Daman
Daman Bruce ( Heterohyrax brukii )
Gulu la asayansi

Daman (lat. Procaviidae) - banja lankhosa laling'ono, lolemera kwambiri, yekhayo amakhala mdalo madam (Hyracoidea). Muli mitundu isanu. Dzina lina ndi mafuta.

Amakhala ku Africa ndi Middle East. Chifukwa chakufanana ndi makoswe, katswiri wazachilengedwe waku Germany Gottlieb Stor mu 1780 adanenanso molakwika ponena za ubale wawo ndi nkhumba za ku Guinea ndipo adatinso Cape Damans ndi mtundu. Procavia (kuchokera lat. - "to-" ndi Cavia) Kenako ambuye adapeza dzina Hyrax (kuchokera ku Greek. .αὕρ - "shrew").

Kufotokozera Kwambiri

Izi ndi nyama za kukula kwa mphaka wapakhomo: kutalika kwa thupi kuyambira 30 mpaka 60-65 masentimita, kulemera kuchokera 1.5 mpaka 4.5 kg. Mchirawo ndi wamwano (1-3 cm) kapena kulibe. M'mawonekedwe, amamaani amafanana ndi makoswe - marmelota osawoneka bwino kapena nkhumba zazikulu zanthete -, koma ali pafupi kwambiri ndi sirens ndi proboscis.

Matupi awo ndi owonda, osasangalatsa, ali ndi mutu waukulu pakhosi lalifupi komanso miyendo yayifupi koma yolimba. Phokoso laling'ono ndi lalifupi. Makutu amazunguliridwa, ang'ono, nthawi zina amakhala obisika m'chovala. Zambiri zimasiya kuyenda. Zoyala zamtsogolo zokhala ndi zowombera zinayi zokhala ngati zibowolezo. Miyendo yakumaso ndi yopinda mikono itatu, chala chamkati chimanyamula msomali utaliitali, womwe umagwira ntchito kuphatikiza tsitsi, ndi zala zina - ziboda zopindika. Mapazi a mapaziwo ndi opanda kanthu, wokutidwa ndi mphira wofanana ndi khungu lopaka tinsito tambiri tinsalu tambiri totseguka pamaso pawo, komwe kumanyowetsa khungu. Gawo lapakati pa phazi lililonse la phazi limatha kukwezedwa ndi minofu yapadera, ndikupanga mtundu wa sucker. Khungu loyera limalimbitsa kuyamwa. Chifukwa cha zida zoterezi, asitimawo amatha kukwera m'matanthwe ndi mitengo ikuluikulu ya mitengo yokhala ndi kupendekera kwakukulu komanso kuthamanga ngakhale kutsika kuchokera pansi mozondoka.

Ubweya wa ma Daman ndiwowonda, wopangidwa mofewa pansi komanso wowuma. Mtundu nthawi zambiri umakhala wonyezimira. Magulu amtundu wautali wamtundu umakula pa thupi (makamaka pachifuwa chamaso ndi khosi). Pakati pa msana pali gawo la tsitsi lalitali, lakuthwa kapena lakuda kwambiri, pakatikati pake pali gawo lopanda kanthu. Pamaso pake, pamatuluka zala za m'munda wapadera - kumaso kwa masana a 7-8 lobes opangidwa ndi hypertrophic sebaceous ndi thukuta la thukuta - lotseguka. Chitsulo chimabisa chinsinsi chomwe chimanunkhira mwamphamvu panthawi yakuswana. Mwa atsikana achichepere, chitsulo sichimakwinitsidwa kapena kukhazikika bwino, mwa akazi sichochepa kuposa amuna. Mukachita mantha kapena kusangalala, tsitsi lophimba ndulu limadzuka. Cholinga chenicheni cha gland sichikudziwika.

Mano okhazikika mumadama akuluakulu 34, mkaka - 28. Chapamwamba kwambiri cha m'nsagwada chokhala ndi kukula kosalekeza, chokhala ndi malo ambiri ndipo chimafanana ndi makoswe amatsenga. Mafangayi akusowa. Ma molars ndi ma molars ali ofanana ndi mano a anthu osazindikira. Chigoba ndi nsagwada yayikulu kwambiri. Nipples: 1awiri ya thoracic ndi awiriawiri awiri a inguinal kapena 1 awiri a axillary ndi 1- - inguinal.

