Asayansi afotokoza chifukwa chomwe asodzi amawaukira anthu * Zomera

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Washington, Juni 19. Chaka chilichonse, anthu ambiri padziko lonse lapansi amadzaukiridwa. Asayansi adaganiza zofufuza zomwe zimayambitsa khalidweli. Pazowonera, zidapezeka kuti United States imatsogolera kuchuluka kwa akufa ndi kuvulala kwa nyama zam'madzi.

Akatswiri ofufuza zinthu zachilengedwe anati kupanikizika kumapangitsa anthu kukhala ndi nkhawa. Chifukwa chake, nyama zolusa zimateteza madera awo. Kwa zaka 10 zapitazi, ziwonetsero 409 za nkhonya zapamadzi zojambulidwa ku America zidalembedwa ku America. Nthawi zambiri milandu iyi idachitika ku Hawaii ndi Florida, lipoti la Svopi.

Malowa ndi odziwika kwambiri kwa asodzi chifukwa nthawi zonse alendo amabwera. Akatswiri amayang'anira ntchito yomwe amadya. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti palibe chomwe chasintha m'makhalidwe awo. Mwacionekele, kuchuluka kwa alendo kumawadzetsa nkhawa, zomwe zawonjezereka.

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Kodi nchifukwa ninji nsomba za shaki zimachitika kwa anthu?

Ma Ichthyologists amapereka zifukwa zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimapangitsa shaki kuti izigwira anthu. Nthawi zina ngakhale mafotokozedwe anzeru amayitanidwa. Chifukwa chake, imodzi mwazinthu zoyambirira zomwe sizigwirizana ndi chithunzi chazomwe zinali kukuwukira kwakukulu kwa alendo obwera ku gombe la Atlantic ku United States mu 1916.

Kenako Nkhondo Yoyamba Yapadziko lonse inali itangoyandikira, ndipo anauzidwa kuti asodzi angataye zakudya zawo zofunikira: zinyalala za chakudya kuchokera ku zombo zapamadzi (makamaka zombo zonyamula anthu), zomwe zidayamba zochepa chifukwa cha sitima zapamadzi zaku Germany.

Mtundu wachiwiri ndi woti asodzi azolowera kudya oyenda panyanja, ndiye chifukwa chake amakopeka ndi nyama ya anthu.

Ndipo choyambirira kwambiri ndikuti "chaka chansomba" chafika, olusa adabzala ngati mbewa kapena akalulu, motero alibe chakudya.

Zowukira ku New Jersey zidasiya pomwepo pamene wozunza aliyense wa milandu isanu yomwe idapha anthu anayi adagwidwa ndikuphedwa.

Izi zidapereka chikonzero kunena kuti pakati pa achinsombawa pali mtundu wina wa omwe amapha seri.

Mtunduwu umasangalalabe ndi chithandizo. Nthawi yomweyo, akukhulupirira kuti zoyambitsa kuukira kwa anthu zimatha kukhala mtundu wamtundu wa vagabond omwe samamangidwa kudera linalake komanso kudya kosalekeza.

Onerani kanema - Kuukira kwa Shark pa anthu:

Mwa zina mwazifukwa zomwe zimatchulidwa kuti asodzi agwidwa ndi shaki, makamaka kupezeka kwa magazi m'madzi. Milandu yambiri yalembedwa momwe inali yovulala mwatsopano, yodulidwa kapena yosusuka yomwe inadzakhala choyambitsa mkwiyo wa wolusa.

Shaki ali ndi fungo labwino kwambiri, ndipo amasuntha mwachangu, nthawi yomweyo amagwira tizinthu tating'onoting'ono ta magazi tomwe timasungunuka mumtsinje wamadzi.

Mwacionekele, ndi chifukwa ichi pomwe milandu yovuta kwambiri ya achinsomba imalumikizana, pomwe makumi ambiri, ndipo nthawi zina ngakhale mazana oyendetsa chombo omwe adagwera m'madzi, adakhala ovutitsidwa.

Shaki zazikulu zikuukira anthu

Kututa kowopsa kwambiri kunasonkhanitsidwa ndi asodzi mkati mwa Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse, pamene nkhondo yayikulu pakati pa ma sitimayi idachitika, kuphatikizanso nyanja zam'malo otentha.

