Choyimira chapadera cha nyama ndi kangaude wa tarantula. Chithunzi cha kangaude wamkulu chidzawopsa ambiri. Komabe, tarantulas idayamba kusungidwa ngati ziweto. Mwambiri, izi ndi zolengedwa zokongola ndipo wina samaimira nyama ina pafupi ndi iwo.

Akangaude ... zolengedwa zachilendo. Padziko lathuli pali mitundu pafupifupi 42,000. Amakhala pamakondomu onse, kupatula kum'mwera kwenikweni kwa Africa - Antarctica. Pali akangaude ochepa kwambiri, pali zazikulu, zopanda vuto, ndipo pali zapoizoni zomwe zimatha kupha munthu ndikuluma kamodzi. Zilombo zodabwitsazi komanso nthawi zina zimakambirana, kangaude wa tarantula.

Sichoncho, chithumwa?

Kangaude uyu ndi wa arthropod arachnids, ndi woimira banja la kangaude wa tarantula, lomwe ndi gawo la gulu la akangaude.

Kodi akangaude a tarantula amawoneka bwanji?

Ziyenera kunenedwa nthawi yomweyo kuti akazi a arachnids awa ndi akulu kuposa amphongo. Thupi la mkazi limakula mpaka masentimita 9, wamphongo ndiocheperako - masentimita 8.5. Nthawi zina akangaude amakula kwambiri - kukula kwawo ndi miyendo yotseguka kupitilira masentimita 20!

Pamaso pathupi lonse, kuphatikiza miyendo, yokutidwa ndi tsango lalikulu la villi, ndikupatsa kangaude mawonekedwe. Mitunduyi ndi yosiyana kwambiri, mitundu ina iliyonse imakhala utoto. Koma, kwenikweni, utoto wake ndi wakuda kwambiri, womwe umalowa mkati mwa thupi lonse. Ndi zaka, akangaude amatha kusintha mtundu.

Makhalidwe azachilengedwe a tarantula

Ma Tarantulas amalembedwa ngati akangaude owopsa.

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya tarantulas imakhala ndi moyo wosiyanasiyana: ena amakhala m'mitengo, ena m'nthaka kapena m'makola, ena amakonda kukhala ndi zitsamba.

Ma Tarantulas amasaka kwa nthawi yayitali kuti abisalire. Ngakhale kangaudeyu ali ndi njala, amasunthira modekha komanso modekha. Mwambiri, nyama izi sizigwira ntchito kwambiri, makamaka ngati zimakhutira kwathunthu ndi kumverera kwanjala.

Akangaude a Tarantula amaonedwa kuti ndi amtali wautali pakati pa ma arthropod onse: amakhala zaka makumi angapo (30 kapena kuposerapo). Nthawi yomweyo, zazikazi zimakhala ndi nthawi yayitali kuposa zazimuna.

Mtundu wa tarantulas umatengera mitundu, anthu ena amaonekedwe owoneka bwino kwambiri.

Kodi njira yoberekera ya ma tarantulas m'chilengedwe?

Amuna amakhala okhwima pakati pa akazi. Amphongo okhwima chifukwa cha kubereka ayamba kuluka zomwe zimatchedwa "sperm-web". Pa iye ndi madzi am'mimba aimuna. Chipangizo chapadera, chotchedwa cymbium, pa thupi la munthu wamwamuna chimadzazidwa ndimadzi amodzimodzi. “Chipangizochi” chimafanana ndi zida chimodzi mwamiyendo inayi yamiyendo.

Kangaude wa Tarantula

Pa nyengo yakukhwima ya chikazi ndi chachimuna, madzimadzi am'mimba amalowa m'thupi la mkazi, ndikuphatikiza. Chodabwitsa chakukhwima mu kangaude wa tarantula ndikuti mkazi amakhala wankhanza kwambiri atatha kupanga umuna ndipo amatha kudya mwamunayo mokwiya. Chifukwa chake, amuna akangokwatirana amayesera kubisala pamaso pa "mayi" wokwiyitsayo.

