White Amur imakhala mumtsinje wa Amur ndi mitsinje yoyandikana nayo, komanso matupi amadzi kumadzulo kwa China. Nsomba ndi zina mwa banja la cyprinids amadzi oyera. Imasiyanitsidwa ndi mphamvu yake komanso kuchuluka kwake.
Nsomba zazikuluzikulu zimadya masamba ambiri omwe amakula m'matupi amadzi. Pakanthawi kochepa amatha kudya algae wambiri kuposa momwe amadzilemera. Motere, anthu nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito carp monga zotsukira ngalande.
Mu theka lachiwiri la zaka za zana la makumi awiri, adayambitsidwa m'madziwe a ma Europe a East Europe, omwe adadzaza ndi zigwa zambiri. Nsombazo zinazolowera malo atsopano. Ngakhale sizitha kumera pano chifukwa cha kutentha pang'ono. White udzu carp amakhala osamala osati osavuta kugwidwa pa mbedza. Kudyetsa kungathandize. Nsomba zimakhala bwino m'madziwe ang'onoang'ono ndipo zimatha kukula zazikulu.
Cupid kuwonekera
Anthu okhwima theka lamoyo, nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi zaka 8. Nthawi imeneyi, nsomba zimayamba kutuluka. Kuti muchite izi, kutentha kwa madzi sikuyenera kukhala kozizira kwambiri ndikufika osachepera madigiri 26, ndi malo omwewo pakungophukira komwe kumayenda kwakanthawi. Pokhapokha ngati njira zoteterera udzu wa carp sizoyenera, nsomba zimatha kusungira caviar, yomwe pambuyo pake imatha.
Amawoneka mwachangu poyamba kudya ma magazi a invertebrate ndipo kenako amasinthana ndi masamba. Asodzi achikulire amangodya zamasamba zokha, zomwe asodzi amagwiritsa ntchito, kulumikiza zidutswa za mwala kapena ngakhale nkhaka ku mbeza. muyenera kudziwa kuti Cupid ndiwosamala kwambiri komanso wamanyazi ndipo amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndikumveka, ndikuyandama kutali ndi gombe, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kugwira. Nthawi yoyenera kwambiri kusodza ndi kasupe ndi nthawi yophukira. M'nyengo yozizira, nsomba zimabisala mabowo pansi ndi sukulu. Nsomba zimakutidwa ndi ntchofu woteteza, zomwe zimaphimba thupi ndikuzilepheretsa kuzizira.
Grass carp - nsomba sizimapezeka, m'thupi lake mumakhala mafupa ochepa, chifukwa omwe nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza mbale zosiyanasiyana. Pofuna kubereketsa, nsomba zimayamba kugwira ndi mwachangu, kenako ndikuzibweretsa mu dziwe lotsekedwa, kudyetsa mwachangu chakudya chochuluka. M'mabwinja osamala ndikuwasamalira bwino, nsomba zimakhazikika mwachangu. Amur samadyetsedwa monga chakudya, komanso kuyeretsa malo osungirako mafakitale omwe amathandizira kuziziritsa kwamphamvu yamafuta.
Malo okhala nyama zam'mera
Malo okhala udzu wa carp nthawi zambiri amakhala m'madzi ndi mitsinje, makamaka m'malo omwe zonse zimasamalidwa bwino ndi zomera. Imapezekanso m'malo osungira omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwaluso.
Malo okhala oyambira amakhala beseni la Mtsinje wa Amur ndi Mtsinje wa Xijiang ku China. Nsomba zamtunduwu zimapezekanso m'mitsinje yayikulu yayikulu ku Russia - a Don, Volga, Yenisei ndi ena .. Kulima nsomba kumachitika ku Kazakhstan, Ukraine, USA.
Moyo wa Cupid
Khalidwe la udzu carp nthawi yamasana, monga ma cyprinids onse. Imayamba kudya m'mawa kwambiri ndipo imadutsa malo osankhidwa kale panjira zosankhidwa. Amakonda kuphika pamadzi ofunda osaya padzuwa. Zochita za nsomba zimadalira kwathunthu kutentha kwa madzi. Ngati madziwo ali otentha madigiri 10, ndiye kuti kapu yotsekedwayo imasiya kudyetsa, ndipo ngati matenthedwe atsikira pansi, imagweranso pansi. Kwa chisanu hibernates makamaka pansi mabowo pamodzi ndi molumikizana. Pakadali pano, thupi la nsomba limakutidwa ndi ntchofu yotentha.
Chakudya Cha Amour White
Cupid amadya chomera chokhacho, chimawamwa kuposa kulemera kwake patsiku. Chifukwa cha chilakolako ichi, kukula kwa nsomba kumafika mpaka 10 cm pachaka. Anthu okhwima amatha kudya mbewu zam'munda, monga udzu pakusefukira kwamadzi m'nthawi zamvula. Ngati angafune, makapu akuluakulu amatha kudumphira m'madzi, ndikung'amba masamba a mitengo atapachikika pamadzi.
Ndi kubzala kwa Cupid, zakudya zachilengedwe ziyenera kusungidwa kwa iye. Nsomba sizidyetsa bwino, ngakhale zimawadya bwino. Chifukwa chaichi, m'mafamu olima nsomba, mbewu zomwe zimamera pansi, mwachitsanzo, monga chimanga chosiyanasiyana, clover, alfalfa, zimawonjezeredwa ku chakudya cha carp. Izi ndizofunikira ngati m'mundamo mulibe nsomba zambiri. Udzuwo umadulidwa m'minda ndipo nsomba zimaponyedwa mu dziwe, ngati ng'ombe yamadzi.
Njira zogwirira udzu carp
Njira yabwino kwambiri yogwirira udzu kumachitika masika ndi nthawi yophukira, kutentha kwa madzi kukafika madigiri 14 kapena kuposerapo. Ngati dziwe ladzala ndi tchire, kulanda udzu wovuta sikungakhale kophweka. Ndikwabwino kuyamba kuwedza pomwe mbewu zambiri sizinakhalepo kale kapena ngati zikuyamba kale kufota.
Mu nthawi yamvula, nsomba zimayamba kudyetsa mwachangu ndipo nthawi zambiri zimawonekera m'malo omwe mphepo imawomba. Mu nyengo yotentha ya dzuwa, ndibwino kuyamba kuwedza m'mawa kapena madzulo, koma nsomba zazing'ono zimatha kugwira tsiku lonse.
Chachikulu ndikuti musaiwale kuti udzu wa carp ndi nsomba zochenjera kwambiri ndipo umamva phokoso lalikulu, pomwepo umangobwerera mu malo ozungulira. Chifukwa cha izi, ndizoyenera kwambiri kupha nsomba m chete komanso nyengo yotentha.
