Amakhala kumadera akumadzulo ndi pakati pa Africa kuyambira ku Ivory Coast mpaka ku Zaire, nthawi zina amapezeka ku Angola, makamaka m'malo obiriwira mvula komanso m'malo otentha. Amakonda matupi amadzi ndi madzi oyenda pang'onopang'ono kapena oyimirira, pomwe samasungidwa kumtunda ndi mbewu. Amakhalanso m'madziwe osaya bwino omwe nthawi yawo imatha. Nsomba zomwe zimakhalamo, zomwe zimatchedwa nyengo (pachaka), zimakhala kuyambira nyengo yamvula kufikira nthawi yachilala, i.e. pafupifupi miyezi 6. The caviar woyikiratu dothi samagwira chilala ndipo mvula ikayamba kuwuma.
Thupi limakhala lokwera komanso lalitali, pafupi ndi mawonekedwe a pike, mbali yakumaso imakhala ngati cylindrical ndipo imathothomoka pambuyo pake ku tsinde la caudal. Mphumi wakhazikika pang'onopang'ono, kamwa yapamwamba. Maluso akulu a dorsal amapatsidwa gawo lotsatira la theka la thupi. Amuna ndi okongola, osiyanasiyana mitundu. Akazi amapaka utoto wosavuta, nthawi zina zimakhala zovuta kudziwa kuyanjana kwa mitundu yawo.
Amuna amachitirana nkhanza wina ndi mzake, koma m'madzi ambiri omwe ali ndi nsomba zambiri chidwi chawo chimamwazika ndikuyamba kupsa mtima.
Afiosemionov ikhoza kusungidwa mu malo osungira anthu ambiri, koma kumeneko sadzionetsera kwathunthu ayi, kapena mtundu. Mitundu yabwinoko ya aquarium yokhala ndi akazi amodzi ndi akazi angapo kapena ma aquarium okhala ndi ma cyprinid, ndipo mitunduyo imayenera kukhala m'magawo osiyanasiyana amadzi. Malo okhala ndi dothi, omwe ndi oyenera kuphimba ndi peat yophika, m'malo opitilira, komanso zomera zoyandama, komanso malo osakwanira osambira, mutha kuyikapo nkhuni. Pamwamba pa aquarium iyenera kuphimbidwa, chifukwa pali milandu yodumphira nsomba.
22-24 ° C, dH 4-12 °, pH 5.5-7, mpaka 25. Posintha madzi, ziyenera kudziwika kuti nsomba zimakonda kusintha kwamitundu yake. Akatswiri ena am'madzi amalimbikitsa kuwonjezera mchere (1.5 g / l) pamadzi.
khalani (makamaka magazi am'mimba, coronetra, tubule, enchitreus, earthworms), ng'ombe yokhala ndi mafuta ochepa itha kukhala. Ma crustaceans (daphnia, cyclops) ndi zina zina sizimatengedwa ndi nsomba zonse.
Malinga ndi njira yolera nsomba ikhoza kugawidwa m'magulu awiri akuluakulu. Mmodzi, caviar imayamba popanda kupindika, inayo ndi. Pali gulu la nsomba, lomwe limakhazikitsa mazira popanda kukakamira ndi limodzi nawo.
Ndikofunika kuti amuna ndi akazi azikhala padera asanafikire kutulutsa. Nthawi zambiri munthu wamwamuna mmodzi ndi wamkazi wamphongo wa 2-4 amayamba kuzimiririka. Kukula kumatenga milungu ingapo, wamkazi amataya mazira angapo patsiku, nthawi zambiri m'mawa.
Mitundu ya nsomba yomwe mazira ake amatulutsa popanda kutuluka amatuluka pansi kapena pafupi ndi nthaka, pomwe mazira amamatira ku gawo lapansi. Aquarium yowala yopanda dothi imayikidwa pansi lapansi. Hafu yake ndikwabwino kubzala mbewu zazing'ono zazikazi zomwe zazikazi zimapeza pabwino kwa wamamuna wankhanza. Zomera zoyandama zimasiyidwa pamtunda kuti mitundu ya mazira ikutambalala pansi, kapena mbewu zazing'onoting'ono zikaikidwa pansi, ndikuzilemetsa ndi timitengo tagalasi tomwe timamera pansi (m'malo mwa mbewu, mutha kuyika peat). Zingwe zopanga zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati gawo lapansi, kuchokera pomwe panicle yachilendo, yomwe imamangirizidwa ndi chidutswa cha thovu choyandama pansi kapena cholimbikitsidwa pansi.
