Zomwe zimachitika pakakhala nsomba m'madzi akuwonekera sizosangalatsa ndipo zimafunika kuchitapo kanthu mwachangu. Kuyambira nthawi iyi titha kuganiza kuti aquarium yasala bwino. Onse okhala mnyumba yamadzi chotere ali pachiwopsezo cha matenda. Tikuyamba kuganiza za chifukwa cha zomwe zidachitika, kuwerenga mosamalitsa upangiri m'mabuku ndi pa intaneti, ndipo koposa zonse, tichitepo kanthu zina mwachangu. Ndikofunikira kupeza yankho labwino ndikuchotsa vutoli mpaka kumapeto.
Kodi mawonetseredwe akulu ndi otani?
Kunyansidwa ndi thupi la nsomba - matenda oyambitsidwa ndi tiziromboti tating'ono tinsomba - ichthyophthirius ciliates. Masiku ano, pali malingaliro ambiri pa gulu la ichthyophthirius. Amasiyana mosiyanasiyana ndi kukula kwa ma cell nucleus, komanso zinthu zina zachilengedwe. Koma chinthu chimodzi chimakhala chokhazikika - kwa moyo, majeremusi amafunika tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta nsomba. Mmenemo mumakhala ma cyst amakula, amakula, amakula, amakula ndipo amalekanitsidwa pomwe amapangidwa.
Chimachitika ndi chiyani nsomba? Imakutidwa ndi madontho oyera oyera. Kusuntha kwake kumakhala kowoneka bwino komanso kosasinthika. Nthawi zina amatha kupukuta pansi pouma. Nthawi zambiri amabisala kumtambo. Ziphuphuzi nthawi zina zimamatirana ndikuwoneka zachilendo. Kusowa kwa nsomba kulibe. Nsomba zotere zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe osasangalatsa ndipo zimafunikira chithandizo chamwadzidzidzi.
Kodi izi ndizowopsa bwanji?
Matenda a nsomba imodzi siosangalatsa. Koma vuto lake ndi ili: chotupa, chomwe chatuluka m'thupi, ndi malo omwe ma centiates mazana angapo amtsogolo ali okhazikika. Iwo, akusuntha mosavuta m'madzi, amafika thupi la nsomba zathanzi, amalowa m'matumbo mwake ndikupanga mafinya. Dzina lina la mapangidwe oterewa ndi tubermles dermoid. Mwa iwo, njirayi imatenga masiku angapo ndikutha ndi mapangidwe a cyst yomweyo, omwe amasiyanitsidwa kenako.
Pomwepo tidayankha funso: Kodi zoyera zoyera zimachokera kuti pa nsomba?
Ngati zinthu za munthawi yake sizitengedwa kuti muwononge ma ciliates ndikuphera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'madzimadzi, zinthu zamoyo zitha kufa.
Kodi centiates amalowa bwanji m'madzi?
Monga majeremusi aliwonse, ichthyophthyrius sangakhalepo popanda chamoyo. Madzi ndi njira chabe (chinthu) chosinthira kuchokera pamunthu wina kupita kwa wina. Chifukwa chake, majeremusi amatha kulowa m'malo otetezedwa am'madzi m'njira zingapo:
- ndi nsomba zamatenda (mwina panthawi yogula panalibe ziwonetsero zoonekera za matendawa - yotchedwa "nthawi ya makulidwe"),
- ndi madzi a cyst
- Zomera, ngati zakula posachedwa m'madzimo,
- ndi chakudya chamoyo chopezedwa kuchokera m'madzi momwe ma tizilombo toyambitsa matenda adalipo.
Mosiyana ndi nsomba zomwe zophimbidwa ndi ma tubercles oyera, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda sawoneka m'madzi ndi zomera. Chifukwa chake, izi ndizowopsa. Chifukwa chake, ichthyophthyroidism ndi ciliator ichthyophthyrius mu kuchitapo.
Kodi zovuta za momwe zinthu ziliri ndi ziti?
Nsomba zokhala ndi ichthyophthyroidism zimafooka ndipo sizimadwala matenda ena. Matenda awo nthawi zambiri amawonjezeka ndikuphatikizira kachilombo ka bacteria kapena virus. Pankhaniyi, kutupa ndi kuledzera kumawonjezeredwa ndi zisonyezo za ichthyophthyroidism.
Chofunikanso ndikuzindikira koyenera nthawi yomweyo. Kumayambiriro kwa matendawa, amatha kusokonezeka ndi matenda oyamba ndi fungus (mwachitsanzo, dermatomycosis). Komabe, pankhaniyi, pakapita nthawi, mfundozo zidzakhala fluffy (zitha kuwoneka pachithunzichi).
Madontho oyera nawonso ndi chizindikiro choyamba cha matenda a lepidortosis. Zowona, mapangidwe ake ndi ma pustule okhala ndi madzi.
Kuzindikira koyenera ndi chitsimikizo cha chithandizo chapanthawi yake komanso chothandiza.
Kodi ichthyophthyroidism ndi chiyani?
Wothandizila wa matendawa ndi ciliary infusoria. Kufika pa chiweto, chimachoka, chomwe chimatsogolera kuimfa. Ngati palibe zisankho zomwe zingachitike, anthu onse am'madzi angomwalira posakhalitsa.
Mitundu yamitundu iyi ndi yachilengedwe. Kukula kwawo mu gawo la akulu kumafika 1 mm. Parasitizing, madontho oyera amawoneka pamimba ya nsomba, yofanana ndi semolina semolina (motero dzina). Maselo a Ichthyophthirius amakula mkati mwake, omwe amadya minyewa mpaka atakhazikika bwino. Kenako tiziromboti timachoka kwawo ndikukakhala pansi, pomwe umayamba kuchulukana kwambiri, ndikupanga maselo a atsikana chikwi patsiku. Akapangira, amapatsira nyama zatsopano, ndikuponyera matumba kapena pansi pa mamba. Kuzungulira konse kumatenga pafupifupi sabata. Panthawi imeneyi, ma ciliates amatha kupatsira anthu onse okhala m'madzimo. Palinso mtundu wina wotentha wa ichthyophthyroidism. Zimasiyanasiyana momwe zimaberekera, zomwe sizichitika pansi pa madzi, koma mwachindunji pa thupi la nsomba.
Zizindikiro zoyambirira za kupusa: kuwoneka ngati totupa loyera m'thupi la nsomba, kusowa kudya, mantha.
Kuphatikiza pa kuwoneka ngati totupa loyera, machitidwe a chiweto amatha kusintha. Amayamba kupukuta miyala ndi kukongoletsa, ngati kuti akuziyambitsa kena kake. Chifukwa chake, pakusintha kwina kulikonse m'makhalidwe, muyenera kupenda mosamala thupi, makamaka mbali ndi makutu.
Zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa
Nthawi zambiri, semolina amalowa m'madzi ndi madzi kapena nsomba zatsopano kuchokera ku sitolo. Malo ogulitsa ziweto akuluakulu amakhala mokhazikika, kuyang'ana zinthuzo kuti zikhalepo zamatenda am'madzi, komanso m'masitolo ang'onoang'ono sangaone majeremusi. Zakudya zozizira sizowopsa, ngakhale pali zovuta zochepa chifukwa cha zomwe zimayambitsa.
Ichthyophthyroidism imakonda kupanga m'madzi ndi kutentha kwapakati kapena kotentha. Nthawi yomweyo, majeremusi amasinthasintha mawonekedwe ndi kukhazikika kulikonse. Nsomba zam'madzi oyera okhala ndi chitetezo chofooka chimakhala ndi kachilombo. Chifukwa chake chimatha kukhala kupsinjika, kusakhala bwino, kudyetsa kosayenera, anansi ankhanza. Amphaka amatha kukhala pa thupi la nyama yathanzi ndikudikirira nthawi yoyenera. Chifukwa chake, mawonekedwe abwinobwino ndi mtundu wowoneka bwino sizitanthauza kuti sizowopsa kwa ziweto zina. Ngakhale sakadwala, nzika zina zapansi pamadzi, zomwe thupi lawo limafooka, zimatha kudwala.