Asodzi odziwa ntchito asodzi akudziwa kuti mukasodza pa carp udzu, muyenera kuvala zovala zapamwamba nthawi zonse. Izi zitha kuphika kapena kuziwotcha chimanga, kapena chakudya chapadera ku malo ogulitsa asodzi.
Pafupifupi ndodo iliyonse yophera nsomba ndiyoyenera kuwedza, komabe tiyenera kukumbukira kuti carp udzu ndi wamkulu komanso wamoyo, ndichifukwa chake muyenera kukhala ndi zida zamphamvu kwambiri. Zokoleza zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuyambira nambala yachisanu ndi chimodzi, koma kuposa pamwambapa. Mzerewu uyenera kusankha kuyera kwambiri kuyambira 0.6mm.
Mukapeza nyambo, zindikirani kuti mbeyoyo singabowole chifukwa, mwina ikadzapezeka kuti nsomba ikuluma ndikusiya nyambo. Komanso nyambo ya udzu carp sayenera kukhala pansi, popeza udzu carp sukudya. Moyenera, ngati mbeyoyo idzakhala yosachepera 10 cm kuchokera pansi.
Kuti mugwire udzu wa carp udachita bwino kwambiri, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zidule zina. Nyambo imayenera kuponyedwera pang'ono kuchokera pamalo omwe nsomba imakhala ndikuyikirapo pang'ono. Kuluma kwa udzu carp kumakhala kwamphamvu kwambiri, chifukwa nsomba zimabwera zazikulu. Ikangoyandama pansi pamadzi, muyenera kuyamba kuyamwa nthawi yomweyo. Koma muyenera kuchita izi pang'onopang'ono, chifukwa ndikasuntha modzidzimutsa, chingwe cha usodzi chingaphulike kapena kuthyola ndodo. Mukakoka kumtunda, nsomba zimayamba kupereka mphamvu kukana ndikutsitsira kumabango. Izi ziyenera kupewedwa, apo ayi chingwe cha nsomba chitha kusokonezeka, ndipo nsomba imasiya mbedza. Mwakutero, ndikwabwino kugwiritsa ntchito ukonde nsomba zikafika pagombe.
Cupid Ziphuphu
Kodi udzu wowoloweka ndi chiyani? Nsomba, monga lamulo, zimagwirizana bwino ndi nyambo yabwino, popeza zimakhala ndi fungo lakuthwa bwino. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu yonse yosungirako masitolo ndi omwe adzipangira okha. Zosakaniza zodyetsa zimatha kugwiritsa ntchito chimanga, oatmeal, ma cookie osankhidwa, osokoneza bongo, mbewu zosiyanasiyana, bagasse, uchi, mkaka wokometsedwa.
Komanso, monga nyambo ya Cupid, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito:
- masamba ang'onoang'ono a kabichi, letesi, beets,
- nthambi za parsley, katsabola, sipinachi,
- zidutswa za nkhaka
- nandolo, barele, chimanga, mbatata, tirigu - zonse zophika,
- minyewa yamkaka, tsinde la bango, zam'madzi,
- masamba a alder, msondodzi, nyemba,
- crumb, mtanda,
- dzombe, udzu,
- nthaka kapena nyongolotsi,
- mphutsi, chimfine, magazi a chiwindi.
Nsomba zimapita ku boilies kuchokera ku semolina kapena grits ya soya ndi soya wosakanizika ndi nthanga zophwanyika za mpendadzuwa, mbewa, katsabola, ndi basil.
Zakudya za Cupid
Grass carp imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kuphika. Nsomba zimakhala ndi mafupa ochepa, kotero nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito mitundu ingapo.
Zakudya zochokera ku udzu carp zitha kuphikidwa kwathunthu kapena mu mawonekedwe a steaks. Mukamaphika nsomba, ndi bwino kukulunga zojambulazo, zomwe zingakuthandizeni kusunga msuzi, womwe pambuyo pake ungagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati chowonjezera pa msuzi kapena pogwirira ntchito mbale.
Mutha kupanga ma bichi apamwamba ndi nyama yomata kuchokera ku nyama yama nsomba. Ndibwinonso kusankha kuphika chodzaza udzu carp, womwe ndi wabwino pa chakudya chamadzulo. Kwa iwo omwe amatsatira chithunzichi, mutha kuphika filimu yoyera yophika mkate wophika pang'onopang'ono, yomwe ingakuthandizeninso kuti muchotse mafuta onse mu mbale, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yochepa komanso yothandiza kwambiri.
Chiwindi cha Amur ndi caviar chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zowonjezera pama saladi osiyanasiyana ndi mbale zam'mbali.
Kuphika zophika zoyera za cupid sikofunikira kuti munthu akhale wophika. Ndikokwanira kungokhala ndi ziwiya zonse zofunikira kukhitchini ndikulakalaka.
Nsombazo ndizokoma mwanjira iliyonse, koma mtundu wodziwika kwambiri wa kukonzekera kwake ndi kuphika. Pophika, choyambirira, muyenera kusankha nyama yayikulu, chifukwa ikakulitsa nsomba, mafupa ocheperako amakhala ndi ndipo ndiyosavuta kuyichotsa. Kenako muyenera kuyeretsa kuti mutulutse zamkati zonse, kuphatikizapo msana. Zonsezi zimayenera kutulutsidwa m'mimba kuti nsombazo zikhalebe zolimba. Kenako, timatsuka mtembo ndi madzi ndikuuyika papepala lophika ndi pamimba. Mafuta onse ndi mayonesi ndikuwonjezera zonunkhira kuti mulawe. Mutha kuyikanso masamba osweka pamwamba ndikuphika mu uvuni kwa theka la ola. Ndikofunika kuwonjezera nthawi yophika nsomba zazikulu. Muthanso kuphika nsomba mu zojambulazo, zomwe kale mumadzola mafuta ndi mandimu.
Live White Cupid
Cupid amatchedwa mosiyana. Mwa asodzi mumatha kumva mayina ambiri oseketsa, mwachitsanzo, ng'ombe yam'madzi, wobowola pansi pamadzi ndi carp yomwe imadya udzu. Mayina awa adapangidwa chifukwa chazifukwa. Ngati mukuganiza za izi, nthawi yomweyo zimadziwika kuti njira yamoyo ya nsomba ndi zokonda zake zimawonekera kwathunthu mwa iwo.
Cupid amadya zitsamba zam'madzi ndi zam'madzi. Chifukwa chake nyama yake ndi yokoma kwambiri komanso wathanzi. Amur samapezeka m'madziwe opanga okha; m'chilengedwe, munthu amatha kukumana ndi munthu wa banja la cyprinids. Nthawi zina, udzu wowotchera udzu amawuma m'madziwe ndi cholinga china. Amadziwika kuti ndi woyang'anira posungira ndipo amadya masamba ochulukirachulukira, potero amachotsa dziwe pambiri. Carp yoyera yoyera yokhomera dziwe lako ikhoza kupezeka patsamba - Live white udzu carp ndi mitengo.
