Mtundu watsopano wamapepala uli ndi kuthekera kosungira mphamvu ngati ma supercapacitors. Linapangidwa ndi ofufuza mu labotale ku Linkoping University of Organic Electronics, Sweden, ndipo monga akunena, pepala lili ndi mwayi wotsegula chaputala chatsopano mu mphamvu zowonjezereka.
Pulogalamu yotchedwa "mphamvu yamapepala" idapangidwa kuchokera ku ma cellulose omwe amapanga madzi othamanga mpaka anasintha kukhala mainchesi 20 nanometers wandiweyani. Kenako ulusiwo unalumikizidwa ndi polima yamagetsi yamagetsi, pambuyo pake adapangidwa kukhala pepala.
Izi ndi zinthu zatsopano m'dziko momwe anthu amagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zamagetsi zosinthika kumafunikira njira zatsopano zosungira mphamvu, osatengera nthawi yachaka komanso momwe mphepo, dzuwa kapena lamasiku ake lili lero.
Chidutswa chilichonse, chotalika masentimita 15 ndi mainchesi angapo mu mamilimita, chikhoza kusunga mphamvu zochulukirapo ngati omwe amagulitsa supercapacitors pamsika. Zida zitha kulipidwa nthawi zambirimbiri, ndipo mtengo uliwonse umangotenga masekondi ochepa.
Mitsempha ya cellulose ikakhala kuti yankho la madzi, polima yamagetsi yamagetsi yamagetsi (PEDOT: PSS) imawonjezedwanso kwa iwo, ndikuwapanganso yankho lamadzi. Ma polima ndiye amapanga filimu yopyapyala pozungulira ulusi.
"Zovala zotsekemera zimasakanikirana, ndimadzimadzi omwe amapezeka pakati pawo amagwira ntchito yamagetsi," akufotokoza motero a Jesper Edberg, wophunzira wa udokotala yemwe adayesera akatswiri ena.
Makanema anu omwe amagwira ntchito ngati ma capacitor adakhalako kwakanthawi. Zomwe tidachita zinali zopangidwa m'njira zosiyanasiyana, "akufotokoza Xavier Crispin, pulofesa wamagetsi opangira zinthu zamagetsi komanso wolemba nawo zankhaniyi.
Pepala ndilopanda madzi ndipo linapangidwa popanda kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala aliwonse oyipa kapena zida.
Zolemba papepala lamphamvu zimawoneka ndikumva ngati pepala la pulasitiki. Ofufuzawo adasankha kusangalala ndikupanga chikwanje kuchokera papepala limodzi la origami, lomwe, mwadzidzidzi, linapereka lingaliro la mphamvu ya zinthuzo.
Kuti apititse patsogolo mapepala awo othandizira, ofufuzawo adagwirizana ndi Royal Institute of Technology KTH, Sweden Research Institute Innventia, Danish Technical University ndi University of Kentucky.
Pepala la Energy tsopano lasweka ma rekodi anayi apadziko lapansi: mtengo wapamwamba kwambiri ndi kuchuluka kwa zamagetsi zamagetsi, magetsi opimika kwambiri pakompyuta yotsogolera, mphamvu yayikulu kwambiri panthawi imodzimodzi ikuchititsa ma ioni ndi ma elekitirodi, ndi chogwirizira chopambana kwambiri cha phenlectrode mu transistor.
Zotsatira za kafukufukuyu zinafalitsidwa mu magazini ya Advanced Science.
Kenako chiyani? Kupanga njira yopangira mapepala amphamvu. Ofufuzawo angolandira ndalama zopangira malo opangira zinthu zomwe zimapanga zofunikira.
Muyenera kulowa nawo kuti musiyire ndemanga.
Kodi betri yapepala imagwira ntchito bwanji?
Ma elekitironi opangidwa ndi mabakiteriya omwe amatulutsa mphamvu amapita kudzera mu cell ya cell. Mphamvu yomwe idagwiritsidwa ntchito ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito kulipira betri kudzera pama electrodes akunja.
Asayansi adagwiritsa ntchito madzi kapena madzi ena amadzi kukhazikitsa betri. Mukakhala mu sing'anga yamadzimadzi, mabakiteriya amayamba kugwira ntchito ndikuyamba kupanga mphamvu, zomwe ndizokwanira chakudya, mwachitsanzo, chowerengera digito.
Monga gawo la zoyesazo, momwe mpweya wa "bacteria" unagwirira ntchito udawululidwa. Mpweya wa oxygen umadutsa mosavuta papepala ndipo umatha kukhala ndi ma elekitironi opangidwa ndi mabakiteriya. Zowona, mpweya wochepa umachepetsa mphamvu zamagetsi, koma zotere ndizochepa.
Batiri lamapepala ndi mankhwala otayira. Pakadali pano, prototype yapangidwa, moyo wa alumali womwe uli pafupi miyezi inayi. Asayansi akupitilizabe kugwira ntchito kuti athandize anthu ambiri kuti asungidwe.
Kwa ogwiritsa ntchito kwambiri, mphamvu ya mabatire a mapepala imafunikanso kuwonjezeredwa nthawi pafupifupi 1000. Izi zimatheka pomanga ndi kulumikiza palimodzi ndi mphamvu zingapo zamapepala.
Pakadali pano, omwe adayambitsa adapereka kale patent yofunsira ndipo akusaka ndalama kuti agulitse malonda.
Kufunika kwamphamvu zama pepala
M'madera akutali a dziko lapansi komwe mphamvu zamagetsi zimakhala zochepa, zinthu za tsiku ndi tsiku - malo ogulitsira magetsi ndi mabatire - ndizabwino kwa ogwiritsa ntchito.
Ogwira ntchito zachipatala m'magawo ngati amenewo nthawi zambiri alibe magetsi ogwiritsira ntchito zida zowunikira mphamvu. Nthawi yomweyo, mabatire apamwamba nthawi zambiri sapezeka kapena amakhala okwera mtengo kwambiri.
Ndi zigawo zotere zomwe magetsi atsopano amafunikira mwachangu - zotsika mtengo komanso zosavuta kunyamula. Kupanga kwa mtundu watsopano wa batri - pepala, lotsogozedwa ndi mabakiteriya, ndi njira yothanirana ndi mavuto omwe alipo.
Mapepala ali ndi katundu wapadera, amagwira ntchito ngati chida popanga biosensors. Ndiwotsika mtengo, wotayika, komanso wothandiza wokhala ndi malo akulu.
Mabatire am'mabizinesi azamalonda ndi amphamvu kwambiri komanso okwera mtengo. Mphamvu zamagetsi zamtunduwu sizingaphatikizidwe pamagawo amtundu. Chifukwa chake, yankho labwino kwambiri ndi batire ya bio.
