Cougar -Munthu wodyera kwambiri amphaka, amphaka omwe amakhala ku North America. Cougars ndiwofulumira komanso wokalamba, safunikiranso nyonga ndi kulimba mtima: Amasaka nyama ndi zolemera kangapo kuposa zawo. Nthawi zambiri zimakhala zowopsa kwa anthu, nthawi zina amatha kuzisungunulira ndikuzisunga ngati ziweto.
Chiyambidwe cha mafotokozedwe ndi mafotokozedwe
Ku Paleocene, ofera-ngati-zidyera, maacid, adatulukira, ndipo zidachokera kwa iwo kuti nyama zomwe zimakonda kupha nyama, kuphatikizapo agalu ndi amphaka, zidapita. Nthambi ya chisinthiko ya proto -ource idatsogolera wachiwiri - nyama izi zidakhala padziko lapansi ku Oligocene, ndipo ku Miocene adasinthidwa ndi zofunikira za psvedoprotea.
Kuchokera kwa iwo kuti mabanja akuluakulu amphaka atatuwa adachokera: amphaka amiseche (otayika), amphaka akulu ndi ang'ono - amphaka nawonso ali m'gulu lomaliza. Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti amphaka ang'onoang'ono samakhala ochepa - chifukwa chake ma cougars nawonso ndi okulirapo. Chinsinsi chakusiyanitsa ndi kuthekera kokukula, mitundu yomwe imakhala mwa iwo ndi amphaka akuluakulu.
Maonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe ake
Chithunzi: Ndiwomwe amaoneka bwino kwambiri
Kutalika kwake, phangalo nthawi zambiri limachokera ku 110 mpaka 165 cm, ndipo kutalika kwa 55-75 masentimita. Amalemekezanso kwambiri - 55-110 kg. Amalemera pang'ono kuposa tiger, mikango ndi anyani, komabe ndi adani oopsa ogwidwa. Amuna ndi akazi amasiyana kwambiri kukula - amuna ndi akulu ndipo amalemera pafupifupi kotala lina.
Phimbalo lili ndi thupi lokongola komanso losinthika, mutu wake ndi wocheperako, ngati makutu, nyama imawoneka yayitali. Mawamba ndi akulu, ovala korona wakuthwa, omwe amatha kujambula. Ndi thandizo lawo, amakwera mitengo, amagwira nyama, ndipo atha kugwiranso ntchito ngati zida zolimbana ndi adani kapena anthu ena amitundu ina. Amakhala wokonda kwambiri, akwera mitengo kapena miyala mosadumphadumphadumphadumphadumphadenga, amatha kumathamanga kwambiri pakasaka, amasambira bwino kwambiri - sasamala kwambiri zopinga zake. Miyendo yakumbuyo imakhala yayikulupo yakutsogolo, katundu wamphamvu amawagwera. Ili ndi mchira wautali komanso wolimba.
Mano a Cougar ali ndi mano ataliitali, amagwira nyama, komanso kubaya khungu ndi minofu yake, ndikupweteka kwambiri. Pali zonyansa zazing'ono, nazo "amazikula" nyama, ndikuchotsa nthenga kapena ubweya. Mano ndi olimba kwambiri, nyamayi imatha kuthyola mosavuta minofu ngakhale kusweka mafupa. Ndi mano kuti mutha kudziwa zakale za phalaphala ndi izi: pofika zaka 4 zomwe amakhala ndi mkaka, kuyambira azaka zisanu ndi ziwiri mpaka zisanu ndi zinayi amayamba kusintha pang'onopang'ono ndi zenizeni, ndipo osapitilira zaka 2 izi zimatha. Kenako pang'onopang'ono amachepetsa kuwonda kwawo chifukwa cha kupera komanso pang'ono pang'onopang'ono, kuti magawo awa amatha kusiyanitsa amphaka ang'onoang'ono azaka zapakati, ndi omwe ali ndi achikulire.
Phaphalali limakhala ndi ubweya wonenepa, koma silimasiyana kutalika kwake komanso ulusi wake, kotero kuwamenya sikosangalatsa ngati amphaka ena akuluakulu. Mtundu wake ndi wolimba, imvi- chikasu - amafanana mkango, koma wotakata pang'ono. Mtundu wawo ndi wofanana ndi utoto wa zikopa kapena zikopa za nyama zomwe amasaka - choncho ndere zimayambitsa kukayikira pang'ono, ndizosavuta kwa iwo kuzemba osazindikira. Nthawi zambiri pakhungu pamakhala malo oyera kapena amdima. Cordars zazing'ono zimakhala zowuma komanso zowongoka, zimawonekeranso ndi maso amtambo - zikamakula zimayamba kuzimiririka kapena zofiirira, ndipo ndi izi, mawanga ambiri ovala malaya amazimiririka.
Kodi phokoso limakhala kuti?
Chithunzi: Cat Cougar Cat
Puma ili ndi madera ambiri, omwe amaphatikizapo onse aku South America komanso gawo lalikulu la North, kuphatikiza ndi Mexico yonse, ambiri a United States kupatula mayiko ena akum'mawa, ndi malire akumwera kwa Canada. M'mbuyomu, ma cordars anali ponseponse m'malo ano, tsopano zinthu zasintha.
Mwachindunji magulu amphika omwe amakhala North America okha. Kummawa kwa United States, kuli ochepa mwa nyama izi, ochepa okha omwe ali kutali, m'chigawo chapakati komanso ku Canada chiwerengero chawo chidachepetsedwa: ambiri adakhala m'malo opanda mapiri ambiri. Gawo lakumadzulo kuli anthu ambiri okhala ndi pumas ku North America, makamaka mapiri a Rocky.
Ku South America, izi zikufanana: M'madera ena omwe amphaka awa amakhala, sakukhalanso, ena alipo ochepa. Zambiri, komabe, zimapezekabe m'maiko onse a kontrakitalayi kuyambira Colombia kumpoto kupita ku Argentina ndi Chile kumwera. Ziphuphu zimakhazikika m'malo osiyanasiyana: kumapeto, kumapiri, m'nkhalango komanso m'malo otentha. Amatha kusintha chakudyacho kuti chikhale komwe amakhala, ndipo mtundu wa malaya awo umasinthanso kuti ugwirizane nawo. M'mapiri amatha kukwera kwambiri, ndipo amapezeka pamalo okwera kuposa 4,000 m.