Nsomba - udzu carp
Amur amadziwika kuti ndi nsomba yamalonda yokhala ndi nyama yamtengo wapatali komanso yosangalatsa. Munthuyo ndi wosazindikira ndipo amasintha nthawi yomweyo. Sichifuna chisamaliro chapadera komanso kupatula zakudya, chinthu chachikulu ndichakuti padziwe pazikhala zambiri. Mukapanda kudyetsa nsomba, ndiye kuti imangodya zamtchire ndipo izi sizingakhudze kukula kwake.
Masiku ano, mtunduwu umadziwika kuti ndi wotchuka kwambiri pakati pa iwo omwe amabereka nsomba m'madziwe achinsinsi. Cupid imakula mwachangu ndipo imatha kuyeretsa posungira mbewu zingapo zosiyanasiyana. Ngati pali dziwe lambiri m'dziwe, mutha kungoponya udzu pamwamba. Tsiku, munthu wamkulu amatha kudya ma kilogalamu atatu a udzu kapena algae.
Far East, womwe ndi Mtsinje wa Amur, amadziwika kuti ndiwo malo obadwira udzu. Asayansi amati udzu wama carp udali nyama yolusa, koma polimbana ndi chakudya ndi nyama zina zodyedwa nthawi zambiri amadwala chifukwa chosowa chakudya komanso amasinthiratu mbewu. M'derali munalibe opikisana nawo, ndipo nsomba zinkangodya zonse.
Nsomba zimapeza chilankhulo wamba ndi anthu ena okhala pachimbudzi ndipo amakhala nawo mwamtendere. Nthawi zambiri, udzu wa carp umasokonezedwa ndi udzu wakuda kapena wachiwisi carp. Ku Russia, mtunduwu watsala pang'ono kutha ndipo walembedwa mu Red Book. Ku China, amaweta m'madziwe owoneka.
Kupeza udzu wa carp ndikosavuta kwambiri. Kuchokera ku mitundu ina, imasiyana pakapangidwe ka thupi. Imakhala yotalikirana pang'ono komanso yosanja mbali zake. Mamba ake ndi akulu ndipo chilichonse chimapangidwa ndi mtanda wamdima.
Zipsepalazo ndizifupi koma zazitali. Zipse ziwiri (zokhala ndi kumbuyo ndi pafupi ndi mchira) zimapakidwa utoto wakuda, zina zonse ndizopaka utoto wowala. Chachikulu kwambiri ndi kuchira kwa mchira.
Nyama yoyera ya Amur ndi yokoma komanso yopatsa thanzi, mafuta komanso kunenepa. Kuphatikiza pa nyama, nsomba zimakhala ndi chiwindi chamafuta kwambiri. Ngati mumayerekezera udzu wa carp ndi wakuda, ndiye kuti nyama yachiwiri imakhala yolakwika pang'ono, komanso komanso yokoma ndipo imawerengedwa kuti ndi yabwino. Nsomba ndizodziwika kwambiri pakati pa asodzi ndipo chaka chilichonse amakhala ndi okonda ochulukirapo omwe sagula nyama ya nsomba iyi m'sitolo, koma azigwira okha. Koma, ku Russia ndizosatheka kugwira kapu yakuda, koma yoyera imapezeka kwa aliyense.
Kufotokozera kwa udzu carp
Kuzindikira udzu carp ndikosavuta kwambiri. Amasiyana ndi mitundu ina ya ma cyprinid pamaonekedwe ake achilendo:
- Thupi lalitali lokhala ndi mbali zopanikizika pang'ono,
- Mutu waching'ono ndi mphumi utakhazikika mkati,
- Milomo yayikulu komanso yanyama
- Zikopa zazikuluzikulu zili pafupi ndi matayala,
- M zipsepse zamkati mwa utoto ndizovala mikwapulo zomwe sizingathe kunyalanyazidwa,
- Kumbuyo kwa munthu ndi penti utoto. Koma mutha kukumana ndi anthu ena omwe amawoneka ngati mthunzi wa azitona wakuda,
- Pali malingaliro a golide m'maso mwanga
- Mimba yake ndi yopepuka, yoyera pafupifupi,
- Mbali zake ndi za siliva zopaka utoto wachikasu,
- Masikelo ndi akulu ndipo ndi oyenera kulumikizana limodzi
- Ndalama yakumbuyo ndiyifupi.
Carp ya Grass imatha kukula mpaka masentimita 150 ndikupeza kulemera mpaka 50 kilogalamu. Koma, anthu oterewa ndi osowa. Kwenikweni, amakula mpaka ma kilogalamu 7-8.
Momwe ma dziwe amakula bwino
Kuchokera pakupenyerera kwathu, m'dera lathu "msipu wapakati" wa carp udzu ukukula msanga, koma m'madzi oyenda okha, makamaka pamikhalidwe imeneyi, nsomba zamalonda zilizonse zimakula bwino.
Mwachitsanzo Ndimakula pulu dziwe langa ndipo amawonjezera makilogalamu oposa 1 pachaka
Kuzama kwa nkhokwe sikukhudza kukula kwa nsomba. imakula mwakuya konse ndi mita imodzi.
Kuyambira 300-500 magalamu, Cupid imakula mpaka ma kilogalamu 2-3 a "monster" woyera
Akulu, opitilira mahekitala 40 a "kuyimirira" ndipo ali ndi malo okwanira forage, "amayi musadandaule" amakulanso
M'masamba ang'onoang'ono, mwachitsanzo, ma 1 1 omwe ali ndi madzi osunthika ali kale kwambiri, oyipa kwambiri, ndipo ngati pali "olimbana" nawo ambiri pamenepo, "akhoza" kuyimirira "mukukula kwazaka zambiri.
Tekonomi ndi Etymology
Cupid adafotokozedwa koyamba mu 1844 ndi katswiri wazowona za chilengedwe wa ku France, Ashthy Valenciennes (fr. Achille Valenciennes (1794-1865) mu buku la 17 "Mbiriyakale yaulendowu»Pansi pa latin binomen Leuciscus idella. Mu 1866, Franz Steindahner, wazachipatala wa ku Austria adazindikira mtundu wina Ctenopharyngodonmomwe malingaliro awa adayikidwira.
Dzinalo Lachilatini limachokera ku Chigriki. ΧΧέέα - - - Greek, Greek. Φάρυγγα - pharynx ndi Greek. ẟόẟότιιi dzino, lomwe limawonetsa kukhalapo kwa mano achipharyngeal omwe adapangidwa ngati mawonekedwe a chisa. Dzinalo dzina, mwachiwonekere, limachokera ku mawu achi Greek - mawonekedwe, apadera.