Kupewa
Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, matenda amapezeka nthawi zambiri mwangozi, chifukwa cha kuyang'anira kapena kuphwanya malamulo aukhondo. Ma ciliates ndi ochepa kwambiri (mpaka 1 mm), kotero kudumpha ndikosavuta. Kungoyang'ana mokwanira ndikuyeretsa bwino bwino zonse zomwe mumayika mu aquarium ndizomwe zimakutetezani ku zovuta zamtsogolo. Kuikidwa kwa okhawo kumene kumaperekanso zabwino.
Onani zovuta zamatenda am'madzi am'madzi.
Mukakumana ndi matenda osasangalatsa ngati ichthyophthyroidism, musachite mantha. Matendawa ndi othandizika, ndipo mukayamba pa nthawi yake, abwezeretsa thanzi lanu ndikukhala bwino pansi pamadzi anu.
Zizindikiro za matendawa
Zizindikiro zazikulu zimaphatikizira kuwoneka kwa madontho oyera pathupi, komanso kusintha kwamakhalidwe. Kamodzi pa epithelium, tiziromboti timayambitsa kuyabwa ndi kupweteka, kufooka wamba. Izi zikuwonekera pamakhalidwewo. Ziwetozo zimachita mantha, chilala chimasowa, amafinya zipsepopo ndi kusambira pang'ono, kapena kuyesa kukanda mbali kapena pamimba pake pazokongoletsa komanso dothi.
Popeza kuti Ihtik adazindikira koyambirira, ndikosavuta kuthana ndi vuto ngati lonyalanyazidwa. Nsomba zodwala zimagwidwa ndi mabakiteriya ena ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono kudzera mu minofu ya zilonda zowonongeka.
Ichthyophthyroidism imatha kulowa mu aquarium ndi nsomba zatsopano kapena chakudya chamoyo. Choyamba, ndimavutika ndi nsomba yokhala ndi chitetezo chamthupi chofooka.
Timalimbikitsa kuwerenga nkhaniyi: Fin rot in fish aquarium: Zizindikiro, mankhwala
Chifukwa chiyani matendawa amawonekera
Kuwola kwa nsomba zam'madzi kumachitika pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana:
Kuwerenga koyenera
Mankhwala owola
Choyamba ndi kuipitsa dothi. Aquarium iyenera kutsukidwa ndikutsukidwa, kuchotsa zolembedwa pamakoma, kufinya nthaka, kutsuka zosefera bwino. Koma musachite izi pafupipafupi. Kuchokera ku malo okhala oyera kwambiri, chitetezo cha mthupi chimachepa.
Chiweto chodwala chitha kugulidwa ku malo ogulitsira, ndipo chimapatsira ena onse. Musanagule nsomba, ayang'anireni: pa matupi awo sayenera kukhala ntchofu, chifuwa, kuwonongeka. Onetsetsani kuti mwakhala m'chipinda chokha kwa milungu 2-4 musanayambe nsomba yatsopano m'madzi. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera mtsuko wa lita zitatu. Kuyika dothi mmenemo sikufunika, koma mbewu zingapo zokumba sizingasokoneze.
Madzi ozizira amakwiyitsanso matendawa. Ndikofunikira kukhalabe kutentha kwachilengedwe mu aquarium.
Chifukwa china ndikulowerera kulowa m'madzi azakudya zomwe zimayambukiridwa ndi majeremusi, madzi, mbewu ndi zinthu zamkati. Asanayike chilichonse mumadzimadzi, amayenera kuyeretsedwa.
Kukula kwa kupsinjika kwakukulu mu nsomba kumakhala ndi matenda. Nthawi zambiri zimapezeka mu ziweto nthawi yosuntha kapena kuyeretsa aquarium.
Kodi ndizotheka kulimbana ndi matendawa?
Gawo loyamba lomwe am'madzi amatenga ndikutentha madziwo mpaka 28-32 ° C. Nthawi yomweyo, mchere wamba wa patebulo umawonjezeredwa ndi madzi. Kuchuluka kwake kumawerengedwa kuchokera ku gawo la 2 g lamchere pa lita imodzi yamadzi.
Nthawi yowonetsera zinthuzi iyenera kukhala osachepera sabata.
Pakumayambiriro kwa njira za pathological mu aquarium, njirayi ingathandize. Zowona, ambiri amati izi zimangokhudza ma ichthyophthyrius ena omwe amangomvera mchere ndi kutentha thupi.
Chithandizo chachiwiri chotchuka kunyumba ndikuwonjezera mankhwala. Copper sulfate, malachite wobiriwira, methylene buluu (buluu), formalin, potaziyamu permanganate, furatsilin: ichthyophthyroidism ikhoza kugonjetsedwa. Koma kodi anthu onse okhala adzakhala othandiza: mbewu, nkhono, shrimp ndi zina? Ndikwabwino kuiganizira pasadakhale.
Kodi muyenera kuyesa kuchitanso chiyani?
Nthawi zina ichthyophthyrius yogonjetsedwa ndi mankhwalawa ndi furatsilin, bicillin, furazolidone amalowetsedwa m'masitolo otentha ndi nsomba zotentha.
Zizindikiro za "kuvunda" mu nsomba zikupitirirabe, ngakhale kuli kwakuti kumakhala kupendekeka kwakanthawi m'madzi. Kodi muyenera kuchitira bwanji mawonetseredwe a ichthyophthyroidism?
Masiku ano, Antipar ndi njira yothandiza kwambiri. Ili ndi antiparasitic katundu, mankhwala amphamvu ndi antifungal. Kufanana ndi ichthyophthyroidism, mutha kuthana ndi matenda oyambitsidwa ndi bakiteriya.
Madzimadzi amadziwika ndi mtundu wobiriwira wobiriwira komanso fungo linalake. Izi ndichifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa malachite obiriwira ndi formalin.
Zowonjezera zina zamankhwala zimathandizanso kukonzanso khungu la nsomba, momwe limakhalira nthawi zonse. Wosaka nsomba wofuna kuchiritsa nsomba ayenera kuyambiranso kulandira chithandizo kawiri konse tsiku lililonse.
Onjezani wothandizirayo pamlingo wa 1 ml pa 10 malita a madzi mu aquarium.
Mapangidwe ofanana a Sera Costapur. Khalidwe lake lothetsera chidwi limapangitsa kuti malonda azikhala achuma. Mapiritsi a 50 ml ndi okwanira kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda okhala ndi madzi okwanira 800 malita.
Wopanga waku Germany adawonetsetsa kuti nyamayo ilibe poizoni wa nsomba.
Anthu nthawi zambiri amafunsa: kodi ndizotheka kuyeretsa nsomba m'madzi pambuyo pothamangitsidwa ndi nsomba ndi ichthyophthyroidism? Pochotsa onse okhala m'madzimo, kutsuka bwino mkati ndi kutsanulira madzi oyera, amathanso kuthira tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Kuti muchite izi, onjezani madontho 3-4 pamadzi okwanira 25 malita. Komabe, pali vuto: kusefedwa kapena kuthandizira sikuyenera kuchitika. Kuwonetsera (nthawi yowonetsera) kuyenera kusungidwa molingana ndi malangizo a wopanga mofatsa. Zomwe zimapangidwazo ziyenera kubwerezedwa tsiku lachitatu.
Ndi mankhwala ena ati omwe alipo?
Pakati pa akatswiri odziwa ntchito zam'madzi komanso amateurs, ulamuliro wina ali ndi ulamuliro wina - Tetra ContraIck kuphatikiza. Njira zochulukitsira zochita. Zimathandizira kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'matumbo ambiri, kuphatikizapo ichthyophthyroidism.
Malinga ndi malongosoledwewo, kapangidwe kake kalibe mphamvu pa biocenosis yomwe idayamba mnyumba yamadzi.