Madzi a Aquarium, ofewa: 24-26 ° C, d H 2-6 °, pH 5.5-6.5, mulingo 10 cm.Atseri ena am'madzi amalimbikitsa kuwonjezera mchere (1.5 g / l).
Pali njira zingapo za kuswana:
- Nsomba sizichotsedwa mu malo am'madzi ndikudikirira kuwaswa ndi kuwoneka mwachangu kumtunda (nsomba, makamaka, osakhudza mazira ndi mwachangu), pambuyo pake imagwidwa ndikuusamutsira ku aquarium yokulira.
- Nsomba sizichotsedwa, ndipo gawo lokhala ndi caviar limasamutsidwa kupita ku chotengera chaching'ono chokhala ndi madzi a 3-5 cm komanso magawo omwewo. Caviar imayang'aniridwa nthawi zonse, makamaka masiku 4-5 oyamba, chifukwa nthawi imeneyi nthawi zambiri imakutidwa ndi bowa. Mazira oterewa ndi oyeretsedwa amachotsedwa. Kukula kwa mluza kumatha pamene maso ake akuwoneka ngati mawanga amdima. Pakadali pano, wina akuyenera kuyembekeza, komwe kumatha kuthiridwa ndi kuthirira mazira ndi madzi omwewo, koma ozizira (2-4 ° C).
- Nsomba zimachotsedwa ndikutsitsa madzi mpaka 3-5cm komanso kupitirira monga tafotokozera pamwambapa.
Izi zimachitika kuti ngakhale pali kulondola kwakhazikika kwa mazira, kuwaswa sikumachitika. Kenako muyenera kugwedeza mbale ndi madzi ndi caviar, ngati izi sizikuthandizani, ndiye kuti m'malo mwake muzikhala madzi abwino ndi ozizira (10 ° C). Ndikothekanso kuthira chakudya chouma (daphnia, cyclops, etc.) pamadzi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mabakiteriya azikula komanso kuchepa kwa zomwe zili ndi okosijeni, ndipo mwachangu amatha kuthyola mazira kuti atuluke m'malo ovutikawo. Iyenera kusinthidwa nthawi yomweyo kuti isungidwe madzi oyera ndi magawo omwewo ngati momwe mumakhalira madzi osambira.
R. Bech (24) imakhulupirira kuti pansi pa malo osambira nsomba zam'madzi am'madzi zomwe zimadutsa m'mphepete, ndikofunikira kuyika mchenga wabwino, womwe utatha kuwaza ndikuchotsa nsomba, umazunguliridwa ndi sume ndipo mazira otsala pamsingo amayikidwa mu mbale yaying'ono ndi madzi kuchokera kumizere yoyambira ndi ya aquarium 3-5 masentimita ndipo masabata awiri amayendera ndikuchotsa mazira osaphimba kapena owira, ndiye kuti otsala ndi athanzi amasinthidwa kuti akhale peat. M'malo mchenga, mutha kuyika peat, yomwe imachotsedwa nthawi ndi nthawi ndikusinthidwa ndi yatsopano (koma osachedwa kuposa milungu itatu). Peat imayikidwa mu sieve ndikuthirira madzi mpaka itatsikira, ndiye kuti imayikidwa mu masentimita 2-3 ndikuuma pang'ono, koma iyenera kusunga chinyezi chokwanira kuti ichotse madontho amadzi. Peat yotere yokhala ndi caviar imasungidwa mu thumba mu pulasitiki yotsekedwa kapena galasi kapena mu thumba la pulasitiki pa 21-23 ° C (R. Beh (24) amakhulupirira kuti kutsitsa kutentha nthawi ya usiku kumakhudzanso mazira). Kwa masabata awiri, mazira akufa amafufuzidwa ndikuchotsedwa tsiku lililonse, ndiye kuti mimbayo imayang'aniridwa sabata iliyonse ndi galasi lokulitsa.