Miyezi ingapo mutabereka umuna, kangaudeyu akuyika coco. Pali mazira mu coco iyi. Pali kuyambira 50 mpaka 2000. Zoposa mwezi ndi theka, zazikazi zimayang'anira cocoko, nthawi zina kuzisintha kapena kuzikoka kwina kuchokera kwina.

Kusasitsa kwa mazira kumabweretsa kubadwa kwa gawo loyamba la tarantula yachinyamata, yotchedwa "nymph". Asanafike pamtundu wachikulire, ma tarantulas ang'onoang'ono amakhala ndi mitundu yambiri yazitsulo.

Umu ndi momwe ana a kangaude wa tarantula amawonekera

Pakadali pano, akangaude awa ndi omwe amakonda kwambiri anthu ambiri.

Ngati mwapeza cholakwika, chonde sankhani gawo ndikusindikiza Ctrl + Lowani.

Kufuna kudziwa chilichonse

Akangaude akulu amakakhala munthawi ya ma dinosaurs ndiye kuti kukula kwawo sichinali chinthu chodabwitsa. Koma za nthawi yathu ino, ngakhale pano mutha kukumana ndi akangaude, ngakhale kwa anthu ambiri omwe mumawadziwa kungachititse mantha kapena kusirira.

Komanso, tikambirana za akangaude awa - tarantula goliath kapena chifanizo cha Blond. Ndiye yemwe ali m'gulu la akangaude akulu kwambiri padziko lapansi, popeza kutalika kwa thupi lake m'miyendo imatha kufikira masentimita 28!

Chidani choopsa choterechi ndicofala kwambiri m'nkhalango zotentha za maiko ena aku South America, monga kumpoto kwa Brazil, Guyana ndi Venezuela. Imapezeka nthawi zambiri m'malo a chithaphwi.

Thupi la kangaude limakhala ndi zigawo za cephalothoracic komanso m'mimba. Maso ndi miyendo isanu ndi itatu imapanga cephalothorax ya kangaude. Chiwalo cham'mimba, mtima ndi majini amalowa m'mimba. Dongosolo la mawonedwe limadutsa thupi lonse la kangaude. Chipinda cha mazira chimakhala kumimba kwa akazi.

Ngakhale kangaudeyu alibe kuwona bwino, amatha kuwona mumdima. Monga tarantulas yonse, goliath ndi carnivore. Kukhala mwakachetechete mwakachetechete, amabisalira mnzake, kenako kumuukira pogwiritsa ntchito ma fang.

Ngakhale kangaudeyu amatchedwa tarantula, samadyetsa mbalame. Ndi kuti nthawi yoyamba kangaude adawonedwa pomwe amadya ndi mbalame. Ma Vertebrates ndi ma invertebrates monga mbewa, abuluzi, njoka zazing'ono, kafadala, agulugufe ndi chakudya chachikulu cha goliath.

Akuluakulu (okhwima) amawerengedwa kuti ndi oyimira a Goliath tarantula, omwe ali ndi zaka zitatu. Nthawi zina atakwatirana, wamkazi amadya "wokondedwa" wake. Goliyati ali ndi mbali zakuthwa mbali ziwiri zamiyendo, zomwe zimateteza kwa mkazi. Amuna amakhala pafupifupi pafupifupi zaka 6. Zaka za akazi zimatha kufikira zaka 14.

Yaikazi imayikira mazira 200 mpaka 400, omwe amadzitsekera kwa miyezi iwiri. Akazi akangaude akabadwa, mayi wa kangaude amawasamalira kwa milungu ingapo, pambuyo pake amakhala moyo wodziyimira pawokha.

Goliyati tarantula amasiyanitsidwa ndi mikhalidwe yankhanza. Poopa zoopsa, amatulutsa chimbudzi chifukwa chakukwiya kwa miyendo yake. Mafangayi, omwe ali masentimita angapo kutalika kwake, komanso villi yoyaka, amateteza. Mafangawa ndi poyizoni, koma osati oopsa kwambiri poyerekeza ndi ena oimira poyizoni a tizilombo.