Mwachitsanzo, chifukwa cha kuwukira kwa torpedo, zoyendera zazikulu za Cape San Juan zidapita pansi, pomwe panali anthu 1429 panthawiyo. Oyendetsa sitima ochokera ku sitima ya Edwin Meridit atabwera kudzapulumutsa, nyanja yonse inali itadzaza ndi akambuku.

Otsatira adathamangira anthu omwe adakwezedwa kale mchombocho pazingwe, ndikadumphira m'mabwato ndi pamatayala, ndikuponyera omwe adawagwira m'madzi. Zotsatira zake, anthu 448 okha ndi omwe adapulumuka.

Inde, sikuti akufa onse adadyedwa ndi asodzi, wina adamwalira kale, kuchokera kuphulika kwa torpedo, kapena kumizidwa. Koma, komabe, nkhani ya ogwidwa achinsomba mwachindunji pamilandu imeneyi sikhala ochepera mazana angapo.

Mwinanso vuto lalikulu kwambiri panyanja lotchedwa shaki lidachitika m'chilimwe cha 1945, pamene ndege yaku Japan idakwera boti lankhondo laku America lotchedwa Indianapolis.

Mwa omwe adapulumuka chombo chitasweka, pafupifupi 800 adatsala. Komabe, atatha masiku 4 kunyanja, 316 okha adatsala.

Phwando lamwazi wa asodzi masiku ano mpaka nthawi zonse linapita pansi mu mbiri ya Navy ngati tsoka lowopsa.

Komanso, kufa kwa anthu ambiri kuchokera kumakaka a shark kudawonekeranso pamavuto ena am'madzi. M'mphepete mwa South Africa, kuyenda kwina, Nova Scotia, kutha.

Opulumutsa omwe adafika m'mawa wotsatira adapeza mitembo yambiri yokhala ndi miyendo yolumidwa, yomwe idasungidwa pamadzi paphiri la nyanjayi chifukwa cha moyo wopanda tanthauzo.

Onerani kanema - Shark adapha alendo:

Zimayambitsa kukwiya kwa nyama zolusa

Mwazi umakopa zilombo m'madzi osaya, kutali ndi gombe. Mitundu yambiri ya amphaka imasaka nsomba pakuya kosachepera pafupifupi mita 1-2. Komanso, ngati madzi ali ndi mitambo, ndiye kuti shaki imatha kusokoneza mapazi a wometa kapena msodzi yemwe wayimitsa lamba wake ndi nyama yake yanthawi zonse.

Pafupifupi 30% ya milandu yonse yofufuzidwa yomwe idachitika mwa anthu omwe anali m'madzi osaya. Panali zinthu zambiri zakupha, ngakhale, mwanjira iyi, pamakhala mwayi wambiri wopulumuka kuposa munyanja kapena ngakhale mikono zana kapena iwiri kuchokera pagombe.

Ziwopsezo zonse zisanu zomwe zili pamwambapa ku New Jersey zidachitika pamalo ozama kwambiri, ndipo zitatu mwa izo - mdera laling'ono lam'mphepete mwa nyanja.

Pinyanja ndi malo odyera zimagwera agulu osiyanasiyana. Uwu ndi mchenga woyipa kwambiri, woyera kwambiri, komanso wopanda wowopsa, ndipo ngakhale ungaganizidwe nthawi zambiri wopanda vuto lililonse wabwinobwino.

Zachidziwikire, gawo lina lachiwopsezo limatchedwa "kukwiya". Koma, apa ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa kuti shaki imatha kuukira, makamaka, nthawi zonse.

Ndikosavuta kunena china chake motsimikiza. Mwachitsanzo, nkhani yokhudza kugwedeza kwa kachidole wa munthu imadziwika. Zinachitika mu 2009 pagombe la California.

Makulidwe wamba amtunduwu saposa mita imodzi. Komabe, shark wocheperako uyu adayambitsa kuukira kwa katswiri wazodziwika bwino.

Awonerani kanema - Angelo a Shark akuwukira angapo:

Mutha kuwerengetsa kuti asodzi sakonda nyama ya munthu, ndipo chovuta kwambiri, akakuluma kamodzi ndi kumulavulira nthawi yomweyo.

Koma, choyambirira, ngati mugwidwa ndi chinsomba chachikulu choyera kapena kambuku, ndiye kuti kulumidwa kumodzi kungakhale kokwanira pazomwe zingaphe.

