Scarlet barbus (Puntius) ndi woimira bwino wa banja la Karpov. Awa ndi nsomba zazing'ono zam'madzi zokhala ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 5 mpaka 10. M'malo achilengedwe, barbus yofiira imakhala m'matupi amadzi a Republic of Myanmar, India, Thailand ndi Himalayas. Kufotokozera kwamawonekedwe:

• Thupi limakwezedwa, kupendekeka pang'ono m'mbale.
• Mphesa zamkati zimayala mandala ndi zolembera zakuda.
• Mutu umakhala wopindika patali, wowongoka pang'ono kumapeto.
• Makala ndi akulu, omasuliridwa bwino, okhala ndi siliva wozama.
• Kuyambira kumutu mpaka kumapazi kwasidi pali mzere wamoto wamoto.
• Zipsepse zamkati ndizofiyira. Malo awiri akuda amapezeka kumbali - kumapiri ndi pafupi ndi mchira.

Palinso mawonekedwe a wosakanizidwa - barba wofiyira wa Odessa, yemwe adalandira dzinali chifukwa lidaperekedwa koyamba kwa Odessa panthawi ya mayendedwe ochokera ku Vietnam. Odisha barbus amapaka utoto wonyezimira, ndipo zipsezo kupatula mchira, zimakhala ndi timadontho tosalala.

Kuthengo, nthawi yamoyo ya nsomba zosasamala komanso zokongola iyi ndi zaka 2-2,5, koma kunyumba, Odessa kapena barbus wofiira amatha kukhala ndi moyo mpaka zaka 5.5.

Ma barar Scarlet, ngati nthumwi zina za mtundu wa Puntius, ndi amphaka odzipereka, chifukwa chake zomwe zimabweretsa zimangosangalatsa. Kuti mukhale mu ukapolo, nsomba zimasowa thanki yopanda madzi komanso malo oyera okhala ndi mpweya komanso madzi abwino.

Mtundu wofiirira ndi gulu la nsomba, kuti chiwetocho chisasungidwe mu aquarium chokha, muyenera kugula oimira osachepera 6. Kupanda kutero, ziwetozo zimakumana ndi kupsinjika ndi matenda, khungu lawo limazirala, ndipo kusuntha kwawo kudzachepa. Mukakonza zokhala ngati ma puntiuse ofiira, muyenera kutsatira malamulo awa:

• Kutalika kwa chidebe kuyenera kukhala osachepera 60 cm, voliyumu iyenera kukhala osachepera 70 malita.
• Kutsogolo kwa aquarium ndi pakati kuyenera kukhala kwaulele kusambira. Zonunkhira ndi zomerazo ndizabzalidwe bwino kumbali komanso kumbuyo kwa thankiyo.
• Fyuluta yamphamvu imayikidwa mu aquarium kuti ayeretse madzi, yomwe ipanganso kuyenda.
• Nthaka imasankhidwa kuti ikhale yolimba, yopanda ma tinthu takuthwa, chifukwa ma barbs omwe amakumba nthawi zonse m'nthaka amatha kuvulala.

• Kutentha - 20-25C.
• Acidity - 6.5-7 pH.
• Kuuma - 10-15 dH.

Malo osiyanasiyana okhala ndi malo ogulitsira ayenera kusankhidwa ngati zokongoletsera zam'madzi, chifukwa barbus wofiira amakonda kubisala ndikusewera kugwirana ndi abale. Kusankha zomwe zikuwoneka, muyenera kupewa zinthu zomwe zili ndi konsekonse, zomwe nsomba zimadzivulaza zokha, komanso zinthu zapoizoni komanso zopanda chitetezo zomwe zimatulutsa zinthu zovulaza m'madzi. Zomera zingabzalidwe kuti musangalale nazo, koma ndikofunikira kuti musaiwale kuti puntius wofiira amatha kukumba dothi, lomwe lingawononge maluwa apansi pamadzi ndi mizu yofooka. Mutha kuthana ndi vutoli mwa kuyika algae yokumba, mitundu yoyandama ya maluwa kapena masamba okhala ndi mizu yamphamvu mu thankiyo.
Kuyatsa mababu kumakhala koyenera, chifukwa nsomba sizimakonda kuwala kowala kwambiri kapena kusowa kwake. Njira yabwino ikakhala kuyikapo zenera ndi zenera - nsomba zimakonda kuwala kamasana, ndipo madzulo mumatha kuyatsa magetsi.