Malo olimba kwambiri a nyama izi si zolepheretsa, koma izi: Zimathetsa zopinga, ndipo ndizosavuta kusaka. Chachikulu ndikuti pakayenera kukhala zochulukirapo pafupi - izi ndiye njira yokhayo yomwe gululo lingasankhe malowo amoyo. Lachiwiri - liyenera kukhala chete, osati patali ndi malo a cougars osakumana. Ndipo pakufunikanso kuti dziwe lamadzi oyera lizipezeka m'dera lotha kufikirana kwambiri: mutha kumwa mmenemo, ndipo nthawi zonse pamakhala zopangidwa zambiri pafupi.
Tsopano mukudziwa komwe kaphikidwe kamapezeka. Tiwone zomwe amadya.
Kodi chakudya champhongocho chimadya chiyani?
Chithunzi: Cougar m'chilengedwe
Pachakudya chake, chilombochi chimaphatikizapo anthu osatulutsa. Izi ndi:
Uwu ndi nyama yayikulu, nthawi zambiri imalemera kuposa cougar yokha, chifukwa chake imatenga nthawi yayitali, ndipo kusaka kumodzi kopambana kumakupatsani mwayi kuti musadandaule ndi chakudya. Komabe, ma cougars nthawi zambiri amapha nyama zochulukirapo kuposa momwe zimatha kudya nyama, ndipo ngakhale ndi masheya amapitiliza kusaka. Koma samanyoza nyama zing'onozing'ono, ngati yayikulu italephera.
Cougar amathanso kugwiranso:
Amakhala okhathamira mokwanira kuti agwire mbalame yosasamala, nadya nayonso. Amatha kusodza komanso kukonda nkhono. Phwando lanjala limatha kupha ndi kudya fuko kapena lynx, ndipo ndiwowopsa kwa akhanda ang'onoang'ono. Mwanjira yoti - chiwopsezo chochokera kwa iwo chimabwera pafupifupi nyama iliyonse yomwe ikufuna.
Ngakhale zimbalangondo sizimakhala zotetezeka - cougar ndi woimira olimba mtima kwambiri, amakonda kusewera masewera akuluakulu, chifukwa chake amatha kuwaukira. Awa ndi ang'ono ang'onoang'ono, komabe munthu wamkulu amakhala ndi mphamvu kwambiri kuti adye zipatso. Ziweto zimaphedwanso: izi zimakhudzanso ziweto, ndi ziweto - agalu. amphaka ndi ena. Koma zoterezi ndizosowa kwambiri, chifukwa ma cougars amakonda kukhala m'malo akumtunda komwe ziweto ndizosowa. Amatha kusaka osati pansi, komanso pamitengo.
Cougar amayesera kuthamangitsa nyama yomwe sanadziwe kuti ndiyandikana nayo pafupi, atatero amalumpha ndikuyesera kuthyola khosi la wovulalayo chifukwa cholemetsa. Ngati izi sizigwira ntchito, ndiye kuti amayesa kumugwira pakhosi ndikumusokoneza. Ngati sizinali zotheka kudya nyama nthawi, imabisalira zotsalazo mwa kuzikwatula pansi pamasamba kapena matalala. Itha kubwezeretsedwanso pamanyama osawonongeka kangapo. Nthawi zina amapha nyama yatsopano, kukhala yodzaza, ndipo osadya, kapenanso kuti imasiyidwa. Izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi amwenye: amayang'ana malo omwe nyama inkabisamo, ndipo ananyamula. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, ngati ma cafe amapeza chakudya cha munthu wina, ndiye kuti sangachigwire.
Chochititsa chidwi: Cougar ndi wolimba komanso wowuma kwambiri kotero kuti amatha kukoka mtembo kwa nthawi 7 kuposa kulemera kwawo komwe.
Mawonekedwe a machitidwe ndi moyo wawo
Chithunzi: Cougar Cat
Ziphuphu zimangokhala zokha, zimasinthana pawiri pokhapokha nthawi yakukhwima. Khalidwe lawo lilibe mikwingwirima kapena ngakhale anthu angapo oti akhale: aliyense adzisaka yekha, sagawana nawo nyama, samakhudza wina. Phirili lili ndi gawo lake, komwe amasaka, limakhala pafupifupi ma kilomita angapo, nthawi zina mazana. Amuna amakhala ndi "malo" akulu, ndipo akazi amakhala pafupi nawo. Ngati katundu wa amuna amuna ali ndi malire, ndiye kuti mikangano imatha pakati pawo mpaka m'modzi atayamba kufunafuna tsamba lina - nthawi zina amatha ndi kumwalira kwa m'modzi mwa ziphuphu. Akazi nthawi zambiri samatsutsana.
Nthawi yomweyo, anyamata achichepere, omwe angoyamba kumene kukhala ndi moyo kuchokera kwa amayi awo, amatha kusaka limodzi kwakanthawi, koma amasinthana kwakanthawi ndipo aliyense wa iwo amafufuza kapena kulanda malo osakhudzidwa ndi malo a mphaka wina. Pakati pa masamba awo, miyala yaminga imayenda molingana ndi nyengo: m'gawo limodzi amakhala nthawi yozizira, nthawi ina yotentha. Malire a gawo lomwe kupitirira komwe mafuko samayendayenda ali ndi mkodzo ndi zipsinjo. Ziphuphu zimakhala chete, ndipo phokoso lalikulu kuchokera kwa iwo limatha kumveka pokhapokha nyengo yakukhwima.
Nthawi yogwira ntchito nthawi zambiri imagwera usiku, masana ikagona. Mumdima, zimakhala zosavuta kuti iwo azikhazikika kwa ozunzidwa. Komabe, nthawi zina amasaka masana - nthawi zambiri ngati ali ndi njala. Ngati amphaka ena akuluakulu atha kuwukira munthu, mbaleyo sakonda izi, nthawi zambiri amachoka. Kuukira kumatha kuchitika pokhapokha ngati phokoso lazindikira kuti munthu watsala pang'ono kumuukira ndi kuganiza kuti sangathawe. Izi ndi nyama zopirira: zikagwidwa mumsampha, sizichita mantha, koma mofatsa ziyesani kudzipulumutsa.