Ubwino wa mankhwalawa ndiwowonekera pang'ono. Patsiku lachinayi zinthu zikhala bwino, ndipo patatha masiku angapo, kukhala bwino kudzabwezeretsedwa kwathunthu: malo osambira azidzawoneka ngati kale.
Mawonekedwe a semolina pathupi amatha kuwongoleredwa mothandizidwa ndi Delagil ndi Iodinol. Musanayambe kuphunzira nawo, muyenera kuwerenga malangizowo. Ngakhale kuti amaonedwa kuti ndi otetezeka kwa nsomba ndi mbewu, nthawi zina zipse za nsomba zimayamba kuwonongeka (pambuyo pake zimabwezeretsedwa). Amadyetsa panthawi zotere za okhala m'madzi azikhala ocheperapo, chifukwa kudya kwawo kumachepa.
Iodinol, kuwonjezera pa zomwe tafotokozazi, imathandiza kuthana ndi vuto la ayodini ndipo imapanganso zinthu zomwe zimathandizira pochiritsa mabala m'thupi. Pali umboni wogwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa panthawi yopanga. Kuwononga zinthu kumakhudza mazira abwino: sizimapanga malo owola ndipo palibe zizindikiro zosonyeza kuti sizabwino.
Njira zimaphatikizira kuonjezera kuuma kwa madzi, kutulutsa kwawo mobwerezabwereza kumadzi kumakhala ndi kuchuluka.
Pozindikira "semolina" pamadzi a nsomba, simungakayike. Ambiri, makamaka ngati muli mwachangu mu aquarium, amakonda kudikira kapena kugwiritsa ntchito miseche "nyumba" yofatsa. Izi zimasewera m'manja mwa tiziromboti: amapatsidwa nthawi yoyenera kubereka. Nsomba imodzi yodwala m'masiku ochepa imatha kupatsira anthu ambiri okhala pafupi. Othandizira olimbitsa thupi omwe ali ndi odziwa zambiri: Ngati sizotheka kubzala mwachangu, ndibwino kudzipereka chifukwa cha thanzi mnyumba ya madzi. Kuchiza moyenera komanso kwakanthawi ndiye chinsinsi cha zotsatira zabwino polimbana ndi ichthyophthyroidism.
Mankhwala osokoneza bongo
Ngakhale kuti chinyengo chimakonda kubweretsa imfa, pali mwayi woti mwachangu mubwerere kuchipinda chanu chathanzi. Pali chithandizo chambiri chomwe chilipo. Kukonzekera kwachipatala konse ndi njira zina kumagwiritsidwa ntchito:
Antipar. Adapangira makamaka maiwe ochita kupanga. Mulinso malachite obiriwira, abuluu ndi a formalin. Ndikwabwino kuti muigwiritse ntchito poyenga panjira, popeza kuti antipar imakhudzana ndi dongosolo lazinthu zoyambira, zomwe zimabweretsa zolephera zazikulu.
Ngati kuli kofunikira kuchitira onse okhala mmalo mwake, tikulimbikitsidwa kubwezeretsa kotala la voliyumu yonse musanagwiritse ntchito. Kenako mankhwalawa amawonjezeredwa "mumtsuko", pamlingo wa 1 ml pa malita 50. Monga lamulo, ndikwabwino kuchitira chithandizo chotsutsa-usiku usiku pozimitsa kuyatsa ndi kusefa. Ndikwabwino kusadyetsa nsomba panthawiyi. Kutalika mpaka masiku 10,
Mchere. Njira imodzi yakale kwambiri komanso yotsimikiziridwa yothetsera semolina ndiyo chithandizo chamchere ndi kutentha thupi. Madzi ofunda amathandizira kuzungulira kwamoyo, ndipo mchere umapangitsa chilengedwe kukhala chosakwanira. Komabe, mpaka pano, ichthyophthyroidism yotentha imatha kukhala yowonjezera matendawa. Monga mukudziwa, amakonda malo otentha ndipo amakhala m'madzi amchere m'chilengedwe, motero njirayi singagwire ntchito. Pofuna kukulitsa vuto la omwe ali ndi kachiromboka, mutha kuyiyika mu chiwiya china, muchepetse gawo laling'ono ndikuthira mchere pansi osasungunuka. Mukadwala ndi ichthyophthyroidism wamba, protozoa, panthawi yotsikira pansi kuti agawike, amafa m'malo amchere. Ndi njira iyi, ndikofunikira kusintha madzi kawiri pa tsiku. Palibenso chitsimikizo kuti chithandiza ndi nsomba zam'madzi otentha,
Malachite wobiriwira. Njira yosavuta, yotsika mtengo komanso yothandiza yothana ndi kuvunda. Munthawi yoyenera, sizivulaza dziko lapansi kapena chomera.Mankhwala amawonjezeredwa muyezo wa 0,09 mg / l (kwa nyama zolimba, ndendeyo imayatsidwa). Kutentha kuyenera kukwezedwa mpaka madigiri + 26. Kuti muchite bwino, dontho la ayodini limatha kuwonjezeredwa kuti lipangidwe. Mankhwalawa amayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito tsiku lililonse, m'malo mwa kotala limodzi, mpaka zizindikirazo. Ndiye, kwa prophylaxis, chithandizo chimachitika kwa masiku ena angapo. Ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti mankhwalawa ndi oopsa kwa anthu, chifukwa chake muyenera kugwira ntchito ndi magolovesi,
Methylene buluu. Monga lamulo, limagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati prophylaxis itatha chithandizo chachikulu. Yankho likukonzekera - 10 g ya "buluu" pa lita. Kenako imawonjezedwa mpaka 3 ml pa 10 l mpaka kuchira komaliza.
Delagil. Mankhwalawa ndi a anthu. Sizothandiza kwenikweni poyerekeza ndi zobiriwira za malachite, koma sizovulaza konse kwa nsomba ndi zomera. Kukonzekera yankho - piritsi limodzi la malita 30 a buku. Kenako imathiridwa mu nazale. Pa chithandizo, muyenera kuchotsa kwathunthu ndikuyambiranso chidebecho kutali ndi dzuwa. Delagil amathandizira kumayambiriro kwa matendawa, mwinanso njira zamphamvu ndizofunikira,
Furatsilin. Imakhalanso yothandiza komanso yotetezeka kwa anthu okhalamo. Piritsi 1 imapukusidwa mu malita 30-40, ndikutsanulira masiku awiri aliwonse. Tsiku lililonse muyenera kulowetsa gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a buku. Zochita zimabwerezedwa mpaka kuchiritsidwa kwathunthu,
Furazolidone. Pofuna kuthana ndi infusoria amagwiritsidwa ntchito molumikizana ndi malachite obiriwira. Likukhalira chida chomwe chimachotsa majeremusi pang'onopang'ono komanso moyenera. Zitenga pa mapiritsi 5 mpaka 10 a furazolidone pa 100 l, ndi 0,06 mg wa malachite. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zosaposa sabata imodzi ndikusintha kwa tsiku lililonse,
Hydrogen peroxide. Amathiridwa mu aquarium kawiri pa tsiku, muyezo wa 1 ml pa 10 malita. Kutalika ndikumakhala payekha, koma osayima mpaka muwonetsetse kuti palibe kachilombo,
Nyali ya UV ya aquarium.
Formalin. Nthawi zambiri, amagwiritsidwa ntchito molumikizana ndi "buluu" ndi "malachite" (Antipar), koma ena amachiritsa ziweto ndi formalin yekha. Chida chake ndichothandiza, koma chikuyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala kwambiri. 0,25 ml ya mankhwala pa lita iliyonse amawonjezeredwa tsiku lililonse. Tsiku lililonse gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a bukuli limasinthidwa. Kuchiza kumapitirirabe mpaka zizindikiro zonse za matenda am'mimba zitatha. Ndikofunikira pakadali pano kuti zitsimikizire kuti madzi ali ndi mphamvu yambiri. Komanso, zitsamba ndi zitsamba zingafe chifukwa cha mankhwalawo.