Chitukuko chake chikamalizidwa (maso akuwoneka ngati mawanga amdima), peat imasinthidwa ku chotengera ndikuthiridwa ndi madzi ofewa pamtunda wa 2-4 ° C kutsika kuposa nthawi yosungirako. Mulingo wamadzi sapitirira masentimita 3. Kenako kutentha kumakwezedwa pang'onopang'ono mpaka 25 ° C. Frying mwachangu imasinthidwa kupita ku aquarium yokulirapo yokhala ndi madzi ofewa; momwe mwachangu amakula, pang'onopang'ono amawonjezera msinkhu komanso kuuma kwamadzi. Caviar nthawi zambiri amakhalabe mu peat ndipo imayumidwanso ndipo njirayi imabwerezedwanso.
Chakudya choyambira: khala fumbi.
Afiozemion, kapena afiosemion striatum: Kusunga ndi kuswana nsomba.
Chithunzi: Aphyosemion Striatum
Chithunzi: Aphyosemion Striatum
Kukula 6 cm, wamkazi nthawi zambiri amakhala ocheperako. Wamphongo ndi wamkulu, wotuwa lowala, malekezero a zipsepse ndi odongo.
Amakhala m'malo otsetsereka, owuma pang'ono mapiri a Cameroon.
Ndikofunika kuti mitunduyi izisungidwa payokha m'madzi am'madzi okwanira 8-15. Momwe nthaka, yophika tchipisi, mchenga wam'madzi, makamaka wamdima, kapena wophwanyika wokhazikika. Zomera zazing'onoting'ono, mitengo yothinjiriza ndi miyala zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kukongoletsa madzi am'madzi. Kusintha kwamadzi m'magawo ang'onoang'ono. Nsomba zachilengedwe zimakhala ndi moyo zaka 1-2 ndipo zikatha kutha msambo zimamera tsiku lililonse kwa moyo wawo wonse.
Madzi okonza: dH mpaka 15 °, pH 6.5-7.0, t 18-22 ° С.
Kubala madzi: dH mpaka 8 °, pH 6.5-6.8, t 22-25 ° C. Kuuma kwa Carbonate ndizochepa.
Kuswana
Kulera ndikotheka ku aquarium kuti ikonzedwe. Kutsika kwa madzi ndi kuchepa kwa kuchuluka ndi kuuma kwa carbonate, kuchuluka kwa kutentha kwa 2-3 ° C ndi kudya zochuluka ndizofunikira.
Kubalaza kumakulitsidwa nthawi yayitali, kotero mwachangu kuwaswa nthawi ndi nthawi. Nthawi zambiri gulu la nsomba limasinthidwa kuchoka pachilumbacho kupita pa linzake masiku 7 mpaka 7. Wodandaula caviar. Kukhazikika kwa mazira kumatenga masiku 15-20. Chosangalatsa cha kuwaswa kwakukulu kwa mwachangu ndi kuwonjezera kwa madzi ndi kutentha kwa 2-3 ° C.
Kuyambira poyambira - artemia, dulani machubu.
Njira ina yoswana
Amuna ndi akazi ali m'masiku okwanira 7-10 ndipo amadyetsedwa bwino. Fontinalius kapena chomera chilichonse chaching'ono, chomwe chimakhala pafupifupi 1/3 cha kutchetchera, chimayikidwa ndikangochapa malita 4-5 popanda dothi. Opanga amabzala mutabzala kwa masiku 7, 7, pakukhazikika, mazira amapangidwira mbewu. Pochulukacha, nsomba zimadyetsedwa ndi nyongolotsi yamagazi kapena chubu. Kenako kuzungulira konse kumabwerezanso. Pambuyo pazoyendayenda 3-4, opanga amaloledwa kupumula kwa mwezi umodzi. Pambuyo poswana, madziwo m'matulawo amachepetsedwa kukhala masentimita 5-7, ndipo pakatha milungu iwiri amathiridwa ndi madzi abwino kuti akonzere kuwerera kwakukulu. Amazindikira bwino kuwonjezeka kwa mchere wa tebulo - supuni imodzi pa 10 malita a madzi.
Zina zambiri
Afiosemions (Aphyosemion sp.) - mtundu wamadzi am'madzi oyera kuchokera ku Carp-like, wokhala kudera la West Africa. Zimapezeka makamaka zazing'ono, nthawi zambiri zimayanika matupi amadzi ndiofatsa.
