Dziko lidaphunzira za kukhalapo chinese river river dolphin kokha mu 1918. Komabe, zosakwana zaka 100 zinali zokwanira kubweretsa mitundu iyi ya anamgumi opangidwa kuti azitha kumaliza. Poyamba kum'mawa kwa China, dolphin imapezeka m'madzi a Yangtze, Qiantang ndi Poyanghu ndi Dining Lakes. Nyama zidasamukira kuno kuchokera ku Pacific Ocean zaka 20,000 zapitazo. Achichaina adawalemekeza ngati milungu yamtsinje, koma izi sizinapulumutse ma dolphin kuti asatheretu chifukwa cha uve wamtsinje, kusintha kwa nyengo.
Buluu wamtambo wokhala ndi ma dolphins oyera am'mimba oyera amakhala ndi lingaliro laling'ono lachifumu mu mawonekedwe a mbendera ndi mulomo wokwera pang'ono m'mwamba. Amakonda kukhala m'madzi osaya m'madzi ovuta. Pazifukwa izi, ndipo kupukutira kwaphokoso kwa ma dolphin aku China komwe ankatchedwa "nkhumba zamtsinje." Kutalika kwa thupi sikupita mamita 2.5, ndipo kulemera kwake kumachokera ku 120 mpaka 210 kg. Nyama zokongola izi sizingadzitame chifukwa cha maso okongola, chifukwa chake, posaka tinsomba tating'onoting'ono, zimangodalira zolemba zina. Chakudya chomwe amakonda kwambiri ndi mphaka komanso ma eel, omwe ma dolphin amakumba mumtsinjewo ndi mlomo wake wamtali. Nthawi zambiri, nyama zimakhala m'magulu awiriawiri, nthawi zambiri zimakumana m'magulu a anthu khumi. Cholengedwachi ndichobisalira, chimagwira chilichonse chosadziwika mosamala kwambiri. Chiboliboli chovulala chimapanga mawu oboola, ofanana kwambiri ndi kulira kwa ng'ombe ya njati. Kubereka "nkhumba za mumtsinje" sizimamveka bwino. Amadziwika kuti ana awo ndi ofooka kwambiri ndipo sangathe kusambira. Kuyambira pobadwa, mayi amathandizira mwana ndi ziphuphu zake.
Ndipo popanda kukhala ndi chidziwitso chodabwitsachi, mu 2006 chinese river river dolphin adanenedweratu kuti palibe. Komabe, patapita nthawi anthu pafupifupi 30 adawonedwa. Malinga ndikufufuza kwawo mu 2012, nyama zamtunduwu zidanenedweratu kuti zidzawonongedwa. Asayansi akuyembekeza kuti tsiku lina dolphin waku China adzabweranso kuthengo, chifukwa kuyesa konse kuti akhale mu ukapolo sikunaphule kanthu.
Ndani ali ma dolphin
Anthu amagwiritsidwa ntchito poti ma dolphin amakhala m'madzi amchere amchere ndi nyanja yamchere. Koma pali banja laling'ono lotchedwa River Dolphins.
Masiku ano pali mitundu 4 ya ma cetaceans. Atatu mwa iwo amakhala m'madzi abwino, ndipo wachinayi amatha kukhala m'mitsinje ndi munyanja, komanso munyanja. Tsoka ilo, izi ndi nyama zomwe zili pangozi. Amavutika kwambiri chifukwa chokhala pafupi ndi anthu. Akufa chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa mitsinje ndi kusaka kosasamala.
Mawonekedwe
Nyama yokongola ndi imvi yopepuka, pamimba pake yomwe imakhala ndi siliva - mithunzi yoyera. Matupi otetemera a dolphin sapitilira mamili awiri ndi theka, ndipo kulemera kwa thupi kumatha kuchoka pa makumi anayi ndi awiri mpaka kilogalamu zana limodzi ndi makumi asanu ndi awiri.
Komanso, amuna ndi ochepa kwambiri poyerekeza ndi omwe amawasankha. Zina mwazinthu zamtunduwu ndi chingwe chopapatiza komanso chachitali kwambiri, chofanana ndi mulomo wankhwangwala. Ili ndi makumi atatu mphambu anayi pamwamba ndi makumi atatu ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi pansi pa awiri a mano. Amadziwika ndi mawonekedwe otsika.
Moyo
Amasankha malo okhalamo pakamwa pa misonkho, pafupi ndi zilumba ndi m'madzi osaya. Oyang'ana m'madzi ovuta chifukwa cha kufotokozedwa. Ma dolphin amagwira ntchito masana, ndipo amagona usiku m'malo omwe amapita pang'ono. Dolphin yaku China yakumadzi imakonda kusewera ndi nsomba zazing'ono, koma imakana.