Potaziyamu permanganate. Pali malingaliro awiri. Loyamba limaphatikizapo kuphatikiza ndalama ku tanki pa 2 mg / l. Ngati maola angapo madzi atadzaza, tikulimbikitsanso kuyambiranso mankhwalawo. Pakupita maola ochulukirapo, madzi amafunika kusintha. Kubwereza mpaka nsomba itabwezeretsedwa kwathunthu.
Njira yachiwiri imaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito 10 mg / L. Konzani malo osambira okhala ndi yankho momwe amasungira ziweto zokhala ndi kachilombo kwa theka la ola. Pakadali pano, muyenera kuwunika momwe zinthu zikuyendera, ndipo ngati mukusokonekera kapena kutaya mosatulutsa, muikeni mwachangu m'madzi oyera,
Sterilizer ya UV. Njira yamakono yochizira matenda a protozoa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Mphamvu ndi nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito zimatsimikiziridwa mosasamala. Nthawi zambiri, chipangizocho chimangoyendetsa zinthu kuzungulira koloko mpaka tiziromboti titawonongeratu.
Zida zina zapadera. Izi zimaphatikizapo mankhwala monga Kostapur, SuperIkKyu, Kontraik, etc. Choyambirira, kotala la voliyumu limasinthidwa, ndiye kuyatsa kumazimitsidwa ndipo mankhwalawo amayamba, malinga ndi malangizo. Bwino chitani usiku. Chithandizo chimachitika mpaka zizindikirocho zitatha.
Njira zina
Zoyenera kuchita ngati nsomba ili ndi ichthyophthyroidism, ndipo ndikofunikira kuchitira anthu pawokhapayokha, ndipo palibe njira yogulira kukonzekera kwapadera? Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito njira izi:
- Kutentha kwamadzi. Ma Microorgansters omwe amachititsa kuti ichthyophthyroidism ipangidwe bwino ndikuwonjezereka pa kutentha kwa madzi osaposa madigiri 27. Ndi chiwonetsero ichi kuwonjezeka mpaka madigiri 34- 35, majeremusi amafa patangotha maola ochepa. Komabe, popatsa chidwi ndi njirayi, tifunika kuganizira mawonekedwe a anthu okhala m'madzimo ndi mbewu zomwe zili momwemo.
- Powonjezera mchere wa tebulo. Pamaso pa matendawa, chithandizo cha nsomba cha ichthyophthyroidism mu aquarium wamba chitha kuchitikanso ndi mchere. Amawonjezedwa padziwe lochita kupanga m'chigawo chimodzi cha supuni 1 pa 10 malita a madzi. Pambuyo pake, kutentha mkati mwa aquarium kuyenera kuwonjezeka pang'onopang'ono mpaka madigiri 32.
Ndikofunikira kuzindikira kuti semolina ndimatenda oopsa omwe amakula mwachangu ndipo amafunikira chithandizo cham'tsogolo. Kuchepetsa masoka kumawopseza anthu okhala m'madzi am'madzi ndipo zitha kupangitsa kuti afe. Pachifukwa ichi, zizindikiro zoyambirira za matenda zikawoneka, njira ziyenera kuchitidwa mwachangu.
Gawanani ndi anzanu:
Chithandizo cha semolina wamba aquarium
Mbewu zoyera zitangozindikirika pamzimba ya chiweto, ndikufunika kuyamba chithandizo. Choyamba, muyenera kukweza kutentha. Izi zikuyenera kuchitika pang'onopang'ono kuti nsomba zisakodwe. Popeza takhala masiku ngati amenewa kwa masiku angapo, chitetezo chathupi chikuyenera kulimbitsa.
Ndikofunikanso kusonkha madzi ambiri kuchokera pansi, ndikuchotsa ma ciliates kuti athe kuswana. Onjezani madzi abwino ndikuchotsa nsomba ku aquarium. Wathanzi abzalidwe mosiyana ndi kachilombo.
Ngati sizotheka kubzala nyama muzibowoleza, njira zofatsa ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito - furatsilin. Patatha masiku ochepa chiyambireni kumwa mankhwalawa, zizindikirazo zizichoka. Kenako tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito "kupukutira" kuti tizilombo toononga chilengedwe komanso kuwononga zotsalira majeremusi.
Mndandanda uwu wa zochita ndi woyenera kuthandizira ichthyophthyroidism mu neon ndi mitundu ina ya nsomba.
Zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa
Musanafikebe pa funso la momwe mungachiritsire nsomba zam'madzi, ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa zomwe zimayambitsa ishthyophthyroidism. Zomwe zimayambitsa kwambiri ndi izi:
- Kupeza nsomba m'madzi wamba ndi wodwala. Oyamba oyambitsa nsomba amadzipanga zolakwika nthawi zambiri - nthawi yomweyo thetsani nsomba zomwe mwapeza. Ngati wokhala kumene wayamba kudwala, matenda amatenga. Kuti mupewe izi, muyenera kuyika "obwera kumene" m'malo okhala okhaokha kwa masabata atatu. Sikoyenera kugula chidebe chokha, china wamba ndichabwino pazolinga izi. Ngati panthawiyi sipanapezeke zozizwitsa, mutha kubowola nyanjayo pansi. Ngati pali matenda aliwonse, chithandizo choyambirira chimayenera, ndipo pokhapokhapo khazikitsani omangidwa kumene mu aquarium wamba.
- Kukonzanso pafupipafupi kwamadzi. Ndikofunikira kuyeretsa dziwe lochita kupanga ngati likhala lauve, popanda kugwiritsa ntchito makina ochapira. Ndikofunikira kuzindikira kuti kuwukira kwina kulikonse ndikusautsa kwa okhalamo, ndichifukwa chake chitetezo chochepa kwambiri chimatha kuchepetsedwa.
- Kulowerera kudzera mu chakudya, dothi, masamba ndi zokongoletsera. Musanaike zinthu zilizonse mu malo ammadzi, muyenera kuziika pansi pazamankhwala antiseptic.
- Kutentha kwapafupipafupi kumasintha. Kutentha kosasunthika kwa madzi ndikusintha kwadzidzidzi kuchokera ku kutentha kwambiri mpaka kuzizira kumatha kupangitsa matenda osiyanasiyana a nsomba.
- Mowa woboola pakati. Kuti nsombazo zimve bwino, ndikofunikira kuyeretsa zosefera ndi dothi munthawi yake, ndikuchotsanso zoikamo zomwe zikuwonekera pamalo apakati.
Kutsatira izi mosamala, mutha kuchepetsa kwambiri chiopsezo cha matenda ndi ichthyophthyroidism.
Kukula kwa matendawa ndi zizindikiro zazikulu
Semolina amayamba chifukwa cha tizilombo tosiyanasiyana (ichthyophthirius), parasitizing pakhungu ndi m'magulu a nsomba. Anthu akamalowa mthupi, amayamba kukula mwachangu, ndipo patatha masiku 3-5 amafika kukula kwa 1 mm. Izi ndizotheka pokhapokha ngati matenthedwe amadzi mu aquarium amasungidwa mkati mwa 24-25 madigiri.
Ma microorganism akafika "kukula", amasiya thupi la chinsombacho ndikukakhala pansi pa chimbacho, pomwe amalikhira. Kugawikana kwa maselo a ana aakazi kumachitika mwachangu, mkati mwa maola 6-8, ndipo patatha masiku awiri, majeru "obadwa kumene" amayamba kufunafuna wopereka.
Kuti mudziwe matenda owopsa omwe amatha kuthana ndi mitundu yonse ya nsomba zam'madzi, mutha kuchita izi:
- kukhalapo kwa thupi la oyera oyera mawanga ang'ono, mawonekedwe mawonekedwe ofanana ndi ma semolina. Kumayambiriro kwa matendawa, ndi ochepa, koma pang'onopang'ono kuchuluka kwa madera omwe akukhudzidwa kumawonjezeka.
