Ndani sadziwa nsomba zodabwitsazi komanso zoseketsa - zotuluka. Amawoneka ngati koloko-pang'ono. Aliyense amene amadziwa bwino nsomba zamtunduwu ayenera kuti anaganizira mbiri ya kapangidwe ka thupi lake. Ndinkakondanso ndi izi. Zowona, atakula kale. Ndipo izi ndi zomwe ndidapeza pophunzira zambiri zokhuza thupi. Pali malingaliro awiri okamveka kuti chifukwa chiyani nsomba zamtunduwu zimachita phokoso.

Malinga ndi wasayansi, zonse ndizosavuta apa. Flounder ndi lathyathyathya chifukwa limakhala pansi. Ndipo ili pansi, chifukwa nsombayo ilibe vuto. Zomwe, mothandizidwa ndi mpweya zimakweza thupi la nsomba. Kupsyinjika kwamadzi kunachita mwanjira yoti kapangidwe ka phirilo kasinthe. Ngati thupi lonyamuka linali wamba, silikanatha kupirira matani amadzi pamwamba pamutu pake. Ndipo ziwalo za nsomba zimangokulitsidwa ndi kukakamizidwa. Popewa izi, nsomba zimasangalatsidwa ndi chisinthiko.

Komabe, akatswiri a sayansi ya zakuthambo sagwirizana ndi lingaliro ili. Mafunso awo ndi othandiza. Zomwe zidachitika bwanji kuti chowongolera chidali pansi. Zowonadi, malinga ndi zotsatira za zofukufuku, zidapezeka kuti asanayambe kupanga chimafanana ndi nsomba ina iliyonse. Popeza anali pansi.

Akatswiri ofufuza zinthu zakale amati chosinthira pansi chinasintha kapangidwe kake kuti kakhale kosavuta kosaka komanso kosabisalira. M'mbuyomu, flounder anali ndi mawonekedwe ena. Monga mwachangu nsomba zimatsimikizira. Amapangidwa ngati abale - hering'i ndi ma trout. Pambuyo pake, mwachangu amayamba kumva metamorphosis. Pakusintha, si nsomba zonse zomwe zimangokhala.

Flounder - nsomba zodya nyama yokhala ndi mano akuthwa. Amatha kupera kukhala ndi iwo. Komanso, chowuluka sichosangalatsa kudya ndi nsomba zazing'ono. Kuti athandize kusaka, nsomba zimakankhira pansi. Pang'onopang'ono, chisinthiko chinayamba kugwira ntchito, ndipo thupi la chozungulira linasandukira chikondamoyo. Diso lachiwiri la wolusa limasunthira koyamba. Kuti mutha kuwona zowononga zanu.

Kuphatikiza apo, wopota amaphunzira kusintha mtundu wa masikelo ake. Izi zimamuthandizanso kuti azitha kusintha kusintha kwa mitundu ya pansi. Tizilombo ta tezi timene timapangitsa kuti khungu lizikongoletsa likhale m'diso. Ngati angafune, chowolowacho chimatha kukhala chosawoneka kwa womenyedwayo.

Flounder mwachangu imamira pansi, chifukwa cha dongosolo lapadera. Mwa njira, nsomba zoseketsa izi zopanda zipsepse. Mwa zopanda pake, chopanda pake chinatayika. Koma khungu lake limakhala lolimba komanso lolimba. Popeza akuyenera kuteteza nsomba nthawi yayitali pansi. Miyala ing'onoing'ono yaying'ono imapweteketsa chowalacho.

Kutengera ndi malingaliro omwe akatswiri ofufuza za sayansi anapanga, chozungulira chimapita pansi kukapeza chakudya. Nsomba zambiri zimakhala pamwamba kwambiri. Ndipo kangaude wamadzi, nyongolotsi, shrimp, ndi ena okhala pansi amapita kumalo owononga anyani.

Flounder posodza

Flounder - nsomba ndiokwera mtengo kwambiri. Chifukwa chovuta momwe amachotsedwera. Kuphatikiza apo, nsomba zosalala zimatulutsa bwino. Pakutuluka, founder amaikira mazira osachepera mazana asanu. Ndipo chiwerengero cha ana a nsomba chimafika pa 10 miliyoni. Kubereketsa kotereku kukufotokozedwa ndi gawo la nsomba metamorphosis, pomwe gawo laling'ono chabe la mwachangu limakhalapo.

Mitundu yoyera ya nsomba

Nsomba zoyera zomwe zimakhala munyanja zimakhala ndi mtundu woyera. Komabe, zimasiyana:

maonekedwe (osazungulira, ozungulira), mwa banja linalake.

Zansomba zazikopa zikuphatikiza:

chopingacho tilapia halibut halibut.

Nsomba zozungulira ndizophatikiza:

mbali ya haddock kuthyolako pod pollock milozo chingwe cha burbot mzere wofiyira

Nsomba yotere imakhala ndi mawonekedwe oyamba kwambiri chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake.