Kudyetsa

Mwachilengedwe, puntius ofiira amadya mphutsi ndi tizilombo, nthawi zonse pofunafuna chakudya. Ali mu ukapolo, asodziwo amawonetsa kusasamala pankhani yazakudya, ndipo mosangalatsa amadya zakudya zotsatirazi:

Zakudya zambiri zimayenera kukhala chakudya cha nyama, zochepa - masamba. Ngati mumadyetsa balere kokha ndi chakudya chokhacho, ndiye nsomba imatha kudwala.

Kuphatikiza apo, ma Puntiuse ofiira amakonda kudya kwambiri, ndipo osusuka kwambiri - ma wodi mu aquarium ali okonzeka kudya kwa maola 24. Kuti mupewe mavuto azaumoyo, muyenera kuwongolera mosamala kuchuluka kwa magawo komanso kudyetsa nsomba zosaposa 2 pa tsiku.

Kugwirizana

Mukamasankha oyandikana nawo ngati barba ofiira, munthu ayenera kukumbukira kusuntha kwakukulu ndi chisalungamo cha nsomba zodabwitsazi. Amapuse amatha kubweretsa zovuta zambiri pang'onopang'ono komanso zazikulu za phenotypes, kumangofika nthawi zonse m'zipinda zogona, ndipo nthawi zina makatani amawonetsa zokonda za hooligan - amaluma masharubu, zipsepse zotupa. Chifukwa chake, sikulimbikitsidwa kukhala ndi puntius ofiira ndi scalars, guppies, golffish ndi gourami.

Ngakhale kusunthika komanso kusakhazikika kwa chikhalidwe, makoko omwewo amatha kukhala chakudya cham'malo mwa nsomba zomwe zimadya, chifukwa chake, kulumikizana kophatikizana kwa a puntiuse omwe ali ndiukali komanso zazikulu phenotypes ayenera kupewedwa. Ma Scarlet barbs amawonetsa kuyanjana bwino ndi mitundu yokhudzana, komanso mollies, Congo, tetra ndi zebrafish.

Kufotokozera

Thupi limakhala lotalikirapo, loyendetsedwa pambuyo pake. Mzere wotsatira ndi wosakwanira, masikelo akulu. Antenae kulibe. Kumbuyo ndi kobiriwira imvi, mbali zake ndi zasiliva komanso zachitsulo, m'mimba mwayera. Wamphongo amasiyana ndi wamkazi pakakhala chingwe chofiyira chowoneka bwino m'thupi. Mwachilengedwe, barbus imakula mpaka 10 cm, mu aquarium 6-8 cm.

Kufalitsa

Chimakhala m'madzi abwino komanso opanda zitsime a ngalande, maenje ndi zitsime zina ndi pansi pamatope.

Khalidwe ndi lamtendere, gulu (nsomba 6), lam'manja. Mu aquarium, kumtunda ndi pakati magawo amadzi.

Nsomba zopanda chidwi, koma zokonda kususuka. Kutentha kotentha ndi 24-26 ° C, pH 6.5-7.8, ndi kuwuma kwamadzi 4-20 ° dH. Voliyumu yomwe imalimbikitsa ndi 50 malita.

Sungasungidwe ndi nsomba zokhala ndi zipsepse zamkati kapena zophimba.

Mawonekedwe

Scarlet barbus - mawonekedwe a nsomba yokongola iyi ndi mzere wofiirira wowala mthupi lonse. Zinali chifukwa cha iye kuti barbus amatchedwa "wofiira". Amuna, chizindikiritso chachilengedwe choterocho chimakhalanso ndi mchira. Thupi la barbus lofiirira limakhala ndi mawonekedwe owumbika, lalitali kutalika komanso lathyathyathya kuchokera kumbali. Mtundu waukulu wa nsombayo ndi siliva, koma kumbuyo kumakutidwa ndi wobiriwira, ndipo zipsezo zimapaka utoto wakuda.