Malo othawirako kwa akangaude awa ndi makhomalo akuya, omwe kale anali ngati nyumba yopangira timiyala tating'ono, mpaka atakumana ndi mwiniwake wapano. Khomo lolowera kubowo limatetezedwa ndi kampanda, kuchokera mkati mwa makhoma onse mkati mwake mulinso khoma. Zachikazi zimakhala moyo wawo wonse kuno; zimapita usiku wokhawokha kukasaka komanso nthawi yakukhwima. Kuchoka kunyumba nthawi yayitali sikuli m'malamulo awo. Nthawi zambiri akangaude amasaka pafupi ndipo amakokera nyama zawo.

Kuphatikiza pa kukula kwa pakati pa amuna ndi akazi, palinso kusiyana kwinanso. Amuna amakhala ndi mbedza zazing'ono pamiyendo yawo yakutsogolo, yomwe amadzisunga ndi chelicera yayikazi yayitali pakukula, kupulumutsa moyo wake motere. Mitundu ya akangaude awa nthawi zambiri imakhala yofiirira, ndipo tsitsi lofiirira limawoneka m'miyendo. Chifukwa cha tsitsi zambiri izi, zomwe zimaphimbanso thupi lonse, akangaude awa amatchedwa "nthabwala".

Koma izi sizakongoletsa konse, koma njira imodzi yotetezedwa ndi alendo osadukizidwa. Chowonadi ndi chakuti, kamodzi pakhungu, m'mapapo kapena mucous nembanemba mkamwa ndi mphuno, tsitsili limayambitsa mkwiyo. Kuti "chida" chikwaniritse cholinga chake, akangaude omwe ali ndi mayendedwe akuthwa a miyendo yawo yakumbuyo amachotsa tsitsi lawo pamimba yawo kuloza mdani. Kuphatikiza apo, amagwira ntchito ngati gawo lakukhudza kangaude. Tsitsi limatenga kaphokoso kakang'ono kwambiri padziko lapansi ndi mlengalenga. Koma amawona ofooka.

Kwa nthawi yayitali anthu amakhulupirira kuti poyizoni wa goliath tarantula ndi woopsa ndipo nthawi zambiri amabweretsa imfa, koma zidapezeka kuti izi sizili choncho. Kuluma kwa kangaude kungayerekezeredwe ndi kuluma kwa njuchi. Pali chotupa chaching'ono, chomwe chimaphatikizidwa ndi zowawa zambiri. Ngakhale kuti odwala omwe amadwala matendawa amadwala, kuluma kwake kungakhale koopsa.

Ululu wa kangaude umapangitsa kuti mantha azikhala ndi mphamvu pang'onopang'ono, mwachitsanzo, achule, njoka zazing'ono, tizilombo, makoswe, abuluzi ndi nyama zina zazing'ono. Wovutitsidwa pambuyo pakuluma samatha kuyenda.

Kuti adye, tarantulas amapaka jekeseni wamkati m'thupi la "nkhomaliro", yomwe imaphwanya minofu yofewa ndikulola kangaude kuyamwa madzi ndi kudya nyama yofewa ya womenyedwayo.

Chosangalatsa ndichakuti tarantula samadya mbalame. Eya, zikadakhala kuti sizingachitike kawirikawiri, iye akapeza mwana wankhuku yemwe watuluka m'chisa. Kangaudeyu adapeza dzina lake kuthokoza katswiri wodziwa zamagetsi ku Germany ndi wojambula Maria Sibille Merian, yemwe adapanga zoyambirira zake. Pa iwo, kangaudeyo amadya mbalame yaying'ono yolira. Kuchokera apa adamupatsa dzina "tarantula". Kafotokozedwe ka kangaude wa tarantula kameneka ndi kaini wa entomologist Latreil (1804).

Mwina chidziwitso chotsatirachi chingaoneke ngati chosawoneka bwino kwa inu, koma pakati pa akangaude awa ndiwopatsa komanso osati achikulire okha, komanso mazira a akangaude amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Zotsatira zake, kuchuluka kwa nyamazi m'malo awo achilengedwe kukuchepa.