Ndipo chachiwiri, mkati mwamimba za asodzi munapezeka mafupa a anthu, ndi mbali za zovala, mabatani, ndi nsapato. Ngati shaki imalavula nyama, ndiye bwanji ikuyesa kugaya nsapato?

Mulimonse momwe zingakhalire, zikuluzikulu zoyera, akambuku komanso abambo a ng'ombe nthawi zambiri zimawomba anthu. Nthawi yomweyo, nyama zodya nyani zimasiyanitsidwa ndi chakudya.

White nthawi zambiri imasaka zisindikizo ndipo zimasokoneza munthu (makamaka pa surfboard) ndi zikhomo.

Asodzi akagwidwa, nthawi zambiri shaki imasankha munthu amene akufuna kuti achite ndi kuitsata, osasamala osambira ena apafupi.

Mu Disembala 1992, anthu angapo ochokera ku kalabu yoponyera zida yakomweko anali pagombe ku California.

Shaki itatha mmodzi wa tchuthi, mwana wazaka 17, anyamata aja adamuthandiza, atagwira kamera yakale yagalimoto pagombe. Anayamba kukokera womuyendetsa uja kuti amubaye pafupi naye, ndikumunyamula pa kamera ndikuthandizira mutu wake pamwamba pamadzi.

Nthawi yomweyo, shaki imagwira ovulaza kangapo, koma osakumana ndi wina aliyense.

Tsoka ilo, kuyesayesa konse kwa opulumutsa kunali kopanda pake - mnyamatayo adamwalira panjira yopita kukabaya. Shaki inamuvulaza mabala anayi akulu, ndikumulanda nyama m'chiuno ndi matako.

Onerani kanema - Kuukira kwa shark wa cannibal pa munthu:

Zinthu zazikulu zomwe zimapangitsa shaki kukhala wankhanza

Pazonse, titha kunena kuti pali malamulo, ndipo kuchokera mu lirilonse la malamulo awa pamakhala kupatula (nthawi zambiri kambiri).
Timawalemba mwachidule.

Shaki zimawukira pakakhala magazi m'madzi. Ili ndiye lamulo lotsimikizika.

Komanso, ngati pali magazi ochulukirapo, ndiye kuti olusa amatha kulephera ndipo amatha kugonja.

Shaki nthawi zambiri amaukira anthu osatetezeka, owopa, osasinthika. Opulumutsa enanso ali pachiwopsezo.

Nthawi zambiri, mavuto amachitika m'madzi amatope, m'madzi osaya, m'mawa kwambiri kapena madzulo (anthu ochepa amangosamba usiku), kutentha kwamadzi osachepera 18 Celsius.

Komabe, malamulowa siamtheradi ayi. Mwachitsanzo, mlandu womwe wafotokozedwa pamwambapa ku California unachitika mu Disembala, pomwe madzi anali ozizira kwambiri kuposa kutentha kwazomwe "shark".

Chifukwa chake, njira yolimba kwambiri yodzitchinjiriza kuti isagwidwe ndi shaki sikuyenera kusambira m'madzi amenewo momwe nyama zowopsa izi zimapezera ndalama.

Ziwerengero

Chaka	Chiwopsezo chonse	Kuukira Kwadzaoneni
Ziwerengero zapadziko lonse lapansi zakuwombera kuyambira 2000
2000	95	17
2001	90	5
2002	86	9
2003	88	6
2004	88	11
2005	96	8
2006	97	8
2007	103	4
2008	108	10
2009	101	8
2010	94	8
2011	118	15
2012	115	9
2013	91	13

University of Florida Museum of Natural History imati anthu amafa chifukwa chogwidwa ndi shaki ndi ochepa poyerekeza ndi kufa pazifukwa zina zomwe nthawi zambiri zimawoneka kuti sizowopsa: mwachitsanzo, m'mphepete mwa nyanja ku U.S, anthu pafupifupi 38 amafa chifukwa cha kuwombedwa kwa mphezi chaka chilichonse.

Akuyerekeza kuti mwayi wa munthu wogwidwa ndi shaki (kwa iwo omwe amapita kunyanja) ndi wani 1 mwa 11.5 miliyoni, ndipo mwayi wakufa chifukwa chowaukira ndi m'modzi mwa 264.1 miliyoni. Chiwerengero chazaka zonse cha anthu omwe amira ku United States ndi 3,306, ndipo 1 wamwalira ndi shaki. Poyerekeza, anthu amapha shaki miliyoni miliyoni chaka chilichonse.

