Oimira amtunduwu ali ndi mtundu wosiyana ndipo amatha kukhala ofiira, a maolivi, otuwa. Chofunika kwambiri cha utoto wa nsomba zamtunduwu ndizambiri zazing'ono komanso zozungulira zakuda, zofiirira, nthawi zina maonekedwe a maolivi. Kutalika kumayambira 10 mpaka 70 sentimita (kutengera mtundu). Nsombayo imakutidwa ndi zikopa zamfupa, ngati chipolopolo. Chishango chilichonse chimakhala ndi singano yolimba, yosunthira mafupa, kutalika kwake pafupifupi masentimita 5. Monga lamulo, amuna amakhala ndi zidutswa zazitali. Chodabwitsa ndi chakuti, alibe poizoni, ngakhale atha kuvulala kwambiri. Mchira wa nsomba umatchinjirizidwanso ndi ma spikes, nthawi zambiri amakhala awiri, koma akhoza kukhala ena.
Popumula, wokhala m'madzimo amasambira atavinikizana kolimba kwambiri. Pangozi, nsomba za urchin zamnyanja sizithawa, koma zimatupa, pogwiritsa ntchito m'mimba mwake zotanuka izi. Amawadzaza ndimadzi, ndipo ngati ndi kotheka - ndi mpweya, kuti asanduke mpira wosaopsa komanso wowopsa, womwe umakhala kangapo kukula kwake mwabwinobwino. Munthawi imeneyi, nsomba zamtundu wa hedgehog zimayandama pamwamba pamadzi ndikuyamba kukhala zovutirapo kwa adani. Koma si zokhazo. M'malo omenyera "hedgehog" pali chida china chomwe chingateteze. Pakachitika ngozi, imatulutsa ntchofu, womwe ndi woopsa kwambiri, chifukwa, wolakwayo akuyenera kubwerera.
Habitats, zakudya komanso kuswana
Mutha kukumana ndi "hedgehog" wachilendo uyu ku Indian, Atlantic ndi Pacific Oceans. Nsomba za Hedgehog zimatha kupezekanso munyanja zamchere komanso madzi abwino, koma mwina zimapezeka zambiri mu Nyanja Yofiila. Nthawi zambiri amakhala pafupi ndi miyala yamiyala, amakonda kudziyika m'munda wamchenga. Awa ndi anthu okhala usiku, choncho masana amabisala m'malo amdima. Nsomba za Hedgehog sizigwira ntchito ndipo sizisintha kuti zizitha kuthana nawo mwachangu;
Amadyanso nthambi za matanthwe, mafupa opatsa chidwi; Pokonzekera kubereka, wamkazi amaponyera mazira kumalo achilengedwe, mwachangu amawonekera pafupifupi masiku asanu. Amayandama pamwamba pamadzi, amasonkhana pagulu ndipo amagwira pagulu kufikira atakula. M'malo achilengedwe, mwachangu mumakhala adani ambiri. Mwachitsanzo, nsomba sizisamala kudya nsomba zazing'ono.
Chifukwa chiyani zili zowopsa?
Kuopsa kwa nsombayi ndizovuta kwambiri kudya. Mitundu yambiri ya "hedgehogs" imakhala ndi tetrodoxin - poyizoni wamphamvu wopanda puloteni wachilengedwe. Zimapangitsa kuti wokhala pansi pamadziwo akhale oopsa kwambiri kwa olusa omwe adayeserera kudya nsomba zodabwitsazi. Anthu amafunikanso kusamala kuti asalumikizane ndi urchin wa kunyanja, chifukwa tetrodoxin imakhala poizoni nthawi zingapo kuposa cyanide. Poizoni yemwe ali m'modzi mwa nsomba zotere ndi wokwanira kupha anthu opitilira 30. Tetrodoxin ikafika m'thupi, kukonzekera kumayamba. Choyipa chachikulu ndikusowa kwa mankhwala! Mutha kudetsedwa ndikungokhudza mkati mwa nsomba ndi chidutswa cha khungu losatetezeka.
Zojambula ndi malo okhala nsomba za hedgehog
Nsomba hedgehog - Woimira zachilendo kwambiri wazinyanja zam'madzi kuchokera ku banja la toot. Kutalika kwake kumayambira masentimita 30 mpaka 90. Mtundu wa masikelo ndi wopepuka komanso wofiirira, ndipo malo ambiri ozungulira ndi ang'onoang'ono abulauni kapena akuda amabalalika kumbuyo konse.
Hedgehog nsomba mu chithunzi Ili ndi mutu wozungulira, wosalala, mbalame zokhala ngati mlomo, nsagwada zamphamvu. Mano okhala ndi mawonekedwe a mbale zolimba, zophatikizika pachiwono ndi m'munsi, zimapereka chithunzi cha mano akulu anayi. Kufotokozera za nsomba za hedgehog sichingakhale chokwanira popanda kutchula katundu wake yemwe anachita chidwi kwambiri. Imakutidwa ndi zishango zamafupa oteteza, chilichonse chimakhala ndi milonga yolimba.
Izi singano ndi mafunde omwe amatha kusinthika. Amakhala mafoni ndipo amapanga "makatani amtambo" oteteza. Pali singano zosasunthika pamchira pamwambapa ndi pansi, zomwe zimatha kutalika masentimita asanu. Chimodzi mwa mawonekedwe a nsombayi ndi kupezeka kwa chikwama chapadera chomwe chimaphatikizika ndi pharynx, chomwe chimakonda kulowerera ndi mpweya pakagwa vuto kapena panthawi yosasangalatsa.
Mwanjira imeneyi, nsomba imadzipukusa, ndikukhala ngati mpira. Ndipo singano zosunthika zimayang'ana mbali zosiyanasiyana kuti zitha kuwopa ndikuwateteza kwa adani ndi adani. Ma hedgehogs enieni a nsomba amodzi mwa dongosolo la pufferfish. Ofukula za nyama amawerengera mitundu khumi ndi isanu ya nsomba za hedgehog. Amapezeka kunyanja zikuluzikulu za Pacific, Indian ndi Atlantic.
Mitundu yambiri imathawira kunyanja zamalo otentha, nthawi zina zimatengedwa ndi nyengo zamtunda zatsopano. Nthawi zambiri zimachitika kuti mothandizidwa ndi ma ebbs ndikuyenda, nsomba zimapezeka pagombe la kumpoto kwa Europe kapena ku nyanja ya Mediterranean. Makamaka nsomba za hedgehog – osavomerezeka okhalamo, koma mitundu ina imatha kupezeka pansi pa madzi abwino komanso abwino.
Chikhalidwe ndi moyo wa nsomba za hedgehog
Hedgehog nsomba imakhala ndi moyo pakati pa miyala yamakhola, pomwe nthawi zambiri imakhala yokhayokha. Amakhala ndi maso akuthwa ndipo amasaka usiku. Nthawi zambiri nsomba zimakonda kusambira ndi kutuluka, osasambira bwino. Khalidweli limamupangitsa kuti alephere kuthawa kwa adani. Koma mu zida zake zankhondo pali njira zina zodzitetezera.
Popumula, nsomba zimasambira zokhala ndi ma spikes osindikizidwa motsutsana ndi thupi. Kukhala ndi mawonekedwe awa, zitha kuwoneka ngati adani olusa kwambiri. Koma yemwe angabwere kuti amugwire sangapeze zokwanira .. barracudas ambiri atatha msonkhano wotere adapezeka kuti wamwalira. Ndipo asodzi akuyesera kuti ameza, nsomba za hedgehog nthawi zambiri zimakhala m'makhosi awo. Nsomba hedgehoginflates m'masekondi mpaka kukula kwa mpira.
Ndipo ma sentimita asanu amakhala ngati singano za porcupine. Kwa nyama iliyonse yomwe imameza nsomba ya hedgehog, imatsala pang'ono kufa, ndipo m'mero mwake mumabayidwa maingano pang'ono. Kwa adani, nsomba zimatetezedwa osati ndi singano. Akazindikira zoopsa, amatha kutulutsira ndulu yambiri m'madzi.
Ikapangidwa ndi asodzi limodzi ndi nsomba ina, imasiya chinthu chakupha, chomwe sichimatheka konse kuchotsa pa nsomba zina. Munthu akadya chinthu chofananacho, zimatumizira chakudya, nthawi zina zimatha. Kuphatikiza apo, nsomba za hedgehog palokha ndizoopsa. Omwe amasamala amatha kudwala jakisoni wowawa ndi singano za cholengedwa ichi.