M'malo momwe nsomba zimakhalamo nsomba zimadaliratu. Kusiyana kwakukulu kwa kutentha (mpaka 20 ° C), kusintha kwa acidity ndi kuuma kwamadzi, ndipo nthawi zina ngakhale kuyanika kwathunthu m'matupi amadzi, kumapezeka kulikonse nsomba. Chifukwa chake, nyengo yonse ya moyo imagwirizanitsidwa mosiyanasiyana ndi nyengo zamvula ndi chilala, zomwe nsomba zimatchedwa nyengo. Nyimbo yotereyi idatsogolera kuti kupha kumayamba mwachangu kwambiri kutha msinkhu, kapena caviar amatha kukhala mumtambo wonyowa kwa nthawi yayitali nthawi yamvula isanayambe.
Kulumikizana kwa ma Hierarchical pamagulu a afiosemions ndizosangalatsa kwambiri. Wamphongo wamphamvu kwambiri amakhala ndi mwayi wazakudya ndi kubereka. Imakhala pafupi ndi kamene imayang'anitsitsa ndikatulutsa umuna womwe uli pafupi. Amuna ena amatha kutsutsa ulamuliro wawo pokhapokha pa nkhondo. Koma mwayi akapanda kuseketsa kwa wowukira, ndiye kuti watayika, ndiye kuti utoto wakewo umazirala, ndipo nsomba zomwezo sizingadye kwa masiku angapo ndikubisala pakona yakuda ndi yamdima. Koma patatha masiku angapo, wotayika amabwereranso ku paketiyo, ndipo kuzungulira kumabwereza.
Kachitidwe ka afiosemions kumakhala kovuta komanso kosokoneza. Pali mitundu yambiri yophatikiza yomwe imagulitsidwa, komanso mayina angapo amalonda, omwe amaphatikizira chizindikirocho. Ngakhale zili choncho, ngakhale katswiri wazam'madzi kwambiri amatha kupeza chofukizira mogwirizana ndi zomwe amakonda.
Mawonekedwe
Mitundu yonse ya ma afiosemions imakhala ndi mawonekedwe ofanana ndi thupi. Imakhala yayitali, yochepa thupi, yopindika. Zipsepse zamphamvu, maso ndi akulu. Makamaka amakopeka ndi ndalama zamkati zofanizira. Pakamwa pakamwa - pofuna kupezeka kodya tizilombo timalowa m'madzi. Malipiro a dorsal ndi okwera ndikuperekedwera ku caudal.
Afiosemion South. Mawonekedwe
Mtundu umatengera mitundu, koma anyani amphongo nthawi zonse amakhala owoneka bwino, ali ndi zipsepse zamitundu mitundu. Akaziwo ndi nondescript. Tsoka ilo, sikuti mtunduwo siwokhwima mwatsatanetsatane, kotero sizingatheke kudziwa mawonekedwe okha.
Chiyembekezo cha moyo wam'madzi ndi zaka 2-3. Ikasungidwa m'madzi otentha kwambiri, nthawi yayifupi imafupikitsidwa.
Habitat
Mitundu yambiri imapezeka kugombe lakumadzulo kwa equatorial Africa. Anthu okhala m'midzi ing'onoing'ono yoyenda komanso yosayenda yoyenda yomwe imatha kuwuma pakagwa chilala. Kuzungulira kwa chitukuko kumalumikizidwa ndikusintha kwanyengo yachisanu komanso mvula yambiri.
Magawo a madzi m'matupi am'madzi amtunduwu amasintha kwambiri. Ikamuma, madzi amawuma kwambiri, koma pofika mvula, mbali zakufa za mbewuzo zimawola, zomwe zimapangisa madzi ndikumadzaza ndi ma tannins.
Afiosemion Gardner (Fundulopanchax gardneri)
Malinga ndi gulu lamakono, nsomba ndi za banja lina, koma nthawi zambiri zimapezeka pansi pa dzina loti Afiosemion Gardner.
M'mene nsomba zimabadwira ndi mitsinje ya ku Nigeria ndi Cameroon.
Kukula mu aquarium sikupita masentimita 7. Amuna ndi akulu kuposa akazi ndipo ali ndi zipsepse zopanga zambiri. Mtundu wa thupi umatengera mtundu womwe udachokera kapena mtundu wa nsomba. Zochitika zambiri za Gardner zomwe zimakhala ndi chitsulo kapena golide wonyezimira. Zodziwika bwino ndi timawonekedwe tofiirira komanso timaso tokongola. Zachikazi sizowala kwambiri ndipo zimakhala ndi tinthu tofiirira tofiirira to the body. Malovu ndi ochenjera kapena sapezeka.