Ngati izi sizinali zotheka, amangoima osadukiza ndipo amatha kudikirira masiku angapo mpaka wina atadza kudzayang'ana msampha: ndipo apa mutha kuyembekezera kale kuwukira kuchokera kwa iwo, koma osati pomwepo, koma pokhapokha atamasulidwa, kale pa izi akhoza kunamizira ngati akugona.
Kapangidwe ka anthu ndi kubereka
Chithunzi: Cougar m'chilengedwe
Nyengo ya kuswana kwa cougars imayamba ndi nthawi yozizira ndipo imapitilira mpaka kupendekera. Pakadali pano, amasowa mtendere, kumenyanirana kumachitika pakati pa amuna. Mwamuna aliyense amakondana ndi akazi onse omwe amakhala kumadera oyandikana - ndipo mwina akhoza kukhala ndi 3-8 a iwo. Yaikazi imanyamula ana awo kwa pafupifupi miyezi itatu, pambuyo pake imawonekera kuchokera kumodzi mpaka sikisi. Kutalika kwake, amachokera ku mphaka wamkulu - 30 cm, ndipo akulemera 300-400 gr. Chovalacho ndi chofiirira, mawanga akuda amapita limodzi - chimawala pofika chaka. Kittens amatsegula maso awo kumayambiriro kwa sabata lachiwiri la moyo, kenako mano awo adadulidwa.
Pakadali pano, amakonda kusewera ndipo amadya mkaka wa amayi, nyama amawonjezeranso izi kwa mwezi ndi theka, koma akupitabe kuyamwa mkaka. Amakhala ndi amayi awo mpaka zaka 1.5-2, kenako ndikupita kukafufuza malo awo, koma atha kukhalabe m'gulululi mpaka miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Amakhala okhwima pofika zaka 2,5 mwa akazi komanso mwa amuna atatu, ndipo amakhala pafupifupi zaka 10 mpaka 14. Zimakhala zovuta kuti nyama zakale zimasaka, chifukwa zimafa chifukwa cha kuperewera kwa zakudya kapena mabala omwe adaziwazitsa - nyama kapena ziwopsezo zina. Ogwidwa amatha kukhala ndi moyo mpaka zaka 20.
Chochititsa chidwi: Mukakhala kundende, mutha kupeza wosakanizidwa wa phokoso ndi leopuarda, imatchedwa pumapard. Nyama iyi yokhala ndi thupi lofanana ndi puma, koma yaying'ono kukula ndipo ili ndi mawanga pakhungu ngati nyalugwe.
Adani achilengedwe achilengedwe
Chithunzi: Ndiwomwe amaoneka bwino kwambiri
Ziphuphu sizimazisaka nthawi zonse.
Nthawi zina zimasemphana ndi zilombo monga:
Nthawi zambiri, mitengo yamakungwa imayamba kumenya, koma ngati iwayandikira, imatha kubisala mwa nyama zomwe zalembedwazo. Pokhapokha ngati anyaniwa ali ndi mwayi wopeza, koma nthawi zambiri zimakhala zowopsa kupatula zazing'ono kapena zazing'ono. Zomwe zilinso ndi mimbulu - ngakhale gulu la mimbulu silimenya nkhokwe ya munthu wamkulu wathanzi, chifukwa akudziwa kuti lidzafunika ndalama zambiri.
Chifukwa chake, ma cougars alibe adani enieni, ndipo amatha kumva kukhala otetezeka kwathunthu, sichoncho kwa anthu. Chifukwa choti amphaka amapha ziweto ndi ziweto, nthawi zambiri ankaziwombera, ndipo ambiri mwa ma cougars omwe anamwalira chifukwa cha zachilengedwe anaphedwa ndi anthu.
Koma, ngati zinthu zili chimodzimodzi ndi ma subspecies ena, zasintha ndi cordars. Chifukwa cha ziletso zamalamulo ku United States, tsopano akumwalira pang'ono, zomwe zidawalola kuti asunge kuchuluka kwawo, chifukwa palibe amene angawononge anthu osavomerezeka.
Chochititsa chidwi: Tizilombo ting'onoting'ono titha kuzisenda, ndipo zimayenderana osati ndi eni ake, komanso ndi ziweto, zomwe anthu amtchire amapha. Koma izi sizimagwira ntchito kwa mbalame, ngakhale nyama zowetedwa zimakonda kuzisaka.
Chiwerengero cha anthu ndi mitundu
Cougars ndi mitundu yomwe ili pachiwopsezo chochepa kwambiri. Mtundu ndi kuchuluka kwa ena mwa masanjidwe awo akucheperachepera, koma zosiyana zikuchitika ndi chakudya: ngati mu theka loyambirira la zaka za zana la 20 panali ochepa kwambiri a iwo, ndiye kuyambira pamenepo, chifukwa cha njira zomwe adatengedwa kuti atetezedwe, achulukana - tsopano kuli pafupifupi 30,000 ku North America.
Chiwerengerochi sichingawonekere kukhala chachikulu kwambiri, koma chifukwa cha mapangidwe ake akuluakulu, omwe amafunika kupha nyama zambiri kuti adye, ndi yayikulu kwambiri. Mbiri yonse ya ma pumas sichinabwezeretse, ndipo amakhala makamaka kumadzulo kwa USA, koma pang'onopang'ono imafalikira kummawa.
Kusaka ma cougars, kutengera kupezeka kwawo m'boma, ndizochepa kapena zoletsedwa kwathunthu. Izi zidapereka chiyambi chachikulu chobwezeretsanso manambala awo: ngati ku South America anthu apitiliza kuthamangitsa nthumwi zochokera kumaofesi ena, kumpoto koteroko kumaimitsidwa.
Chochititsa chidwi: Phalaphala limayambana ndi wovulalayo nthawi zambiri kuposa amphaka ena: m'malo opitilira 60% (mwachitsanzo, mkango, pafupifupi kotala la zoyesayesa limachita bwino). Koma ngati kuukiraku kulephera, ndipo wovutikayo atha kuthawa, phokosoli silimuthamangitsa, chifukwa amangopanga liwiro limodzi, koma sangayende patali kwambiri.
Cougar Wamphamvu kuposa momwe ungawonekere chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake, chifukwa ndi kukula kwa galu wamkulu, koma amatha kupha agwape ndi mbewa. Amathanso kudya ziweto, zomwe zimalepheretsa alimi - chifukwa cha izi, anali atatsala pang'ono kuphedwa pakati pa zaka za zana la 20. Mwamwayi, njira zotetezera zinali zothandiza, motero anthu adachira.