Mafupa akulu, opatuka kuchokera kumbuyo, amawoneka ngati mawonekedwe amizeremizere yolowera mbali zonse za mgawo.

Nsomba zansomba zimatha kukula mpaka kukula kwakukulu, mpaka kutalika mpaka 2 metres.

Fulonda

Mitundu yoposa makumi atatu yamalimwe imadziwika. Thupi la nsomba ndi lathyathyathya mbali zonse ziwiri. Maso ali kumtunda kwake, ali ndi mtundu wowala. Pali chowuluka chomwe chili mu Black, Azov, Bering, Okhotsk, Nyanja ya Mediterranean, mu Atlantic Ocean.

Nsomba zimatha kupezeka pafupi ndi tsiku lomwe. Flounder imayamba kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, ikukwera mpaka mamita 150. Kulemera kwa munthu wofunda wamkulu kumafikira mpaka makilogalamu atatu.

Kuchulukitsa kwa anthu kwatsika pang'ono m'nyanja zonse, chifukwa kugwidwa kukuchitika. Flounder - nsomba yokoma kwambiri, ikufunika kwambiri.

Halibut kapena m'madzi

Halibut imapezeka munyanja ya Atlantic, m'madzi ozizira a Pacific Ocean - mu Nyanja ya Okhotsk, Nyanja ya Barents. Pali mitundu ingapo ya halibut:

wamba, wakuda, muvi waku Asia, wokhala ndi mivi.

Nsomba iyi ndi nyama yolusa, idya pa cod, siyimanyansidwa ndi flounder, pollock, ma mollus osiyanasiyana. A Halibut ali ndi zaka 30. Nsomba zokoma, zamalonda zamtunduwu zimagwidwa zochuluka.

Tilapia

Tilapia amatanthauza nsomba zamchere zomwe zimakhala pafupi ndi pansi. Amakhala m'malo osungirako zotentha, zokhudzana ndi chakudya ndizosavomerezeka, zimadyera nyama zambiri zomwe zimakhala m'malo osungirako.

Tilapia amakula bwino m'malo osungira nyama ku Asia, Africa, North America. Nyama ya nsomba zoyera imakhala ndi kukoma kwabwino kwambiri, imakhala ndi mafuta ochepa, mapuloteni ambiri. Tilapia ali ndi dzina lina - "mabass achifumu", omwe amayenera kudya nyama yokoma.

Cod

Banja la ma cod lagawidwa m'magulu angapo, ena omwe amatalika mpaka mita 1.7. Pali mitundu yocheperako yomwe kutalika kwake ndi kosakwana mita. Kukhazikika kwa cod ndizomwe zili kumpoto kwa Atlantic, Pacific Ocean.

Izi ndi nsomba zamalonda zomwe zimabala kwambiri. Amayenda m'matumba.

Zofunika kwambiri ndizoyimira zaka 3-7. Mwa ichi, amayamba kulimba, mpaka 10 kg. Mitundu ina ya cod imatha kukhalako mpaka zaka zana limodzi.

Zofunikira kwambiri mwa nsomba izi zimawonedwa ngati cod wakuda, wokutidwa ndi masikelo amtundu wachitsulo.

Nelma

Ili ndi nsomba yamadzi oyera ndi nyama yoyera, yomwe thupi lake limaphimbidwa ndi mamba okongola a siliva. Zimakhala za nsomba zazikulu, zotalika mita imodzi ndi theka, kulemera kwake kumatha kufika 50 kg. Nelma ndi wadyera, amasaka nsomba yaying'ono (vendace, smelt).

Nelma imayamba ndi kubwera kwa masiku oyamba yophukira. Ndiwokhazikika, imeza mazira 400,000.

Haddock

Izi ndi nsomba zamtengo wapatali zamalonda, zomwe zimagwidwa zochuluka (zoposa mamiliyoni 500 miliyoni pachaka). Kukhazikika kwa malo okhala ndi doko la Atlantic, Arctic Ocean.

Kulemera kwakukulu kwa haddock ndi 15 kg, munthu aliyense payekha akhoza kukula mpaka 20-30 kg. Pamutu wamdambo mutha kuwona malo owondera akuda, kutengera komwe nsomba zimatha kusiyanitsidwa mosavuta ndi mitundu ina ya nsomba.

Akatswiri amati kuwafotokozera kumapangitsa kuti abale akewo azikapeza mosavuta. Nyama ya Haddock ndiyoponda, chifukwa cha izi akatswiri azakudya makamaka amalimbikira kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Palibe zosokoneza pakupezeka kwa nsomba izi ku malo ogulitsira.

Burbot

Ma burbot oyera oyenda mumtsinje amawoneka ofanana ndi amphaka, chifukwa anthu osazindikira nthawi zambiri amawasokoneza. Burbot, monga wachibale wake wapamtima, wakhala nthawi yayitali m'madzi atsopano aku Europe ndi Asia.