Munthuyu amachita zinthu mwankhanza kwambiri ndipo sakonda kunyongedwa. Ndipo ngakhale poyizoni wa Goliyati alibe poizoni, ambiri aiwo amawonekera.
Ngati mungatero tarantula goliath, pamenepo malo omwe akukhalamo sadzawoneka ngati mbale ndi dothi, koma monga malo okhala nyama yofunika kwambiri. Malo ogwiritsira ntchito kangaude uyenera kusankhidwa kwambiri.
Terrarium ikhoza kukhala yonse pulasitiki ndi galasi, yopingasa. Mavoliyumu akuyenera kukhala okwanira 25-25 malita ndi chivindikiro chotseka. Chophimba chikufunika kuti chiweto chanu chisamaganize mwadzidzidzi kuyenda kunja kwa malo. Akangaude azisungidwa padera chifukwa cha chibadwa chawo.
Kwa zinyalala, sphagnum, coniferous utuchi, vermiculite amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Njira yabwino yothetsera mavutowa ndi kusankha gawo la coconut loposa masentimita 5 ngati zinyalala. kuti nyamayo izitha kupanga makeke ake, chipolopolo cha kokonati kapena kachinthu kakang'ono kakang'ono ziyenera kuyikidwa mu terarium.
Ulamuliro wa kutentha kwa zinthu zabwinobwino uyenera kukhala wofanana ndi 22-26C, koma amaleza modekha kutentha mpaka 15C. Chachikulu ndikuti matenthedwe sayenera kukhala otsika kwambiri kuti kangaude wadyedwa. Pankhaniyi, pali kuthekera kwakukulu kwa kuyambika kwa zakudya zomwe zitha m'mimba mwa kangaude. Chinyezi chikuyenera kukhala chokwera - 75-85%. Ngati chinyezi sichikwanira, pakhoza kukhala vuto ndi kusungunuka kwazinyama. Kuti mukhale chinyezi, ikani mbale yothira ndikumapopera mafuta nthawi zonse. Pereka mpweya wabwino, izi zimateteza kangaude ku matenda oyamba ndi fungus.

Njira yodyetserayi imatha kupitilira tsiku limodzi. Zakudya za kangaude wa goliath ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono. Akuluakulu amatha kuthana ndi achule, mbewa.
Pafupipafupi kudyetsa akangaude achichepere kawiri pa sabata, achikulire amadya nthawi 1 pa sabata, imodzi ndi theka. Palibenso chifukwa chodyetsa ana ang'onoang'ono ndi tizilombo tambiri, i.e. zotere zitha kupitilira theka la m'mimba. Izi zimatha kubweretsa nkhawa komanso chifukwa chokana zakudya.

Nthawi yayitali kwambiri yomwe kangaude wa goliath amatha popanda chakudya ndi miyezi 6. Koma mwachilengedwe, simuyenera kuyeserera chiweto chanu.

Nthawi yovuta kwambiri pamoyo wa kangaude ndiyosungunuka. Pakadali pano, musawakhudze ndi kuwapangitsa kukhala amantha. Mukamayungunuka, giyati ya tarantula ndi akangaude ena amayenda pang'ono, osadya chilichonse. Kutha kwa kusungunuka kumatengera msinkhu wa nyama. Achichepere amalimba pafupipafupi, koma akuluakulu omwe amakhala ndi miyezi iwiri kapena chaka chimodzi.

Chosangalatsa ndichakuti ukonde wa akangaude a tarantula sakhala msampha kwa omwe akuvutikawo, monga oimira ena amtunduwu, ma tarantulas ndi asaka enieni, amasaka ndikuukira nyama. Ma tarantulas amadikira nyama yawo kuti abisalirepo ndi kudumphira pamenepo. Chithunzichi, komanso utoto wawo, zapangitsa kuti anthu akumaloko azitcha kuti buluzi wa tarantulas "tiger".