Cougar: Kufotokozera
Ngati mutanthauzira dzina la chilombo ichi (Puma concolor) kuchokera ku Chilatini, amatanthauza "Puma ndi mtundu umodzi", womwe uli woyenera kwambiri mokhudzana ndi mawonekedwe, omwe alibe mawonekedwe. Ngakhale izi sizitanthauza konse kuti chovala cha wopangayo ndiwoperewera. Malo am'mimba mwa nyamayo adapakidwa utoto wonyezimira, pomwe uli pakapukutira, mutha kuwona malo opepuka omwe amawonetsa pakamwa komanso pachigwa.
Maubwenzi a Cougar
Mpaka pafupifupi zaka 2000, asayansi adazindikira mitundu pafupifupi 30 ya nkhwaliyi, kutengera mtundu wa morphological. Munthawi yathu ino, mitengo ya cougars yadziwika chifukwa cha mitundu isanu ndi umodzi, poganizira zamtundu wa nyama, komanso malo okhala.
Chifukwa chake, nyama zolusa zimatanthauziridwa, kutengera mtundu wawo, komanso malo omwe amakhala.
Pokhudzana ndi izi, olusa awa amadziwika:
- Puma concolor costaricensis, yomwe imapezeka mkati mwa Central America.
- Puma concolor couguar, wokhala ku North America.
- Puma concolor cabrerae. Izi subspecies amakhala mkati mwa South America.
- Puma concolor capricornensis. Mtundu wa nyama zamtunduwu umapezeka ku madera akum'mawa a South America.
- Puma concolor puma imapezeka kumadera akumwera ku South America.
- Puma concolor concoror. Nyama zamtunduwu zimakhala kumadera akumpoto kwa South America.
Chosangalatsa kudziwa! M'madera okhala ndi matalala ku South Florida, malo omwe sanapezekepo ndi "Puma concolor coryi", otchedwa Florida puma, adapezeka.
Zambiri zomwe zimapezeka m'malo osungirako "Bigypress National Preservation" ku United States. Mu 2011, panali anthu pafupifupi 160, pomwe nyamazo zidalembedwa mu International Red Book (IUCN), kufotokoza mtunduwo ngati subspecies yovuta kwambiri. Tsoka ilo, ma subspecies awa adasowa chifukwa cha moyo wa munthu yemwe mosataya madzi mosazungulira, komanso kusaka nyama yolusa chifukwa chofuna masewera.Kuphatikiza apo, kulera kumakhala ndi ubale wina ndi izi, zomwe zimachitika chifukwa nyama zokhudzana kwambiri zomwe zili ndi chiyembekezo chokulitsa chiwerengo chonse.
Zochita ndi moyo
Ziphuphu zimakonda kukhala kwayekha, kupanga maukwati pokhapokha nyengo yakukhwima, yomwe imangokhala sabata limodzi, pomwe zazikazi ndi ana ake amakhala pamodzi mpaka kittens ikadzisankhira yokha. Amuna akuluakulu amachita nkhanza kwa wina ndi mnzake, koma anyamata achichepere amakhala ochezeka. Chiwerengero chonse cha adaniwa chimatengera kuchuluka kwa masewerawa, motero pa kilomita zana limodzi mungathe kukumana ndi eni malo amodzi, komanso pamasamba omwe ali theka kukula kwa malowa, anthu opitilira khumi.
Chiwembuchi, chomwe chimayang'aniridwa ndi wamwamuna, chimatha kupitirira ma kilomita 350 kapena kuchepera 10, kutengera kupezeka kwa chakudya. Dziwani kuti gawo lirilonse silimadutsana ndi gawo lomwe osinthawo amafunafuna. Amalemba gawo lawo mothandizidwa ndi mkodzo ndi ndowe, komanso kusiya masamba awisi pamitengo. Ziphuphu zimayenda mozungulira masamba awo, ndipo kuchuluka kwa kusunthaku kumatengera nthawi ya chaka. Zidyerazi zimasangalala kwambiri m'malo aliwonse ovuta, chifukwa zimadziwikika kuti zimapambana pamtunda wautali komanso watali.
Puma amatha:
- Kudumpha mita 7 kapena kupitirira.
- Kudumpha mpaka kutalika pafupifupi 5 metres.
- Kudumpha kuchokera kutalika kwa 18 metres.
Chosangalatsa kudziwa! Zidyezi zimatha kuthamangira kuthamanga kwa 50 km / h, koma kwa kanthawi kochepa chabe, nyamazo zikagonjetseka bwino m'mbali mwa mapiri, zimakwera mitengo mosavuta, komanso zimadumpha kuchokera pamwala kupita pamwala. Ziphuphu zimamva bwino m'madzi, koma musamve chidwi ndi madzi.
Nyamayi imasaka nyama ikayamba kucha, ndipo nthawi yakudya masana nyama izi zimabisala kapena kugona m'makomo mwawo. Kwa zaka zambiri, anthu ankakhulupirira kuti ma cordars amapanga mawu okoma mtima, koma mtsogolo, izi zinali malingaliro chabe omwe amawoneka chifukwa chamantha. Cordars amalira mokweza kokha panthawi yakuswana, ndipo nthawi yonseyo amapanga mawu omwe amadziwika ndi onse "otayika", kuphatikizapo phokoso lodziwika bwino.
Zojambula za Cougar ndi Habitat
Mtundu wa Cougar ndiye waukulu kwambiri kuposa nyama zonse zomwe zimapezeka ku America. Muli gawo ili, lynx yokhala ndi tsitsi lofiira okha, mphaka wa m'nkhalango ndi kambuku yemwe angayerekezedwe ndi puma.
Nyama iyi ndi chizindikiro cha West West ndipo imakhala kudera lalikulu kuchokera ku Canada mpaka kumwera kwenikweni kwa South America. Dambo, nkhalango, malo okwezeka, madambo - kulikonse komwe mungakumane ndi okongola awa. Kutengera ndi malo omwe amakhala, mtundu wa ubweya wa cougars komanso zakudya zawo zimatha kusiyanasiyana.