Kuti mukhale ndi moyo wabwino, burbot imafunikira madzi ozizira, kutentha kwake osapitirira +25 degrees. Izi ndi nsomba zam'munsi. Ngati nyengo yotentha imakhala yotentha m'malo osungiramo mvula ikakwera kuposa momwe zimakhalira, burbot imafuna kupulumutsidwa pansi pa nkhono, m'maenje. Burbot - wolusa, amagona masana, amapita kukasaka usiku.

Asodzi odziwa za nsomba amadziwa za izi chifukwa chake nsomba usiku. Kuti mugwire burbot muyenera nyali, nyambo, zida zapansi pogwiritsa ntchito nyambo za nyama.

Ichi ndikuyimira nsomba za nsomba zam'kati, kuti akhale ndi moyo wamtendere ayenera madzi amchere, osazama kwambiri. Kutalika kwake kwa hake kumakhala masentimita 40-50. Nthawi zambiri pamakhala zochepa zomwe zimakula mpaka mita imodzi ndi theka.

Nyama ya nsomba iyi imakoma modabwitsa, chifukwa ndiyofunikira kwambiri pakati pa nsomba zamkati. Anthu omwe amadya zakudya zam'madzi amamulemekeza kwambiri, popeza nyama yodumphayi ili ndi mavitamini okwanira.

Mikwingwirima yamikwama

Nsomba zoyera zam'madzi zikutanthauza kusodza. Malo omwe amakhala ndi Nyanja ya Atlantic, Nyanja ya Azov. Kuti mutulutse mitsitsi, pamafunika kutentha pang'ono kwa madzi. Usodzi wa nyama yolusa umakonda kwambiri osewera asodzi, chifukwa pamafunika maphunziro apadera.

Milozo yopota ndi nsomba yopusitsa yokhala ndi chikhalidwe chosasinthika. Imayenda molunjika m'mphepete mwa madzi, chifukwa kuwedza kwake ndi njira yapadera yodziwira. Mipira yayikulu kwambiri yomwe imagwidwapo inali yolemera bwino - 37 makilogalamu.

Mkwiyo

Izi nsomba ali ndi Dzina lina ndi European anglerfish. Kukhazikika komwe kumayambira kumadzi kuli Nyanja ya Atlantic, Black, Barents. Nsomba iyi imamira pansi mwakuya kwambiri - mpaka 200 mita, ndikuyenda pang'ono.

Monkfish imatha kukula mpaka kukula. Nsombayo idalandira dzinali chifukwa cha mutu wawukulu wokonzedwa, womwe ndi kutalika kawiri thupi.

Chakudya cha monkfish ndi nsomba zochepa. Maonekedwe a European angler siosasangalatsa, koma amayamikiridwa chifukwa cha nyama yabwino kwambiri.

Kodi usodzi umachitika bwanji?

Nsomba zoyera, zomwe zimafunikira madzi amchere kuti zizikhala bwino, zimakonda kutentha pang'ono, zakhala ndi madziwe amtundu wa kumpoto kwa kumpoto. Atatha kuwedza, nsomba zimasamalidwa pomwepo.

Imata matumbo, pansi pa kuzizira kwambiri. Gwirani nsomba pamsika wamafuta, kuchuluka kwake kumabwezeretsedwa mwachangu. Pazifukwa izi, kuletsa kugwira nsomba zoyera sikunayambike.

Lawani zakudya zabwino za nsomba zoyera

Nsomba zoyera zimayamikiridwa chifukwa cha kukoma kwake kwabwino. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwanjira iliyonse - yophika, yokazinga, yowuma, yowuma, etc.

Mitundu yambiri ya nsomba zoyera imawerengedwa ngati chakudya chabwino kwambiri, chifukwa ndi amtundu wa konda.

Nutritionists amalimbikitsa kuphatikiza nawo muzakudya zoyenera, zamagulu oyenera. Pali nsomba zoyera zambiri - hering'i, mackerel, halibut, catfish.

Kuphika nsomba zoyera

Mwanjira iliyonse, nsomba zoyera zimadziwika kuti ndi chakudya chabwino kwambiri. Koma pali malingaliro angapo pamachitidwe okonzekera, omwe amatsimikiziridwa ndi zomwe akhala akudziwa kale. Chifukwa chake, halibut, dorado, cod ndioyenera mwachangu, kapena grill.

Nyama ya nsomba iyi ndi yotanuka, yolimba, siyikung'ambika ndi njira zophikira izi.

Mwanawankhosa wouma amakhalabe kwa nthawi yayitali. Anthu ambiri amauma nsomba zoyera komanso zowuma, izi zimawathandiza kupulumuka nyengo yozizira yakumpoto.

Sizachabe kuti nsomba imatchedwa "golide woyera wam'nyanja";