Ndizosangalatsa! M'mimba mwa barbus wofiira mumawoneka bwino kwambiri, ndipo zipsepse zimakhala ndi madontho ofiira. Mphepete mwa Scarlet Barbus m'dera la mchira ndi zipsepse za patisiti adakutidwa ndi malo amdima omwe ali ndi chithunzi cha golide. Miyezo ya nsomba ndi yayikulu ndipo imadziwika kwambiri ndi mauna osiyanasiyana.

Malinga ndi zidziwitso zakunja, ndizotheka kusiyanitsa amuna ndi akazi, maonekedwe abwino komanso owoneka bwino, maonekedwe a pinki, ndi mzere wofiyira, womwe nthawi yopepuka umakhala wokhutira, ndikupeza tsitsi lofiirira.

Kukhala mwachilengedwe

Malo okhala Scarlet Barbus ndi gawo lalikulu la malo ocheperako ku India, omwe amaphatikiza zigawo za Bangladesh, Pakistan, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Burma, China, India, ndi Himalayas. Ndi malo awa momwe mumapezeka dziwe ndi mitsinje yambiri (Irrawaddy, Meklong, Mekong, ndi zina) ndi mawonekedwe abata, omwe amakhala "nyumba" ya nsomba za banja la cyprinid, kuphatikizapo barbus yofiira.

Yoyambitsidwa pansi pa mtsinje wa nsomba ndi malo abwino kudya. Pa "kusaka" barbus wofiira amasiya masana. Ngakhale mawonekedwe ake anali okongola, nsombazo zidadziwika ndi asodzi am'madzi ku Europe kokha kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 20. Pakadali pano, ochulukirachulukiratu, gulu losangalatsali likuyamba kutchuka pakati paokonda nsomba zam'madzi zam'madzi.

Oimira mtundu wamtunduwu safuna kusungulumwa, koma mu gulu la theka la khumi ndi awiri omwewo ndi zina zambiri - adzaulula bwino zomwe angathe ngati mamembala a gulu ndi olowa m'malo mwa mabanja.

Chofunikira cha Aquarium

Kuti akwaniritse bwino, amafunika masewera, pomwe, mwiniwake amawasamalira ayenera kutsata madera: pagulu limodzi la anthu 5-7, ndikofunikira kugawa madzi osachepera 50 malita. Izi nsomba sizikupita kutsogolo zofunika kwa magawo ake abwino, chifukwa chake madzi okhala ndi kutentha kwa 18-25 ° C, pH 6.5-7, ndi kuuma dH 5-15 adzakwanira. Koma kuyeretsa kwamadzi mu aquarium ndi machulukitsidwe ake a oxygen kuyenera kuyang'aniridwa mosamalitsa, chifukwa chake chimavomerezedwa kusefa madzi, ndikuisintha ndi gawo lachitatu sabata ndi aeration.

Aquarium zabwino elitali mbali amakona. Mkati mwenimweni mwa aquarium muyenera kupereka malo opanda ufulu pakati, zomwe zingapangitse kuti muzisinkhasinkha zamasewera ndi nsomba zokongola zomwe zalowa m'gulu la gulu, ndipo khoma lakutali ndi khoma lakumaso kwa aquarium ndikofunikira kwambiri kukonza zomera zam'mera, zomwe zimalola mabatani ofiira kusewera wina ndi mnzake pamasewera ndi mpikisano mzanga bisani mmenemo. Itha kubweranso ndi miyala yayikulu ngati miyala yayikulu, driftwood, ndi zinthu zina zambiri zamkati zamapangidwe am'madzi. Monga barbs kuwala kothamanga. Kwa iwo omwe amakonda kulumpha barbs, chivundikiro cha aquarium ndikofunikira ndi nyali yomwe imayikidwa pakatikati kapena pafupi ndi khoma lakutsogolo kwa aquarium, kupatsa zachilengedwe, koma osati zowala.