Afiosemion Gardner
Osavomerezeka pokonza, muzigwirizana bwino ndi zomera zokhala ndi nsomba komanso bata. Ndikofunika kupatula zazing'ono zazikazi zazikazi zazikazi. Kukula kocheperako kwam'madzi ndi 60 malita.
Kukonda nsomba, sikukhudza anthu oyandikana nawo mu aquarium. Ziphuphu ndizotheka pakati pa amuna, koma nthawi zambiri sizibweretsa zowonongeka zazikulu.
Mazira amatha kukhalabe ndi moyo wopitilira mwezi, kukhala pansi peat kapena silt.
Chiyembekezo cha moyo ndi zaka 2-2,5.
South Afiosemion (Aphyosemion australe)
Imapezeka kwambiri kumadambo akumayiko aku Africa monga Angola, Gabon, Cameroon ndi Congo. Ndi imodzi mwazimbudzi zotchuka kwambiri zam'madzi.
Thupi ndi lokwera, pamphumi, ndi pakamwa patali. Utoto wamphongo ndi wofiirira-wofiirira wokhala ndi mawanga ofiira mthupi lonse. Pafupi ndi zotchingira gill mungathe kupeza malo owoneka bwino amtambo. Mtundu wa zipsepowu umagwirizana ndi mtundu waukulu ndipo umakhala ndi mzere wofiirira kumapeto kwake. Zachikazi sizowala bwino: madontho ofiira amabalalika pakhungu lofiirira, ziphuphu zimazunguliridwa. M'madzi am'madzi, nsomba zimatha kukula mpaka 6 cm.
Afiosemion South
Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana, yotchuka kwambiri monga chokoleti ndi golide. Amatha kulolera limodzi ndi gardner afiosemion, koma ana amakhalabe osabereka.
Amuna a kum'mwera kwa afiosemion amakhala ankhanza kwambiri kuposa amuna anzawo. Mikangano imatha kupewedwa ndikusunga nsomba m'magulu okhala ndi zazikazi komanso malo akuluakulu okhala ndi malo okhala.
Kutha msanga kumachitika msanga - miyezi 3-4. Caviar amatha kupirira kuyanika kwathunthu.
Chiyembekezo chamoyo chafika zaka zitatu.
Kusamalira ndi kukonza
Ndikofunika kusunga nsomba m'magulu aanthu osachepera anayi omwe amakhala ndi akazi ambiri. Gulu laling'ono limakhala ndi aquarium ya malita 60. Kupezeka kwa chivundikiro ndikofunikira, chifukwa ma afiosemions amatha kudumpha mosavuta mu aquarium.
Nthaka nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito mchenga wabwino kapena timiyala tating'ono. Zodzikongoletsera zabwino kwambiri zidzakhala mitundu yosiyanasiyana yazomera zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi nsomba ngati malo okhala. Nthawi yomweyo, ndikofunikira kusiya malo osambira kwaulere. Afiosemions sakonda kuwala kowala, ikhoza kuzikiridwa ndi chithandizo cha mbewu zoyandama pamwamba.
Afiosemion mu wamba aquarium
Kudzisanja bwino ndikofunikira kuti nsomba ikhale ndi thanzi labwino, koma kutuluka kwa fayilo sikuyenera kukhala kolimba kwambiri, chifukwa mitunduyi imakonda matupi oyimilira kapena oyenda pang'onopang'ono. Afiosemions amakhala omasuka kwambiri m'madzi am'madzi okhala ndi madzi otentha "amdima"; kuti muwapange, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mpweya wa Tetra ToruMin.
Magawo abwino am'madzi pazomwe zili: T = 20-24 ° C, pH = 6.0-7.0, GH = 2-10.
Sitikulimbikitsidwa kusunga ma afiosemions mu aquariums okhala ndi kutentha pamwamba pa 24 ° C, izi zimachepetsa kwambiri moyo wawo. Kusintha kwamadzi sabata iliyonse mpaka 30% ya kuchuluka kwa aquarium kumafunika.
Kugwirizana
Ndikofunika kusunga zofunikira mu aquarium yamtundu. Ngakhale kuti ma skopa amayang'aniridwa nthawi zambiri pakati pa amuna, amangogwira ntchito yokhazikitsa olowera ndipo amawonekera mwachilengedwe, akumatha popanda vuto.