Mountain Mkango (Cougar) m'modzi mwa oimira gulu lalikulu la amphaka, malinga ndi kukula kwake ali patsogolo pa nkhandwe. Kutalika kwamphongo kwamphaka wamtunduwu ndi pafupifupi 100-180 masentimita, komabe, nyama zina zimafika pamtunda wa mamina awiri ndi theka kuchokera pachimphuno cha mphuno mpaka kumapeto kwa mchira. Pakufota, kutalika kwake kumayambira 60 mpaka 75 cm, mchirawo umakhala ndi kutalika pafupifupi 70. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti cougars achikazi ndi ochepa 40% kuposa amuna.
Pafupifupi ndi equator anthu ochepa kwambiri omwe amadyera amakhala, pafupi ndi mitengoyo amakhala okulirapo. Pa thupi lamphamvu mabala amiyala pali mutu waching'ono wokhala ndi makutu ang'ono. Komabe, ngati nthumwi za nyama zambiri zomwe zimadyera nyama, nyama zimakhala ndi ma fc kutalika kwa 4 cm, momwe mutha kuthana ndi mdani wowopsa komanso nyama.
Miyendo yakumbuyo ya nyamayo ndi yayikulu kuposa kutsogolo. Zovala zakuthwa zili pamapazi akulu ndi awiri, pomwe nyamayo imatha kuyikiratu. Chifukwa cha kupyapyala kwake, nkhandwe imatha kukwera mitengo iliyonse, kuyenda m'matanthwe komanso m'matanthwe ndikuyamba kusambira.
Nyamayi imatha kudumphira kutalika kwa masentimita 120, kupitirira mita sikisi, pamtunda wochepa liwiro la nyama imatha kupitirira 50 km pa ola limodzi. Mchira umathandizira kukhala osamala pamene ikuyenda.
Cougars amagwira ntchito usiku komanso m'mawa kwambiri. Mikango ndi ma cougars okha ndi amtundu wofanana. Anthu omwe ali kumpoto ndi amtundu, anthu okhala m'malo otentha ndi ofiira.
Mbali yakumunsi ya thupi la nyamayo ndi yopepuka kuposa kumtunda, m'mimba ndi chibwano zili zoyera, koma mchirawo umada kwambiri. Kumaso kuli zikwangwani zakuda. Ubweya wa predator ndi waufupi, koma wolimba komanso wakuda.
Khalidwe la Cougar ndi moyo
Cougar Imatha kukhala yogwira panthawiyi, koma masana ikakonda kupuma, imayamba kusaka ndikamdima. Puma ndi nyama yokhala chete, mumatha kuimva kawirikawiri, imangolira mofuula pakukalamba.
Nthawi zambiri, oimira feline wamkulu amatha kuukira munthu, komabe, wopindulitsa, m'malo mwake, amayesera kubisala. Kuukira kumachitika pokhapokha ngati chiweto chiwoneka choopsa pamoyo wake.
Phiri Lapiri ali ndi chipiriro chachikulu. Akakumana ndi msampha, amakhala chete ndipo amayesetsa kupeza njira yochitira izi. Ngati sichipezeka, phokosoli limatha kugwa ndipo silisuntha kwa masiku angapo.
Mwachilengedwe, ma cougars alibe mdani. Komabe, madera akumpoto amayenera kukumana ndi chimbalangondo cha bulauni ndi nkhandwe, kumwera ndi jaguar, komanso ku Florida komwe kumakhala ndi Mississippi alligator. Mimbulu ndi mbewa zingathe kukhala pachiwopsezo chaanthu wamba kapena ang'onoang'ono.
Chakudya chopatsa thanzi
Ungulates ndiye chakudya chachikulu cha cougars. Elk, agwape, caribou ndiye menyu wawukulu wanyamayo. Komabe, phangalo sanyansidwa ndi nsomba, akalulu, agologolo, nkhumba zakuthengo, ma turkeys, porcupines, mbewa, alligator, achule, coyotes, lynxes, ndi ena cougars. Ngati ndi kotheka, mutha kusangalala ndi nkhono kapena ngakhale tizilombo.
Nyama yodwalayo imakhala yolumikizidwa bwino ndipo ikaukiridwa, wopezayo alibe nthawi yopulumuka. Ngati nyama ili yayikulupo, wopangayo amafika kwa iye mwakachetechete, kudumpha ndikuthyola khosi. Samasewera ndi chakudya, amakonda kuchepa nthawi yomweyo.
Izi zimathandizidwa ndi zopindika komanso mano owongoka, omwe amang'amba minofu mwakachetechete ndikuphwanya mafupa. Phirili limatha kupha nyama yomwe kulemera kwake kupitilira katatu kuposa yake. Cougar sasaka osati padziko lapansi, komanso m'nthambi za mitengo.
Pofufuza wovutikayo amatha kuyenda mtunda wautali. Ngati ngwaziyo idapha nyama yayikulu, ndiye kuti nyama yomwe imadya imatha kudya kwa sabata limodzi. Ngati mwayi udziwoneka wokha, mbalame yam'madzi imatha kuukira ziweto, ngakhale amphaka ndi agalu.
Pankhaniyi, nthawi zambiri, pali omwe amakhudzidwa kwambiri kuposa omwe wolusa amafunika kudya. M'chaka, chakudya chimodzi chimadya nyama kuchokera ku 800 mpaka 1200 kg nyama, pafupifupi 50. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti phokoso limasaka lokha ndipo silidzadya nyama yomwe wopikisana nayeyo adapha.
Kubalana komanso kukhala ndi moyo wautali
Cougar - chinyama zakutchire. Koma, nthawi yomweyo, zizolowezi za mphalaphala zili m'njira zambiri zofanana ndi mphaka wamba. Kukhala kwokhazikika kumadzichotsera nyengo yakukhwima, komwe kumatha kuyamba nthawi yozizira ndi masika. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha estrus mu kulira kwa akazi ndi mawonekedwe.
Monga lamulo, amuna otukuka makamaka ali ndi magawo awo omwe ali ndi malire omveka. Madera awa amalembedwa mkodzo, zimbudzi ndi zikhadabo zamatanda pamtengo. Ndi malire awa omwe awiriawiri amapanga.
Nyama sizimapitilira mphindi imodzi, koma pali mitundu isanu ndi inayi ya ola limodzi pa ola limodzi. Masewera achikwati ndi achiwawa kwambiri ndipo amatha mpaka milungu iwiri. Pambuyo pake, wamwamuna amasiya wokondedwa wake.