Kuswana
Kwa nthawi yoyamba kucha ngati wazaka chimodzi mpaka 11, kutengera dera. Kumpoto kwa madera kumakhwima kwambiri kuposa malo otentha. Amuna nthawi zambiri amakhala okhwima chaka chimodzi kuposa akazi. Mu beseni la Amur, akazi amakhala okhwima pogonana ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 68-75 ndi misa 6-7 makilogalamu pazaka 9-10. Kummwera kwa China, kusasitsa kumawonedwa pazaka za 3-5 ndi kulemera kwa thupi la 4-6 kg. Kucha koyambirira kumawonedwa ku India ndi Cuba.
Munthawi yowerengera, Cupid yoyera imawonetsera ma dimorphism ogonana. Mwa amuna, zotchedwa ngale zotumphukira zimawonekera ngati ma tubercles kuchokera ku keratinized epithelium pa dorsal ndi zipsepse zamakina. Nthawi zina pamakhala ma tubercle pamtunda wapamwamba wa caudal fin. Mwa akazi, ma tubercles ofanana nthawi zina amawonekeranso kwakanthawi kochepa, koma amawonetsedwa mofooka. Anus amatupa ndikutembenukira pinki.
M'mitsinje ya China, zipatso zam'madzi komanso nthawi ya chilimwe kuyambira Epulo mpaka Ogasiti ndizitali kumapeto kwa Meyi Juni pa kutentha kwa 17-27 ° С (nthawi zambiri ku 20-25 ° С). Ku Amur, kufalikira kumawonedwa mu June - Julayi.Amamera kumtunda wa makilomita 100 ndi kupitilira pamadzi osefukira. Caviar wokhala ndi mulifupi mwake wa 2-2,5 mm amasesedwa mu mzere wamadzi nthawi yamadzulo ndi m'mawa nthawi yomwe akukwera madzi ambiri. Chifukwa cha hydration, malo a perivitelline amakula, ndipo m'mimba mwake mazira amakula mpaka 5-6 mm. Kubereka kumadalira msinkhu komanso kukula kwa akazi ndipo kumasiyana mazira 237 miliyoni mwa akazi azaka 7 ndi 67,5 masentimita kutalika mpaka mazira 1687 masauzande mwa anthu azaka za 15 cm 96. Mazira amalemera kuposa madzi, theka-pelagic. M'mitsinje yotsika pang'onopang'ono imira pansi. M'madzi othamanga kwambiri, mazira amatsitsidwa. Kutalika kwa embryonic kumatengera kutentha kwa madzi ndipo pa 22-26 ° C ndi masiku 1.5-2. Patatha masiku 8 kuwaswa, mbulu wamphaka wamira kwathunthu, ndipo mphutsi zimasinthira ku zakudya zakunja.
Kufalitsa
Kukhazikika kwa chilengedwe cha udzu wamoto ndi East Asia. Kugawidwa pakati komanso kumunsi kwa Mtsinje wa Amur, m'mitsinje ya China komanso kumpoto kwa Vietnam. Malo ofunikira kwambiri ali ku Ussuri, Sungari, Nyanja Khanka, ndi mitsinje yaku China. Pa Volga (madera otsika), pa Don (pakati komanso m'munsi), Dnieper-Bug estuary.
Kuyanjana kwa anthu
Masoka a carp omwe ali m'malo osungira zachilengedwe ndi ochepa kwambiri ndipo amafikira matani 16,000 okha mu 2000. Nthawi yomweyo, zopezeka ku Russian Federation sizinadutse matani 100. Kusodza kumachitika ndi ma seines a m'mphepete mwa nyanja, maukonde osalala komanso okhazikika.
Komabe, udzu wa carp umakhala malo otsogola kwambiri pamadzi amchere am'madzi. Kuyambira kale, carp inali yowetedwa ku China. M'zaka za zana la 7, ufumu wa Tang unayamba kugwira ntchito (618-904 gg. E.). Dzinalo la mfumuyo pomveka likugwirizana ndi katchulidwe ka Chitchaina kandende. Ndipo mfumu idaletsa kuswana ndi kugulitsa carp mdziko lonse. Alimi aku China adayenera kuyang'ana m'malo mwa carp. Carp yoyera ndi yakuda bii, yoyera ndi yamtundu wankhala yosankhidwa, chifukwa m'matauni a Yangtze ndi Pearl River a nsomba zamtunduwu ndi omwe anali mtengo wotsika mtengo kwambiri wobzala. Kukula kwakanthawi kunali kocheperako chifukwa chodalira kugwidwa kwa ana kuchokera kumalo achilengedwe. M'zaka za zana la 20 zokha pomwe biotechnology idapangidwa kuti izisungidwa kwa ana ndi mbadwo wa ana machitidwe ochita kupanga. Amur adayambitsidwa m'maiko a Asia, Europe, Africa, Kumpoto ndi South America kuti alimi azisomba nsomba ndikuwongolera kuchuluka kwa matupi amadzi. Kuyambira m'ma 1950, kukulira msanga kwa malonda olimidwa kwa udzu carp kwayamba. Mu 1950, kupanga ma carp udzu padziko lapansi adangokhala matani 10 miliyoni, pofika 1972 adafika matani 100,000, ndipo pofika 1990 idadutsa matani 1 miliyoni. Mu 2016, matani opitilira 6 miliyoni adalimidwa. Grass carp yakhala malo otsogolera pantchito zam'madzi zatsopano. Mtsogoleri pa malonda olima udzu carp ndi China.
Chaka | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 |
Kupanga nyama zam'madzi, matani chikwi | 3798 | 4184 | 4362 | 4660 | 5018 | 5228 | 5539 | 5839 | 6068 |
Mu 1960s, udzu carp adatchuka ku Europe ku USSR. Pakadali pano, ndichofunika kulima nsomba ku Ukraine, Russia, USA, Kazakhstan (Ili River, Lake Balkhash) ndi maiko ambiri aku Europe.
Kulera udzu wa carp ndi carp kumathandiza kuti ulimi wa nsomba ukhale wabwino, chifukwa sachita nawo mpikisano.
Chiyambidwe cha mafotokozedwe ndi mafotokozedwe
Chithunzi: Cupid
Amur (Ctenopharyngon idella) ndi wa banja la Karpov, dongosolo la Karpovoobraznye, gulu la Bone nsomba. Mtunduwu umachokera ku East Asia, komwe amagawa kwambiri ngakhale tsopano, kuyambira ku Mtsinje wa Amur mpaka kumalire a China.
Maonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe ake
Chithunzi: White udzu carp
Grass carp ndi nsomba yayikulu bwino, yotalika pafupifupi 1,2 m ndipo yolemera mpaka 40 kg. Thupi limakhala ndi chotupa, chotupa; Mutu ndi wocheperapo, pakamwa ndi kowongoka, kumbuyo kwa pakamwa sikufalikira kupitirira kutsogolo kwa maso pamzere wokhotakhota. Maso ake ndi otambalala.