Zolinga zophunzirira kuukira kwa shaki

Chimodzi mwazolinga zophunzirira kuukira ndikukulitsa kumvetsetsa kwathu dziko la shark ndi machitidwe awo. Kumvetsetsa zifukwa komanso zomwe zimachitika kuti asodzi amenyane ndi munthu zimapangitsa kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa ngozi zotere. Zambiri zomwe zimachitika pakubwera kwa asodzi zimafufuzidwa, amakhala kuti amaphunzira bwino momwe amagwirira ntchito ndi zochita zawo. Ngozi yeniyeni kwa anthu ndi ochepa mwa mitundu yawo. Koma pakadali pano chaka chilichonse munthu amapha shaki miliyoni. Nyama zam'madzi zofunikira kwambiri, zomwe zimagwira ntchito yofunika kuti nyanja zikhale zamtendere, zikuwonongeka. Kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa asodzi oyera omwe amayang'anira kuchuluka kwa zisindikizo ndi mikango yam'nyanja imawerengedwa kuti ndi chimodzi mwazifukwa zomwe zingachepetse kuchuluka kwa nsomba m'mphepete mwa California ndi Oregon. Mafotokozedwe otupa a milandu yapafupipafupi ya kugwidwa kwa shaki, komanso kusewera kwa owongolera ndi olemba pa mantha oyambira anthu, kudalimbikitsa anthu onse ndi mantha osaneneka. Chifukwa chake, kafukufuku wopanda tsankho amafunikira kuti afotokoze zenizeni zenizeni ndikuwunikira anthu akuwombera mozama.

Mitundu yowopsa kwambiri

Mosiyana ndi zomwe ambiri amakhulupirira, mitundu yochepa yokha ya a shark ndiowopsa kwa anthu. Mwa mitundu yopitilira 360, mitundu inayi yokha ndi yomwe idawonedwa mwa kugwidwa kosavomerezeka kwa anthu omwe adafa: yoyera, nyalugwe, chothothoka komanso nsapato zazitali. Komabe, ngakhale abwenzi am'madzi awa atha kuukira anthu, mwambiri sakhala aukali ndipo pali zithunzi ndi makanema ambiri omwe amatengedwa ndi anthu osatetezeka m'madzi otseguka. Mwachitsanzo, filimu yaku France ya Jacques Perrin Nyanja ili ndi mafelemu pomwe munthu amasambira pafupi ndi shaki.

Mitundu yowopsa komanso yankhanza masiku ano imaganiziridwa, osathandizidwa ndi media ndi makanema, Carcharodon carcharias — Shaki yoyera. Kwazaka zoposa chitukuko, mtunduwu wapeza zinthu zingapo zomwe zapangitsa kuti ikhale msodzi wogwira ntchito panyanja. Ma ampoules a ku Lorenzini omwe ali pankhope amatha kutulutsa mphamvu zamagetsi mpaka ma 0.005 millivolts, ndipo kununkhira kowopsa kwambiri kumapangitsa kuti muzindikire kuchuluka kwa magazi m'madzi kwakutali kwa ma kilomita 5. Shaki imakhala ndi kubisala kwachilengedwe kuti itsate ndikugwira munthu - yemwe ndiwowoneka pansipa komanso wamdima pamwambapa, yemwe amalola kuti lisaonekeke kuchokera pamadzi mpaka mphindi yomaliza. Mphamvu, kuthamanga ndi mizere ingapo ya mano akuthwa osasiya nsomba zamphaka - kwa nsomba zazing'onoting'ono ndi zoweta zazing'ono zam'madzi, palibe mwayi. Malinga ndi zomwe asayansi apeza, nthawi zambiri shaki yoyera imaba msanga kuchokera pansi, ikuluma kwambiri ndikuyamba kuluma mwamphamvu, kenako ndikumenyedwa, kenako ndikusambira kupita kumbali kuti isawonongeke kwa woziteteza ndikuiyilitsa kufooka, ndikukhetsa magazi. Pakuwukira koyamba, shaki yoyera imakonda kuvulala.