Iyenso alibe adani m'chilengedwe. Ma dolphin amatha kuwoneka awiriawiri, ndipo nthawi zina m'magulu a anthu mpaka khumi ndi asanu ndi m'modzi. Ndimatha kuyenda kwakanthawi kochepa, mpaka masekondi makumi awiri okha. Kwa mitundu ya chilimwe, kusamukira ku njira yaying'ono kunali kakhalidwe, ndipo nthawi yozizira amabwerera kumalo awo akale.
Chifukwa chakuti mtunduwu suwamveka bwino, mwatsoka, njira yobereka, chiyembekezo cha moyo ndi zina zambiri sizikhala chinsinsi kwa ife. Asayansi amatenga lingaliro potengera zazidziwitso zomwe ali nazo m'manja mwawo. Zachikazi sizochulukirapo. Amakhala ndi mwana mmodzi mosaposa kamodzi pa zaka ziwiri zilizonse. Mokulira, nthawi ya bere ndi miyezi 11. Ng'ombe zimabadwa zofooka kwambiri. Poyamba, mayi adawakakamiza kuti awasunge ndi zipsepse zake. Kutha msinkhu sikudziwika. Malinga ndikuganiza, izi zitha kuchitika pakati pa zaka zitatu ndi zisanu ndi zitatu.
Kuti aphunzire zamtunduwu wapadera, kuyesayesa kunapangitsa kuti dolphin ili m'ndende. Tsoka ilo, ngakhale pafupi ndi zinthu zachilengedwe sizomwe zidabweretsa chipambano.
Ngakhale anthu achi China adalemekeza milungu iyi ya pamtsinje, samatha kukhalabe ndi mawonekedwe odabwitsa. Mosakayikira, kusintha kwa nyengo mu nyengo kudatenga nawo gawo, koma kuwonongeka kwa mitsinje, kukhetsa kwa nthaka ndi kuchepetsedwa kwa chakudya kumaika "mafuta".
Kutha
Dolphin waku China adasowa mwachangu: mu 1950, anthu pafupifupi 6,000 amakhala m'madzi a Yangtze, ndipo patatha zaka 20 panali ena mazana angapo.
Chomwe chimapangitsa izi ndi njala yoopsa ku China, pomwe ma dolphin ankasakidwa nyama. Kukula kwachuma kwotsatira sikunabweretsenso zabwino za baiji. Zowopsa pamtsinjewo ndi okhalamo zidakula kwambiri: kuwonongeka kwa mafakitale ndi phokoso, kutumiza, kumanga madamu. Usodzi wogwira ntchito nawonso udakhudzidwa: Ziweto zam'madzi zomwe zikung'ambika maukonde, zimafa chifukwa chopha ndodo zamagetsi. Zotsatira zake, mu 2006 ,ulendo wopangidwa mwapadera sunapeze dolphin amtsinje wa China ku Yangtze.
Kuyesa kusunga malingaliro
Zachidziwikire, asayansi akuyesera kusunga mitundu yomwe ili pangozi, koma pankhani ya dolphin yaku China, kupambana sikunachitike. Ngakhale kuti mitunduyi imatetezedwa ndipo yalembedwa mu Red Book, palibe nyama zachilengedwe. Umboni waposachedwa kwambiri wa asodzi omwe adakumana ndi mitunduyi ya ma dolphin adapezeka mu 2004. Mu 2007, malo otumizidwa anatumizidwa kuti akatole anthu angapo amuna kapena akazi okhaokha (pafupifupi nyama 25). Izi zitha kulolera kuti azilera muukapolo ndikubwezeretsanso kuchuluka kwa anthu. Koma kutuluka kwawo adabwerako osapeza kalikonse. Zipangizo zamakono sizinakonze baiji. Izi zikuwadzetsa pachiwopsezo chomvetsa izi: kuchuluka kwa ma dolphin a mitsinje kufera ndipo sikungatheke kuwabwezeretsa. Ndizomvetsa chisoni kuzindikira izi, koma kuyambira 2007, dolphin ya ku China yakhala ikudziwika kuti ndi nyama yomwe yasowa.
Kodi dzina lomwe limagwirizanitsidwa ndi
Anthu am'derali amatcha mtsinjewo kuti "baiji". Dolphin yaku China yaku mtsinje imakhala ndi mawonekedwe akunyumba, ofanana ndi mbendera. Izi ndi zomwe zidapatsa dzinalo lonse dzina. Dzina lasayansi la mitunduyo ndi Lipotes vexillifer. Mulinso malingaliro awiri. Leipo amatanthauza "kuyiwalika" ndipo vexillifer amatanthauza "onyamula mbendera ". Monga mukuwonera, asayansi adagwiritsanso ntchito magulu ena akunja posankha dzina la mitundu yaying'ono ya zinyama.