Mano ndi apadera - pharyngeal, opangidwa m'mizere iwiri, oponderezedwa pambuyo pake, m'mphepete mwa mano ndiwowoneka bwino, titha kufananizidwa ndi macheka, omwe ali ndi malo osasanjika pakati. Mamba ake ndi akulu, omata, okhala ndi mzere wamdima womwe umapezeka m'mphepete mwa sikelo iliyonse. Pamimba, milingo ndiyopepuka, yopanda chingwe. Msana ndi m'mimba pakati pa zipsepazo ndizokulungidwa.
- Dorsal fin ili ndi mawonekedwe ena ozungulira, imayamba pang'ono kutsogolo kwa zipsepere zam'mimba, mawonekedwe ndiwotalika koma osatalikirapo, ali ndi mikondo 7 yoyimira nthambi ndi 3 yosakhala nthambi,
- zipsepse zamkati sizifikira patali,
- anal fin ali ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira pang'ono, ang'onoang'ono, ali ndi ma korona 8 komanso 3 opanda nthambi,
- caudal fin wamkulu, wapakati pakati.
Zipsepse zonse ndizopepuka kupatula kwa caudal ndi dorsal. Kumbuyo kwa udzu wa carp kumakhala ndi mtundu wobiriwira wokhala ndi mtundu wotuwa, mbali zake ndizowoneka zagolide, zokhala ndi masikelo 40- 47 omwe ali mmbali mwa mzere wotsatira. Pamwamba pa mapiri pali chivundikiro cha gill, chomwe chimagawika mozungulira. Maphala okhala ndi sparse komanso aafupi stamens. Maso ali ndi iris wagolide. White Amur Ili ndi masitepe a 42-46 ndi peritoneum yakuda.
Malo okhala Cupid
Carass ya grass ndi yopanda tanthauzo ndipo imatha kukhala mumikhalidwe iliyonse. Masiku ano, mitundu ya ma cyprinid imatha kupezeka ku East East kokha, komanso m'malo ambiri okhala ndi Russia, makamaka ku gawo la ku Europe. Amakhala osati m'madziwe ndi m'madziwe oyimbira. Imaswankhira m'mitsinje Don, Volga, Ural ndi Kuban.
Cupid saopa kusintha kwa kutentha ndipo ndikwabwinobwino kwa mpweya wabwino wabwinobwino. Amamva bwino ngakhale m'madzi ozizira ndipo amatha kubereka. Koma, ndikofunikira kumuyika munthu m'madziwe ofunda, pomwe nthawi yotentha madzi amawotcha mpaka 30-30 digiri. M'mikhalidwe yotere, nsomba zimakula mwachangu ndipo zimatha kuchulukana.
Cupid imayamba kugwira ntchito nthawi yotentha. Ngati nthawi yozizira nsomba sizikula, nthawi yotentha imatha kukula kwambiri. Ndipo ngati munthuyo adyetsedwa bwino ndipo zofunikira zonse zimapangidwa, ndiye kuti ayamba kubereka ana ngakhale m'madziwe okumba.
Nyama yamtundu umodzi imangodya masamba. Alibe chidwi ndi udzu wamtundu wanji womwe amudya. Ngakhale zobzala zamtunda zitaponyedwa padziwe, iye azidya mosangalala.
Zimakhala m'malo omwe mumakhala zambiri zakutchire. Achichepere sangadye algae zokha. Amatha kudya nsabwe za magazi ndi ma crustaceans ang'onoang'ono, ma bollus. Koma chifukwa cha ukalamba amakana chakudya chamagulu ndipo amakhala nyama wamba.
Cupid ndi namwino wa dziwe. Sikuti imangotsuka dziwe kuti izimere kwambiri, komanso kupewa udzudzu kuti usachulukane. Chifukwa chake, pafupi ndi dziwe komwe ma carp amapezeka, mulibe.
Tsiku limatha kudya zitsamba monga momwe limalemera. M'nyengo yotentha, zakudya zake zimatha kuchuluka chifukwa nsomba zikukula. Kutentha kukangotha ndi chisanu choyamba chikalowamo, khunguyo la udzu limaleka kudya ndikumabisala.
Mutha kuweta carp udzu ndi oimilira ena a cyprinids. Ndi olusa, azimva kukhala momasuka. Komanso ndi nsomba zina zazikulu sangakhale womasuka. Mutha kuwonjezera tinsomba tating'ono, komwe sikukula.
Zomwe zimadya
Cupid pansi oyenera kudya tsiku lililonse kuposa momwe amayeza. Mwachitsanzo, amalemera makilogalamu awiri ndipo amadya zoposa 2 kg za zakudya zosiyanasiyana padziwe.
Carp ya grass ndi yopanda pake, koma imadya pazomera zochulukirapo ndipo zazikuluzanso ndi nsomba, chakudya chambiri chimafunikira, osati masamba okha, komanso mapuloteni.
Masamba amatchedwa chakudya chachikulu, chifukwa Cupid amatchedwanso "nsomba zam'madzi" kapena amatchedwa "nkhumba yamadzi"
Pakukula bwino kwa Cupid, chakudya chama protein ambiri, chomwe chili mgulu la madzi komanso pansi pa malo osungirako, chimafunikanso. Popanda icho, chidzakula "cholimba" kwambiri.
Zakudya zosiyanasiyana pamisinkhu yosiyanasiyana
Mwachitsanzo, ali mwana mpaka magalamu 500 Imadyera pamaluwa osakhwima ndi kukongola pa algae, miyala, mabatani komanso pansi.
Amadyanso zokhala ndi zokongoletsera zamtchire, zomwe potentha zimawononga chithunzi cha nkhokweyo, Madzi akayamba kuphuka. Ndipo zowona ndi ma amphipod osiyanasiyana amoyo, ma nyongolotsi amwazi, ndi zina zambiri.
More okhwima kuposa 500 magalamu sichimangodya chakudya chokha, komanso chimayamba kutchetcha madzi pang'onopang'ono, mabango ndi kudya nsomba zazing'ono.
Chifukwa chake Cupid Sakula
Mkhalidwe womangidwa, kudyetsa kumatenga gawo lofunikira.
Ngati nkhokweyi ndiying'ono, ndikudontha ndikusowa kwa chakudya komanso madzi ozizira opanda bwino, ndiye kuti nsomba zomwe "zimadzuka" zikukula.
Ndipo zoyerekezera zina, nthawi zambiri pamlingo wina uliwonse, sizingakule chifukwa cha kusokonezeka kwa majini m'thupi, kwenikweni, monga mtundu wina uliwonse wa nsomba zokhala ndi majini obwera mukukula.