Ambuye olamulira ku Japan amakwanitsa kuphika kuchokera nsomba za hedgehog - Zakudya zochokera ku Japan zomwe zimapezeka. Komabe, m'dziko lino lakummawa, pazala mumatha kuwerengera akatswiri omwe amatha kuchita izi ndikuwonetsetsa kwenikweni kwa matekinoloje onse.
Zakudya zoterezi ndizotchuka kwambiri, ndizokwera mtengo kwambiri ndipo zimatumikiridwa ku Japan pa tchuthi chachikulu. Ngakhale zowopsa zakupha, kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe akufuna kuyesa chakudya chotere ndi chachikulu, ndichifukwa chake amalonda ambiri amaweta nsomba za ma hedgehogs m'mafamu apadera.
Nyamazi zimasungidwanso ndi okonda nyama zosowa, kuziwasungira m'madzi akuluakulu am'madzi, omwe amadzazidwa ndi algae apadera pa izi. Nkhono ndi tinsomba tating'onoting'ono timayidwapo, komwe nsomba zamtundu wa hedgehog zimakondwera kusaka. Chovuta chachikulu cha eni nsomba ndi kususuka okwanira kwa zolengedwa izi. Ndipo ngati muyika oyandikana nawo, amatha kuluma zipsepse ndi zina zofunika.
Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti nsomba ya hedgehog imasowa madzi abwino am'madzi, omwe ayenera kusinthidwa pafupipafupi ndikuwunikira kuti ukhale waukhondo m'madzi. Kuyambira zolengedwa zadothi sizitha kuwona. Gulani nsomba za hedgehog ndizotheka m'masitolo a ziweto, m'malo osungirako ana ndi zotsatsa pa intaneti.
Kudya Hedgehog Fish
Nsomba za Hedgehog ndi za oimira nyama zam'madzi ndipo amakonda kudya zolengedwa zam'nyanja. Wokhala m'zipolopolo, amatha kutsata ma fizi a m'nsagwada za m'nthawi yayitali. Kuphatikiza apo, amadya chipolopolo ndi nyongolotsi zam'nyanja. Popeza akukhala m'matanthwe, amakonda kudya ma coral, omwe ndi mafupa am'miyala omwe amapanga miyala. Zolengedwa zimatha kudula zidutswa zawo ndikuziphwanya ndi maula oboola omwe amatha bwino m'malo mwa mano.
Matupi awo amangogaya mbali zokhazokha za mafupa amiyala. Ndipo zotsalira zosafunikira zimadziunjika m'mimba mumtundu wa ufa, komanso zochuluka kwambiri kotero kuti mkati mwa anthu ena nthawi zambiri amapeza theka la kilogalamu ya chinthu ichi. Koma zinyalala zochokera m'mafupa a coral zimachotsedwa pang'onopang'ono, kumasula thupi. Akasungidwa mobisa ku nazale kapena m'madzi, nsomba nthawi zambiri zimadyetsedwa ndi algae, feed feed ndi shrimp.
Kuswana ndi moyo wautali wa nsomba za hedgehog
Hedgehog nsomba imaberekanso mwanjira yachilendo. Amuna ndi akazi okhaokha amabisala mazira ndi mkaka wopanda madzi. Zambiri zotere zimangofa. Koma kuchokera ku ma cell majeremusi omwe adatha kuphatikiza pa umuna, caviar imapezeka, kuchokera pomwe mwachangu okhwima amawonekera.
Amabadwa otheka ndipo monga akulu, amatupa. Ali ku ukapolo, ma hedgehogs amatha kukhala ndi moyo mpaka zaka zinayi, ngakhale amafa nthawi zambiri m'malo achilengedwe, akuwopsezedwa ndi olusa ndikugwira anthu. Ma Sava okhala ku zilumba za Pacific, kuchokera pakhungu louma la zinthu zowoneka ngati singanozi amapanga zipewa zankhondo zochititsa chidwi.
M'madzi am'madzi aku Far East, nsomba zotere zimagwidwa zochuluka, ndipo zimapangidwa zikumbutso wa nsomba za hedgehog, komanso azikongoletsa khungu lawo ndi zinthu za m'nyumba, monga zopangira nyali za nyali. Kuchokera kuzilombo zongopeka zomwe zimapanga nyali zaku China komanso zoseketsa chodzaza nsomba za hedgehog, omwe mungagule muma shopu apamwamba kwambiri.
Chiyambidwe cha mafotokozedwe ndi mafotokozedwe
Nsomba zamtundu wa Hedgehog ndi gulu la nsomba zokhala ndi zowongolera za ray, dongosolo la pufferfish. Gululi lili ndi mabanja khumi, mwa omwe oimira ake ndi ma hedgehogs. Achibale apafupi kwambiri ndi pufferfish, nsomba za bokosi, triggerfish. Chifukwa cha luso lapadera loti liziloza thupi lake, nsomba ya hedgehog amatchedwa kuti nsomba ya mpira kapena nsomba zam'mimba. Nsomba za Hedgehog ndi za banja la Awiri-Toothed (Diodontidae), momwe mumapezeka mitundu 20.
Zodziwika bwino ndi izi:
- diode yayitali
- ma diode wamba (owoneka bwino),
- diode wakuda,
- pelagic diode.
Banja la nsomba za puffer lidatulukira zaka zoposa 40 miliyoni zapitazo. Mbali yodziwika bwino ya nsomba za hedgehog ndi kusapezeka kwa zipsepse zamkati, ndipo phala limakhala pafupi ndi mchira wa nsomba, pafupifupi pamlingo wofanana ndi anal fin. Mu nsomba ya hedgehog, mano amakhala ndi mbale ziwiri zolimba, zokumbutsa mawonekedwe a mulomo wa mbalame, momwe amatha kupera chakudya cholimba.
Kanema: Nsomba hedgehog
Chizindikiro china cha banjali ndi khungu lopindika lomwe limakhala pachikuto chilichonse. Nsomba za Hedgehog zimakhala ndi zipsepse zofowoka, ndiye ndizosambira za Mediocre. Amatha kukhala zilombo zokulirapo, koma njira yapadera yotitetezera idateteza moyo wawo.
Muyenera kudziwa! Ena mwa banja la Awiri-Tooth amwalira, popeza mkati mwake muli poizoni wakupha. Ndilamphamvu kwambiri kuti ngakhale kuphika kumakhalabe koopsa. Pachifukwachi, nsomba za hedgehog zikalowa mu ukonde wa asodzi, amakonda kuponya nsomba zonse.
Khalidwe
Hedgehog wautali wa singano amakonda kukhala pansi kwambiri, wokutidwa ndi algae sargasso, akusambira pang'onopang'ono pakati pa miyala ndi miyala yamtengo wapatali. Masana, nthawi zambiri amapuma, kubisala pamasamba ambiri kapena mumtunda wina.
Usiku, nsombayo imachoka kwawo ndikupita kukawedza. Amadyera makamaka ma coral polyp, maollus ndi ma crustaceans osiyanasiyana. Mothandizidwa ndi chikwangwani chokhala ngati mulomo, nsombayi imaphwanya zipolopolo ndi zipolopolo za omwe amazunzidwa, ndikung'amba nyama.
Mano amphamvu amachititsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kupera zipolopolo zamphamvu za clam ndi nthambi za coral.
Zipsepse za hedgehog ndizochepa, motero zimasambira pang'onopang'ono komanso momasuka. Komabe, amagwiritsa ntchito zoyendetsa bwino pang'ono. Nsomba imakhala ndi mpweya wapadera, wokhala ndi m'mimba komanso kutuluka kwapadera kwamatumbo ndipo imatha kudzaza ndi mpweya kapena madzi ngati pakufunika.
Pakakhala ngozi, imatupa, ndikusandulika mpira waukulu ndikusintha mtundu woteteza kukhala wowala komanso wowoneka wankhondo. Ma spik omwe amalumikizidwa zolimba ndi thupi nthawi yomweyo amakhala ndodo.
Nsomba zotupa sizimayenda payekha ndipo nthawi zambiri zimangoyenda m'madzi m'mimba mwake.
Nyamayi, yomwe ikufuna kudya nsomba ngati imeneyi, imayesedwa kuti iphedwe posakhalitsa chifukwa cha mafuta omwe amapaka pang'onopang'ono, motero alipo ochepa omwe akufuna kuyika moyo wawo pachiswe. Achangu okha, omwe amasiyanitsidwa ndi makina awo odabwitsa komanso amatha kudya pafupifupi chilichonse chomwe chimayenda mumadzi, amadya nsomba za hedgehog.
Maonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe ake
Chithunzi: nsomba za urchin zam'nyanja
Ndikofunika kuyimitsa payokha kuti mawonekedwe a nsomba ya hedgehog achulukane kukula ndikukhala mpira wothamanga. Pansi pa mmero pokha, nsomba imakhala ndi chikwama chapadera chomwe chili ndi makutu ambiri. Pakakhala ngozi, imameza madzi kapena mpweya pakangopita masekondi, ngati nsomba ili pamtunda, chikwamacho chimadzaza ndi madzi kapena mpweya, ndipo nsombayo imakhala yozungulira ngati mpira. Ndondomeko iyi imatha kuwonjezera nthawi zana ndikuyerekeza ndi miyeso yazonse.
Khungu la nsombalo limakhala ndi zigawo ziwiri: chakunja ndi chopyapyala komanso chopepuka, ndipo chamkati chimakulungidwa komanso cholimba. M'malo modekha, minga imapanikizidwa ndi thupi, ndipo zikafika zoopsa, khungu limatambalala ndipo chifukwa cha izi amawongola. Fry wazaka khumi ali ndi kuthekera kodziteteza panthawi yamavuto.
Kunja, nsomba zonse za hedgehog ndi zofanana, koma tikayerekezera masanjidwe am'banjali, pali kusiyana pakati pawo. Amasiyanitsidwa makamaka ndi kukula kwa akuluakulu komanso malo omwe mawanga ali ndi thupi.
Munthu wamkulu wa nsomba yayitali ya hedgehog amafika masentimita 50. The mwachangu pamimba amakhala ndi mawanga a bulauni omwe amasowa pamene nsomba ikukula. Mu nsomba zazikulu, pamimba pamakhala choyera, popanda mawanga. Zidutswa za kukula kwakukulu zimakhala pafupi ndi maso, kumbuyo ndi m'mbali. Mphesa za nsombazi zimawonekera pang'onopang'ono kapena pang'ono. Mtundu wa singano yayitali umatchedwa holocanthus; njira zamtunduwu nthawi zambiri zimasankhidwa kuti zisungidwe mu aquarium.
Ma diode owoneka bwino amakhalanso ndi singano zazitali, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zizioneka ngati nsomba ya miyendo yayitali. Amasiyana ndi wachibale wake chifukwa thupi ndi zipsepazo zimakutidwa ndi tating'ono ting'ono. Ngakhale pamimba, ngati mutayang'anitsitsa, mumatha kuwona malo osawonekera. Amakula mpaka masentimita 90. Diode yakuda yakuda imafika masentimita 65 kutalika. Zomwe zimasiyanitsa ndi ma subspecies awa ndi singano zazifupi, malo amdima okhala ndi malire oyera kuzungulira thupi, malo awiri akulu pa nkhope ya nsomba (pafupi ndi gill ndi pafupi ndi maso), zipsepse zamkati ndi ma anal zomwe zimakongoletsedwa ndi timadontho tating'ono.
Muyenera kudziwa! Nsomba zazitali, zamawanga, zamdima zakuda zimawoneka ngati zakupha. Khungu ndi chiwindi zimakhala ndi poizoni wamphamvu kuposa potaziyamu cyanide kangapo.
Wamng'ono kwambiri pabanja la hedgehog ndiye pelagic diode. Kutalika kwake, thupi lake limafika masentimita 28. Kumbuyo kwake ndi mbali zake zimakongoletsedwa ndi mawanga ang'onoang'ono omwe amakhala m'thupi lonselo. Zipsepazo zimawonetsedwa kumapeto, ndimtundu wawung'ono wakuda. Palibe umboni kuti pelagic diode ndi nsomba yapoizoni.
Zomwe mungasunge mu aquarium
Zomwe hedgehog ndizotsimikizika, zovuta kwambiri ndikupanga madzi opanda pake. Kuti nsomba ya hedgehog imve bwino, muyenera kutsatira zotsatirazi:
- Voliyumu ya Aquarium. Zimatengera chiwerengero cha anthu. Ma Hedgehogs amakhalanso ndi moyo wamtundu chabe. Tanki ya malita pafupifupi 50 ndi yokwanira munthu m'modzi.
- Magawo: kutentha kwa kutentha - pamtunda kuchokera + 18 ° С mpaka + 22 ° С, acidity - kuyambira 8.1 mpaka 8.4, mchere wamadzi - kuchokera ku 1.023 mpaka 1.025.
- Pansi - mchenga. Nsomba zimakonda kuyika m'mchenga.
- Kuvala. Ma aquarium akuyenera kukhala ndi zinthu zokongoletsera zomwe zimapereka malo odalirika - malo otayirira ndi ma grottoes (werengani zambiri zamomwe mungapangire grotto ndi manja anu), ma jug osiyanasiyana. Kuphatikiza apo, ma corals amafunikira chifukwa hedgehogs amakonda kusambira pakati pawo. Nsomba imatha kuumata ndikutukula zinthu zosiyanasiyana, zomwe zimalemera thupi koposa kupitirira 50. Chifukwa chake, zokongoletsera zonse ziyenera kukhazikika.
- Zomera - osati zofunikira. Mitundu ya mbewu zamasamba amasankha mwakufuna kwake.
- Kuwala - wapakati.
Mawonekedwe Amphamvu
Zakudya zachilengedwe. Kuthengo, hedgehog ndimwazonse. Koma mwa oimira mtunduwu, ndi okhawo omwe amaphatikiza ndi omwe amapezeka nthawi zambiri. Zokonda zam'madzi za nsomba zimadalira malo omwe zimakhala. Nthawi zambiri, chakudya, ma hedgehogs amafunafuna pansi. Amadya zitsamba, ma bollus, nyenyezi komanso carrion. Hedgehogs imamezanso mchenga pansi, pomwe tinthu tambiri timene timapezamo. Amakonda kudya ma korali.
Menyu ya Aquarium. Mu malo osungira, zakudya za ma hedgehogs ziyenera kukhala zoyenera, zimakhala ndi chakudya chomera komanso nyama. Chakudyacho chimapangidwira potengera mawonekedwe onse a nsomba zachilendo izi:
- Kuchokera ku zakudya zamasamba, zokonda zimaperekedwa ku dandelion, kaloti, letesi ndi kabichi. Zomera zonse zanyenthe ziyenera kuyamba kupaka ndi madzi otentha.
- Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti nthawi ndi nthawi kupereka chakudya kwa mafakitale. Muli mavitamini, ma macro- ndi ma microelements ambiri othandiza ma hedgehogs.
- Zakudya zoyambira nyama: nyongolotsi, shrimp, ma coral ndi ma mollus, crustaceans ndi invertebrates.
Hedgehog ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti ipereke zakudya zapamwamba, zopatsa thanzi komanso zosiyanasiyana.
Ngati nsomba imakhala m'madzi wamba, ndiye kuti zakudya zochepa zokha zomwe zingapulumutse moyo wa anansi ake.
Kodi nsomba za hedgehog zimakhala kuti?
Chithunzi: Prickly Hedgehog Fish
Oimira osiyanasiyana a banja la diode amakonda nyengo zam'malo otentha komanso zam'malo otentha.
Zitha kupezeka ku Pacific, Atlantic, Indian Oceans, monga:
- Chete - Gombe la kumwera kwa Japan, Hawaii,
- Atlantic - Bahamas, USA, Canada, Brazil,
- Indian - Nyanja Yofiyira, gombe la India ndi Australia.
Asodzi achikulire amakonda kumamatira m'matanthwe a coral, chifukwa amakhala malo ogona masana komanso monga chipinda chodyera usiku. Amatha kupezeka akuya mpaka mamita 100. Mosiyana, diode mwachangu amagwira pamadzi, kufunafuna pogona mu algae ndikupita pansi akakhwima.
Mwa mitundu yonse, mitengo yokha ya pelagic siinamangidwe kumalo ena ndipo imakonda kuyendayenda nthawi yayitali. Ma diapu ndi osambira osalimba, sadziwa momwe angasunthire kuzungulira mafunde, chifukwa chake, nthawi zambiri amabweretsa ku Nyanja ya Mediterranean kapena gombe la Europe ndi underconger yamphamvu.
Nthawi zambiri ma diomet ndi anthu okhala m'madzi, koma ena mwa iwo anakwanitsa kuzolowera madzi abwino, amapezeka m'madzi a Amazon kapena Congo. Ngakhale kuti hedgehogs samakonda kukhala nsomba zina, amakhazikika m'malo omwe mungabisike bwino, kuti palibe amene akuwavutitsa masana.