Moyo

Kugawidwa kum'mwera kwa Sahara ku Africa, komanso ku Sinai ndi Arabia Peninsulas, ku Syria ndi Israel. Anthu okhala ku Cape Dam amapezeka kumapiri a Libya ndi Algeria.

Oyimira kubadwa Procavia ndi Heterohyrax - nyama zodyera, zimakhala m'magulu a anthu 6060 okhala m'matanthwe owuma, m'malo a udzu komanso pamiyala, akukwera kumapiri mpaka pamtunda wa 4,500 m pamwamba pamadzi. Oimira mtundu Dendrohyrax - nyama zamnkhalango zausiku, zimakhala zokhazokha komanso m'mabanja. Madamu onse ndi ogwiritsa ntchito kwambiri, amatha kuthamanga mwachangu, kudumpha ndikukwera miyala ndi mitengo.

Masomphenya ndi kumva zimakulitsidwa bwino. Anthu aku Damaya amakhala ndi ophunzitsidwa bwino - usiku amadzisonkhana kuti adzilimbikitse, ndipo masana, monga zokwawa, amakhala pakanthawi yayitali. Nthawi yomweyo amakweza nsonga zamtambo zomwe zimapezeka thukuta la thukuta. Thukuta lotchuka kwambiri limathandiza madamu kukwera. Anthu aku Damayi amakhala osamala kwambiri ndipo, monga gopher waku Europe, pakuwona zoopsa, amalira mofuula kwambiri, kukakamiza gulu lonselo kubisalira m'misasa.

Herbivorous. Amamadya zakudya zam'mera, nthawi zina amadya tizilombo tokhala ndi mphutsi. Pofunafuna chakudya, amatha kupita ku 1-3 km. Samafunika madzi. Mosiyana ndi zitsamba zambiri zamtunduwu, azimayiwo alibe zomwe amapanga ndipo, akamadya, amadzithandiza okha ndi ma molars. Kutafuna chingamu, mosiyana ndi ma artiodactyl kapena kangaroo, sichitafuna, chakudyacho chimayimbidwa m'mimba zawo zovuta kuzisimba.

Zosintha zina pakubala mwina sizikupezeka. Mimba imatenga miyezi 7-7,5. Zachikazi zimabweretsa 1-3, nthawi zina mpaka ana 6, nthawi imodzi pachaka. Ng'ombe zimabadwa bwino, ndimaso otseguka, amatha kuthamanga. Pakatha milungu iwiri, amayamba kudya chakudya chomera.

Chiyambi cha Madamu

Mbiri yakomwe adayambira madamayi sichimamveka bwino. Zinthu zakale kwambiri zakale za azimayi ndi za Late Eocene. Kwa zaka mamiliyoni ambiri, makolo aku madamandala anali azitsamba akuluakulu ku Africa, mpaka mpikisano wa Miocene pamodzi ndi nkhokwe zidawachotsa ku zikhalidwe zachilengedwe zapitazo. Komabe, kwanthawi yayitali, anthu a ku Daman adakhala malo ambiri komanso ambiri, akukhala ku Africa, Asia ndi Southern Europe ku Pliocene.

Phylogenetically amakono amakono ali pafupi kwambiri ndi proboscis, pomwe ali ndi zofanana zambiri pakupanga mano, chigoba ndi placenta.

Pa chikhalidwe ndi chipembedzo

Pali lingaliro kuti "mavu" otchulidwa m'Baibulo, omwe mawu akuti "shafan" (Shafani - (Salemu) anali achinyamatawa. Kuchokera kutali, amafanana kwenikweni ndi akalulu akuluakulu. Kuchokera ku Chihebri, mawuwa adadutsa m'chinenedwe cha Afoinike, omwe molakwika akuganiza kuti cholakwika ndi Iberian Peninsula ya madanala, ndikupatsa dzikolo dzina I-Shafan-im - "Daman Island". Pambuyo pake kuchokera dzinali kunabwera Chilatini Chisipanishi ndi "Spain" amakono.