Mimba ya cougar imatha kuposa miyezi itatu. Pafupifupi ma kittens atatu abadwa. Maso a ana amatseguka tsiku lakhumi. Mano oyamba amayamba kuwonekera ndipo makutu amatseguka. Pambuyo pa masabata 6, achichepere akulawa kale nyama.
Kulumikizana ndi amayi kumatenga mpaka zaka ziwiri, pambuyo pake mabungwe achichepere amayamba moyo wawo. Monga amphaka ambiri amtunduwu, mbalame zam'madzi zopatsa thanzi zimakhala zaka 15. Mu malo osungira nyama ndi malo ogulitsa ana, nthawi imeneyi imakwera mpaka 20.
Ngakhale amasaka nyama zonsezi, palibe chomwe chikuwopseza kuchuluka kwawo. Lero mugule chakudya Mutha kupita kudzera pa intaneti, komwe mungapeze zambiri.
Ntchito Zogawa ndi Magulu Aang'ono
Pakalepo, ma puma akhala ali wamkulu kwambiri mwa zolengedwa zonse zam'madzi ku America. Ngakhale pakadali pano, pankhani ya kutalika, puma ndiyofanana (kuchokera kumayendedwe) pokhapokha ndi mtundu wamba, trot wofiira, mphaka wa m'nkhalango ndi nyalugwe. Poyamba, ziphuphu zimapezeka pafupifupi kulikonse kuyambira kumwera kwa Patagonia mpaka kumwera chakum'mawa kwa Alaska, dera lomwe amagawidwenso limagwirizana molingana ndi mtundu wake wa nyama yake yayikulu - agwape osiyanasiyana. Tsopano ku United States ndi Canada, nkhokwezi zimasungidwa makamaka kumapiri akumadzulo. Kumpoto kwa North America, gululi lidawonongedwa kwathunthu, kupatula ochepa anthu wamba Puma concolor coryi ku Florida.
Pakadali pano, dera la puma limafikira kutalika kwa 100 ° - kuchokera ku Yukon (Canada) mpaka kumwera, ndikufikira pafupifupi South America yonse mpaka ku Patagonia.
Gulu lamakono
Gulu lamakono, malinga ndi kafukufuku wamtundu, limasiyanitsa mitundu isanu ndi umodzi ya phangalo, yomwe ikuphatikizidwa ndi magulu 6 a phylogeographic:
- Puma concolor couguar - North America (kuchokera kumwera kwa Canada kupita ku Guatemala ndi Belize),
- Puma concolor costaricensis - Central America (Nicaragua, Costa Rica ndi Panama),
- Puma concolor capricornensis - kum'mawa kwa South America (kuchokera pagombe lakumwera kwa Amazon ku Brazil kupita ku Paraguay),
- Puma concolor concoror - Kumpoto kwa South America (Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, Guiana, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia),
- Puma concolor cabrerae - chigawo chapakati ku South America (kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa Argentina, Uruguay),
- Puma concolor puma - Kummwera kwa South America (Chile, kumwera chakumadzulo kwa Argentina).
Florida zakudya
- Florida zakudya (Puma concolor coryi) Kodi mitundu yocheperako kwambiri ya mkatewu ndi iti? Kuchuluka kwake m'chilengedwe mu 2011 kunali kosaposa anthu 160 (ndipo mu 1970s kudatsikira kwa 20 anthu). Amakhala nkhalango ndi madambo akumwera kwa Florida (USA), makamaka m'malo osungirako.Nyengo Yaitetezo Ya Big Cypress. Cholinga cha kutha kwake chinali makamaka kutulutsa kwa ma swamp, kusaka masewera, poyizoni komanso kuchepa kwa zinthu zamtundu, zomwe zimatsogolera pakupezeka. Florida cougar ndi ochepa kukula komanso ali ndi ma tchuthi apamwamba. Mtundu wa malaya ndi wakuda, wofiyira. Zotsatira zakulandila, anthu amtunduwu adapeza gawo lomata la mchira. Pali chikonzero chodutsa ma cordars a Florida ndi ma cougars a subspecies ena kuti apange gulu lokhazikika, lodziyang'anira lokha.
Masabusikiripishoni ena a East America, a Wisconsin cougar (Puma concolor shorgeri), adamwalira pofika 1925
Moyo ndi Zopatsa Thanzi
Ziphuphu zimapezeka pamalo okwera mosiyanasiyana - kuchokera kumapiri kupita kumapiri okhala ndi kutalika kwa 4700 m pamwamba pa nyanja, ndi m'malo osiyanasiyana: m'mapiri otentha, m'nkhalango zotentha, pamapiri, m'malo opezeka madambo komanso ambiri m'malo aliwonse ali ndi chakudya chokwanira komanso pogona. Komabe, ku South America, miyala yamiyala imayesetsa kupewa madambo komanso malo otsika omwe nkhwangwa zimasankha. Nyama zoterezi zimatha kuzolowera kukhala ndi moyo pamalo oyamba. Chifukwa chake, chifukwa cha miyendo yawo yolimba, amatha kudumpha mpaka 6 m kutalika ndi 2,5 m, kuthamanga kuthamanga mpaka 50 km / h (ngakhale mtunda waifupi). Puma amasuntha mosavuta m'mbali mwa mapiri, amakwera mitengo ndi miyala mosavuta, ngati nkofunika, amasambira bwino.
Mosiyana ndi zikhulupiriro zambiri, phangalo ndi nyama yokhala chete. Kufuula kokweza, kofanana ndi kulira kwa anthu, amangolira pakukhwima.
Ma Cougars amakhala moyo wamtundu wanokha (kusiyanitsa ndi okwatirana m'masiku 1 mpaka 6 a nthawi ya mating ndi amayi omwe ali ndi ana amphaka). Kuchulukana kwa chiwerengero chawo, kutengera kupezeka kwa masewerawa, kumasiyana kuchokera pa munthu mmodzi pa 85 km² kupita kwa anthu 13 pa kilomita 54. Malo osakira nyama wamkazi amatenga kuchokera pa 26 mpaka 350 km² ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala m'mphepete mwaimuna. Ziwembu zazimuna zimakhala 140 mpaka 760 km² ndipo sizimagawanika. Amuna akuluakulu sawoneka kawirikawiri palimodzi, kupatula ana achichepere omwe achoka kumene amayi awo. Mkati mwa chiwembu chake, puma imapanga kayendedwe ka nyengo, nthawi yozizira ndikuwuluka m'malo ake osiyanasiyana. Malire a gawo amadziwika ndi mkodzo ndi ndowe, komanso zikande pamitengo.