Ngati mukufuna kusunga nsomba mu malo wamba wamba, ndibwino kuti musankhe oyandikana nawo omwe si aukali wofanana. Mitundu ina ya ma afiosemions, kusanthula, ma tetras, apistogram, ma corfish a corfish ndizoyenera.
Sitikulimbikitsidwa kuphimba nsomba yophimba; zipsepse zake za chic zimatha kudwala "mano" a zolemba. Ndipo, zoona, kuphatikiza kwawo pamodzi ndi nsomba zazikulu zolusa, zomwe zimawazindikira ang'onoang'ono ngati chakudya chokhala, ndizotsutsana.
Kudyetsa Afiosemion
Chakudya chachilengedwe cha ma afiosemions chimakhala ndi tizilombo komanso mphutsi zomwe zimagwera pamadzi kapena zimagwa kuchokera kumasamba azomera zam'mphepete mwa nyanja. Khomo lotseguka molunjika limalola kumeza chakudya kuchokera pamadzi bwino bwino momwe mungathere.
Ndili ndi aquarium, chisankho chabwino kwambiri chodyetsa ma afiosemions chimakhala chakudya chouma chapamwamba, chifukwa moyo ndi chisanu siwathunthu ndipo umakhala ndi chiopsezo chodwala matendawa ndi matenda oyipa.
Popeza momwe mumameza chakudya, ndibwino kungokhala pazakudya zomwe zimayandama pansi - ma flakes ndi tchipisi.
Monga chakudya choyambirira, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito TetraMin mu phala - chakudya chokwanira chouma, chopangidwa kuchokera kuzinthu zoposa 40, zopatsidwa mavitamini ndi prebiotic. Ma flakes opepuka komanso opatsa thanzi amakhala pansi kwakanthawi, pambuyo pake amayamba kumira pang'onopang'ono.
Ngati muli mwini wa ma afiosemions omwe mumakhala mitundu yofiira, yachikaso kapena lalanje, ndiye kuti mukulabadira kuti mudye ndi zowonjezera zachilengedwe - Tetra Rubin flakes kapena TetraPro color tchipisi. Pakatha milungu iwiri mukudyetsa pafupipafupi, mudzazindikira kuwonjezeka kwa mawonekedwe a ziweto zanu.
Ndipo monga chithandizo chabwino komanso chopatsa thanzi, perekani zothandizanso kwa Tetra FreshDelica. Izi ndi zakudya zotchuka mu zakudya zopatsa chidwi zomwe zimakopa chidwi ndi anthu omwe amadyera nyama zing'onozing'ono, pomwe mungakhale otsimikiza kuti nsomba sizigwira matenda aliwonse.
Afiosemions ndi owoneka bwino, choncho musaiwale kukonza tsiku la kusala kwa nsomba kamodzi pa sabata.
Kuswana ndi kuswana
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma aphiosemions ali ndi mitundu yawo yamtundu wina. Ena a iwo amaikira mazira m'madzi am'madzi amchere, pomwe ena amakonda kugwiritsa ntchito dothi pazifukwa izi. Komabe, njira izi siziri zamphumphu ndipo, nthawi zina, nsomba zimatha kusankha gawo lina lililonse kuti lipangike. A mawonekedwe a kubadwanso kwa afiosemions ndikutalika kwa mazira. Izi nthawi zambiri zimatenga masabata 2-3 mumadzi am'madzi, ndipo masabata 3-4 atayamwa mu peat. Chodabwitsa, njira yotsirizayi imakupatsani mwayi woti mutumize mitundu ina ya caviar, ngakhale makalata muchilimwe.
Kuwala kwam'madzi mu nsomba kumanenedwa: Akazi ndi ocheperako komanso achikuda kwambiri kuposa amuna.
Amayi ndi Akazi Afiosemion Akumwera
Ma Aquarists amagwiritsa ntchito njira zingapo zokulira mwachangu:
Pamatenthedwe a madzi a 8-10 ° C, makulidwe amazira amatenga masiku 12-18. Nthawi zambiri pamakhala zochitika pomwe mwachangu samaswedwa nthawi yayitali. Zikatero, caviar iyenera kukondowezedwa. Kuti muchite izi, onjezerani madzi abwino, gwedezani chidacho pang'ono kapena onjezerani chakudya chouma chaching'ono kuti mutsetse mabakiteriya. Bacteria amawononga zipolopolo za mazira. Kuyanika kwa Caviar kwa maola ambiri kungathandizenso.