- Kusintha kwamtundu wamthupi ndi zolembera zoyera pamiyeso. Mutha kuzindikira kuti nsomba zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi matendawa zimakhala ndi mtundu wowala kwambiri kuposa kale.
- mkhalidwe wosakhazikika wa anthu. Nsomba zodziwikiratu zimakonda kupukusa matupi awo motsutsana ndi dothi, algae, ndi zinthu zokongoletsa.
- kusowa chilimbikitso ndi zochita zakunja zakunja. Zizindikirozi zimachitika ngati matendawa amakhudza ziwalo zamkati mwa nsomba. Ndipo muzochitika izi, mutha kuwona momwe anthu am'madzi akuwombera pansi, mwadyera akumeza mpweya.
- kutayika kwamaso. Izi zimachitika pamene majeremusi amakhudzidwa ndi maonekedwe a nsomba.
Pamaso pa chizindikiro chimodzi kapena zingapo, chithandizo cha semolina chimachitika nthawi yomweyo. Kuzindikira kungayambitse imfa ya anthu okhala m'madzimo.
Mankhwala a ichthyophthyroidism
Pakakhala vuto ngati nsomba za m'madzi mu aquarium, chithandizo chitha kuchitidwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana. Mankhwala otsatirawa adadzitsimikizira mwangwiro:
- Antipar. Chida ichi chimawonjezedwa ndi chosungira, poyerekeza kuchuluka kwa 1 ml ya mankhwalawa malita 50 amadzi. Njira ya mankhwalawa imachitika kwa masiku 5-7, pomwe 1/3 yamadzi idzafunika kusinthidwa tsiku lililonse.
- Furatsilin. Kukonzekera njira yothandizira, muyenera piritsi limodzi la mankhwalawa pa malita 40 amadzimadzi. Musanayike mankhwalawa mu aquarium, iyenera kusungunuka kwathunthu m'madzi ofunda. Pambuyo pa tsiku, muyenera kulowetsa 1/5 zamkati ndikuwonjezera yankho lomwe lakonzedwa kuchokera 1/2 piritsi ndi 100 ml ya madzi. Chithandizo cha nsomba ya semolina yokhala ndi furatsilin ikuchitika kuyambira masiku 4 mpaka 6.
- Hydrogen Peroxide 3%. Ngati nsomba zili ndi vuto, chithandizo chitha kuchitidwa mothandizidwa ndi chida ichi. Kuchuluka kwa mankhwala ofunikira kuchiritsa okhala m'madzi am'madzi amawerengedwa potengera gawo limodzi la 1 ml yankho la 10 malita a madzi. Onjezani mankhwala kumadzi 2 pa tsiku. Njira ya mankhwalawa imachitika kufikira anthu atachira kwathunthu.
- Malachite wobiriwira. Kuti muthane bwino ndi semolina mu nsomba za aquarium ndi chida ichi, muyenera kuwona kuchuluka kwa 0,06 mg wa yankho pa lita imodzi yamadzi. Kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa sikuloledwa bwino ndi nsomba, chifukwa chake musapitirire muyeso. Njira ya mankhwalawa imachitika kufikira anthu atachira kwathunthu, ndipo pakuphatikiza kwa mankhwalawo, mankhwalawa amafunika kuti asinthe 1/4 ya zomwe zili mu chosungira.
Kuti mukwaniritse bwino, ndizovomerezeka kuphatikiza mankhwalawa ndi mankhwala a nitrofuran kapena furacilin. Ndipo mutha kugulanso mankhwala apadera pochiza ichthyophthyroidism ndikugwiritsa ntchito mogwirizana ndi malangizo omwe aphatikizidwa.
Kodi kuchitira ichthyophthyroidism masiku ano?
Mpaka pano, njira ziwiri zochizira nsomba kuchokera ku semolina mu aquarium wamba zingaperekedwe. Chimodzi chimafuna kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo: furazolidone ndi analgin-quinine, kapena delagil, ndi ina - mankhwala okhala ndi mkuwa omwe NILPA Helamed. M'malingaliro onsewa, kuphatikiza apo, mankhwala ena otengera malachite obiriwira amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Koma ndibwino (ndipo ndichotetezedwa!) Kutenga NILPA Prototsid. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito njira zonse ziwiri nthawi imodzi mumadzi amodzi, koma chifukwa cha izi muyenera kukhala ndi chidziwitso pochiza nsomba za aquarium. Kukhazikitsa kugunda kwamphamvu kwa ichthyophthyroidism kumveka pokhapokha ngati nsomba zimamwazika kwambiri ndi semolina kapena ma bots ndi ma clown omwe nthawi zonse amakhala ovuta kupulumutsa ku ichthyophthyroidism.
1. Njira ya chithandizo cha Furazolidin-quinine, yomwe pano imatha kuonedwa ngati yapamwamba, idayamba kukambirana ndi ine pagulu lapa aquarium kuno ku Aquarium mu Meyi 2014 (Ndakhala ndikuigwiritsa ntchito kwazaka zoposa 10, ndipo chithandizo cha furazolidone ndi malachite greens idafunsidwanso kumbuyo kwa 2003). Njirayi yathandiza anthu ambiri am'madzi kupulumutsa nsomba zawo. Ndipo imakhalabe yothandiza. Mu kope loyambirira la nkhaniyi, ndidalemba kuti: "Gwiritsani ntchito zathanzi. Chabwino, ndiye kuti tabwera ndi china." Ndipo tsopano nthawi yakwana. Nthawi zina (ndikadali osowa kwambiri, komabe.) Njira ya furazolidone-quinine sigwira kapena kugwira ntchito pang'onopang'ono.
2. Kuphatikiza chithandizo ndi NILPA Protocid ndi NILPA Helamed Zinawoneka zabwino kwambiri ngati njira ina yodzithandizira komanso monga yowonjezera kwa oyambayo. Chinsinsi chake ndikuti samangogwiritsa ntchito mkuwa, womwe umapwetekanso nsomba, koma chelated cheque, chomwe sichiri poizoni ndi nsomba monga ma cates a parasitic, omwe amalola kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mkuwa womwe umakhala kale ndi pothyophthiriuse ndi ma ectellular ectoparasites ena, koma nsomba zopanda vuto.
Zomwe zimafunikira pochiritsika ndi njira ya furazolidone-quinine:
Kuti muphunzitse nsomba kuchokera ku semolina, muyenera kupeza mankhwala otsatirawa kuchokera ku mankhwala a anthu: analgin-quinine kapena khutu (zomwe mungagule) ndi furazolidone . Kuchokera pa malo ogulitsa ziweto: punctolus kuphatikiza, kapena Prototsidom (chomalizachi sichotsika, kapena chothandiza kwambiri, koma chotsika mtengo kwambiri) . Mankhwalawa ndi abwino chifukwa alibe ma formalin, omwe nsomba ndi ma invertebrates samawalekerera. Koma ngati mankhwalawa alibe, ndiye kuti akhoza kusinthidwa PMC, costapur, omnisan, antipar, ichthyophore ndi mitundu ina ya malachite obiriwira 1) .
NILPA PROTOCID - Chida chatsopano chothandiza kuchiza nsomba kuchokera ku semolina-ichthyophthyroidism ndi matenda ena a protozoal! |
Malangizo:
Timabweretsa Prototsid kapena kukonzekera kofanana ndi malachite wobiriwira m'munsi mu aquarium pamlingo wofotokozedwa ndi wopanga. Pakadali pano pali mankhwala osiyanasiyana omwe ali ndi zobiriwira za malachite, kugwiriridwa ndi mtundu wake zomwe zimasiyana kwambiri, chifukwa chake musanagwiritse ntchito mankhwala a "anti-thiophthyroid" ndikofunikira kutengera malangizo omwe aphatikizidwa ndikugwiritsa ntchito Mlingo womwe ukunenedwamo . Nthawi yomweyo Protocid (kapena analogue yake), timawonjezera analgin-quinine (sodium metamizole 200 mg + quinine hydrochloride 50 mg) kapena delagil (chloroquine 250 mg) ku aquarium mu gawo la piritsi limodzi pa 25 l. Milandu yayikulu, nsomba zikamabalalika kwambiri ndi semolina, ndipo ngati madzi am'madzi samakhala achisoni kwambiri, timawonjezeranso furazolidone pa mlingo wa piritsi limodzi pa 15 l, ndikuwonjezera mulingo wa analgininin kapena delagil 1 tebulo imodzi pa 20 l. Kugwiritsa ntchito furozolidone mankhwalawa milandu yayikulu ya ichthyophthyroidism kumawonjezera mwayi wopambana.