Kudya Hedgehog Fish
Zakudya, anthu okhala pansi pamadzi amakonda crustaceans, mollusks ndi crabs. Chifukwa cha mano opindika olimba, kupanga china chofanana ndi mulomo, nsomba za hedgehog zimasweka mosavuta pogwiritsa ntchito zipolopolo zolimba.
Pofuna kuti asadzitengere okha, hedgehog amapewa malo osungiramo nyama zazikulu zam'nyanja. Pakachitika zoopsa, amabisala m'khola kapena kusinthika ndi kukhala mpira wawukulu. Komabe, kuphatikiza pa ma spikes, ali ndi chitetezo china chabwino mu zida zake za nkhondo - ntchofu. Nthawi zina, pofuna kuwopseza wowaukira, nsomba ya hedgehog imaponyera chinsinsi chakubedwacho m'madzi, chomwe sichimayambitsa ngozi zina zonse m'madzi kuposa singano. Pambuyo pachinyengo chotere, palibe amene amalimba mtima kupitiliza kuyesa kuzunza hedgehog.
Mwachilengedwe, simungatenge nsomba za hedgehog popeza nyama yawo imadzaza ndi tetrodoxin. Kwa nyama ndi anthu, poizoniyu ndi wakufa. Koma ku Japan, amakonzera chakudya chomwe chimatchedwa "puffer". Kudya zophika mosaphika bwino ndizowopsa pamoyo, chifukwa chake, m'malesitilanti aku Japan, ophika amabwera maphunziro apadera kuti aphunzitse ukadaulo wopanga zokondweretsa izi, pamapeto pake adzalandira chilolezo.
Kodi nsomba za hedgehog zimadya chiyani?
Zakudya, ngakhale zili zazing'ono kwambiri, ndizidyera. Cholinga chawo chachikulu ndi njira zamakorali. Chifukwa cha kapangidwe ka mano awo, amatha kuluma tizinthu tating'onoting'ono kuchokera m'makorali ndi kuwapera. Ndiyenera kunena kuti gawo laling'onoting'ono la chakudyali lomwe limapendedwa. Zambiri zomwe kale zinali miyala yamakhola zimakhalabe m'mimba. Nthawi zina, mpaka ma 500 g oterewa amapezeka m'mimba mwa diode yomwe agwidwa ndi asodzi.
Kuphatikiza apo, zakudya za nsomba za urchin zimathandizidwa ndi ochepa, olemba nyanja, nyongolotsi zam'madzi. Ngati wogwidwa wabisidwa m'gobolomo kapena watetezedwa ndi chipolopolo, nsomba siziyenera kuteteza chitetezochi. Kuphatikiza apo, ma diode amatha kuukira nsomba zina, ndikuluma zipsepse kapena michira yawo.
Ngati diode imasungidwa muzochita kupanga, chakudyacho chimaphatikizapo chakudya cha nsomba, chomwe chimaphatikizapo algae. Ziyeneranso kutheka kukukuta mano anu, chifukwa shrimp iyi imaphatikizidwa muzakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku. Popanda zabwinozi, diode imatha kukhala yankhanza, kuukira anthu ena, ndipo mano nkuyamba kutuluka.
Muyenera kudziwa! Nsomba zamtundu wa Hedgehog sizimanyoza kuvuta, ndipo nthawi zina zimatha kuukira abale awo.
Mitundu Yosiyanasiyana ya Mpira Wansomba
M'mitsinje yambiri, nyanja ndi matupi ena amadzi, mitundu yoposa zana ya nsomba-zam'mimba zapezeka.
Onsewa ndi am'banja la ana anayi am'maso komanso mtundu wa nsomba zofiirira. Zimakhazikika m'madzi opanda mchere komanso m'madzi abwino.
Mitundu ya tetraodon wokhala m'madzi oyera:
Zosiyanasiyana za tetraodone, mumakonda mchere pang'ono kapena madzi am'nyanja:
- chotupa chakumtunda,
Tetraodon wobiriwira ndi wofanana kwambiri ndi mitundu ina iwiri ya-mipira ya nsomba - tetraodon fluviatilis (Tetraodon fluviatilis) ndi Tetraodon schoutedeni.
Zofunika!Ngakhale ndizosiyana ndi inzake, ma tetraodon amakhalabe zolengedwa zoopsa, ndipo kuzikhudza zimatha kuyambitsa poizoni. Othandizira asodzi ayenera kukumbukira kuti nsomba izi siziyenera kuponyedwa m'manja kuti tisakumane mwangozi. Sayenera kunyamulidwa ndi manja anu opanda kanthu!
Nsomba zokhala ngati tetraodon zobala msanga zimapanga ma pulosesa a mano omwe amafunika kuti azikhala pansi yolimba. Chifukwa chake, wam'madzi amayenera kuganizira izi pasadakhale komanso kuphatikiza nkhono m'zakudya za nyama yomwe imadyera nyama, pa chipolopolo chomwe pufferfish imakukuta mano.
Dziwani za kusunga nkhono monga helena, udzu, ampullaria, reel, ndi nkhono za ku Africa kunyumba.
Mawonekedwe a machitidwe ndi moyo wawo
Chithunzi: nsomba za urchin zam'nyanja
Izi nsomba sizili za iwo omwe amakonda kukodwa mu ma jamb, mmalo mwake, m'malo mwake, amadzilekanitsa komanso kupewa kupewa kukumana ndi amtundu wawo. Pazaka zophukira zokha pomwe mwamunayo amabwera kwa mkazi. Moyo wawo umayenda motere - tsiku lomwe diodon amakhala m'malo otetezeka, pomwe sangasokonezedwe, ndipo pokhapokha atabwera usiku akusaka. Ma diodon adakhala ndi mawonekedwe abwino, omwe amawathandiza usiku kupeza zomwe agwira.
Ndi njira yachilendo komanso yotetezerayi, nsomba za hedgehog zimatha kukhala zotetezeka munthawi iliyonse ndikusambira popanda mantha. M'malo mwake, sakonda kutulutsa. Pomwe diode imagwiritsa ntchito chitetezo chake, imakhala yopanda mphamvu kufikira itabwerera momwe ilili. Panali nthawi zina pomwe nsomba zakufa zimapezeka zomwe sizimatha kutha pambuyo poti ngoziyo yatha.
Ngakhale kuti satha kugwira ntchito, ma hedgehogs okhala mu ukapolowo amawazolowera anthu ndipo amakonda kuyandama pamwamba, kufunsa kuti azitha kulandira chithandizo chokoma. Ndiyenera kunena kuti nthawi zambiri amachita izi, monga mdziko la nsomba amakhala osusuka kwenikweni. Maso awo akuluakulu "okongola" nthawi zambiri amayerekezedwa ndi mawonekedwe amphaka yemwe amachokera kwa m / f "Shrek".
Moyo
Wotsogola sangatchedwa wankhanza. Amachita zinthu mwankhanza. Kuti nsomba za hedgehog zisadye ena okhala m'madzimo, muyenera kuyiyika ndi abale.
Pufferfish amakonda kubisala pamthunzi. Amagwira usiku ndi usiku. Nsomba za Hedgehog nthawi zambiri zimabisalira mu algae. Ngati m'mapanga muli m'madzimo, mumasambira momwemo.
Tetradon amakhala wokonzeka kubereka atatembenuka 1 chaka chimodzi. Ndikwabwino kuti tisayike amuna awiri mumphanda limodzi, popeza kumenyera gawo kuyayamba. Kuti ziberekane bwino, zibzalani algae, Hornwort kapena cryptocoryne. Kuti achepetse kutulutsa, Pufferfish imadyetsedwa ndi nkhono ndi nyama. Zomwe zimasamalidwa zimabadwa pa kutentha kwa madigiri 28.
Nsomba za Hedgehog ziyenera kuyikidwa mu aquarium ndi abale, chifukwa zimatha kudya nsomba zina
Ndikofunikira kudziwa kusiyanitsa tetradon wamkazi ndi wamwamuna. Yaikazi ndi yayikulu, yatulutsa mawanga pathupi. Kumayambiriro kwa kutulutsa, wamwamuna amathamangitsa wamkazi. Ngati sachita zinthu mwankhanza, banja limasambira pansi ndikubisalira kumbuyo kwa tchire lalitali.