Nsomba zimakula mwachangu kwambiri. Kutha msinkhu kumachitika pazaka pafupifupi miyezi 3-4.
Mawonekedwe
Kusiyana pakati pa amuna ndi akazi: Chikazi chimakhala chocheperako. wamwamuna wamkulu, wowoneka bwino, wotsirizika amatha.
Kanema. Mwamuna ndi wamkazi:
Kanema. Maonekedwe athiosemion striatum:
Akazi Afiosemion Striatum
Utali wamoyo: Zaka 1-2.
Magawo amadzi: t 19-24 ° C, dH mpaka 15 °, pH 6.5-7.0,
Zimakhala bwino ndi nsomba zina, komabe zimawonetsera kukongola kwake ndi umunthu wake ndi zomwe sizimakonda. Akatswiri ena am'madzi amalimbikitsa kuwonjezera mchere - supuni imodzi pa 10 malita a madzi.
Mutha kuwasunga m'misili yaying'ono, kuchokera pa malita atatu pa "chisa" (1 wamwamuna ndi wamkazi). Koma ocheperako pang'ono makope a 10-15, adzawoneka bwino kwambiri. Kukula kwa malita 20 mpaka 40 ndi koyenera pano. Kubzala aquarium ndi mbewu sizimapweteka - ndizosangalatsa m'maso, ndipo nsomba imakhala bata. Kukalamba ndi kusefera kosavuta sikungakhale kopusa. Inde, sungathe kukhazikitsa kusefera mu madzi okwanira malita 3-5, koma sikuti cholepheretsa mavoliyumu akulu. Ikasungidwa pamatenthedwe apamwamba, njira za moyo zimathandizira, ndipo mibadwo ya nsomba imathamanga, ndipo ambiri sakonda kwenikweni. Zimakhala kuti zofunikira zimafunikira madzi akale - izi ndi zoyambira. Kulowetsedwa sabata lililonse kwa voliyumu 1/5 kumangowonjezera thanzi lawo.
Zakudya zoyambirira, monga zokonda zonse - chakudya chamoyo. Ndikwabwino kuzidyetsa ndi chakudya chamoyo - magazi, coronetra, tubule, daphnia ndi cyclops. Amadyanso magazi a ma ayisikilimu. M'malo ena osiyanasiyana - nyama ina yoboola (nyama ndi nsomba), chakudya chouma - muyenera kuphunzitsa nsomba.
Kufotokozera ndi malo achilengedwe
Mwa oimira awa a banja la cyprinid, amuna ndi akazi ndi osiyana kwambiri wina ndi mnzake. Amuna ali ndi khungu lowala ndi zipsepse zamitundu mitundu. Kutalika kwa matupi awo otsetsereka kumatha kufika 7 cm. Amakula mpaka masentimita 5. Thupi limapangidwa modabwitsa ndipo limafanana ndi pike pang'ono, pamphumi pake amaphindika, pakamwa ndi kumtunda, maso ndi akulu, mawonekedwe a caudal amakhala opindika. Kupaka utoto ndi kosiyana - zimatengera momwe malo amakhalira. Mtundu wosiyanitsa bwino uli ndi Afiosemion Gardner.
Nsomba zimakhala m'gulu lotsogozedwa ndi motley ndi wamwamuna wamkulu. Amuna amakhala olimbirana wina ndi mnzake, koma khalani modekha mumtunda waukulu wamadzi, chifukwa chidwi chawo chimabalalika pamaso pa nsomba zambiri. Kutalika kwa moyo wa Afiosemion Gardner, Striatum ndi mitundu ina yambiri ya banja ili pafupifupi zaka 2-2,5.
Kukhazikika kwa nsomba kumeneku kumawuma mayiwe amchere kapena nkhalango zotentha za ku Central and Western Africa. Mu mitsinje ndi mitsinje yaying'ono mumakhala mitundu yowala - A. striatum. M'madambo mumakhala South, Striped Afiosemion. Awa ali mgulu la Killi Fish, lomwe limagwirizanitsa nthumwi za mabanja osiyanasiyana omwe amakhala m'midzi yaying'ono (mitsinje, kumbuyo kwa madzi).
Izi ndi nyama yolusa yomwe imatha kusaka masana. Akuluakulu amakonda kuchita izi okha mkati ndi kumtunda kwamadzi. Zosinthazo nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo nsomba zazing'ono, shrimp, cyclops, daphnia, mphutsi za tizilombo, ma mollusks.