Puma amasaka makamaka usiku. Pazambiri zamtunduwu, zakudya zake zimakhala ndi mitundu yopanda zinthu monga: zodetsa zakuda, zoyera-zoyera, pampas deer, wapiti (ngwazi zofiirira zaku America), moose, caribou, nyama zazikulu ndi nyanga. Komabe, phirili limatha kudya nyama zamitundu yosiyanasiyana - kuchokera ku mbewa, agologolo, zotheka, akalulu, muskrats, sloths, agouti, nyani, porcupins, Canada beavers, raccoons, skunks ndi armadillos, coyotes, lynxes, alligators komanso ena cougars. Amadyanso mbalame, nsomba, ngakhale nkhono ndi tizilombo. Monga akambuku ndi nyalugwe, phokoso silingasiyanitse pakati pa nyama zakuthengo ndi zoweta, kuukira ziweto, agalu, amphaka ndi nkhuku mwayi ukapezeka. Nthawi yomweyo, amadula nyama zambiri kuposa zomwe amadya. Maphikidwewa amathanso kuwukira achinyamata achabechabe, palinso umboni wosonyeza kuchuluka kwa ziphuphu zomwe zimapha ziphuphu zazikulu kapenanso grizzlies. Alfred Brem amafotokoza kuti mphaka ndi nyama yolimba mtima komanso yolimba mtima.
Mukasaka, puma nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito chinthu chodabwitsacho - chimagwira nyama yayikulu, kenako imalumphira kumbuyo kwake ndikuphwanya khosi lake pogwiritsa ntchito unyinji wake, kapena, monga amphaka ena onse, kumugwira pakhosi ndi mano ndikuyamba kutsinana. Puma imodzi imadya makilogalamu 860-1300 a nyama pachaka, pafupifupi 48 osabera. Ziphuphu zimabisala nyama yosawonongeka, ndikuyikoka ndikugonetsa masamba, burashi kapena chisanu. Amabwereranso ku zobisika zobisika, nthawi zina mobwerezabwereza. Phimbalo limatha kukoka nyamayo mtunda wautali, kupitirira kasanu kuposa kulemera kwake. Mafuko a Amwenye omwe amakhala kumwera kwa California adagwiritsa ntchito chizolowezi cha pumas, kunyamula mitembo yomwe inali yathunthu kapena yopanda maphunziro.
Phirili lilibe adani achilengedwe, koma zilombo zina zitha kuyika pangozi njuchi: ankhandwe, milulu, mimbulu, zimbalangondo zakuda, ng'ona, zikuluzikulu zakuda ndi mbalame zazikulu za Mississippi. Zipatso ndi zotayidwa mokhudzana ndi zakudya zam'madzizo, zimagwira ngati majeremusi, kulanda gawo la nyama.
Kuukira anthu
Mosiyana ndi amphaka akuluakulu ambiri am'miyendo, ma cougars samazunza anthu, amakonda kuwapewa. Pakati pa 1890 ndi Januware 2004, kuukira pafupifupi zana limodzi kudalembedwa ku United States ndi Canada, ambiri mwaiwo anachitika kokha ku Vancouver Island. Nthawi zambiri ozunzidwa anali ana kapena anthu afupia, ndipo kuzunzidwa kumachitika madzulo kapena usiku. Cougars imatha kukhala ndi chiwonetsero chazovuta ngati munthu asunthira mwachangu ndikukhala payekha.
Mkhalidwe Wopezekera ndi Chitetezo
Ngakhale kuti ma cougars amagwira ntchito yosaka ndipo mtundu wawo umachepetsedwa chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe, masamba ambiri amakhala ambiri, popeza ma cougars amatha kusintha moyo wawo m'malo osiyanasiyana. Chifukwa chake, pafupifupi kuwonongedwa ku USA kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 20, tsopano kuchuluka kwa ma pumas kumadzulo kwa dziko lino kuli pafupifupi anthu 30,000 ndipo akupitilizabe kum'mawa ndi kumwera.
Ma subspecies atatu omwe adapangidwira adalembedwa mu CITES Appendix I: Puma concolor coryi, Puma concolor costaricensis, Puma concolor couguar. Kusaka ma pumas ndi koletsedwa konse kapena koletsedwa, ngakhale akupitilirabe kuwonongedwa chifukwa cha kuvulala kochitidwa ndi ziweto komanso kusaka.
Ma subspecies okha omwe adalembedwa mu Mndandanda Wofiira wa IUCN wokhala ndi "ovuta" (pangozi), Ndi chakudya cham'madzi ku Florida Puma concolor coryi.
Ndizosangalatsanso kudziwa kuti tsopano anthu ena anayamba kuwumba ma cougars ngati ziweto zawo.
Cougar wakuda
Mwachilengedwe, muli miyala yoyera, komanso ya bulauni yomwe imapezeka ku America.Cougar wakuda - nyama, m'malo mwake ndi nthano chabe. Asayansi amati puma wakuda ndi puma melanist m'chilengedwe kulibe.
M'mbuyomu panali mbiri yokhudza kupezedwa kwa ma pum melanc, leucists, maalubino. Malipoti a ziphuphu zakuda adachokera ku South ndi Central America. Phwando lakuda lomwe linaphedwa ku Costa Rica mu 1959 linakhala lofiirira, osati lakuda.
Zinanenedwa kuti phokoso lakuda linajambulidwa ku Kentucky, koma pambuyo pake zidadziwika kuti mphaka uyu anali ndi mthunzi wowala wamimba. Izi zikutanthauza kuti nyamayo inali yofiirira.
Ku Idaho chakumapeto kwa 2007, nkhokwe yokhala ndi nkhope yakuda, kummero ndi chifuwa. Kumbuyo kwa khutu lake, anali ndi malo akuda, omwe asayansi amawazindikira kuti ndiophatikizanso ndi mbali inayake yamatsenga. Pakutsimikizira mwatsatanetsatane mfundo iyi, phwando lomwe makolo ali ndi makolo otchuka amafunikira, ali mndende. Chifukwa chake, lero deta yokhudza kukhalapo kwa ma cougars akuda sinatsimikizidwebe.