Scarlet barb chakudya, zakudya

Mwachilengedwe, barbus yofiira imadya zonse chakudya cham'mera ndi nyama (mphutsi, tizilombo, kuphatikizapo detritus). Chifukwa chake, mutakhala ndi hydrobiont yowala kwambiri kunyumba, simungadandaule za mawonekedwe a chakudya. Chofunikira ndikumamupatsa chakudya chokwanira komanso chosiyanasiyana monga chilengedwe. Kupatula apo, ndizofunikira zomwe zimakhudza thanzi, mtundu wokongola komanso kusadziletsa kwa nsomba.

Ndizosangalatsa! Zosunga pa barbus wofiira ndi chakudya chowundira, chamoyo (coretra, nyongolotsi yamagazi, ma cyclops, tubule) ndi chouma. Komanso musaiwale zamasamba, ndibwino kuwonjezera saladi, sipinachi ku chakudya ndikubzala mbewu zomwe zili ndi masamba ambiri pansi pa aquarium - cryptocarin, echinodorus, anubias.

Ndikwabwino kupatsa chakudya chomwe chimamira mpaka pansi, zakudya zomwe sizimilira zidzatsogolera kukuwola kwa mpweya wambiri ndi nsomba, zomwe zingasokoneze kayendedwe kake kawirikawiri kudzera m'matanthwe a aquarium ndikupangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kulowa pansi. Zakudya za barbs wofiira ndizofanana ndi zamtundu wina uliwonse wa nsomba zam'madzi, ndiye kuti, wathanzi komanso wathanzi. Akazi ndi amuna omwe amakhala ndi barele amakonda kususuka, omwe amayenera kukumbukiridwa ndikutsatiridwa pokonzekera kadyedwe. Monotony komanso pafupipafupi, kudyetsa zambiri kumakhala ndi kunenepa kwambiri komanso kufa kwa barbus yofiirira. Chifukwa chake, zakudya zoyenera ndikudya m'mawa ndikudyetsa madzulo, maola 3-4 musanazimitse magetsi a aquarium. Ndikofunika kuti ngakhale kamodzi pa sabata kukonzekera "tsiku lanjala" la munthu wamkulu.

Kuswana kunyumba

Ndizosangalatsa! Mwambiri, kuswana ndi kulima kwa ana a anthu okongola okongola a m'midzi yakunyumba sikumafunikira kuchita zambiri komanso mtengo. Ndikokwanira kukonzekeretsa malo oyang'aniramo pansi (nyanja yam'madzi yokhala ndi malita 20) yokhala ndi zikhalidwe zamtchire zomwe zimakhala ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono, ndikuyika miyala pamenepo ndikuwunikira.

Madzi azikhala okwanira madigiri angapo kuposa madzi am'madzi akuluakulu. Kuphatikiza apo, Aquarium yotere iyenera kukhala ndi gawo lomwe limalepheretsa kulankhulana kwaposachedwa pakati pa amuna ndi akazi.

M'nyumba yakanayi, wamwamuna ndi wamkazi azisungidwa kwa sabata limodzi kapena ziwiri, kuwapatsa zakudya zokwanira, koma osawonjezera. Pamodzi, yaikazi imayamba kutulutsa mazira, ndipo yamphongo imathira manyowa. Ndikofunika kutsatira kumapeto kwa njirayi kuti mubweretse nsomba kuti zitheke mu aquarium yayikulu kuti musadye caviar kapena mwachangu. Pazifukwa zomwezo, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito gululi yomwe imalola mazira kudutsa ndikuletsa kuzunza kwa makolo.

Patsiku lomwe mutha kuyembekezera kuwonekera kwa makanda, tsiku lachitatu amafunika kupatsidwa chakudya chamagulu (ciliates, microworms). Akatembenuka mwezi umodzi, ndibwino kusiyanitsa chakudya ndi mbewu zofunikira. Pakupita miyezi itatu ndi theka, mwachangu amayamba kuwonetsa zachiwerewere, zomwe pamapeto pake zimachitika kumapeto kwa mwezi wamawa.