Mr. Tail akutsimikizira: mitundu
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Afiosemions imalola aliyense wokonda zosowa kuti apeze chithunzi choyenera cha malo ake osambira. Kufotokozera kwa anthu wamba m'banjamo kumaperekedwa pagome.
Onani | Kufotokozera |
Gardneri / Fundulopanchax (Gardner) | Kutalika kwa thupi ndi masentimita 6-7. Mtundu wa masikelo ndi wobiriwira-wabuluu, kuwinduka kwa zipsepse zachikasu. Mtunduwu umakhala ndi timawonekedwe tofiyira. Zachikazi zopanda mawanga, zofiirira zasiliva. |
Australe (South) | Woyimira bwino kwambiri wa banja lake. Mwa amuna, masikelo ndi ofiira- kapena lalanje-lalanje mtundu ndi maonekedwe owala, ndipo mwa akazi - mtundu wakuda wonyezimira wokhala ndi malo owala angapo. Nsombazo zimakula mpaka 6-7 cm. |
Bitaeniatum (Njira ziwiri) | Mitundu imasiyanasiyana kubiriwira mpaka chikaso, komanso kuchokera kufiyira mpaka utoto. Thupi lakumwamba limakhala lamdima nthawi zonse kuposa lotsika. Chachikulu lalanje fin. Kutalika kwa nsomba ndi 5 cm. |
Coeleste (Blue) | Amachita mwachiwawa chilengedwe. Mtundu wamtambo wa buluu wamunthuyo umathandizidwa ndi mabulangeti ofiira owala. Kunyumba, muzikula mpaka masentimita 12. Akazi ndi ocheperako kuposa amuna. |
Striatum (Striatum) | Mtundu wosiyanasiyana wa nsomba umatsimikiziridwa ndi mawanga ofiira. Kwa mtundu wa milingo ya amuna - wamtundu wa buluu, ndi akazi - golide wokhala ndi bulauni. |
Margaretae (Margaret) | Oimira amtunduwu amakhala ndi thupi labulawuni yakuda, komanso thupi loyera kapena loyera. Amabala amafalikira mosiyanasiyana thupi lonse. Akazi ndi imvi ndi zipsepse zowonekera. Anthu amakula mpaka 4,5 cm. |
Sjoestedti Lonnenberg (Pheasant buluu) | Amuna ali ndi matupi ofiira ofiira okhala ndi mbali zobiriwira zobiriwira ndi madontho oyera ofiira. Thupi mpaka 12 cm kutalika limakongoletsedwa ndi mikwingwirima. |
Amieti (Amieta) | Monga Afiosemion Gardner, Amieta amakhala m'madziwe oyenda. Thupi limakhala ndi mtundu wobiriwira pamwamba komanso wachikasu (nthawi zina golide) pansipa. Mzere wofiyira wa timadontho ting'onoting'ono tambiri timayendetsa thupi. Munthu amakula mpaka 7 cm. |
Zoyambira Aquarium
Kuti zibwezeretse momwe zimakhalira, gawo lamdima lamchenga limayikidwa pansi ndikuthira, madzi ochepa kapena opanda chidwi amatsanuliridwa. Kusintha kwamadzimadzi kumachitika kamodzi pa masabata awiri, pamene kuchuluka kwotsalira kumachokera ku 100 l, ngati kuli kochepa, ndiye kuti kufupika kumachepetsedwa.
Zofunika pa madzi:
- kutentha - + 21 ... + 32 ° C,
- acidity - 5.5-7.0,
- kuuma - 5-10 dH.
Kupanga mthunzi ndikupanga malo okhala, mitengo yoyenda bwino, mizu yolumikizana, nthambi, mitengo yayikulu yolimira, kuphatikizapo yoyandama, imagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Matenda ndi Kuteteza
Kuvulala komanso kusungidwa kosayenera ndi zifukwa zazikulu zothandizira kuponderezedwa kwa chitetezo chokwanira komanso kugonjetsedwa kwa nsomba ndi matenda osiyanasiyana komanso mabakiteriya. Pazizindikiro zoyambirira, muyenera kuona ngati madziwo akupitilira zizindikiro zazikulu kapena kukhalapo kwa zinthu zoopsa zomwe zili ndi poizoni. Ngati zopatuka zapezeka, mubwezereni zonse pazabwino. Zitatha izi, ndikofunikira kuyamba chithandizo cha nsomba.