Zojambula zakunja
Puma ndi nyama, mafotokozedwe omwe amatha kupezeka m'mabuku onse odzipereka pamoyo wa zilombo. Osangokhala akatswiri omwe ali ndi chidwi ndi zikhalidwe za amuna okongola awa, komanso okonda nyama wamba.
Chimodzi mwazinyama zazikulu kwambiri zomwe zimakhala ku United States masiku ano ndi chakudya cham'madzi. Nyama imakhala yachiwiri kokha kwa mbalamezo. Katunduyu amakhala ndi kutalika kwa thupi mpaka 80 cm, ndi mchira kutalika masentimita 75. Kutalika kwa kufota kumafika mpaka masentimita 76. Kulemera kwa wamwamuna wamkulu ndi pafupifupi kilogalamu 105. Akazi ndi ocheperako 30% kuposa amuna.
Puma ndi nyama yokhala ndi thupi losinthika komanso lalitali, miyendo yotsika komanso mutu wochepa. Miyendo yakumbuyo imakhala yayikulu kwambiri kuposa kutsogolo. Mchira wake ndi wamtali, wautali, wogwirizana.
Ming'aluyo ndi yotakata, ikumatha ndi zopindika zopindika zokhota. Mapiritsi azala zam'manja ndizazungulira.
Malaya ndi utoto
Puma (chithunzi cha nyamayo chitha kuonedwa m'mabuku onse onena za nyama zodyera) imakhala ndi ubweya wonenepa, wamfupi komanso wowuma. Ziphuphu ndi amphaka okha aku America amtundu womwewo.
Nyama zokulirapo zimakhala ndi chovala chachikasu kapena chofiirira. Poterepa, mbali yakumbuyo ya thupi ndiyopepuka kwambiri kuposa kumtunda. Mtundu wa ma pumas ndi wofanana ndi mtundu wa chakudya chawo chachikulu - gwape. Pali zikwangwani zopepuka pa pakhosi, pachifuwa ndi m'mimba, komanso malo akuda pa muzzle. Makutu ndi amdima, mchira umatha ndi chidutswa chakuda. Ma cougars omwe amakhala m'malo otentha ndi ofiira, ndipo anthu akumpoto ali ndi imvi.
Mwa achichepere, chovalacho ndichopepuka. Imakhala ndi mikwaso yakuda, mawanga kumbuyo ndi kutsogolo, komanso mphete kumchira.
Kusaka
Puma amapita nyama usiku. Zakudya zake sizimakhudzidwa kwenikweni - agwape, Elk, ndi boutorn. Samakana ziweto.
Komabe, nyamayi imadyanso nyama zosiyanasiyana - kuchokera ku agologolo ndi mbewa kupita ku lynxes, coyotes ndi ngakhale cougars. Mosiyana ndi nyalugwe ndi akambuku, kambukuyu sasiyanitsa nyama zapakhomo ndi kuthengo, nthawi zambiri akumenya ziweto, amphaka, agalu. Nthawi yomweyo, imapha zolengedwa zambiri kuposa zomwe zimatha kudya.
Mukamasaka, phangalo limagwiritsa ntchito chinthu chododometsa - limasunthira nyama yayikulu ndipo kuchokera patali kwambiri limadumphira kumbuyo kwake, kuthyola khosi. Puma amadya mpaka 1300 kg ya nyama pachaka. Zoyang'anira zimabisalira zotsalira za nyama, kuziphimba ndi brashi, masamba kapena matalala. Amatha kubwerera kusitolo mobwerezabwereza.
Puma ndi nyama yolimba kwambiri komanso yolimba yomwe imatha kukoka nyama yaku mtunda wautali, yomwe ndi kasanu mpaka kasanu ndi kawiri kulemera kwake.
Mwachilengedwe, phokoso silikhala ndi adani. Ndi zilombo zazikulu zokha zomwe nthawi zina zimagwiritsa ntchito nkhandwe zazikulu.
Habitat
Cougar nyama ndizofala ku America konse. M'malo mwake, malo omwe amapangidwako amaphatikizana ndi komwe chakudya chake chachikulu - nguluwe. M'mbuyomu, nyama izi zidawoneka kuchokera kumadera akumwera kwa Patagonia kupita kumwera chakum'mawa kwa Alaska. Pakadali pano, makamaka ma cougars amapezeka kumadzulo kwa United States ndi Canada m'malo mapiri. Ndipo kum'mawa akufafanizidwa kwathunthu - anthu ochepa okha ndi omwe adatsala ku Florida.
Moyo ndi zizolowezi
Nyama yakuda puma ndi nyama yakudya yakutchire. Ziphuphu zimakhala zokha. Pokhapokha nyengo yakukhwima mutapeza mnzake. Kenako mokweza kwambiri alengezedwa kuchigawochi, zomwe zikusonyeza kuti awiriwo apanga, ndipo posakhalitsa padzakhala ana.
Malo omwe amasankhidwa kuti azikhalamo amadziwika ndi mkodowo m'malire a phokosoli, ndipo amasiya kukundana pamitengo yamitengo. Ziphuphu zimangokhala m'malo omwe kusaka bwino komanso malo okwanira ndi kotheka. Awa ndi nkhalango ndi zigwa zobzalidwapo udzu wamtali.
Kuchulukana kwa malo okhala kumadalira kwambiri "chakudya" chomwe chimapezeka m'derali - pafupifupi 80 lalikulu mamilimita. km - 1-12 nyama. Amuna amabisa malo osaka a 100-750 mita lalikulu. km, mu akazi ziwembu zazing'ono - 30-300 sq. km Mtunda woyenda umadalira nthawi ya chaka. Nyama zimatha nthawi yozizira ndi chilimwe m'malo osiyanasiyana.
Cogars amapita kukasaka madzulo, ndi liwiro la mphezi amagwetsa nyama mwa kulumpha kamodzi. Masana iwo amagona m'malo ogona, amakhala ndi dzuwa ndikunyambita, monga amphaka onse, ubweya.
Zidyamakanda zimakonda kukwera malo otsetsereka kumapiri, kukwera nthambi zamitengo ndipo zimatha kusambira bwino. Kutalika kwa kudumpha kwamphako kumakhala 6 m, ndipo kutalika - kupitilira mamita 2. Kuthamanga kwamtunda ndi 50 km / h. Puma imatha kukoka mano ake m'mano, ndipo kukula kwake ndi yayikulu kuposa kokwana 5-7.