Milandu yokuukira Carcharhinus leucas — shaki wosakongola - zimachitika pafupipafupi kuposa ziwerengero zamalamulo. Cholinga chachikulu cha izi ndikuti imagawidwa pagombe la mayiko achitatu mdziko lapansi, kum'mawa ndi kumadzulo kwa Africa, India ndi malo ena kumene ogwidwa ndi shaki nthawi zambiri samalemba. Makulidwe akulu, aukali, okhala m'mphepete mwa nyanja okhala ndi anthu ambiri, akuwonekera m'madzi oyera ndi kuya kosaya - zonsezi zimayambitsa ngozi kwa anthu koposa kuchokera kwa shaki yoyera kapena mbewa. Kuphatikiza apo, shark shark siivuta kwambiri kuzindikira kuti ndi choyera kapena chinsomba, chifukwa chake ambiri atha kukhalanso "osadziwika mtundu". Kwa nthawi yoyamba, kuopsa kwa mtunduwu kwa anthu kunayamba kuganiziridwa mozama pambuyo pa kuwonjezeka koyipa kozunza 5 mu 1916 ku New Jersey.

Galeocerdo cuvier — Akambuku amphaka - imatenga malo achiwiri pazakuwukira anthu. Itha kupezeka pafupipafupi, m'mphepete mwa nyanja, makungwa amphepete mwa chisumbu pafupi kwambiri ndi gombe. Popeza malo okhalamo amtunduwu komanso kuchuluka kwaomwe amasambira tsiku lililonse, osambira ndi osefukira mwa iwo, kuthekera kwa kuukira (komwe kumachitika pafupifupi 3-4 pachaka) kumatha kutchedwa kosakonzekera. Komabe, izi sizimalepheretsa kunena kuti mtundu wa tiger ndi imodzi mwa mitundu yowopsa kwambiri. Ngakhale kuti imachedwa pang'ono, buluzi wam'madzi ndi imodzi mwamphamvu kwambiri pakusambira, ndipo ikagundana imathamanga, chifukwa imayandikira pafupi ndi womenyedwayo, kotero kuti wotsirizayo alibe mwayi wochoka. Asanagwire chinthu chosadziwika, shaki imayamba kuzungulirazungulira ndikudziwombera kumaso kuti ichulikenso. Komabe, nyamayi imadziwika kuti imadya mosasamala, ndipo ikagwidwa, shaki imayesetsa kuthamangitsa nyama yake, nthawi zambiri m'mimba mwawo mumapeza zinthu zingapo zosagwirizana. Chifukwa cha izi, nthawi zina amatchedwa kuti wonyamula zinyalala zam'nyanja.

Mosiyana ndi mitundu itatu yomwe yatchulidwa pamwambapa, ambiri amatsutsa nsapato zazitali zamapiko (Carcharhinus longimanus) osalembetsa. Malinga ndi ziwerengero zamakono, shaki wamtali wamtali nthawi zambiri samawombera mosatulutsa. Koma nthawi imodzimodzi, zovuta zingapo zamtunduwu zimadziwika, makamaka pa Nkhondo Yoyamba Yadziko Lonse ndi Yachiwiri. Mbawala zazitali zam'madzi zam'madzi zimakhala kwambiri kunyanja ndipo sizimawonekeranso kumayiko ena - komwe nthawi zambiri anthu amatsutsidwa.Pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse, zombo zambiri, zombo ndi ndege zidakumana ndi tsoka panyanja yayikulu, ndipo shaki yayitali-yayitali, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwake panthawiyo, nthawi zambiri inali yoyamba kukhala pamalopo. Chitsanzo choopsa cha kuwombedwa kwa shaki yayitali-mapiko ndi zomwe zinachitika pambuyo pa kumira kwa Novembara 28, 1942 ndi sitima yapamadzi yaku Germany U-177 ya sitima yonyamula "Nova Scotia" mdera la South Africa. Mwa anthu 1000, 192 okha ndi omwe adapulumuka, ndipo gawo lowoneka laimfa lidadziwika chifukwa cha shaki yayitali. Chitsanzo china ndikufotokopa kwa Indianapolis yaku Indianapolis pa Julayi 30, 1945, pambuyo pake anthu osachepera 60-80 adazunzidwa ndi shaki yayitali. Malinga ndi ena mwa omwe adapulumuka, asodzi a tiger nawonso adawonedwa pa ngoziyi.