Kapangidwe ka anthu ndi kubereka
Chithunzi: Prickly Hedgehog Fish
Diode amafikira kukhwima ali ndi chaka chimodzi. Chibwenzi champhongo ndichakuti amayamba kuthamangitsa wamkazi. Mkazi atachira, mwamunayo amayamba kumukankhira pang'ono pafupi ndi madzi, pomwe kuponya kwa caviar kumachitika.
Pambuyo pake, yamphongo imazithira mkaka kuchokera kumisempha yake yakugonana. Mkazi m'modzi amatha kuponya mazira pafupifupi 1000. Ndi ena mwa iwo okha omwe amakhala ndi manyowa. Atangotulutsa, nsomba zimasiya kukonda ana awo amtsogolo, komanso mzawo
Kucha mazira kumatenga masiku anayi, pambuyo pake mwachangu kuchokera kwa iwo. Kuyambira pobadwa, amawoneka ngati makolo awo, koma panthawiyi m'miyoyo yawo matupi awo amatetezedwa ndi chipolopolo chocheperako. Pakatha masiku pafupifupi khumi, nkhonoyi imazimiririka kotero kuti ma spine amakula m'malo mwake. Izi zimatenga mpaka milungu itatu.
Pambuyo pa nthawi iyi, mwachangu hedgehog ali wofanana kale ndi makolo ake, amatha kulowerera pakubwera kwangozi. Amasiyananso pakukongoletsa kwambiri mitundu. Mpaka nsomba zazing'ono zikafika pamlingo winawake, zimakonda kumamatirana. Pofuna kuti musakhaleko wina, pakubwera kowopsa agogoda palimodzi. Nthawi yomweyo, amakhala ngati mpira waukulu wokhala ndi minga. Izi zimawopseza adani.
Mpaka zaka zingapo, ma diode ang'ono amakhala pafupi ndi madzi, pomwe madziwo amawotha. Atakhwima, nsomba zimapita pansi, pafupi ndi miyala yamiyala, komwe zimatsogolera moyo wachizolowezi.
Muyenera kudziwa! Muukapolo, hedgehog imaswana kawirikawiri, chifukwa izi zimafunikira nyengo zina.
Zambiri zosangalatsa za urchins zam'nyanja
Zambiri zothandiza kwa iwo amene aganiza zokhazikitsa nyama yodabwitsayi mu aquarium:
- Nthawi yozungulira ali mu ukapolo imafika zaka 4. Kuthengo, nsomba izi zimakhala zochepa poyerekeza chifukwa cha kugwidwa kwambiri.
- Pakakhala mantha kapena pamavuto, nsomba zimathanso kuwonjezeka kanayi kuchuluka kwake.
- Nyama ya nsomba siyingadyedwe chifukwa ndi yapoizoni kwambiri. M'mayiko ena, nyama ya nsomba iyi, yomwe imadziwika kuti "puffer", imadziwika kuti ndi yofunika kwambiri, ndiyofunika ndalama zambiri. Koma kuphika molondola kumatha kuphika ochepa padziko lapansi.
- Poizoni yemwe ali mu nsomba - tetrodoxin - amapha anthu. Poizoni wopezeka ndi munthu m'modzi yekha akhoza kupha anthu 30.
- Hedgehog ili ndi zozizwitsa zopatsa chidwi. Izi zimamupangitsa kuti amasuke mumdima.
- Pakangoziyo, nsomba sizimangotupa, komanso zimatulutsira poizoni wake m'madzi. Poizoni amatha kupha adani nthawi yomweyo.
- Ngati wasitala watseka chala ndi singano ya nsomba, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tichite zilonda zamankhwala mwachangu, imwani mankhwala odana ndi kutupa ndipo pitani kuchipatala msanga. Kumeza ngakhale poizoni wochepa wa poizoni kumabweretsa zotsatirapo zoyipa kwambiri. Ngati munga wa hedgehog ukhalabe pakhungu, uyenera kuchotsedwa mosamala ndi ma tweezers.
Adani achilengedwe a nsomba za hedgehog
Mitundu ya achikulire ilibe mdani, popeza adani ena akuopa kumuukira. Ndi nsomba zazikuluzikulu zomwe zimadyedwa - shaki, dolphin, orcas - zomwe zingawagwere. Milandu ngati imeneyi ndi yosakwatira. Kwa iwo okha, diode amakhala chakudya chomaliza, chimadzamira pakhosi kapena kuvulaza m'mimba, m'mimba. Zotsatira zake, nsomba zimafa.
Mwina, kwa nsomba zosowa, mdani wamkulu ndi munthu. Nthawi yomwe ndimakonda ndiyosangalatsa ndikuwonjezera nsomba za hedgehog. Kuphatikiza apo, ma diode amagwidwa kuti apange zokongoletsera zakunja. Kuchokera kwa iwo amapanga zopangira nyale kapena nyali zaku China, kuti mugulitse pambuyo pake kwa alendo achilendo.
Nsomba za Hedgehog ndizakudya zabwino zomwe zimakonda pakati pa anthu ambiri komanso chakudya chamtengo wapatali m'malesitilanti aku Asia. Ena amakonda kuwaza zidutswa za khungu la nsomba mu marinade wokometsera, ena amasenda nyama mu chomenya.
Adani ochulukirapo mwachangu. Pali nsomba zochepa zomwe zimapulumuka kuchokera ku zinyalala zonse mpaka moyo wodziimira pawokha. Chakudya chomwe timakonda kwambiri cha tuna ndi ma dolphin ndi mtundu wa hedgehog.
Muyenera kudziwa! Pachilumba chimodzi cha Indonesia, mu fuko limodzi, zisoti zoopsa zimapangidwa kuchokera pakhungu la hedgehogs kwa ankhondo awo.
Kugwirizana
Popeza nthumwi za mtunduwu zidakali zidyamakanda, mwini wake ayenera kuganizira mosamala za omwe azungulira mzindawo.
Njira yabwino ikhoza kukhala kukonzekera gawo lalikulu la nsomba zomwe zadyedwa, koma ngati sizingatheke, ndiye kuti tetraodon yobiriwira imatha kukhazikika pamodzi ndi ma cichlids aku Africa.
Izi zimagwirizana bwino ndi nyama yoyandikana nayo. Chifukwa cha ophatikizika komanso kuphatikiza thupi lapoizoni, ma pufferfish sachita mantha ndi aliyense wokhala m'madzimo.
Anthu oyandikana nawo ma tepi obiriwira ndi ma cichlids aku Malawi. Ma cichlids oyipa komanso oyipa aku Malawi satenga ma tetraodon ngati nsomba chifukwa cha mawonekedwe awo achilendo amkati munthawi yankhalwe, chifukwa chake samachita nawo chidwi.
Komanso, Amalawi amazindikira msanga kuti kugwira ma prickly ndipo, koposa zonse, ma tetraodoni oyipa sakhala osangalatsa kwenikweni. Kusankha anthu oyandikana nawo mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nsomba kuti mumakhala m'madzi amodzi ndizabwino kuposa kukula.
Ma tetraodon ang'onoang'ono ndi osafunika kukhazikika limodzi ndi ma cichlids akuluakulu aku Malawi, ndibwino kudikira mpaka atakula pang'ono. Pufferfish sigwirizana bwino ndi nsomba zazing'ono, komanso nsomba zomwe zimakhala ndi michira yayitali komanso zipsepse (golide, neon, guppy).
Ngati mwini wa aquarium akadakakamizika kukhazikitsa pamodzi, ndiye kuti ma tetraodons ayenera kukhala ochepa okha. Ziwopsezo za achikulire zimayamba kuluma mchira ndi zipsepse za oyandikana nawo, ndipo ana ang'onoang'ono a tetraodons samakondwera ndi mitundu ina ya nsomba ngati atadyedwa bwino.
Kusankhidwa kwa oyandikana nawo kuyeneranso kuganizira momwe nsomba zimatha kukhala mumchere kapena madzi abwino.Tetraodon wobiriwira amakhala m'madzi amchere, ndipo nsomba zina sizingalekerere mchere uliwonse (zonsezi ndi mitundu ya nsomba za catfish).
Akatswiri ambiri am'madzi amavuta kupeza nkhono zomwe zimaberekana mwachangu kwambiri komanso zimakuta mbali zonse za pansi pa nyanja posakhalitsa.
Kuti muthane ndi vutoli, mutha kuyika pufferfish mwachidule m'nyumba ya nsomba, yomwe nthawi zina imanenedwanso kuti nkhono yamadyedwe. Pakupita masiku asanu mpaka asanu ndi awiri, vuto la kubereketsa zakumadzi lidzathetsedwa.
