse limakhala mumtundu wamtundu wakuda ndi wakuda.

Ma dolphin akuda amangopezeka pagombe la Chile, komwe amawatcha "Tunina".

Chizindikiro cha mtundu uwu wa ma dolphin a cetacean ndi kukhalapo kwa awiriawiri a mano 28-34 pachiwuno chapamwamba, ndi awiri awiri atatu atatu (33-33) pachiwono.

Habitin wakuda

Limodzi mwa mayina a nyamazo limadzilankhulira lokha: Ma dolphin aku Chile amapezeka motsatira gombe la Chile. Malo awo amakhala otambalala pang'ono kuchokera kumpoto kupita kumwera - kuchokera ku Valparaiso, komwe kuli 33 degrees South latitude mpaka ku Cape Horn, komwe kuli 55 degrees South latitude. Ndizotheka kuti iyi ndi imodzi mwama dolphin omwe amaphunziridwa pang'ono, komabe asayansi amati mtunduwu suyamba kusamuka, ndipo umakonda kukhala ndi moyo pafupi ndi malo obadwira.

Malinga ndi zosavomerezeka zomwe ichthyologists idatha kutolera pakadali pano, dolphin yoyera njokere imakonda kukhazikika m'madzi osaya, osaya kupitirira 200 metres, komanso m'malo abwino okhala ndi madzi oyera komanso ofunda. Zimapezekanso m'mitsinje ya m'mitsinje, pomwe madzi am'nyanja amatsitsidwa ndi mtsinje watsopano wochokera kumtunda.

Kukula kwa mtundu uliwonse wa mbalamezi, dolphin yoyera imakhala pagombe la Chile.

Moyo Wakuda wa Dolphin komanso Zakudya Zopatsa thanzi

Monga tanena kale, ma dolphin oyera okhala ndi mapira oyera amaphunziridwa pang'ono. Ndizodziwika bwino kuti amakhala m'matanthwe momwe akulu akulu awiri kapena khumi amapezeka. Ziwerengero zazing'ono zochepa zinajambulidwa, mpaka 50 zolinga. Pali umboni wa asayansi akuwona gulu la ma dolphin oyera okhala ndi mutu pafupifupi 4,000, m'mphepete chakumpoto kwa malo okhala. Komabe, malinga ndi asayansi ena, kuchuluka kwa mitundu yamtunduwu sikuposa zolinga 2000, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti gulu la 4000 ndi nthano kapena cholakwika. Mavuto akupitilizabe mpaka pano.

Nthawi zambiri, ma dolphin amaphatikizidwa m'magulu kuti adyetse ndikusuntha pakati paudindo. Nthawi zambiri onetsani chidwi mabwato, kuyenda pafupi ndi mbali ndi chidwi chotsatira ndi sitima.

Ponena za chakudyacho, ndiye kuti dolphin wokhala ndi mzungu, ndi wosiyana kwambiri. Mulinso mitundu ya nsomba (sardines, mackerels ndi anchovies), komanso cephalopods, monga squid ndi cuttlefish. Komanso dolphin waku Chile sanyalanyaza crustaceans ang'ono ndi crustaceans osiyanasiyana. Amakhulupirira kuti nsomba zazing'ono zimathanso kukhala ngati nyama kwa dolphin ngati ingalowe m'malo omwe idadyera.

Algae, makamaka algae wobiriwira, amadyanso. Chifukwa chophunzira mosamala zamtunduwu, mwatsoka, palibe zambiri zowonjezera pazakudya zake.

Nthawi zambiri ma dolphin amenewa amasungidwa zazing'ono - kuchokera 2 mpaka 10 anthu.

Kubala ma dolphins oyera

Mfundo zonse zokhudzana ndi kuberekeza kwa dolphin wokhala ndi mzere wobisika sizabisika. Mitundu yoyandikana nayo, yomwe imaphunziridwa bwino, imatha kuphatikizidwa ndi dolphin waku Chile, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti pakati pa mitunduyi ya dolphin imatha pafupifupi miyezi 10, pambuyo pake mkaziyo amabereka mwana wamwamuna mmodzi. Kutalika kwa nyama zimenezi ndi zaka pafupifupi 18-20.