Milandu yakuwombedwa mosasinthika ndi mitundu ina ya asodzi imadziwika, koma nthawi zambiri imatha muimfa ya munthu. Izi ndi: mako shark, nsomba za hammer, Galapagos, imvi zakuda, ndimu, silika ndi buluu wabuluu. Asodzi awa ndi adani olusa komanso amphamvu omwe kuwukira kwawo kungangokhala pamalo olakwika panthawi yolakwika. Komabe, amaonedwa kuti ndiowopsa kwa osambira komanso osiyanasiyana. Pali mitundu ina yambiri yomwe imagwiranso ntchito chaka chilichonse, yopanga mabala omwe angawononge moyo. Koma milandu ngati imeneyi imachitika mwina chifukwa chakulakalaka mwadala, kapena chifukwa chosadziwika bwino ndi shaki chifukwa cha madzi am'madzi, ndi zina zambiri.

Gulu

Asayansi azindikira mitundu ya otsutsa a shaki:

Anapereka chiwopsezo -munthu ukayamba kulumikizana ndi shaki. Anthu achidwi omwe samachita zinthu mosamala nthawi zambiri amakhala ovutitsidwa.
Osavulaza:

Lulani kamodzi. Nthawi zambiri zimapezeka mdera lomwe magombe amasaka nsomba. Ndi madzi amatope, ma nthochi pamwamba pa nyanja kapena chingwe champhamvu, shaki imatha kutenga molakwika munthu wosunthira chakudya chake chofala - nsomba kapena zisindikizo. Shaki imagwira, nthawi yomweyo imatulutsa nsagwayo ndipo nthawi yomweyo imasambira. Mapazi kapena miyendo imakhala yowonongeka, koma nthawi zambiri kuluma kumeneku sikofunikira kwambiri ndipo kawirikawiri kumabweretsa kufa. Pankhaniyi, omwe amapezeka nthawi zambiri amakhala akuvutika: mikono kapena miyendo imapachika pamadzi kupita kumadzi.
Zowukira nthawi zambiri amapezeka m'malo ozama amadzi. Zikatero, shaki imawona nyama yakutsogolo patsogolo pake, ikunyamuka ndikuwonekera kutsogolo kwa wosambira kuja. Zotsatira zake zitha kukhala kuvulala kwambiri kapena kufa, makamaka ngati shaki ikupitilizabe kuukira.
Kuluma. Pachiwopsezo chotere, shaki imazungulira wozungulirayo, ndikumupweteka kumutu kapena thupi lonse pamaso pa aliyense kuluma. Monga kuukira modzidzimutsa, shaki imathanso kuukira. Kuvulala kwambiri kapena kufa kungakhalenso zotsatirapo za kuukiridwa kotere.

Zifukwa zakuwukira

Monga asaka obadwa mwachilengedwe, asodzi amakhala ndi chidwi atakumana ndi chinthu chachilendo mdera lawo. Wokhala ndi miyendo ndi zala zowala, amagwiritsa ntchito njira yokhayo yophunzirira chinthu - kuluma. Izi kuluma amadziwika kuti kafukufuku . Monga lamulo, ndikuwukira kotero, shaki imasambira pambuyo kuluma koyamba. Mwachitsanzo, kuukira kwa osefera nthawi zambiri kumawonedwa ngati kulumidwa, chifukwa choti shaki imatha kukhala yolakwika - mawonekedwe opangidwa ndi surfboard wokhala ndi mikono ndi miyendo yolumikizidwa kuchokera kwa iye ndizokumbutsa kwake momwe amagwirira ntchito kuyambira pansi - chisindikizo, mkango wanyanja kapena kamba. Komabe, "kafukufukuyu" amatha kumapeto kwa mavuto kwa anthu, makamaka ngati zimayambitsa mphamvu kwambiri ngati nsomba yoyala. Ngakhale kuti pali zina zomwe sizichitika kawirikawiri, amakhulupirira kuti asodzi samenya anthu kuti awadye. Anthu sakhala gwero la nyama yokhala ndi mafuta ambiri omwe asodzi amafunika kukwaniritsa zosowa zawo kuti akhale ndi mphamvu yayikulu kuti alamulire thupi lalikulu komanso lamphamvu. M'malo mwake, amasankha zisindikizo zamafuta ndi mikango yam'nyanja m'malo mwa munthu wokhala ndi bulu. Koma chifukwa cha kusawona bwino (mitundu ina) ndi madzi amatope, shaki amawona nyama izi m'madzi amtundu wa anthu zikuyandama pamwamba pa nyanja (makamaka pamafelesi). Kupanga koteroko, ngati sikutero, kenako ndikakukoka kwakanthawi pansi pamadzi, kumavulira.