Ma Damans ndi amodzi mwa nyama zambiri zomwe nyama yake siyophika, ndiye kuti, zoletsedwa ndi Ayuda a Orthodox. Buku la Levitiko limalengeza nyama zodetsedwa za shafan (daman) pazifukwa kuti ngakhale amatafuna chingamu, ziboda zake sizikhala zopanda pake (ngakhale, polankhula mosapeneketsa, azimayi samatafuna chingamu, amakhala ndi chizolowezi chogudulira nsagwada zawo ngati zingwe, ndi zibwano zawo amafanana ndi ziboda). Mu Michela (Book of the Solomon Zithunzithunzi) mu fanizo 30 chaputala 26 - amanenedwanso za asitikali:

"26. Anthu achinawa ndi anthu ofooka, koma amayika nyumba yawo pathanthwe. ”

Mawonekedwe

Ziweto zazikulu za nyama yodzitchinjiriza: kutalika kwa thupi mkati mwa 30-65 masentimita ndi kulemera pafupifupi 1.5 makilogalamu. Gawo la mafuta a caudal ndi embryonic, osapitilira 3 cm, kapena kulibe kwathunthu. M'mawonekedwe, azimayiwo ali ofanana ndi makoswe - marmelots osawoneka bwino kapena nkhumba zazikulu zanthete, koma mwa chizindikiro cha phylogenetic choterezi chimayandikira kwambiri pa proboscis ndi sirens. Anthu aku Damayani amakhala ndi thupi lolimba, amakhala ndi mawonekedwe, mutu waukulu, komanso khosi lalifupi komanso lalifupi.

Zolembapo zake ndi zamtundu woyimilira, zolimba komanso zopangidwa bwino, zala zinayi ndi zala zazitali zotumphuka. Miyendo yakumbuyo ndi yamtundu wamiyendo itatu, ndi kukhalapo kwa chala chamkati kumakhala ndi msomali wautali komanso wopindika wothandizira tsitsi. Zidutswa zamiyendo ndizovala, zokhala ndi khungu loyera komanso labala komanso thukuta losiyanasiyana, lofunikira pakhungu nthawi zonse. Mbali iyi ya kapangidwe ka mawotchi imalola kuti azimayiwo akwere pansi matanthwe ndi mitengo yayikulu mwachangu komanso kuthamanga, komanso kupita pansi.

Izi ndizosangalatsa! Pakatikati pa msana pali malo oimiridwa ndi tsitsi lalitali, lophweka kapena lakuda lomwe lili ndi malo owonekera bwino komanso tinthu tambiri tomwe timatulutsa timene timatulutsa chinsinsi cha fungo lamphamvu kwambiri pakubala.

Chizindikiro ndichofupikitsa, chokhala ndi mlomo wapamwamba kwambiri. Makutu amazunguliridwa, ochepa kukula, nthawi zina pafupifupi obisika pansi pa tsitsi. Ubweya wake ndi wakuda, wopangidwa ndi zofewa komanso wowuma, wamtundu wakuda. Thupi, pamalo opaka phokoso ndi khosi, komanso pamwamba pa maso, pali mitolo yayitali.

Khalidwe ndi moyo

Banja la Damanov limakhala ndi mitundu inayi, yomwe imatsogolera masana, komanso banja - usiku. Oimira gulu la Procavia ndi Heterohyrax ndi zolengedwa zam'mana zomwe zimakhala m'madera omwe amakhala, kuphatikiza anthu asanu mpaka asanu ndi mmodzi. Nyama yamtchire usiku imatha kukhala yocheperako kapena kukhala pabanja. Madona onse amasiyanitsidwa ndi kuyenda komanso kuthekera kuthamanga, kulumpha kwambiri mokwanira ndikukwera mosavuta pafupifupi pamalo aliwonse.

Izi ndizosangalatsa! Onse oimira dera limodzi amayendera "chimbudzi" chimodzi, ndipo mkodzo wawo pamiyala umasiya mawonekedwe amtundu woyera.

Oimira banja la a Damanova amadziwika ndi kupezeka kwa masomphenya komanso kumva, koma kutulutsa bwino, motero, nyama zotere usiku zimayesa kuyanjana kuti zizitentha. Masana, zolengedwa zoyamwitsa pamodzi ndi zokwawa zimakonda kuphika dzuwa lalitali, kukweza miyendo ndi thukuta thukuta. Daman ndi nyama yochenjera kwambiri, yomwe ikazindikira ngozi, imalira kwambiri komanso mokweza, ndipo imakakamiza gulu lonse kuti likabisala pobisalira.