Ndikukhulupirira kuti nkhaniyi inali yothandiza, koma chavuta ndichani!
NDIpenyani zolemba zambiri ndi makanema
Axamwali! Ndemanga zanu ndi zomwe mumakonda ndizatsopano.
Mawonekedwe a machitidwe ndi moyo wawo
Chithunzi: White udzu carp
Belamur m'malo ake achilengedwe amasamukira kutengera kutalika kwa nyengo. Mukakhala kotentha, imakhala mumawonekedwe a mitsinje, komanso nyengo yozizira komanso nthawi yachisanu imakhala mumsewu wamtsinje, pomwe imatha kusonkhana m'masukulu mu maenje a mtsinje.
Grass carp ndi stenophage, ndiye kuti, imagwiritsa ntchito chakudya chopapatiza - ndizambiri zam'madzi, ndipo imagwiritsanso ntchito mbewu za pamtunda zomwe zili m'mphepete mwa mitsinje ndi madamu. Kuti tipeze chomera, timagwiritsa ntchito nsagwada, ndipo mothandizidwa ndi mano a pharyngeal, ulusi wazomera umasokonekera. Kukula kwakanthawi kochepera 3 cm kumatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kudyetsa ochepa crustaceans, crustaceans ndi ma rotivers.
Kukhwima m'malo osiyanasiyana kumachitika nthawi zosiyanasiyana. Chifukwa chake, chilengedwe chake - chigwa cha Amur River, kukhwima kumachitika pofika zaka 10. M'mitsinje yaku China pang'ono kale, mpaka zaka 8-9.
Chidwi chochititsa chidwi: Oimira mitundu ya mitsinje ya Cuba amafika msanga kwambiri, ali ndi zaka 1-2.
Caviar imatengedwa yogawa, kuwaza kumatambasulidwa nthawi yayitali:
- m'mitsinje yaku China kuyambira Epulo mpaka Ogasiti,
- m'mphepete mwa Amur mu Juni ndi Julayi. Onaninso kupangika nthawi imodzi.
Pelagic caviar, ndiye kuti, ili pamalo oyandama m'madzi. Pakatha masiku atatu mazira atamera, mphutsi zimatuluka, ndikofunikira kuti kutentha kwa madzi kusakhale kotsika kuposa 20 ° C. Posachedwa mwachangu amachoka kugombe, komwe amakhala ndi zonse zofunika, kuphatikizapo chakudya - tizilombo, mphutsi, crustaceans yaying'ono, algae. Pambuyo pakukula kwa thupi la 3 cm, limasinthira ku zakudya ndi masamba.
Belamur sachita manyazi, koma osamala kwambiri. Amakhala ndi malo obisalira, pansi pa dzenje la mtsinje kapena nthambi. Njira zomwe nsomba zimasambira ndizofanana. Mu nthawi yamdima amakonda kusambira kumtunda kokutentha kwa posungira.
Kapangidwe ka anthu ndi kubereka
Anthu akuluakulu amtunduwu amatha kusonkhana pagulu, izi zimadziwika kwambiri nthawi yachisanu, yomwe nsomba zimagwiritsa ntchito m'maenje pansi pa mtsinje.
Chowoneka Chosangalatsa: Tizilombo tosiyanasiyana tachikopa munyengo yachisanu yozizira imatulutsa chinsinsi, chomwe chimakhala choyera, chomwe chimatha kuyandama m'madzi, ndikupereka malo omwe nsomba zimapezeka.
Atafika pa kutha msinkhu, (pafupifupi zaka 7) nthawi yachilimwe, Amur amayamba kuphuka. Iyenera kukhala madzi osaya, pansi yolimba, maziko ake ndi mwala, kapena dongo. Chofunikira ndicho kukhalapo kwa madzi okwanira tsopano ndi kutentha kwa 25 25 C.
Yaikaziyo, pafupifupi, imakhira mazira pafupifupi 3,500 akuyandama m'madzi ofunda pamwamba, omwe kenako amafalikira ndi madzi. Pambuyo masiku atatu, mphutsi zimawonekera kuchokera ku mazira.
Pakupita sabata limodzi, mphutsi, zitadziikhomera pazomera zam'madzi zokhala m'malo osungira, zimakula. Malek, pokhala pagombe, amadya zooplankton ndi benthos. Atafika pakukula kwa masentimita atatu, Malek amasinthana ndi zakudya zamasamba.
Chowoneka Chosangalatsa: M'mikhalidwe yovuta - kusowa kwa chakudya, kuyenda kwamphamvu, kusinthasintha kwa kutentha, kusiya kwa kubereka ndi kuwononga mazira, omwe amatchedwa kuti resorption.
Adani Achilengedwe Achilengedwe a White Cupids
Chithunzi: Cupid
White Cupid wamkulu ali ndi kukula kochititsa chidwi, chifukwa chomwe alibe adani achilengedwe m'mitsinje yamadzi oyera. Koma kwa achinyamata, omwe akukula, pali zoopsa zambiri, zomwe:
- nyengo yovuta, kusinthasintha kwa kutentha, kusintha kwa kayendedwe, chilala, kusefukira kwamadzi,
- tizilombo, anyani, nyama zina zomwe zimatha kudya caviar. Poganizira kuti mazira ambiri sanafalikire, izi zitha kuwopseza kuchuluka kwa anthu,
- nsomba zazing'onoting'ono ndi zazing'ono, nsomba zam'madzi ndizowopsa, kuphatikiza ma pike ndi catfish, pokhapokha tikulankhula zosungira zotseguka,
- mbalame zomwe zimakhala pafupi ndi matupi amadzi, komanso mafoni am'madzi, zimatha kudyera oyimilira aang'ono ndi azaka zapakati, zomwe zimakhudzanso zoipa kuchuluka kwa anthu,
- munthu, ndi malingaliro ake osasamala komanso nthawi zina adyera kusodza.
Popeza Amur ndi nsomba yokoma kwambiri komanso yathanzi, asodzi aliyense amafuna kuigwira. Mavuto azachilengedwe, mwatsoka, ali ponseponse. Madzi amaipitsidwa ndi zinyalala komanso amachoka mu kupanga mankhwala, kuwonjezera phindu la chakudya zomwe zimawonjezera kukula ndi mahomoni omwe amasintha biocenosis yonse yazinthu zachilengedwe.
Chiwerengero cha anthu ndi mitundu
Chithunzi: Cupid m'madzi
Belamur ndi nsomba yamtengo wapatali pamalonda, komanso mapulani oyeretsa. Chiwerengero cha anthu m'chilengedwe chake (Zigwa za Amur) chinali chochepa kwambiri. Mkhalidwe wosiyana womwe umadziwika pambuyo panjira zowukira ndi kuwonjezereka m'matupi osiyanasiyana amadzi padziko lapansi. Pokhala wogulitsa mosasamala wa chakudya chomera, Belamur imakula mwachangu, kuwonjezera apo, siwopikisana nawo pazakudya zamtundu wina wa nsomba.