Njira zokuukira

Nthawi zambiri, asodzi amayambitsa vuto limodzi, kenako kuyembekeza, kulola kuti wofa uja kapena adzipewe kaye asanadye kaye. Izi zimateteza shaki kuti isawonongeke kwa wovulazidwa komanso wogwira ntchito, koma nthawi yomweyo imapatsa anthu nthawi yotuluka m'madzi kuti akhale ndi moyo. Ziwalo zamagetsi zomwe zimawona magetsi ngati shaki, zomwe zimatchedwa Lorencini ampoules, zimatha kuzindikira zolimba zamagetsi zomwe zimapangidwa ndi minofu nthawi yopanga. Malinga ndi mtundu wina, zolumikizira shaki zamagetsi zimazindikira zoyipa zamagetsi zomwe zimayendetsa nsomba zovulazidwa ndikusodza kapena kuponya mkondo wa munthu, ndipo izi zitha kuchititsa munthu kudana kolakwika. Kuphatikiza apo, magetsi amagetsi amunthu akusamba amathanso kuonedwa ndi shaki ngati kuyenda kwa nyama yovulala, ndiko kuti, nyama yosavuta. Mtundu uliwonse wamtundu wa shaki zazikulu umayimira chiwopsezo chachikulu kapena chocheperako. Monga a Jacques-Yves Cousteau adanenera, "kupyola m'phompho, kwa nthawi yayitali, munthu wosaka magazi, wosawoneka wabwinobwino akadalipobe mpaka pano, popanda kufunikira kwa chisinthiko, wabwera kale wambanda, yemwe kale anali ndi zida zomenyera nkhondo kuti akhalepo." Shaki ndizowopsa kwambiri kwa asodzi oyandikira kumtunda, komabe palibe njira zabwino zowopsya osodza. Shaki imawopa akuwopsezedwa, komanso imakhala yowopsa ikakakamizidwa kudziteteza. Koma kuukira kwawo nthawi zambiri sikuyamba nthawi yomweyo - woyamba shaki amawerengera munthuyo, kusambira mozungulira, kenako ikhoza kutha ndikuwoneka mwadzidzidzi.

Kupeukira

Khalidwe la shaki nthawi zambiri limakhala losatheka kulosera Amatha kusambira popanda chidwi kwa nthawi yayitali, kenako nkuzunza osambira mwadzidzidzi. Kuukira kumeneku kungakhale kuluma kosavuta kapena kuwululira momveka bwino. Palibe njira yochotsera kwathunthu kuthekera kwa kugwidwa kwa shaki munthu ali m'madzi, koma njira zina zofunika kuziteteza kuti muchepetse ngozi:

Pewani madzi mbandakucha, nthawi yamadzulo kapena usiku - ndiye kuti, panthawi yomwe shaki nthawi zambiri imadya.
Pewani malo omwe shaki nthawi zambiri amapezeka: madzi amdima ndi makona oyambira.
Pewani magazi.
Tsatirani malangizo aopulumutsa.
Ndipo koposa zonse, khalani akutsogoleredwa ndi malingaliro wamba. Tikumbukire kuti nsomba zonse (ngakhale zomwe zimawoneka kuti ndizotetezeka) ndi nyama zakutchire, ndipo palibe amene anganene ndendende momwe zolengedwa zimakhalira. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira nthawi zonse kusamala kwambiri pamakhalidwe awo.

Kuteteza ku dolphin

Pali zochitika zambiri zolembedwa pomwe ma dolphin adapulumutsa munthu ku zinsomba, monga kuwukira anthu aku North California mu Ogasiti 2007. Zofanana ndi izi zidalembedwanso pagombe la New Zealand mu 2004. Monga lamulo, ma dolphin amapanga mphete mozungulira munthu wovulala. Komabe, ngakhale atachita kafukufuku zaka zambiri, kulibe kulongosola kotsimikizika kwa khalidweli.