Fotokozerani ma tetraodons apanyumba
Kufalikira mu aquarium mumtundu uliwonse kumachitika payekhapayekha. Gawo lokha ndi losiyana ndi aquarium. Nsomba zazing'ono zimakhala zodekha komanso zopandaukali. Ndikosavuta kuwasiyanitsa ndi jenda. Oyimira amuna ndi ochepa komanso opanda mtundu. Panthawi yophukira, kusamala kwakukulu kumafunikira.
Wamphongo imakankhira chikazi kumtunda kwamadzi. Apa iye amatuluka. Wamphongo nthawi yomweyo umakumana ndi mazira. Pambuyo pa masiku angapo mutha kuwona mwachangu wa utoto wofiira wachikasu wokhala ndi kupindika kwapadera ndi kuyamba kwa zipsepse. Pakatha sabata ndi theka, anawo amakhala osambira odziimira pawokha. Malo omwe nsomba zimakonda kwambiri ku aquarium ndi nkhokwe zazikulu za mbewu.
Kuswana kwa Hedgehog
Kumapeto kwa hibernation, pomwe mpweya umayamba kutentha mpaka madigiri 18-20, nyengo ya matanga a hedgehogs imayamba. Hedgehogs amafika kutha msinkhu ndi miyezi 10-12. Chigawo chakumpoto chimabereka kamodzi pachaka, anthu akumwera amabereka kawiri.
Mbidzi zazikazi zimamanga zisa m'maenje awo, zimaloza pansi pa dzenje ndi masamba owuma ndi udzu.
Amuna nthawi zambiri amamenyera chachikazi, akumakonzekera ndewu ndikumasukirana, ndikuluma mutu ndi miyendo, ndikuluma ndi singano zokulira. Kenako wopambanawo azungulirazungulira nthawi yayitali mozungulira wamkazi, yemwe asanasunthe bwino singano yake. Hedgehogs ndi nyama zamitala ndipo, mutatha matching, nthawi yomweyo zimagawana.
Nthawi ya bere ndi kuyambira masiku 34 mpaka 58, chifukwa, 1 mpaka 7 (nthawi zambiri 4) ana obadwa ndi magalamu 12 amabadwa.
Ma hedgehogs obadwa kumene ndi akhungu, atakutidwa ndi khungu loyera, lonyezimira la pinki. M'masiku oyambira amoyo, singano zofewa, zopepuka komanso zakuda zimamera pa thupi la ma hedgehogs ang'onoang'ono. Pambuyo pa milungu iwiri, chivundikiro cha singano cha nyama chimapangidwa kale.
Mwezi woyamba, hedgehog wachikazi amadyetsa ana ndi mkaka, ndiye achichepere amapitilira moyo wodziyimira pawokha.
Ndi kukonza kwa aquarium
Chifukwa chakuti mano a pufferfish amakula nthawi zonse, amafunika kuti azikumbidwa nthawi zonse, chifukwa nthawi ndi nthawi amafunika kuyambitsa nkhono ndi zipolopolo mu zakudya. Nsomba za Aquarium zidzasangalatsidwa ndi mtima wa ng'ombe kapena chiwindi chodumphadumpha ku chopukusira nyama. Mukasiyitsa chakudyacho mu chakudya cham'malo mwa nsomba zomwe zimadya, moyo wake umachepetsedwa katatu pakadutsa zaka 10. Nsomba sizimakonda mitundu yobiriwira ya chakudya.
Chiwerengero cha anthu ndi mitundu
Chithunzi: Hedgehog nsomba munyanja
Kuyesetsa kwakukulu kwachitika pakufufuza kwa okhala m'madzi am'nyanja, chifukwa cha izi banja la Awiri-Tooth lero lili ndi mitundu 16, ndipo ndi mitundu isanu ndi umodzi yokha yomwe imadziwika kuti hedgehogs. Kuphatikiza pa iwo, pali oimira ena mu banja la Awiri-Toothed: cyclichitis, lophodione, dicotilichitis, chylomictus.
Ena amakhulupirira kuti nsomba zamtundu wa hedgehog ndi nsomba zapoizoni ndi amtundu womwewo, chifukwa ndi ofanana kwambiri. Izi sizowona. Funggu ndi la banja la ana a Tooth, ndipo ma diode ndi ochokera ku banja la a To-Tooth. Mwina m'mbuyomu adachokera ku mtundu umodzi ndipo chifukwa chake akhoza kutchedwa achibale akutali.
Popeza adawoneka zaka mamiliyoni ambiri zapitazo, ma diode amakhala okhala m'matanthwe a coral. Zikadapanda njira yapadera yodzitetezera, mwayi wopulumuka wa nsomba zosatetezedwa kwa mitundu yoyamba udali wotsika kwambiri. Chifukwa chokhaza thukuta, masiku ano nsomba zimapulumutsidwa kwa zilombo zikuluzikulu.
Munthu akhoza kuwononga kuchuluka kwa ma diode, popeza ndalama zochuluka zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zikumbutso, kutumiza ku mayiko ena, ndipo zina mwa zogwirira zimakhala m'malesitilanti. Ngakhale izi, akatswiri a ichthyologists komanso ecologists sakhulupirira kuti chiwerengerochi chiwopsezedwa ndipo ndikofunikira kuteteza mtunduwu.
Nsomba hedgehog -Msodzi wosasaka nsomba wokhala ndi ulemu. Itha kuwoneka m'madzi ambiri am'madzi, momwe mumatha kuwonera. Anthu ena amaganiza kuti apeze chozizwitsa chakumtunda chakumtunda kwawo m'madzi, koma zinthu zitatu ndizofunikira pa ichi - chidziwitso chokwanira kusunga nsomba, malo oyenerera am'madzi ndikupanga malo oyenera.
Kufotokozera
Izi nsomba amakonda kukhala pafupi m'matanthwe a coral. Kufotokozera kwamawonekedwe a hedgehog ndizosangalatsa kwambiri. Mwanthawi zonse, pomwe palibe chomwe chikumuwopseza, nsomba imakhala ndi thupi lokwera, lophimbidwa ndi mafupa omwe amalumikizidwa ndi singano mokakamira mpaka mthupi. Pakamwa pake ndi patali ndipo lalikulu, amatetezedwa ndi mbale zosanjidwa zofanana ndi mlomo wa mbalame. Ndibwino kuti mukumanga ziphuphu popanda spikes. Nsombazo zimadzaza chifukwa cha chikwama chapadera chomwe chili pafupi ndi pharynx, chomwe chimadzaza ndimadzi munthawi zowopsa. M'malo ozungulira, imalumpha mozondoka ndikuyamba kusambira mpaka nyama yomwe imasowa. Mu chithunzi mutha kuwona momwe hedgehog imawonekera mu "folded" ndi bloated mawonekedwe.
Nsomba yayitali ya hedgehog (Diodon holacanthus)
Kutalika kwake, nsombazo zimatha kutalika kuchokera pa 22 mpaka 54. Zaka zomwe moyo wam'madzi ndi zaka 4, m'chilengedwe zimamwalira kale.
Eunice aphrodite (Bobbit mbozi)
Mu 2009, nsomba zam'madzi zidayamba kutha popanda kufufuza m'madzi amodzi ku UK, ndipo ma corals ambiri adawonongeka. Ogwira ntchito amatchera misampha yokozeka mbedza zachiyembekezo kuti agwire chigawenga, koma onse anangosowa. Pofunafuna cholakwikacho, iwo anaphwasula pansi pamadzipo ndipo anapeza nyongolotsi yautali wa Bobbit ya mita 1.2, yomwe mwina inalowa mu aquarium ndi dothi kapena miyala yamiyala. Amakola nyongolotsi wotchedwa Barry, amangodya.
Kumayambiriro kwa moyo, kutalika kwa nyongolotsi ndi 10 cm, koma pofika zaka ziwiri imatha kufika pamtunda wa 2m ndi mainchesi osapitirira 2,5. Poyembekezera nyama, nyongolotsi zomwe zimakhala pamtunda wa mamita 40 pansi pamatope ndipo zimatha kudabwitsa kwambiri ngati pakufunika nyamuka masentimita 20-30. Nyongolotsiyo ndiwopanda china chilichonse: poizoni amene amapulumutsidwa ndi iye amaletsa nyama.