Onani mafotokozedwe
Choyimira madzi oyera a chinsomba chokhala ndi chinsalu cha ku China, ndi nyama yayikulu. Kutalika kwambiri kwa nyama zomwe zinali zojambulidwa kunali ma 2,5. Ndipo kutalika kocheperako kwa munthu wamkulu ndi 1.5 m. Kufotokozera kwa dolphin sikunafotokozedwe mwatsatanetsatane. Amadziwika kuti zazikazi zamtunduwu ndizazikulu komanso zochulukirapo kuposa zazimuna. Thupi la ma dolphin limakhala lokwinya komanso lambiri. Khosi limayenda. Zipsepse za mchenga zimakhala ndi maziko ake, koma mpaka m'mphepete ngati kuti mwadulidwa ndi nkhwangwa. Mbendera yomaliza ya dorsal ndiyapakatikati kukula, yokhala ndi mbali zoyambira bwino kumbuyo ndi kumbuyo. Ilibe pakati pa msana, koma pafupi ndi mchira.
Pa korona wa nyama yam'mimbamo mumakhala kupuma kwamphamvu. Ndizolowera kumanzere kwa pakati. Dolphin yaku China sikuvuta kuwona. Maso ake sanakhazikike bwino komanso m'malo mwake. Amakhala pamwamba pamutu, zomwe zimachepetsa mawonekedwe owonera.
Mbali yakutsogolo ya chigaza chaubongo ndi yotchedwa rostrum, yopapatiza komanso yotalikirapo. Imawerama m'mwamba pang'ono ndikufanana ndi mulomo wankhwangwala. Nsagwada yapamwamba imakhala ndi mano ochepa kuposa otsika. Chiwerengero chokwera pamwamba ndi mano 68, ndipo pansi 72 mano.
Ndizosatheka kulemba mafotokozedwe a dolphin osanenapo mtundu wa nyama. Baiji ndi ubweya wonyezimira kapena wonyezimira. Kutentha kwa nyama ndi zoyera. Ngakhale anthu ena akuwona kuti mtunduwu ndiwopepuka kuposa momwe amafotokozera. Amati dolphin yaku mtsinje waku China ili pafupifupi yoyera.
Zogawa zamtundu
Nthawi zambiri, mitundu iyi ya ma dolphin amtsinje amapezeka mumtsinje wa Yangtze. Ngati mwaona momwe mtsinje wa Yangtze umaonekera pa mapu, mutha kulingalira kuchuluka kwa malo omwe kumakhala madzi osefukira komanso otambalala. Kutalika kwake kumapitirira 6300 km, koma izi sizinapulumutse dolphin amtsinje waku China kuti asawopseze kutha. Nthawi zina, nyamayi zimapezeka ku Qiantang (mtsinje) ndi Madzi a Dongting ndi Poyanghu. Munthu m'modzi adawona m'dera la Shanghai.
Momwe mitunduyi imakhalira ndi zomwe idya
Kuphunzira moyo wamtunduwu ndizovuta kwambiri. Chifukwa cha kupweteka, palibenso chidziwitso chilichonse. Zimadziwika kuti ma dolphin a mumtsinje amakhala m'magulu awiri ndipo amakonda makamwa amtsinje ndi madzi osaya. Mwachidziwikire, ichi ndi chifukwa chokhacho chomwe chimapangitsa kuti ziwalo zamasomphenya zisamakula. Madzi pano amakhala ndi mitambo nthawi zonse, chifukwa chake maso ndi osathandiza, muyenera kudalira khunyu.
Dolphin yaku China yaku mtsinje imatsogolera moyo wamasana. Usiku, amachoka kumadera omwe amapita pang'ono kuti akapume.
Mukudya kwam'madzi, tinsomba tating'ono, ma eel, catfish ndi chipolopolo. Kusaka, nyamayo imagwiritsa ntchito mulomo wautali. Ndi chithandizo chake, dolphin amakumba nyama kuchokera pa siltara. Pophwanya zipolopolo zamphamvu, imagwiritsa ntchito mano omwe amasinthidwa mwapadera pazolinga izi.
Nthawi zina, ma dolphin am'm mitsinje amasonkhana m'magulu. Gulu lotere likhonza kukhala ndi anthu atatu, ndipo atha kukhala nyama 15. Koma mawonekedwe awa siwokhalitsa.
Kuswana
Pali zambiri zochepa zokhudzana ndi kuswana kwa ma dolphin aku China. Asayansi amatenga lingaliro potengera zazidziwitso zomwe ali nazo m'manja mwawo. Zachikazi sizochulukirapo. Amakhala ndi mwana mmodzi mosaposa kamodzi pa zaka ziwiri zilizonse. Mokulira, nthawi ya bere ndi miyezi 11. Ng'ombe zimabadwa zofooka kwambiri. Poyamba, mayi adawakakamiza kuti awasunge ndi zipsepse zake.
Kutha msinkhu sikudziwika. Malinga ndikuganiza, izi zitha kuchitika pakati pa zaka zitatu ndi zisanu ndi zitatu.