Cholepheretsa chokha pakukula kwachangu kwa anthu osamukira kudziko lina ndiko kusowa kwa malo oyenera kuti zibalalike. Apa ayambanso kubweretsa mwachangu kuchokera kumalo awo achilengedwe ndi malo ena owoneka ndi malo atsopano. Chifukwa chake, pakadali pano, msambizi wa udzu wambiriyu amatenga gawo lalikulu la nsomba zambiri.
Monga chakudya, Cupid amayamikiridwa kwambiri. Kuphatikiza pa kukoma kwake kwabwino, nyama yake ilinso ndi zinthu zopindulitsa.
M'mafishi, ndi amodzi mwa mitundu yomwe amakonda, palimodzi ndi carp, pomwe palibe mpikisano muzogulitsa. Kutengera kuti nsombayi ndi yosasamala, yodziwika ndi kukula msanga, zimathandizira kuyeretsa kuchuluka kwa matupi amadzi, pokhala ameliorator wachilengedwe, mumakonda kuswana.
White amur woimira wodabwitsa wa Karpovs. Nsomba wokongola, wokhala ndi mawonekedwe osangalatsa. Osalemekeza pamikhalidwe yomwe ilipo. Ili ndi machitidwe ambiri othandiza, omwe gawo lofunikira limaseweredwa ndikuyeretsa matupi amadzi, komanso kukoma kwabwino komanso zakudya zopatsa thanzi. Kuphatikiza ndi matupi amadzi a mayiko osiyanasiyana. Zomera zogwiritsidwa ntchito pazogulitsa.
Kodi ma carp a udzu amawoneka bwanji?
Mtunduwu umadziwika mosavuta ndi mawonekedwe ake osayimira oyimira banja la carp:
- thupi lokwera mozungulira (silinda) yokhala ndi mbali zopanikizika pang'ono,
- mutu waching'ono wokhala ndi mphumi wonyezimira,
- pakamwa pofikira milomo yanyama
- zipsepse za mchenga zokhala pafupi ndi m'mphepete mwenimweni mwa zokutirazo, zokongoletsedwa ndi mikwingwirima yama radial,
- Chozungulira
- maso ali ndi iris wagolide
- pamimba
- silvery kapena chikasu mbali zopyinjika komanso zolimba kwambiri za cycloid, zomwe zimadziwika ndi mbali zosalala (40- 47 pamzere).
Kuphatikiza apo, nsombayi ili ndi fasho lalifupi kwambiri lakubisala ndi ma ray a 8-10, otsika kwambiri mpaka ma anal kukula (11). Carp yayikulu kwambiri imamera mpaka masentimita 120 ndipo imalemera makilogalamu 40, koma achinyamata (azaka 3-5) a 2-6 kg ambiri pamakamba wamba.
Makhalidwe & Zochita
Wobadwa ku Amur adalowetsedwa bwino m'matupi amadzi a ku Europe kwa Russia. Makamaka ambiri mumitsinje ya Don, Urals, Kuban, Volga. Mitunduyi imakhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kulolera kutentha ndi kudziletsa pankhani ya boma la okosijeni. Chifukwa cha kukumbukira kwakale, imamva bwino m'madzi ozizira kuyambira 0 mpaka +5 C, koma imakonda madziwe ofunda (maiwe, malo osungira madzi, nyanja, mitsinje yothirira) ndi kutentha kwa chilimwe kwa + 25-30 C ndi pamwamba, popeza nyengo zotere ndizabwino kwambiri kuti chitukuko chikugwira. zam'madzi zam'madzi.
Zizolowezi za Cupid
Ntchito zopatsa thanzi zimapitilira kuyambira Epulo mpaka pakati pa Okutobala. Ndikudontha kwa nyundo kutentha kwa madzi mpaka + 8-9 C, nsomba imasiya kudya ndikukonzekera nyengo yozizira, ndikusankha maenje okuya kwambiri pansi pa posungira. M'nyengo yotentha, imadzaza pakati pa anthu ambiri ndipo imakhala nthawi yayitali pakati pa m'nkhalangozi komanso m'minda yokhala ndi masamba ochepa, algae oyipa, komanso duckweed. Carp ya udzu imatha kudya chilichonse chosungira, ngati pali chakudya chake.
Nsomba si yamanyazi, koma mosamala mokwanira. Pakakhala phokoso lokayikitsa, nthawi yomweyo limadutsa gawo lina losungirako ndipo kwa nthawi yayitali amanyalanyaza malo omwe sanakonde.
Carp mtengo mwachilengedwe
Wamunthuyo ndi wa nsomba zodziwika bwino za banja la cyprinid. Mtunduwu umakula mwachangu kwambiri, kufikira zazikulu zazikulu. Nsomba imawerengedwa kuti ndi yofunika kwambiri pakusodza, imakondedwa chifukwa cha kukoma kwake kwapadera komanso kupindulitsa kwakukulu. Wokhalamo mtsinjewo ndiye maziko a maphikidwe ambiri azakudya zozizira ndi zotentha, saladi ndi zokhwasula-khwasula.
M'malo osungira zachilengedwe, nsomba izi zimawonedwa kuti ndi zotsukira. Imakhala makamaka m'mitsinje ya Russia, m'madziwe aku East Asia, ku Amur ndi mitsinje ina ya China. Mitunduyi idalowetsedwa ku gawo la USSR ndi cholinga chopititsa patsogolo mtunduwo ngati zingachitike bwino. Poyamba, asayansi adafuwula, chifukwa nsomba zimadya udzu wambiri patsiku - zochuluka kuposa momwe zimalemera. M'midzi ina ya m'mphepete mwa nyanja, anthu amaponya udzu m'madzi, kudyetsa anthu okhala mumtsinje.
Chinali chakudya chomera chomwe chinalimbikitsa chidwi cha ochirikiza chitetezo cha chilengedwe ndi mphamvu, omwe samadziwa chochita ndimadziwe ozizirira opepuka ozungulira kumaofesi akuluakulu.
Mu kanemayi muphunziranso zomwe zimapangitsa nsomba kukhala zowononga:
Zomera zina, zomwe sizingachotsedwe ndi njira iliyonse (mwachitsanzo, Elodea), zidawonongeka bwino ndikuchepetsedwa kwakukulu chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa udzu.
Khalidwe
White udzu carp kudya mwachangu ndipo amapeza kulemera kuyambira kasupe mpaka m'ma yophukira. Kutentha kukangotsika mpaka +10, nsomba zimayamba kukonzekera kubisala. Amasankha malo pansi ndikuletsa kudya.