Amamayi angati amakhala

Kutalika kwa zaka zomwe munthu amakhala ndi moyo pakadutsa chilengedwe sichidutsa zaka khumi ndi zinayi, koma amatha kusiyanasiyana pang'ono kutengera malo ndi mitundu ya nyama. Mwachitsanzo, wamkulu wa ku Africa amakhala pafupifupi zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi kapena zisanu ndi ziwiri, ndipo omenyera ku Cape amatha kukhala ndi zaka khumi. Nthawi yomweyo, chikhalidwe chimakhazikitsidwa, malinga ndi momwe akazi amakhala nthawi yayitali kuposa amuna.

Mitundu ya Madamu

Posachedwa, banja la a Daman adalumikizana pafupifupi mitundu khumi mpaka khumi ndi imodzi yomwe inali ya mitundu inayi. Pakadali pano pali mitundu inayi yokha, nthawi zina mitundu isanu:

• Banja la Rosavidae limayimiridwa ndi D. arboreus kapena Tree Daman, D. dorsalis kapena Western Daman, D. halili kapena Eastern Daman, H. brucei kapena Bruce Daman, ndi Pr .resensis kapena Cape Daman,
• Banja la Plohyracidas limaphatikizapo genera zingapo - Kvabebihyrah, Рliоhyrах (Lertоdоn), komanso Рsіnz
• Family Genihyiday,
• Banja la Myohyracidae.

Amayi onse mchigawenga amagawika m'magulu atatu: zolengedwa zam'mapiri, mapiri ndi zolengedwa. Achinyamata ambiri amaimiridwa ndi banja limodzi, kuphatikiza pafupifupi mitundu isanu ndi inayi yomwe imakhala ku Africa, kuphatikiza mitengo ndi daman.

Habitat, malo okhala

Amayala am'mapiri ndi nyama zachikoloni zomwe zimagawidwa kum'mawa konse ndi ku South Africa, kuyambira kumwera chakum'mawa kwa Egypt, Ethiopia ndi Sudan kupita pakati mwa Angola ndi kumpoto kwa South Africa, kuphatikiza zigawo za Mpumalanga ndi Limpopo, komwe malo omwe amayimiridwa ndi mapiri amiyala, malo otsetsereka komanso mapiri.

Madamu a Cape ali ponseponse kuchokera kudera la Syria, North-East Africa ndi Israel kupita ku South Africa, ndipo pafupifupi kulikonse amapezeka kumwera kwa Sahara. Kuchuluka kwa mapiri kumawonekera kumapiri a Algeria ndi Libya.

Madamu a mitengo Kumadzulo amakhala m'malo okhala nkhalango kudera la South ndi Central Africa, ndipo amapezekanso m'malo otsetsereka kumapiri mpaka 4.5,000 mita kumtunda kwa nyanja. Madamu akumtunda akumwera ali ponseponse mu Africa, komanso m'mbali mwa Southeast Coast.

Kukhazikika kwa zinthu zamtunduwu kumafikira kum'mwera kuchokera ku Uganda ndi Kenya mpaka gawo la South Africa, komanso kuchokera kumadera a kum'mawa kwa Zambia ndi Congo, kumadzulo kwa gombe lakummawa. Nyamayi imakhazikika kumapiri komanso kumapiri am'mbali mwa nyanja.

Zakudya za Damana

Zomwe zimadyedwa ndi azimayi ambiri zimayimiriridwa ndi masamba. Komanso, zolengedwa zoterezi zimadya udzu ndi mphukira zazing'ono zazing'ono. Mimba yovuta kuzimeza yamtundu wotere wa herbivore imakhala ndi microflora yapadera yambiri, yomwe imathandizira kugaya chakudya chomera bwino komanso kosavuta.

Achimayi aku Cape nthawi zina amadya chakudya chochokera kuchinyama, makamaka tizilombo ta dzombe, komanso mphutsi zake. Cape Daman amatha kudya masamba okhala ndi zoopsa zokwanira popanda kuvulaza thanzi lake.