Momwe mungapangire mapiritsi mu aquarium? Mutha kupera magomewo kukhala ufa m'matope. Mutha kuwapera onse pamodzi, kenako ndikuwatsanulira kapu ndi madzi osamba firiji ndi kusakaniza bwino mpaka kuyimitsidwa kokhazikika. Kuyimitsidwa kumeneku (ndimadzi amatope okhala ndi tizigawo ting'onoting'ono tamankhwala) kuyenera kuthiridwa mu aquarium. Ndikofunika kutsanulira pansi pa mitsinje ya fyuluta. Simuyenera kuyembekezera kuti ufa womwe umatsanulidwa mu kapu uyenera kusungunuka kwathunthu, izi sizingachitike, ziribe kanthu momwe mungasakanizire bwino komanso kwanthawi yayitali. Kungokhala kuyimitsidwa. Osadandaula, mutathira mu aquarium, nyansi imadutsa mwachangu. Ndikofunika kumwa madzi owiritsa kuti muthe kuyimitsidwa pamapiritsi ophwanyika.
Ngati matope kulibe kunyumba, ingoikani miyala ndi kapu yamadzi ndikudikirira mpaka inyowe. Zimatenga pafupifupi mphindi 20.Kenako sakanizani bwino mpaka mutapeza kuyimitsidwa kofananako ndikutsanulira mu aquarium. Kuyimitsidwa kumatha kusinthidwa pang'ono kukhala emulsion ndipo, potero, imathandizira mawonekedwe ake ochizira ngati sagwiritsira ntchito madzi, koma melafix kapena chifanizo chake chapanja. Kuphatikiza apo, Melafix, imathandizanso kuchiritsa khungu la nsomba, zomwe, ndi ichthyophthyroidism, zimawonongeka kwambiri, chifukwa "zimapangidwa" ndi ma trophons okhwima omwe akutuluka pansi pa gawo la epidermis.
Tsiku lotsatira (ndiye kuti, patsiku lachitatu mutatha kugwiritsa ntchito koyamba), timabwerezanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala onse omwe ali pamwambawa mutasintha madzi pang'ono (25 - 35% ya voliyumu). Nthawi zambiri, kutentha kwa madzi pa nthawi ya mankhwalawa semolina kuyenera kusungidwa pa 28 ° C. Komabe, mitundu ya nsomba ndi kutentha kwa madzi komwe adasungidwa matenda asanazindikiridwe. Mwachitsanzo, ngati matenthedwe anali 20 ° C basi ndipo nsomba imakhala pamtenthedwe kwa nthawi yayitali, ndiye kuti mutha kukweza ndi madigiri atatu. Munthawi ya chithandizo cha masiku 4 - 5, bweretsani 26 ° C. Ndipo m'malo osambira okhala ndi nsomba zamadzi ofunda, okhala ndi kutentha kwa 30 - 32 ° C, munthawi ya chithandizo sikufunika kukweza kutentha kwam'madzi kwambiri.
Tsiku linanso (ndiye kuti, patsiku lachisanu atayamba chithandizo), timabwerezanso kuyambitsidwa kwa mankhwalawa, titasinthanso madzi pang'ono. Chuma chotsatira chili pa 7th tsiku. ndi zina zotero mpaka nsomba zichira kwathunthu. Kuyambira tsiku la 7, mlingo wa furazolidone uyenera kuchepetsedwa piritsi limodzi pa 25 malita, ndi anggin-quinine kapena delagil kuti piritsi 1 pa 40 malita. Kuthandizanso kuthandizira nsomba kuchokera ku semolina, ndikuyambitsa madzi amadzimadzi kumwa mankhwala opangira ayodini mu kuchuluka kwa madontho asanu pa 10 l madzi kapena 1 ml ya iodinol pa 5 l. Muyenera kupanga mphindi 10-15 musanawonjezere mankhwala ena onse.
NILPA KHELAMED - njira yabwino yotsutsana ndi kuvunda. Chofunikira pa mankhwalawa ndikuti ili ndi mkuwa wophimbidwa, womwe siwopseza nsomba, koma umapha parasitic protozoa, mwachitsanzo, ichthyophthyroidism causative agents. |
Momwe mungadyetse nsomba ndikugwiritsa ntchito zida zama aquarium munthawi ya semolina (ichthyophthyroidism)?
Ngati nsomba zadyedwa, ziyenera kudyetsedwa pang'ono panthawi ya chithandizo. Ndikofunika kuthyola kuchuluka kwa chakudya chokwanira tsiku lililonse m'magawo awiri ndikudyetsa m'mawa ndi wina madzulo. Mukakhazikitsa chakudya chonse nthawi imodzi, ndiye kuti izi zimapangitsa kuti nsomba zizipuma kwambiri.
Ma nsomba omwe nsomba amazichitira semolina ayenera kuyamwa bwino.
Simufunikanso kuzimitsa kuyatsa mukamalandira chithandizo ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito nyali wamba ya aquarium. Kuthamanga kwamphamvu kwa mankhwala kumatha kuthandizidwa ndi kuwongolera dzuwa kapena zida zowunikira kwambiri.
Zoyimira zitsulo za UV, ngati zilipo, ziyenera kuzimitsidwa. Chotsani oxidizer mu aquarium.
Pa mankhwala, mpweya kapena zeolite yokhazikitsidwa siyiyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kusefa.
Zoyenera kuchita ngati nthawi ya chithandizo cha nsomba yochokera ku semolina moyikirapo ya ammonia ndi / kapena nitrites m'madzi ikuchuluka?
Ndikulimbikitsa kwambiri kuti mukamalandira chithandizo, yesani madzi amadzimadzi ammonia / ammonia ndi nitrite ion. Ngati chiwopsezo cha ammonia / ammonia (0.5 mg / l) chikuchuluka, gwiritsani ntchito kukonzekera monga NILPA Anti-ammonia kapena API Ammo-Lock, ndipo ngati zinthu za nitrite zikupitirira 0.2 mg / l, onjezerani mchere wambiri supuni yopanda pamwamba pa 100 l).
Pomaliza, chowonadi cha banal: chithandizo cha semolina (ichthyophthyroidism) chikhala chothandiza kwambiri ngati chikuwoneka munthawi yake, ndiye kuti, pamwambo wowoneka wa madontho oyera kapena ochepa okha ngati pamenepokunyenga (ichthyophthyroidism). Chifukwa chake, tiyeni tionenso zachisoni izi, kungoti tili ndi chidaliro kwambiri pakuzindikira.
Khalani ndi funso? Funsani pagawoli, pali mutu wapadera wazokhudza ichthyophthyroidism: "chithandizo cha semolina ".
Zolemba zotsatirazi zitha kuwerengera zamankhwala a semolina ndi zomwe zimapangitsa ichthyophthyroidism: Ichthyophthyrius zoweta komanso zakunja, mitundu ya ichthyophthyroidism. Ichthyophthyroidism - kuzindikira ndi kuchiza. zolemba zazokhudza magawo ofunikira a moyo wa ichthyophthyrius, Ichthyophthyroidism: mawonekedwe obisika. ,Ichthyophthyroidism: mafunso, mayankho, momwe angachitire?