Megalodikopu
Pafupifupi zipolopolo zonse, zomwe zimaphatikizapo megalodicopia, zimadyetsa plankton, zomwe zimatulutsa mwa kusefa madzi am'madzi. Koma cholengedwa ichi chatenga kamwa yayikulu yomwe imameza azirombo ting'onoting'ono ndi zolengedwa zina zazikulu zokulirapo. Mitundu yotchedwa venus flytrap imadyanso chimodzimodzi: nyama ikangolowa mkamwa mwa megalodicopia, imangotseka ndipo imatsegulira pomwe chilombo chadzakhalanso ndi njala.
Mphutsi za Megalodicopia zimasambira m'madzi mpaka atapeza nyumba yabwino kwa moyo wawo wonse. Pambuyo pakuphatikizika, nembanemba imakumana ndi metamorphosis: ziwalo zamatsenga ndi zomveka zimatha, ndipo m'mimba ndi matumbo zimakulanso. Chigoba chimakhala pakuya kwa 1 km, ndipo chimakopa chakudya kudzera bioluminescence. Megalodicopia ili ndi kuthekera kodzikonzanso: munthu wathunthu akhoza kuchira ku chinthu chaching'ono cha thupi m'milungu ingapo.
Proteus waku Europe
European Proteus, kapena olm, imangokhala m'mapanga am'nyanja aku Balkan Peninsula, imatha pafupifupi moyo wake wonse mumdima wathunthu pamtunda wosaposa 10 ° C. Tizilombo toterewa mpaka 30 cm ndipo osalemera kupitirira 150 g ndi khungu, ndipo maso athu amabisika pansi pa khungu.
Kutalika kwa moyo wa Proteus ndi zaka 69, ndipo ena amakhalabe ndi zaka zana limodzi, ndipo popanda chakudya Proteus amatha kufa ndi miyezi yambiri. Amakhala ndi fungo lokhazikika; mwa kununkhira, amatha kudziwa ngati mazira omwe adayikidwa ali amoyo kapena akufa, ndikudya akufa.
Mapuloteni amakhalanso ndi dzina ladzina - amatchedwa nsomba zaumunthu chifukwa cha khungu lofanana ndi lathu. Ngakhale kusowa kwa pigmentation, ma olms amatha kusintha mtundu mothandizidwa ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa, ndiye kuti, kuwonongeka kwa dzuwa.
Kufotokozera kwakunja
Nyanja urchin nsomba - nthumwi ya banja la toothed pufferfish, amakhala pafupi ndi miyala yamiyala yam'nyanja zam'madzi ndi nyanja zam'malo otentha. Anthu amakonda kukhala okha, kusambira pakati pa ma corals ndikudya ma moll osiyanasiyana.
Urchin wa kunyanja ndi nsomba wamba, wamba. Izi ndi zomwe hedgehog imawoneka:
- Kutalika kwa thupi lake ndi 30-60 masentimita, mtundu wake ndi wopepuka ndi mawanga ofiira, a bulauni kapena akuda, munthawi zonse, minga sizimawoneka kwathunthu ndipo imapanikizika ndi thupi.
- Mutu wake ndi wozungulira, wowoneka bwino, nsagwada zamphamvu zam'mano zophatikizika zofanana ndi mbale.
- Chizindikiro chake ndichotchinga cha mafupa olimba okhala ndi ma spikes omwe amaphimba thupi lonse, ngati ukonde woteteza, kutalika kwa singano kumakhala mpaka 5 cm.
- Zipsepazo ndizazungulira, zopanda spikes, koma pali spikes okhazikika pamtunda ndi pansi pa mchira.
![](http://img.thinkfirsttahoe.org/img/imag-2020/1657/nastoyashaya-riba-ezh-opisanie-E646C0D.jpg)
Pali thumba lapadera mkamwa - chipinda pakhosi, chodzaza ndi madzi pangozi ndi kupanga mpira waminga mu nsomba.
Longhorn Saber
Wokhala m'madzi am'madzi am'madzi, omwe asayansi amatcha cholengedwa choyipa kwambiri padziko lapansi, amakhala pamtunda wa 0,5 mpaka 5 km. Ili ndi mano atali kwambiri poyerekeza ndi thupi: kutalika kwa saber-toot ndi 15 cm, ndipo mano - kutalika pafupifupi 7. Kuti chida chankhondo cholimba chikwanire pakamwa chotsekedwa, pali zodindira zapadera pachiwono. Komanso, ubongo wa nsomba umagawika magawo awiri - ndi zonse kuti mano asamawononge.
Ndizosangalatsa kuti achichepere ataliatali okhala ndi nyanga zazitali, okhala pamtunda pafupifupi mamita 150, ndiwosiyana kwambiri ndi mawonekedwe a abale achikulire - kwambiri kotero kuti kwa nthawi yayitali amati ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana.
Wogulitsa nyenyezi waku North America (wamawonekedwe)
Stargazer waku America adapeza dzina lake lachikondi chifukwa chamaso achilendo omwe amakhala pamwamba pake, omwe akuwoneka kuti akuyang'ana kuthambo. M'kamwa mwa nsomba mumayang'anidwira kumtunda: thupi lake limayikidwa m'mchenga pomwe akusaka, ndipo pakamwa pake nthawi zonse pamakhala kukonzekera kugwira nyama yomwe idutsapo.
Mawonekedwe a Stargazer wokhala pamtunda wosaposa 100 m ndiwopatsa chidwi. Ndi kutalika kwa theka la mita, imalemera pafupifupi 9 kg. Stargazer adamupatsa dzina loti "cholengedwa chovuta kwambiri padziko lapansi", popeza amenya nyama yake osati ndi poizoni, komanso ndi magetsi. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, mosiyana ndi ena okhala m'madzi "okhala" ndi zida zamagetsi, wopanga nyenyezi sangathe kunyamula zida zakunja.
Galu wa Pike Nyanja
Agalu am'nyanja a Pike ndi nyama zolusa zomwe siziphonya mwayi wogwira nyama yomwe ikudikirira ndikuyang'anira nyumba zawo. Amathera nthawi yawo yambiri ali "m'nyumba" zawo, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala mabotolo ndi zitini zotayidwa ndi anthu. Ngakhale ali ochepa kakang'ono, osapitirira 30 cm, amayesa kuluma ngakhale anthu osambira omwe amasambira kudutsa malo awo, makamaka ngati ateteza ana amtsogolo.
Agalu ali ndi gawo limodzi: akamayandikira nzika zawo, amatsegula pakamwa lalikulu ndikuyandikira mdani wina kuti awathamangitse. Monga lamulo, yemwe ali ndi kamwa yaying'ono amathawira, koma ngati chiwopsezo sichikagwira, ndiye kuti kumenyedwa kumenyedwa pakati pa nsomba, pomwe mano akuthwa amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Habitat ndi zakudya
Ponseponse, akatswiri a zam'madzi amawerengera pafupifupi mitundu 15 ya ma urch apanyanja, omwe malo awo okhala ndi madzi am'nyanja za Pacific, Atlantic ndi Indian. M'malo otentha komanso otentha, mutha kupezanso oimira ma pufferfish, makamaka kuchuluka kwawo kufupi ndi Nyanja ya Mediterranean.
Msodzi weniweni wa hedgehog amakonda madzi amchere, koma mitundu ina idasinthika kuti ikhale m'madzi abwino. Munthu amene sadziwa kusambira amasankha madzi odekha pafupi ndi gombe, amakhala m'matanthwe a coral, ndipo nthawi zina amasambira ndi mtsinje.
Msodzi wowonda komanso wosakwiya nthawi zambiri amagwidwa ndi adani akuluakulu. Asodzi nthawi zambiri asodzi amapeza nsomba zazokolola ndi maukonde.omwe amayesera kudya ma hedgehogs, ndipo iwo amangomangamira pakamwa pa zilombo ndikuwadyetsa poyizoni. Ichi ndichifukwa chake urchin ya mnyanja imakonda kusaka ndikusambira usiku, komanso masana kubisala m'miyala yamiyala ndi miyala.
Mwachitsanzo, amadya nsombazi
Kodi nsomba za hedgehog zimadya chiyani?
Kuzolowera moyo wachisangalalo kunapatsa mwayi wokhala mmadzi wam'madzi, komwe kumathandizira kusaka ndi kudzisunga. Maziko a zakudya m'chilengedwe ndi:
Kukutumizirani chidutswa cha korali, nsombayo imaphwanya mkamwa mothandizidwa ndi mano opera olimba, ndipo zigamba zazikulu zamkati mwachangu zimakumbidwa pang'onopang'ono m'mimba ndikuchotseredwa mwachilengedwe. Kuchuluka kwamiyala yophwanyika yomwe imapezeka m'mimba imafika 500 g.