Kugula Khola Lobowola

Pakadali pano, pali chidwi chowonjezeka cha oimira amtundu wamtunduwu wa nsomba omwe sanayanjanitsidwepo kale. Chifukwa chake, iwo amene akufuna kugula barbus yofiyira amatha kukumana ndi zovuta kupeza. Wopeza nsomba zomwe adakhumba sizingadutse njira yowunika omwe adayitanawo ndikusankha oyenera, kapena, moyenera, kuwunika osayenerera.

Zachidziwikire, kuti musankhe woyimira bwino wa nsomba zamtunduwu, muyenera kudziwa mawonekedwe awo ndi mawonekedwe awo, komanso mawonekedwe awo. Chifukwa chake, choyambirira, muyenera kusamala ndi kusuntha kwa nsomba, kusewera kwawo - mabatani athanzi osasunthika, amakonda kugwira ntchito ngakhale "kuwukira" oyandikana nawo. Opepuka, osawonetsa chidwi pamasewera ndi chakudya cha nsomba, ndibwino kuti musagule, ngakhale danga la aquarium silili loyera kwambiri ndipo wogulitsa akutanthauza chifukwa ichi ngati chifukwa chomveka chokwanira.

Koma ngakhale anthu omwe amakhala ndi chidwi chakudya amatha kukhala ndi mavuto azaumoyo, monga momwe zizindikiro zakunja zimakhalira kumbuyo, mutu wam'maso ndi scruff zitha kupereka lingaliro - ndibwino kuti musatenge nsomba kuchokera ku aquarium iyi, chifukwa imatha kudwala matenda a mycobacteriosis. Nthawi zambiri, mabatani ofiira amakhala osatetezeka komanso amatha kupewetsa matenda.

Ndizosangalatsa! Ngati mukufuna kugula nsomba zobereketsa, muyenera kukumbukira kuti chachikazi ndichachikulupo kuposa chachimuna, ndipo chachimuna ndichojambulidwa chowala. Mulimonsemo, milingo yawo iyenera kukhala yoyera komanso yopanda mipata.

Mtengo wowerengera wa barbus wofiira ndi ruble zana limodzi ndi makumi asanu.

Kuswana

Kuberekera kwa barba wofiyira kunyumba ndikosavuta komanso kosavuta - ndikungotulutsa ndi nsomba zingapo zomwe zimagwirizana ndi amuna kapena akazi anzawo omwe ndi ana omwe amafunikira kuti mwana athe kufunidwa. Mutha kusiyanitsa mkazi ndi wamwamuna ndi zosiyana izi:

• Amuna ndi ochepa kuposa akazi, koma ali ndi mtundu wowala.
• Nsomba zachikazi ndizazungulire komanso zazikulu, zopanda utoto wowala.

Kuti zitheke, zomera zobisika zimabzalidwa mkati mwake, ndipo pansi pa thankiyo mumakutidwa ndi ukonde, womwe ndi wofunikira kuteteza mazira kwa makolo olimba. Mulingo wamadzi m'bokosi losungirako suyenera kupitirira 17 cm, kuyatsa kuyenera kuzimiririka, popeza caviar ya barbs imakonda kuwala.

Kuterera kwa scarlet nthawi zambiri kumachitika m'mawa: atatha chibwenzi ndikukhwima, mkazi akameza mazira, omwe amakhala ndi umuna wachiwiri. Ntchitoyo ikamaliza, nsombazo zimasungidwira mumzinda wakale wa aquarium pazifukwa zotetezeka. Pambuyo pa tsiku, mphutsi zimawonekera, zomwe pambuyo pa masiku 3-4 zimasinthidwa kukhala mwachangu. Pakadali pano, ana akhonza kuyamba kudyetsedwa fumbi lamoyo, ciliates ndi nyongolotsi zapansi.

Mabau ocheperako ndi nsomba zosasangalatsa, zomwe zili mkati ndi chisamaliro zomwe ngakhale woyambitsa zanyansi angachite. Poona kupilira, mphamvu ndi maonekedwe okongola a nsomba, anthu ambiri ochokera ku Scuba amatenga ma puntius ofiira, akusangalala kuswana nsomba izi kunyumba.