M'nyengo yotentha, nsomba zimasonkhana m'masukulu ndipo zimakonda kukhala m'matumba. Kwa nsomba zilibe kanthu komwe kuli chakudya. Amatha kudya zonse ziwiri m'malo osungira, komanso pansi.
Grass carp sachita manyazi, koma nthawi zonse amayang'ana kwambiri pokhapokha pokhapokha chakudya. Ngati nsomba imva phokoso, imachoka pomwepo. Zimatha kutenga nthawi yayitali kuti mufufuze malo abwino oimika magalimoto ndikuzolowera nyumba yatsopano Ngati sakonda zikhalidwezo, amakhala waulesi kwambiri ndipo amanyalanyaza kudyetsa.
Kufotokozera kwachilengedwe
Kwa ambiri, ndizosafunikira kwenikweni ngati ndi oyera kapena ayi Zolakwika zotere zimasefukira bwino. Woimira cyprinidsyu ali ndi thupi lamunthu kwambirichofanana ndi silinda. Nsombayo imakutidwa ndi miyeso yoyenda mozungulira. Kukula kwa wamkulu kwambiri yemwe adakwanitsa kukula mu nazale anali 120 cm ndi kulemera kwa 30 kg.
Nyamayo ndi mafuta kwambiri, yopatsa thanzi motero tili ndi phindu lathanzi la munthu. Ndiwotchuka pakuphika, mosavuta panjira iliyonse yophika:
Nsomba izi zimatha kukonzedwa mosiyanasiyana zosiyanasiyana.
Chofunika kwambiri mu Cupid ndi chiwindi. Amayesa kuphika sichingafanane ndi nyama yokha, chifukwa chiwalo chimawoneka ngati chabwino kwambiri, chokopa kukoma koyambirira ndi mapindu akulu.
Nsombayo payokha ndi "zamasamba", motero m'chiwindi chake mulibe poizoni wazakudya zoopsa ku thanzi la munthu.
Zopindulitsa
Makhalidwe okoma a udzu wa carp sichinthu chokhacho chomwe chimakopa okonda nsomba. Ichi ndi chinthu chopatsa thanzi kwambiri chomwe chili ndi mavitamini ndi michere yambiri. Mochulukitsa, nyama ya nsomba imakhala ndi mapuloteni ofunikira, omwe amatha kuyamwa mosavuta. Ma antioxidants ndi ofunikira pakugwira ntchito kwa mtima ndi mtima, kuti pakhale kukongola komanso kuwonjezera nthawi yaunyamata.
Pali mavitamini ambiri m'm nsomba iyi
Mavitamini A, B, C, E ali ndi zovuta zovuta, amateteza thupi la munthu ku matenda ndi ma virus, amathandizira njira za metabolic komanso zolimbikitsa chithokomiro cha chithokomiro.
Chifukwa cha sodium, magnesium, potaziyamu, kuchuluka kwa madzi komanso kaphatikizidwe koyenera ka mahomoni kumasungidwa. Nyama imakhalanso ndi phosphorous, yofunika kwambiri kulimbitsa mafupa ndi mano athanzi.
Kugwiritsa ntchito udzu carp kumawonekera bwino mu machitidwe onse a ziwalo zamunthu:
- amachepetsa cholesterol yoyipa,
- chiopsezo chokhala ndi matenda a shuga ndi chithokomiro chimachepa,
- ubongo umalimbikitsidwa,
- Imachepetsa kukalamba kwa thupi,
- kagayidwe kachakudya njira amakhala.
Chifukwa chakufulumizitsa njira yogawa mafuta ndikulimbikitsa kagayidwe, malonda amadziwika mu chakudya chamagulu. Ndi mtengo wake wokwanira 165 kcal pa 100 g, ilinso ndi mafuta osaposa 5 g ndi mapuloteni 18 g.
Nyama yofunikira imaphatikizaponso folic acid, riboflavin, asidi wa mafuta a omega, calciferol ndi pantothenic acid. Munthu yemwe amagwiritsa ntchito zida zamoto nthawi zonse samakhudzidwa ndi kusintha kwa kusinthasintha, kupsinjika, kupsinjika ndipo nthawi zonse amalamulira momwe akumvera.
Koma pali zingapo zosinthika
Contraindication
Zotsatira zabwino za anthu okhala mumtsinje m'thupi ndizothandiza, koma ndikofunikira kuwunikanso bwino phindu ndi kuvulaza kwa carp ya thanzi. Zotsatira zoyipa kwambiri zitha kukhala kuchepa kwa thanzi. Izi zikutanthauza kuti chilichonse chomwe chimapangidwa ndi nsomba sioyenera kuchita ndi thupi.
Milandu yoopsa kwambiri ikhoza kupezeka poizoni, koma zimachitika pokhapokha ngati zosungidwa zomwe zidasungidwa zikuphwanyidwa. Chifukwa cha matenda omwe amapezeka ndi ma carp majeremusi ndi zinthu zovulaza, nyama yawo imakhala yosayenera kuti idyedwe, chifukwa chake muyenera kusankha mankhwalawo m'misika yayikulu komanso m'misika (makamaka munyengo yotentha) mosamala kwambiri.
Pali magulu aanthu omwe sayenera kudya nsomba zotere
Zakudya za Carp ndizoponderezedwa m'magulu otsatirawa a anthu:
- matupi a nsomba zam'madzi ndi mapuloteni,
- Ndi matenda a chiwindi ndi kugaya chakudya,
- ndi kunenepa kwambiri.
Ndi njira iliyonse yophikira, nsomba zimayenera kuthandizidwa ndi kutentha kwambiri kuti zisatengeke ndi majeremusi ndi matenda ena.
Mafupa mu nsomba
Carp ya Grass ndi ya ma carps, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mumapezeka mafupa ambiri. Kuchulukana kwa kapangidwe ka nsomba zamtunduwu sikuti ndi mafupa akulu okha, komanso mafupa ambiri ang'onoang'ono omwe sangachotsedwe kwathunthu pakudula komanso kuphika. Kupatula kosangalatsa m'banjali ndi carp carp, yomwe imakhala ndi mafupa ochepa ndipo sikodzaza ndi mamba.
Mukamasankha nsomba zophika, ndibwino kusamala ndi zazikulu, chifukwa m'maso mulibe mafupa ochepa. Komabe, pogula chogulitsa, muyenera kulabadira zaubwino: milingo siyiyenera kuzimiririka, zipsepse ziyenera kukhala zotanuka.
Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti muzimitsa Cupid kamodzi kokha, chifukwa imatha kutaya zinthu zake zopindulitsa. Sitha kusungidwa kwanthawi yayitali, chifukwa imafulumira. Ndikofunika kuphika nsomba yomwe idagulidwa nthawi yomweyo, kuikonza kuphika masamba, nyama yoboola kapena fillet.