Izi ndizosangalatsa! Ma Damans ali ndi zotalikirapo kwambiri komanso zowala, zomwe sizigwiritsidwa ntchito pakudyetsa, komanso zimagwiritsa ntchito ngati njira yotetezera nyama yowopsya kwa adani ambiri.

Zakudya zodziwika bwino zomwe madamu kumapiri omwe amakhala m'mapaki amtundu wamtunduwu amaphatikizapo mitundu ya cordia (Sordia ovalis), grevia (Greviella), hibiscus (Hibiscus lunrifula), ficus (Fius) ndi Merua (Mayrua trihylla). Nyama zotere sizimamwa madzi, chifukwa chake zimapeza madzi onse ofunikira m'thupi kuzomera zokha.

Kubala ndi kubereka

Amayi ambiri amabala pafupifupi chaka chonse, koma nsonga ya kuswana nthawi zambiri imachitika m'zaka khumi zapitazi za nthawi yamvula. Mimba mu Cape Cape Daman yapitilira miyezi isanu ndi iwiri. Kutalika kochuluka chotere ndi mtundu wa kuyankha kwamasiku akale pamene zolengedwa zomwe zinali zazitali zinali zazikulu za tapir wamba.

Ana amasungidwa ndi achikazi pamalo otetezeka, otchedwa ana, omwe amakhala ndi udzu mosamala.. Dothi limodzi, monga lamulo, limakhala ndi ana asanu kapena asanu ndi mmodzi, omwe samapangika pang'ono kuposa ana amtundu wina wamanama. Ana a paphiri ndi mtengo wakumadzulo nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi ana amodzi kapena awiri akulu komanso opangidwa bwino.

Izi ndizosangalatsa! Amuna achichepere nthawi zonse amasiya mabanja awo, kenako amapanga gulu lawo, koma amatha kuphatikizanso ndi amuna ena m'magulu akuluakulu, ndipo akazi achichepere amalowa m'mabanja awo.

Pambuyo pobadwa, mwana aliyense amapatsidwa "nipple payekha", kotero mwana sangathe kudyetsa mkaka kuchokera kwa wina. Njira yoyeretsera imeneyi ndi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, koma ana ake amakhalabe m'mabanja mwawo mpaka atafika kutha, zomwe zimachitika mwa amayi mkati mwa chaka ndi theka. Masabata angapo pambuyo pobadwa, amayi achichepere amayamba kudya zakudya zamtundu wazikhalidwe.

Adani achilengedwe

Asitima a m'mapiri amasakidwa ndi njoka zikuluzikulu, kuphatikiza ndi mbalame zotchedwa hieroglyphic python, mbalame zodyedwa ndi nyalugwe, komanso nyama zazing'ono zomwe zimadya. Mwa zina, mtunduwu umatha kupezeka ndi chibayo cha etiology komanso chifuwa chachikulu, chikuvutika ndi nematode, utitiri, nsabwe ndi nkhupakupa. Adani akuluakulu a Damu la Cape ndi anyani ndi nyama zina, komanso ankhandwe ndi ziphuphu, mbalame zina zodya nyama, kuphatikizapo chiwombankhanga cha Kafra.

Chiwerengero cha anthu ndi mitundu

Kudera la Arabia ndi kum'mwera kwa Africa, amama agwidwa kuti apeze nyama yokoma komanso yopatsa thanzi yofanana ndi kalulu, yomwe imakhudza chiweto chonse cha nyama zonenepa zoterezi. Ovuta kwambiri pakadali pano ndi a nkhalango zam'mapiri, omwe kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe akudwala mitengo yamitengo yobiriwira ndi zochitika zina za anthu. Mwambiri, masiku ano kuchuluka kwa mitundu yonse ya amayi ndikokhazikika..

Zojambula ndi malo okhalako a daman

Daman mu chithunzi Chimafanana ndi bwalo, koma kufanana kumeneku ndi kwakunja chabe. Sayansi yatsimikizira kuti wachibale madam — njovu.

Ku Israel, kuli Cape Daman, yemwe dzina lake loyambirira linali "shafan", lomwe mu Russia limatanthawuza amene amabisala. Kutalika kwa thupi kumafika theka la mita ndi kulemera kwa 4 kg. Amuna ndi akulu kwambiri kuposa akazi.Thupi lam'mwamba la nyamayo ndi yofiirira, mbali yam'munsi ndiyopepuka. Tsitsi la daneli ndilakuda kwambiri, ndipo limakhala ndi mkanda wowonda.