Pazakudya zazakudya: ndi semolina mutha kudyetsa nsomba za ku aquarium, palibe semolina yeniyeni, osati ma tizilombo oyipa a ichthyophthyroidism. Mukufuna kudziwa chifukwa chake? Kenako werengani: Zakudya zachilendo za nsomba za m'madzi: bwanji ndipo bwanji kudyetsa nsomba zam'madzi ndi semolina. Ndipo pomwepa mutha kuwona momwe nsomba yaku aquarium - coconrel waku Siamese amadya semolina, ndipo semolina payekha imamamatira ku nsomba yofanana ndendende ndi zizindikiro za ichthyophthyroidism? Kunena zowona, ayi.
Cockerel mu kuvunda
Zizindikiro ndi zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa
Ngati nsomba zomwe zili m'madzimo zili ndi madontho oyera pathupi, ndiye chizindikiro chachikulu cha matenda omwe akutuluka. Poyamba, mawanga amawoneka ochepa, ndiye kuti tsiku lililonse pamakhala madontho oyera. Madontho oyera pa nsomba samakula kuposa mbewu za semolina. Ichthyophthyroidism mu nsomba imayamba ndi mabakiteriya omwe amalowa mu aquarium, ichthyophthirius ciliates, pamodzi ndi chakudya, nthaka ndi madzi. Bacteria imakhazikitsidwa pamakala a nsomba. Wovunda pa nsomba sioyera, koma ma tubercles omwe majeremusi amatuluka.
- Khalidwe losakhazikika
- nsomba zimapukusa matupi awo, zinthu, dothi,
- pakavulaza ziwalo zamkati, ziweto zimangokhala zolozerako zakunja, chilala chimazimiririka, nthawi zambiri zimakhala pansi pamadzi, kumeza mpweya,
- kuwonongeka kwa cornea, khungu limayamba,
- Mitundu yamakala ndi mamba inazimiririka,
- miyeso imakutidwa ndi zokutira yoyera.
Popanda kuchitapo kanthu mwachangu, anthu okhala m'madzimo amatha kufa chifukwa chosowa mpweya komanso kuwonongeka kwa epithelium ya dera lalikulu.
Mitundu yomwe imakhudzidwa kwambiri nthawi zonse ndi anthu viviparous. Kwa anthu, bacterium iyi ilibe vuto.
Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a nsomba ndi decoy:
- chakudya chamoyo, ndizovuta kwambiri kuchotsa majeremusi pazomera zomwe zimabweretsa kuchokera m'malo otentha,
- kuwoneka kwa nsomba yatsopano mu Aquarium,
- dothi lonyansa
- Chifukwa chosasenda bwino bwino m'madzi: chotsani zokutira pakhoma, sambani chofunda,
- madzi ozizira
- Kusintha kwa kutentha m'madzimo,
- kupsinjika
Pa nthawi yoyamba ya matendawa, ma tubercles Ichthyophthirius (dzina lina la matendawa), ndizosatheka kuwona ndi maliseche.
Ichthyophthyridiosis chithandizo cha mchere
Njirayi ndi yoyenera kuthandizira ma ciliates omwe amachokera kumadzi am'deralo, chifukwa mabakiteriya otentha amalekerera madzi amchere. Mchere uyenera kuthandizidwa powerengera supuni imodzi pa 10 malita a madzi, pomwe pang'onopang'ono kukweza kutentha mpaka madigiri 32. Kutalika kwa chithandizo ndi masiku 14. Pambuyo pa chithandizo chamankhwala kwa masiku 30, ndikofunikira kusintha madzi ndi 30% sabata iliyonse. Kuchita bwino kumatheka pochepetsa kuchuluka kwa mpweya m'miyoyo ya ma ciliates, ndipo kutentha kwa madzi kumawalepheretsa kubereka.
"Malachite Green"
Kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwa mankhwalawa kumatsalira chifukwa chakuti kuchuluka kwa 0,09 mg / l nsomba ndi mbewu kumalekerera, ndipo kuchepa kwa ndende kumayambitsa kuchepa kwamphamvu. Komanso chisonyezo cha osapitirira 0,06 mg / l ndikulimbikitsidwa ngati nsomba zazing'ono ndi oyimilira opanda mamba amakhala mu aquarium. Zimayambitsidwa pang'onopang'ono mpaka zotsekemera zimatha, ndipo patapita masiku angapo kuchotsedwa kwa zizindikiro zowoneka. Ndi chithandizo chatsopano chilichonse, ndikofunikira kusintha madzi.
Kusakaniza kwa mankhwala obiriwira a malachite ndi ena
Kuphatikizikako kudapangidwa kuti athane ndi matenda, ndikofunikira kuchitira chithandizo chokha mwa oyang'anira ndende, popeza kugwiritsa ntchito izi kumasokoneza kusefera kwachilengedwe.
Mankhwala otsatirawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza semolina mu nsomba:
Kuphatikiza kwa malachite obiriwira, methylene buluu ndi formalin kumathandiza kulimbana ndi ichthyophthyroidism. Kusakaniza kwa mankhwalawa kumatchedwa chithandizo cha anti-steam.
Chithandizo cha ichthyophthyroidism ndi furacilin ndiwothandizanso wabwino pakuyambitsa matenda. Furatsilin akugulitsidwa pamalo ogulitsira mankhwala. Mankhwala amafunikira monga mapiritsi a 0,02 g. Pazithandizo, muyenera kuyika mapiritsi 1.5 mumadzi ofunda, kuti athetse kwathunthu. Onjezerani njira yobiriwira ya malachite yobiriwira kumadzimadzi. Kuphatikizika uku ndikokwanira kwa aquarium yokhala ndi 20 malita.
Ngati furatsilin imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanda kuphatikiza ndimankhwala ena, ndiye kuti mapiritsi a 6-8 pa lita 100 zamadzi amawerengedwa. Tsiku lililonse kwa masiku 4-6, madzi ayenera kusinthidwa ndi 20% ndikuwonjezera theka la mapiritsi osungunuka.
Kukonzekera kotsimikizika kwa ichthyophthyroidism mu nsomba za aquarium:
- wopanga Sera,
- Wopanga Tetra,
- Aquarium Pharmaceuticals (API),
- JBL Punktol ULTRA (m'magawo owopsa a matendawa).
Aquarium Madawa akupezeka mu kapisozi ndi mawonekedwe amadzimadzi. Mankhwala amadzimadzi ali ndi mawonekedwe osiyana ndi makapisozi ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito pambuyo pa mankhwala a kapisozi kapena m'malo mwake momwe matendawo amawonekera.
Semka pa nsomba amabwereka bwino kuthandizira ndi mankhwala apadera a pharmacy. Mapiritsi amapangidwa ndi opanga osiyanasiyana, mndandanda wamankhwala a nsomba za semolina amasinthidwa nthawi ndi nthawi. Izi ndichifukwa choti mankhwalawa omwe amathandizidwa m'mbuyomu amalephera kugwira ntchito, mabakiteriya amatenga chitetezo cha mthupi, motero njira zochizira nsomba zimakonzedwa nthawi zonse.
Musanagwiritse ntchito mankhwalawa ichthyophthyroidism, ndikofunikira kuwerenga malangizo mosamala, mankhwala aliwonse ali ndi kapangidwe kake komanso mankhwala omwe ali ndi zotsatira zosiyana ndi anthu okhala m'madzimo.
Pamodzi ndi chithandizo cha anthu okhala m'malo osungirako, tikulimbikitsidwa kutsatira malangizo otsatirawa pochiza ichthyophthyridosis:
- kuchuluka kuchulukitsa,
- kusunga kutentha kwa madzi.
Pambuyo pa chithandizo, aquarium iyenera kumasulidwa ku nsomba ndikusiyidwa kwa masiku angapo. Kutentha kwamadzi kuyenera kukhala mkati mwa madigiri 32. Posefera, gwiritsani ntchito malasha pochotsa mankhwala osungira. Sikoyenera kuchotsa nkhono ndi mbewu ku aquarium.