M'malo otetezedwa ndi nsomba, nsomba zimadyetsedwa shrimp, tinsomba tating'ono ndi ma feed apadera am'nyanja.
Chimera
Chimera chakuya kwambiri ndi abale apachibale omwe ali pafupi kwambiri ndi 2,5 km. Mafupa awo amakhalanso ndi cartilage, koma mosiyana ndi shaki, ma chimera "ali" okonzeka "ndi choyipa chakupha chomwe chili pafupi ndi finors. Ma Chimera amakhala komwe kulibe dzuwa, chifukwa amasaka amagwiritsa ntchito “zomverera” zomwe zili pamutu, zomwe zimakoka ngakhale zolimba zamagetsi zomwe zimapangidwa ndi zomwe zingagwire.
Kuluma kwa nsomba izi, komwe kutalika kwake sikupitirira 30 cm (ngakhale mitundu ina chifukwa cha mchira wautali imatha kufika 1.5 m), ngakhale singathe kupikisana mwamphamvu ndi shaki, imakhala yofanana ndi 100 Newtons. Kuyerekeza: kuluma mphaka wapakhomo kumakhala ndi theka mphamvu. Ma Chimera alibe mano owongoka komanso ongobwera kumene, ngati shaki, m'malo mwa nsomba izi ali ndi mbale zitatu zam'mano, zomwe zimadula wozunzidwayo pakati.
Kubalana kwa pufferfish
Zochepa zomwe zimadziwika pang'onopang'ono pakukula kwa zolengedwa izi. Asayansi anatha kukhazikitsa kuti nthawi yakukhwima, zazikazi zimaponyera mazira m'madzi, ndipo amuna amaponyera mkaka. Akakumana, umuna ndi kapangidwe ka mazira mu kuya kwa mazira kumachitika, pomwe ochepa okha ndi omwe amapulumuka. Kuchokera pazinthu zophatikiza, anthu athunthu komanso athanzi amawonekera.
Amakhala ochepera paufulu kuposa momwe amakhala m'madzi
Bat la Darwin
Gulu la Darwin ndi nsomba zomwe ndizosadabwitsa m'njira zonse. Inde, iye amadziwa kusambira, koma amakonda kuyendayenda pansi pazipsepse zosinthika zomwe zikufanana ndi miyendo. Maonekedwe ake amakhalanso achilendo: wowala, ngati wopaka milomo yofiyira milomo ndi mphuno yayitali, pamphumi pake pomwe pali chiwalo chotchedwa "eska", chowala mumdima kuti ukope nyama. Chida choterocho chimangofunikira batani, chifukwa chimakhala pamalo okuya 73 m, kumene kulibe dzuwa.
Asayansi akukhulupirira kuti milomo yotere imathandiza chigamba cha Darwin kusiyanitsa achibale awo akamatulutsa. Ngakhale maonekedwe ake ndi owopsa, nsomba zama sentimita 20 sizili konse zoopsa kwa anthu.
Bolsherot, kapena nsomba za Pelican
Pelican eel imapezeka m'madzi onse am'madzi mozama kuchokera ku 0,5 mpaka 3 km ndipo imakula mpaka 60-75 cm, yokhala ndi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a kutalika kwa thupi lonse mkamwa. Pakamwa pa eel amatambasulidwa ndikusintha kukhala mtundu wa ukonde wosodza: kuyandama chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa chakudya chomwe chingachitike, eel amachisonkhanitsa mothandizidwa ndi kamwa yachilendo. Mimba ya bileotome imakhala yotanuka, chifukwa imatha kuyamwa yokha ya kukula kwake kosangalatsa.
Mosiyana ndi ma eels ena, mafupa alibe chikhodzodzo, nthiti ndi mamba. Siziwoneka ngati nsomba zambiri zakuzama panyanja, chifukwa imakhala ndi maso ochepa, osakhazikika, omwe, makamaka, amafunikira kuti akope kuwala. Mchira wautali umathandizira kusunthira kutalika, kumapeto kwake kuli chiwalo chovuta, chowala ndi pinki, cholinga chake sichikudziwika.
Hatchet nsomba
Anthu okhala m'madzi otentha komanso otsetsereka amakhala pamtunda wa 2 km. Ma hatchi ndi tinsomba tating'onoting'ono totalika 7-8 cm, lomwe limatchedwa dzina lachilendo, lodziwongola bwino mbali, yofanana ndi nkhwangwa ndi chogwirira.
Monga nsomba zonse zam'nyanja, zipewa zimakhala ndi zojambula, koma sizigwiritsa ntchito kusaka, koma kuphika. "Tochi" zimakonzedwa mwanjira yoti kuwala kwawo kobiriwira kumayendetsedwa pansi, kotero kuti sizingatheke kuzindikira nsomba kwa adani omwe akusambira pansi pake. Nsombazi zili ndi maso akulu akuluwa omwe amawathandiza kudzisintha: amatenga kuwala kumaso kuchokera kumtunda, ndipo hatchet imasintha kuwala kwa zithunzi kuti zisawonekere kwa adani.
Kodi mukudziwa anthu achilendo a munyanja yakuya omwe sitinakambirane?
Kodi hedgehogs amakhala bwanji zachilengedwe?
Mwa chibadwa chawo, ma hedgehogs ndi nyama zodzipatula okha ndipo amakhala moyo wachinsinsi. Masana, ma hedgehogs amagona, atabisala mwaokha kukumba mpaka mita imodzi kapena kukhala m'nyumba zopanda mbuto. Anthu okhala m'malo opezekamo amagwiritsa ntchito miyala pakati pa miyala ndi voids pansi pamiyala. Mbidzi zakutchire zimasaka usiku, zimakonda kusasunthira kutali ndi kwathu. Tsoka ilo, ziwerengero zikuwonetsa kuti ma hedgehogs angapo amafa pansi pa magudumu a magalimoto, kuyesera kuwoloka msewu waulere usiku.
Kuvomereza Kwambiri
Agalu omwe ayesa nsomba izi akufotokoza zakumverera kwawo motere: akamadya, funde limayenda pomwe limayambitsa miyendo, kenako manja, kenako nsagwada zimasiya kugwira ntchito. Munthawi imeneyi, ndi maso okha omwe amatha kusuntha. Pakapita kanthawi kochepa, chilichonse chimayamba kukhala ndi moyo, mphatso yakulankhula imabweranso, pambuyo pake miyendo ndi manja zimayamba kusuntha. Samurai ku Japan amakhulupirira kuti kuchoka m'moyo ndiko apotheosis ya kukongola. Nsomba za Puffer zimalola munthu kuti azigwira kumvetsetsa kwa Chijapani za ungwiro, ndipo ngati zikuyenda bwino, ngakhale kubwerera.
Zoseketsa izi
Anthu omwe amawaganizira kuti amakhala kunyanja, ngakhale akuvuta kwambiri, ndiwosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito komanso osavuta kuyendetsa. Poyenda, nsombayo imafanana ndi njuchi yomwe ikuuluka mwachangu ndi mapiko, yomwe imawuma m'mwamba pafupi ndi duwa. Achichepere amakhala amtendere kwambiri, nthawi zambiri amakhala m'magulu, komabe, ndi zaka, machitidwe awo amasintha kwambiri, ndipo amakhala osakhazikika komanso achiwawa. Zamoyo zoseketsa izi zokhala ndi maso owoneka bwino komanso osunthika ndizogwirizana kwambiri ndi kupezeka kwa nyanja zam'manja zokhala ndi miyendo inayi. Ndiwodya kwambiri nkhono zabwino kwambiri. Kuthekera kopambana kwa mpira wam'mimba kumachitika chifukwa cha kapangidwe kapadera ka nsagwada ndi thupi. Wokongola mwachangu komanso wopepuka, iye, akumeta zipsepse zamakutu, amayandikira kwa womutsutsayo. Ndipo, pamwayi woyamba, nyama yaingayo imakwanira yaying'ono yake, koma ili ndi pakamwa padera pamiyala inayi. Sharotel imakhala ndi nsagwada zolimba kwambiri zopangidwira zipolopolo zolimba za mabuloni. Zophimba za gill mu nsomba zimachepetsedwa; mipata ndi mabowo awiri pafupi ndi zipsepse zamakina. Chifukwa cha kapangidwe ka zipsepse, marrow amatha kusintha mozungulira kayendedwe komanso kusunthira kumbuyo, komanso kuwundana ndi malo. Makala omwe amaphimbira thupi ali ndi nsonga yakuthwa ndipo amafanana ndi nthongo.