Chitetezo cha dolphin yoyera-yoyera

Ponena za kuchuluka kwa nyama zomwe zimayamwa m'chilengedwechi, komanso momwe zimasungidwira, ndikofunikira kunena kuti mitundu yawo imawerengedwa kuti "yayandikira malo owopsa." Izi zikutanthauza kuti ngati kusuntha kwa anthu kukupitiliza, ndiye kuti mitunduyo itha posachedwa.

Pofotokozera koyambirira kwamtunduwu, anthu omwe adafa adawerengedwa, omwe khungu lawo lidachita khungu chifukwa cha kuwonekera kwa mpweya, koma zoona zake za kumbuyo zimayala mitundu imvi.

Kutha kwamtunduwu kumathandizidwa kwambiri ndi maukonde ophera nsomba ndi mbedza zomwe zimavulaza khungu losalala la dolphin. Nyama zowonongeka nthawi zambiri zimafa chifukwa chotaya magazi, kapena kufa, kumangiriridwa ndi maukonde.

Komanso, ma dolphin ambiri adamwalira m'manja mwa asodzi zaka 80 zapitazo, pomwe mitundu yawo inali yamalonda. Malinga ndi kuyerekezera kosiyanasiyana, dolphin yayikulu-yoyera zaka imeneyo idataya kuchoka pa 1,200 kufika pa 1,600.

Ngati mwapeza cholakwika, chonde sankhani gawo ndikusindikiza Ctrl + Lowani.

Cruciform dolphin / Lagenorhynchus cruciger

Chithunzichi chikuwonetsa wokhala kumadzi a Antarctic ndi subantarctic. Amakhala ndi moyo wachinsinsi, zomwe zimapangitsa kukhala kovuta kwambiri kukumana. Amaphunzira za iye kuchokera kujambulidwe komwe kanapangidwa mu 1820.

Mitundu yokhayo yomwe sayansi yazindikira kuchokera ku nkhani zowona ndi maso. Mpaka pano, anthu 6 okha ndi omwe adaphunzira. Pa thupi lakuda, yoyera, ndikupanga mtundu wa ola.

Monga ma dolphin onse, ndi nyama yachilengedwe. Whalers adakumana ndimagulu ang'onoang'ono a anthu 5-6. Pali umboni wa mboni zowona ndi maso omwe adawona magulu a mpaka 100.

Mwa njira, patsamba lathu ambiri-be).ru pali nkhani yosangalatsa yokhudza nyama zokongola kwambiri padziko lapansi.

Ma dolphin oyera okhala ndi nkhope / Lagenorhynchus albirostris

Woimira wamkulu wa ma dolphin amakula mpaka 3 metres, pomwe akulemera 275 kg. Chizindikiro cha kuwala kwawo, pafupi chizungu.

Amakhala kumpoto kwa Atlantic. Poona kusamukaku, asayansi adawona kuti amatha kusambira kupita ku gombe la Turkey. Amapezeka pagombe la Portugal. Khalani awiriawiri kapena m'magulu a anthu khumi ndi awiri.

Kuthamanga m'madzi ukufika 30 km / h, ndipo kumatha kulowa pansi mpaka mamita 45. Mtunduwu suwamveka bwino. Asayansi akuyerekezera kuchuluka kwa anthu mazana angapo. Amuna okhala ndi tsitsi loyera ali otetezedwa.

Mabotolo a dolphin / ma Tursiops

Imodzi mwazidole wamba. Mitundu imakhala ndi mitundu itatu. Amakhala pafupifupi nyanja zonse ndi nyanja zam'madzi za padziko lapansi.

Amakula kuyambira 2 mpaka 4 m, ndipo akulemera kuchokera ku 150 mpaka 600 kg. Kutengera ndi malo okhala, mtunduwo umasintha. M'mphepete mutha kuwona mawonekedwe osachedwa mawonekedwe a mawanga kapena yaying'ono.

Wasayansi wina wachifalansa Paul Gervais adafotokoza koyamba za dolphin wa botolo mu 1815. Popita nthawi, asayansi azindikira mitundu ya mitundu. Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ndi phokoso, amatchedwanso dolphin. Fomuyi imakuthandizani kuti musambe komanso kusambira mosavuta.