Zizindikiro zake
Maonekedwe a mbewu pa thupi la phenotypes amadziwika kuti ndiye chizindikiro chachikulu cha matenda a semolina - poyamba chiwerengero chawo chimakhala chochepa, koma pang'onopang'ono kuchuluka kwa ma tubercles kumawonjezeka. Bacteria yomwe imasowetsa semolina mu nsomba imalowa mu thanki limodzi ndi madzi omwe ali ndi kachilombo, chakudya kapena gawo lapansi, kenako, ndikumalumikiza m'miyeso ya nsomba za aquarium. Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti kuchokera ku ma tubercles owoneka pa thupi la nsomba yomwe ili ndi kachilombo, mabakiteriya amatha kupita kunja, ndikupatsira matendawa onse okhala mosungira. Komabe, akatswiri azam'madzi amasangalala poona kuti nsomba zomwe zakhala ndi ichthyophthyroidism zimateteza matendawa.
Zizindikiro za semolina mu nsomba za aquarium zafotokozedwa motere:
- Odwala amakhala ndi machitidwe osakhazikika: kumathamangira mbali zosiyanasiyana, kuyesera kukwera pamalo olimba mu tank.
- Zowonongeka za ziwalo, ziweto zimasiya kugwira ntchito, kukhala zopanda chidwi.
- Nsomba zimatha kudya, yesani kuyimirira kuti zitheke.
- Thupi la okhala pansi pa madzi limakutidwa ndi mawanga oyera omwe amakula, kuphimba thupi lonse ndi filimu yoyera. Ndi chitukuko chowonjezereka, matendawa amatha kuyambitsa khungu.
Mukapanda kuyambitsa chithandizo cha mankhwala osokoneza bongo, ndiye kuti anthu omwe ali ndi kachilomboka adzafa chifukwa chosowa mpweya komanso kuwonongeka kwa thupi.
Zoyambitsa matenda
Chithandizo cha semolina mu nsomba za ku aquarium ndizovuta chifukwa chakuti pamagawo oyamba ndizosatheka kudziwa matenda. Ndikofunikanso kuti matendawa afalikire mwachangu, motero ndikofunikira kuchitira ichthyophthyroidism mu aquarium wamba kuti tipewe kutenga matenda. Asayansi apeza kuti nthawi zambiri matendawa amakhala ndi zinthu zodabwitsa kwambiri. Kwa munthu, chinyengo sichowopsa.
Zifukwa zazikulu zowonekera za semolina ndi izi:
- Kudyetsa chakudya chopatsirana.
- Kuyambitsanso odwala mu thankiyo kupita ku nsomba zina.
- Kukhazikika kwa dothi lomwe tizilombo toyambitsa matenda alipo.
- Kuperewera kochapira muzotengera ndikusintha kwamadzi.
- Kusintha kwadzidzidzi kwamadzimadzi kutentha.
- Kupezeka kwa zinthu zomwe zimabweretsa kupsinjika kwa ziweto.
Momwe mungachiritsire ichthyophthyroidism
Musanachiritse semolina mu malo ambiri am'madzi, ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa kuti limodzi ndi njira zochiritsira, ndikofunikira kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda enieni, popanda apo matendawa amabwereranso. Muyeneranso kuchitapo kanthu nthawi yomweyo: mutha kuchiritsa nsomba pokhapokha munthawi yake, ndipo pakakhala kuti palibe njira iliyonse, ziweto zodwala zimatha kufa mu sabata limodzi.
Chithandizo cha kunyansidwa kwa nsomba chitha kuchitika m'njira zingapo, zomwe zimayenera kuunikiridwa bwino.
Mchere
Kuthetsa semolina ndi mchere kumatha kuyenda bwino ngati tizilombo toyambitsa matenda atalowa m'madzimo kuchokera m'madzi am'deralo. Tsoka ilo, ma centiates otentha amalekerera madzi amchere, motero njira imeneyi ndi yopanda phindu kwa iwo.
Momwe mungagwirire nsomba za semolina ndi mchere:
- Ndikofunikira kuyeza mulingo woyenera wamchere pamlingo wa 1 tbsp. supuni / 10 l amadzimadzi, ndikuwonjezera mumtsuko.
- Pambuyo pake, kutentha kumawonjezereka mpaka 32C. Njira ya mankhwala ndi milungu iwiri.
Mukamaliza kulandira chithandizo, mwezi wotsatira muyenera kusinthidwa sabata iliyonse ndi 30% ya voliyumu.
Malachite wobiriwira
Matenda a nsomba a Aquarium amatha kuthetsedwa ndi masamba a malachite. Kuti muchotse matendawa, muyenera kuthira mankhwalawo mu thankiyo pamlingo wa 0,09 mg / 1 lita imodzi ya madzi. Pambuyo masiku angapo, ndende imachepetsedwa kukhala 0,06 mg / 1 lita imodzi ya madzi, pomwepo munthawi imodzimodzi ndikupanga kusintha kwamadzimadzi tsiku ndi tsiku mu 25%. Njira yamankhwala imapitilizidwa mpaka ma tubercles atha kuwonekera pa gulu la mayodi, ndipo patatha masiku awiri atatu atasowa kuti athe kugonjetsedwa ichthyophthyroidism.
Hydrogen peroxide
Hydrogen peroxide ndi machiritso ozizwitsa omwe nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthetsa matenda a nsomba zam'madzi. Mukamagwiritsira ntchito, madzi amadzaza amadzaza ndi mpweya, omwe amathandizira mawonekedwe a mayadi. Momwe mungachotsere chinyengo:
- Mankhwala, muyenera 3% hydrogen peroxide, momwe njira yochiritsira idakonzedwera.
- Chogulitsidwacho chimakhudzidwa m'madzi pamlingo wa 1 ml / 10 l yamadzi.
Mukamagwiritsa ntchito hydrogen peroxide, mlingo woyenera uyenera kuyang'aniridwa mosamala, chifukwa zingathe kuvulaza anthu okhala m'madzi.
Njira zina
Pozindikira ichthyophthyroidism mu nsomba, mutha kupulumutsa ziweto ndikuchotsa semolina ndi furacilin kapena njira zina:
- Antipar - machiritso othandiza komanso odabwitsa omangidwa ndi mtundu wa formalin komanso wobiriwira bwino. Mankhwala, mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito 1 ml / 50 l yamadzimadzi. Kutalika kwa ntchito ndi masiku 5. Choyipa chachikulu cha mankhwalawa ndikuti sichimadziwika bwino ndi nsomba, ndipo ziweto zina zitha kufa. Akatswiri odziwa nyanja yamadzi nthawi zina amadzipereka kuti apulumutse gawo la nsomba.
- Furacilin - mankhwalawa amapezeka mu mawonekedwe a ufa wachikasu. Kuchotsa majeremusi mu aquarium, yankho lokonzedwa pamlingo wa 0,1 g / 50 l yamadzimadzi amawonjezeredwa pamadzi apakati. Njira ya mankhwalawa imatha milungu iwiri, ntchito iliyonse ikatha ikasinthidwa madzi mu thanki.
- Mankhwala odziwika ndi dzina la Brand - mumsika wamadzimadzi pali zinthu zambiri zamtundu, zomwe Tetra, Sulfur ndi ena amatchuka. Musanagwiritse ntchito mankhwala aluso, muyenera kuwerenga mosamala malangizo ndi malingaliro a omwe akupanga.
Malangizo Othandiza
Kuchepetsa nsomba ndi matenda owopsa omwe sayenera kunyalanyazidwa. Osatengera njira yomwe adasankha, pamodzi ndi chithandizo, akatswiri amalimbikitsa kutsatira izi:
- Kulimbikitsa kuthandizira mu malo osungira.
- Yang'anirani kutentha kwa malo am'madzi.
Nsomba zikamalizidwa, ndikofunikira kukhazikitsanso onse okhala mgulu lina, ndikusiya aquarium yopanda kanthu. Mu aquarium yakale, ndikofunikira kusunga kutentha kwa 32C, ndikuyika zosefera za kaboni kuti muchotse zotsalira za mankhwala. Ma Shellfish ndi masamba safunikira kuchotsedwa mu chosungira.