Amuna okhwima mwakugonana amakhala ndi zolaula. Ikachita mantha kapena kusangalala, imatulutsa chinthu ndi fungo lamphamvu. Dera lammbuyo nthawi zambiri limapaka utoto.

Chimodzi mwazinthu mkulu wa nyama kapangidwe ka miyendo yake. Pamiyendo yakutsogolo ya chilombocho pali zala zinai, zomwe zimathera ndi zigwada.

Zovala izi zimafanana ndi misomali ya anthu kuposa nyama. Miyendo yakumbuyo yovekedwa korona ndi zala zitatu zokha, ziwiri zake ndizofanana kumiyendo yakutsogolo, ndi chala chimodzi chalikulu. Zida zam'miyendo ya nyamayi ndizosowa tsitsi, koma ndizodziwika chifukwa cha mawonekedwe apadera a minofu omwe amatha kukweza kwake kwa phazi.

Komanso phazi madamu nthawi zonse amatulutsa chinthu chomata. Kapangidwe kapadera ka minofu molumikizana ndi chinthuchi kumathandiza kuti nyamayo izitha kuyenda mosavuta m'matanthwe ndi kukwera mitengo yayitali kwambiri.

Bruce Daman wamanyazi kwambiri. Komabe, ngakhale izi, ali ndi chidwi kwambiri. Ndizodabwitsa kuti nthawi ndi nthawi zimakakamiza nyamazo kuti zizikhalamo. Daman - mayizomwe zimasinthidwa mosavuta ndikumva bwino mu ukapolo.

Gulani amayi ndizotheka m'masitolo apadera a ziweto. Kwakukulu, nyamazo zimakhala ku Africa ndi South Asia. Malo osungirako zachilengedwe a Ein Gedi amapatsa alendo ake mwayi wowonetsetsa momwe nyamazo zilili chilengedwe.

Mu chithunzi, Bruce Daman

Daman waku Mountain akufuna kukhala kumapeto, zipululu, mapiri. Chimodzi mwazomwezi ndi mitengo yamatabwa yomwe imapezeka m'nkhalango ndipo imakhala moyo wake wonse pamitengo, kupewa kutsika pansi.

Chakudya chopatsa thanzi

Nthawi zambiri, azimayi amakonda kukhutitsa njala ndi zakudya zamasamba. Koma ngati pali kachilombo kapena mphutsi zazing'ono zomwe zikuyenda, sizidzawanyansanso. Mwapadera, pofunafuna chakudya, mkuluyu amatha kuchoka pamtunda wamakilomita 1-3 kuchokera kumalirewo.

Monga lamulo, azimayi samva kufunika kwa madzi. Zoyambitsa nyama sizimapangidwa mokwanira, chifukwa chake amagwiritsa ntchito molars podyetsa. Daman ali ndi m'mimba yokhala ndi zipinda zambiri komanso mawonekedwe ovuta.

Nthawi zambiri, chakudya chimatengedwa m'mawa ndi madzulo. Maziko a chakudyacho sangakhale magawo obiriwira okha komanso mizu, zipatso, komanso mababu. Nyama zazing'ono izi zimadya kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri izi sizikhala vuto kwa iwo, chifukwa azimayi amakhala m'malo okhala mbewu.

Kubalana komanso kukhala ndi moyo wautali

Asayansi akuti nyama izi sizikhala ndi nyengo yobereka, kapena sizinadziwikebe. Ndiye kuti, ana amawonekera chaka chonse, koma osati kangapo ndi kholo limodzi. Yaikazi imabereka ana pafupifupi miyezi 7-8, nthawi zambiri kuchokera pa 1 mpaka 3 ana amphongo amabadwa.

Nthawi zina, chiwerengero chawo chimatha kufikira 6 - ndendende kuchuluka kwa amayi omwe ali nawo. Kufunika kwa kuyamwitsa kumatha patatha milungu iwiri chibadwire, ngakhale amayi amadya motalikirapo.