Amazonia Sotalia / Sotalia fluviatilis

Mwa dzina lenileni, mutha kumvetsetsa kuti ma dolphin amenewa amapezeka m'chigwa cha Amazon, komanso kugombe la Latin America. Anthu akumderalo amawatcha Tukushi. Chifukwa chake amatchedwa mafuko a gulu la chinenedwe cha Tupi, ndipo chinali cholankhulidwa mwanjira zabwino.

Kunja, amafanana ndi ma dolphin a botolo, koma a Tukushi ndi ochepa. Akuluakulu samakula kupitirira masentimita 150. Amakhala ndi m'mimba pamimba, ndipo kumbuyo ndi m'mbali nthawi zambiri imakhala imvi. Amakhala m'magulu a anthu 10-15.

Asayansi amasiyanitsa pakati pa magulu am'mtsinje ndi nyanja. Chipilala choyera chikuwonekera pa zovala zamzinda waukulu kwambiri ku Brazil, Rio de Janeiro.

Cetaceans / Lissodelphis

Pali mitundu iwiri. Imodzi imapezeka munyanja zakum'mwera, yachiwiri kumapiri akumpoto. Kula mpaka 2,5 m kutalika. Mlomo wawo ndi wochepa thupi, ndipo ndalama yomalizira siyikupezeka.

M'mphepete mwake muli zipsepse ziwiri zopota. Mawonekedwe opyapyala a zipso ndi zipsepse zam'malo zimawalola kuti azitha kuthamanga kwambiri ndikutsamira pansi posaka chakudya.

Amadyanso nsomba zazing'ono, crustaceans, ndi mollusks. Mitundu yakumpoto imatha kupezeka munyanja zam'mawa za Far East m'mphepete mwa Russia.

Irrawaddy Dolphin / Orcaella breviros

Woimira wachilendo kwambiri wa banja lalikulu la dolphin. Alibe mlomo. Mosiyana ndi mitundu ina, imakhala ndi khosi losuntha.

Zimapezeka m'madzi ofunda a Indian Ocean, kuchokera pagombe la India mpaka Australia. Khalani m'magulu a anthu atatu kapena 6. Sinthani gulu mosavuta, ndikukonda kukhala kumtunda. Kutalika kwa thupi kuchokera pa masentimita 150 mpaka 275. Kulemera kumafikira 140 kg.

Amasambira pang'onopang'ono, ndipo kuti ayang'ane pozungulira akukweza mitu yawo pamwamba pamadzi. Amatuluka kuti amame mpweya ndipo amachita izi mwachangu kwambiri. Wokhala mozama munyanja wapezeka ndipo adafotokozedwa mu 1866.

Chinese dolphin / Sousa chinensis

Wodziwika yekha wokhala ku Southeast Asia, dolphin wamadzi abwino, amaliza mndandanda wathu. Mu 2017, gulu lanyama laku China lomwe latsala pang'ono kuzimiralo lidalengeza kuti nyamazo zitha.

Pali ndalama yachilendo kumbuyo, ndichifukwa chake nthawi zambiri imadziwika kuti "onyamula mbendera". Ku China, dzina lake ndi Baiji. Anthu okhala m'madzi ndi mitsinje yamadzi mu Chigawo cha China cha Wuhan adatsegulidwa mu 1918.

Zachilengedwe ndi moyo wawo zili pafupifupi zosavomerezeka. Mbali yokhala ndi mulomo wamtali. Ana amabadwa akuda kwathunthu, ndipo pakupita nthawi, mtundu wa thupi umawala. Ndizomvetsa chisoni kuti mitunduyi yazimiririka padziko lapansi.

Zambiri zosangalatsa zokhudzana ndi zolengedwa zabwino komanso zanzeru izi zimasinthidwa chaka chilichonse ndi chidziwitso chatsopano. Pomaliza, tazindikira kuti ma dolphin pa nthawi ya chisinthiko adapanga njira yawo yazowonera. Makanda amatenga dzina lawo pobadwa. Amayankha chisonyezo ichi pamoyo wawo wonse. Kuthekera kwina kwa zolengedwa zam'nyanja zodabwitsa ndizodziwonetsa pagalasi.

Tilembera ndemanga zomwe ndi mitundu yabwino kwambiri ya dolphin yomwe mumakonda kwambiri. Tidzasangalalanso kwambiri ndi nkhani zanu zokhudzana ndi ma dolphin.