Tiyeni titsegule ziwerengero

Ngakhale "ulemerero" wowopsa, palibe milandu yambiri ya shaki yomwe imakhudza anthu. Pafupifupi zaka 150-200 zamilandu zankhanza zojambulidwa padziko lonse lapansi, ndipo zimatha muimfa yaumunthu osaposa 5-10 milandu.

Anthu ali ndi mwayi waukulu wakufa pansi pa matayala agalimoto kuposa kufa ndi kulumwa kwa shaki. Komabe ,imfa mu ngozi zapamsewu ndizomwe zimadziwika m'mizinda ikuluikulu, ndipo vuto lililonse lankhaka likulandidwa limafalitsidwa kwambiri pawailesi.

Kuukira kwa Mass Shark

Mwa zina zoyipa kwambiri ndikuwopseza kwakukulu kwa masukulu akuluakulu achilombera apaulendo onyamula zombo. Ambiri aiwo amakhudzana ndi nthawi ya Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse, pomwe nkhondo zamphamvu zidamenyedwera kudutsa dziko lapansi, kuphatikizanso nyanja zam'malo otentha. Zowopsa kwambiri zidachitika kangapo.

Chifukwa chake, pakufa kwa sitima yaku Cape San Juan yomwe idawonongedwa ndi torpedo, anthu osapitilira mazana asanu adapulumutsidwa kwa anthu chikwi chimodzi ndi theka, chifukwa anthu adazunzidwa koopsa ndi asodzi ambiri. Nsomba zam'madzi, zokhala ndi magazi, sizimangoterera anthu akuyandama m'madzi, komanso maboti opulumutsa amoyo, kukankhira ozunzidwa munyanja. Zachitikanso chimodzimodzi ndi gulu la oyendetsa ndege la Indianapolis, pomwe asodzi anawononga mamembala oposa mazana asanu m'masiku anayi.

Komabe, ngakhale munthawi yamtendere, anthu oyendetsa zombo zonyamula katundu amatha kuzunzidwa kwambiri ndi shaki. Mwamwayi, izi ndizosowa kwambiri.

Kuukira kamodzi

Nthawi zambiri, osambira osungulumwa omwe amasambira kutali kupita kunyanja, kapena anthu omwe atayima m'madzi amatope m'madzi osaya, amamenyedwa. Pamapeto pake, asayansi amati asodzi amalakwitsa kupha miyendo yamunthu chifukwa cha nsomba zomwe amakonda kuzisaka. Pofufuza nyama, asodzi amatha kusambira pafupi ndi gombe komanso kusambira komwe kumachokera mitsinje. Wosodza kapena wasodzi yemwe wayimirira m'madzi nthawi zambiri samachita chidwi ndi nsombazo, koma ngati munthu wapanga chilonda chaching'ono pakhungu lake, kununkhira kwa magazi kumatha kukhumudwitsa wolungamayo ndikumukakamiza kuti aukire.

Chovuta kwambiri kwa anthu ndi asodzi oyera akulu; akambwe ndi akambuku owoneka ngati owopsa. Komabe, nthawi zina, pafupifupi mitundu yonse ya asaka imawombera anthu, ngakhale yomwe nthawi zambiri imawonedwa ngati yopanda vuto lililonse.

Akasankha nyama yoti agwiritse ntchito, shaki imawalondola, osalabadira anthu ena. Pomuthamangitsa, wolusa amatha kuukira bwato ngati wozunzidwayo wakwera. Nthawi zambiri, ngakhale kuluma kamodzi kumakhala kokwanira kuti munthu afe: munthu amafa chifukwa cha kupweteka komanso kutaya magazi kwambiri.

Zifukwa zakuwombera kwa shaki

Anthu samathandizira asodzi, ndipo pazifukwa zazikulu zazikulu, asayansi amasiyanitsa izi.

Ngozi. Shaki sakhala ndi maso akuthwa ndipo m'madzi amatope a m'mphepete mwa nyanja amatha kusokoneza anthu ndi nsomba, zomwe ndi zomwe amadya.
Fungo la magazi. Zoyenda nazo zimatha kununkhiza magazi a munthu yemwe angazunzidwe kutali ndi mtunda wa makilomita angapo. Ngati munthu wavulala magazi pakhungu lake, sayenera kusamba m'malo omwe shaki zimachitika.