Ng'ombe zimabadwa mokwanira. Amawona nthawi yomweyo ndipo adakutidwa kale ndi ubweya wakuda, amatha kuyenda mwachangu. Pakatha milungu iwiri, amayamba kuyamwa payokha chakudya chomera. Ana amatha kubereka ali ndi zaka chimodzi ndi theka, ndiye kuti amunawo achoka pampandapo, ndipo akazi amakhala ndi mabanja awo.

Chiyembekezo chamoyo chimasiyanasiyana kutengera mitundu. Mwachitsanzo, amayi aku Africa amakhala ndi zaka 6-7, Cape Daman nditha kukhala ndi zaka 10. Nthawi yomweyo, zidawululidwa kuti zazikazi zimakhala nthawi yayitali kuposa zazimuna.

Gulu

Mpaka posachedwa, dongosolo la asitani lidakwana mitundu 10-11 ya 4 genera. Chaka chatha, kuchuluka kwa mitunduyi kunachepetsedwa mpaka 4:

• Gulu la Damana (lat. Hyracoidea )
  • Banja la Damana (lat. Procaviidae )
    • Jenda: Amapiri amatanda (lat. Dendrohyrax )
      • Southern Wood Daman (lat. Dendrohyrax arboreus )
      • Western Wood Daman (lat. Dendrohyrax dorsalis )
    • Jenda: Phiri (Grey) Daman (lat. Geterocxyrax )
      • Wotchedwa Wotchi Yofiirira kapena Phiri Lalikulu (Bruce Daman) (lat. Heterohyrax brukii )
    • Jenda: Procavia
      • Cape Daman (lat. Procavia capensis )

Onani zomwe "ma Damans" otanthauzira ena:

Mafuta onenepa (Hyracoidea), nyama zomwe zimayamwa mopanda dongosolo la anthu osakonda. Amadziwika kuchokera pansi. Oligocene waku Africa komanso wotsikirapo. pliopene waku Europe. Chifukwa thupi 30 60 cm, kulemera kuchokera 1.5 mpaka 4.5 kg. Zowonjezera. amawoneka ngati makoswe, koma phylogenetically, mwina ali pafupi ndi ... ... Biological Encyclopedic Dictionary

- (onenepa) kuchotsa zinyama zopanda ungwiro. Kunja amafanana ndi makoswe. Kutalika kwa thupi 30-60 masentimita, mchira 1 3 cm 11. mitundu 11, ku Near East ndi Africa (kupatula gawo lakumpoto). Amayi ena amakhala m'nkhalango pamitengo, ena m'mapiri, m'malo amiyala ... Big Encyclopedic Dictionary

Ma Damans - DAMANS, gulu la anyani. Awa ndi achinyengo, koma amawoneka ngati makoswe. Kutalika kwa thupi 30-60 cm, mchira 1 3 cm, kulemera mpaka 3 kg. Mitundu 7, ku Western Asia ndi Africa (kupatula gawo lakumpoto). Amama ena amakhala m'nkhalango (pamitengo), ena mu ... ... Illustrated Encyclopedic Dictionary

Dongosolo la zolengedwa zosapatula. Kunja amafanana ndi makoswe. Kutalika kwa thupi 30-60 cm, mchira 1 cm 3. Mitundu isanu ndi iwiri, ku Asia Minor ndi Africa (kupatula gawo lakumpoto). Amayi ena amakhala m'nkhalango zamitengo, ena m'mapiri, m'matanthwe. * * * DAMANS ... Dictionaryedic

madam - Cape Damans. Damans (Hyracoidea), gulu la anyama. Kutalika kwa thupi mpaka 60 (kusiyanitsa kwambiri kuchokera kunja), kulemera mpaka 4.5 kg. Misomali yoluka kumapeto kwake ndi zofanana ndi ziboda (m'miyendo yakumbuyo, chala chimodzi chimakhala ndi chibwano chachitali). 3 genera yokhala ndi ... ... Directory Directory "Africa"

Damanovye - banja la nyama zazing'ono, zolemera, zowetedwa, mitundu 4.

Banja lokhalo la gulu loyendetsa gulu Hyracoidea .

Amakhala ku Africa ndi Middle East.

Ngakhale mawonekedwe apakati oyendayenda amakono amakono, ali ndi chiyambi chakutali.

Ma Daman ndi abale apafupi kwambiri a njovu zamakono.