Nyama yanzeru, yamphamvu komanso yochenjera kwambiri yakhalapo mbali ndi anthu zaka chikwi chimodzi. Adasaka agwape, adapanga zovala zawo zakunja, mabedi, nsapato, zokongoletsedwa kunyumba, amagwiritsa ntchito magazi ngati mankhwala amphamvu omwe amachiritsa matenda oopsa kwambiri. Zinyama zinali kupembedzedwa ngati nyama zopatulika, pafupifupi mulungu.
Maral ndi nyama yayikulu ya artiodactyl mpaka 170 cm, kutalika kwa thupi mpaka 250 cm, kulemera mpaka 400 kg. Maral ndi a banja la agwape ndipo ndi mitundu yanthete yofiira. Masiku ano, agulu ambiri amakhala ku Altai Territory ndi Republic of Altai, komwe amakulira m'mafamu a agwape.
Nyama yaukwati - chosungira mavitamini
Nyama ya Maralie imadziwika kuti ndi imodzi mwa zosangalatsa kwambiri pakati pa masewera, yofewa, yofewa, yopanda mafuta, yathanzi kwambiri.
Kasitomala ogulitsa "Chilichonse Kuchokera ku Maral" Altai Republic
Maralatina ali ndi mavitamini ambiri komanso michere yambiri: calcium, potaziyamu, chitsulo, magnesium, sodium, phosphorous, mavitamini B2, PP, B1. "Malo odyera" abwino kwa anthu okhala kumpoto, komwe kuyambira nthawi yachisanu nthawi yachisanu kumakhala kuperewera kwa mavitamini komanso matenda otupa.
Venison ndiwothandiza kwambiri kwa amayi apakati, amalimbitsa kamvekedwe ka minofu, amalimbikitsa mapangidwe a mwana wakhanda wathanzi.
Kudya nyama ya maral kumapangitsa kuti thupi lizigwira bwino ntchito, komanso kupewa khansa.
M'masiku akale, agwape anali chiphaso chachikulu cha asaka aku Siberian, munthawi yathu nyamayi ilinso nyama yomwe amakonda, ngakhale kuti malonda amayendetsedwa mokhazikika ndi boma, kusaka popanda chilolezo kumalangidwa ndi chindapusa cholemera kwambiri, ndipo nthawi zina ngongole zachinyengo.
Mtengo wa maral makolo
M'masiku akale, maral amadziwika kuti ndi nyama yopatulika, wopezera chakudya anthu a ku Siberia, zithunzi zake zimawonetsedwa pazithunzi zambiri za m'phanga zomwe zimapezeka ku Siberia.
Ngati masiku ano kusaka ana agalu kumayendetsedwa ndi malamulo aboma, ndiye kuti m'masiku akale kudali kulamulidwa ndi lamulo la anthu agalu, mlenje m'modzi sakanakhoza kupha agalu opitilira 2 pachaka.
Kwa makolo, maral anali chowongolera kudziko la mizimu. Olemekezeka nthawi zambiri ankayikidwa m'manda ndi akavalo awo, pamutu pomwe amavala nyanga zamphongo.
Deer nthawi zambiri amawonetsedwa ngati zolengedwa zaumulungu, osamalira anthu a ku Siberia.
Elixir wa Moyo - Mwazi wa Maral
Pa zabwino zonse komanso phindu la nyama, chimodzimodzi, phindu lalikulu la agwape m'magazi awo, omwe amachotsedwa modzipereka kuchokera kwa antlers achinyamata - antlers.
M'masiku akale, magazi anali kumwa mwachangu, ma shaman amamugwirira matenda oyipa kwambiri ndikumutcha "elixir of life"
Masiku ano, mankhwala osiyanasiyana, othandizira pakudya amapangidwa kuchokera ku magazi, zipatala zonse zilipo, pomwe njira yayikulu ndi malo osambira antler.
Malo abwino okhala zouma
Siberia, makamaka Altai, ndi m'modzi mwa omwe amapereka kwambiri padziko lapansi. Zomenyera ndi magazi amiyendo ya Altai ndizothandiza kwambiri ndipo ndizofunika mtengo wake nthawi 1.5-2 kuposa mitengo yofananira yochokera kumaiko ena.
Munthu ndiye mdani wamkulu komanso bwenzi la maral
Maral ndi nyama yamphamvu kwambiri, ochepa m'chilengedwe amatha kuthana nayo. Yekhayekha, ngakhale nkhandwe yayikulu kwambiri siyingayerekeze kulimbana ndi mbawala yakale.
Mkazi wamphongo amathamangira nyama iliyonse mopanda mantha, kuteteza ana ake.
Koma kwa munthu zinthu sizinasinthe, chifukwa maukwati okhala ndi mililiopa akuwopa anthu, atangomva fungo lawo, nthawi yomweyo amadzitaya. Chifukwa chake, kusaka ma deya si ntchito yosavuta, muyenera kungophatikiza ndi malo ozungulira. Ndipo ngati simungathe kuthana ndi nguluwe ndi mfuti imodzi, kenako mwamantha mwamantha, amatha kuyika wolakwira nyanga zake.
Masiku ano maral ali ndi ntchito yambiri. Ku Altai Territory ndi Republic of Altai kuli minda yambiri komwe agalu amasamalidwa, kusamalidwa, kudyetsedwa. Mwachilengedwe, abuluwa amakhala zaka 10-15, pafamu mpaka zaka 30.
Zogwiritsidwa ntchito kuchokera kumasamba:
Kodi marhali amaoneka bwanji?
Ichi ndi nyama yayikulu, yolemera makilogalamu 300 - 350. Amuna amakula mpaka kutalika kwa 2.5 metres, ndipo kutalika kwa kufota ndi 1.6 metres.
Zinyama ndi nyama zapakhomo.
Akazi ndi ocheperako poyerekeza ndi amuna, kutalika kwa thupi lawo sikuposa 2.1 metres, ndipo kutalika kwa kufota kumafikira mita 1.3.
Mchirawo umakhala ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 12 mpaka 19. M'nyengo yozizira, chovala chamawangamawanga chimakhala ndi mtundu wa bulauni, koma kumapeto nyama zimazimiririka ndipo utoto wake umakhala wofiyira. Pansi pa mchira pali malo oyera oyera oyera. Zitsamba zamtundu wa maanga.
Chofunika kwambiri kwa anthu ndi nyanga za nyama. Nyanga za anyani amphongo zimayamba kumera mchaka, ndipo kumapeto kwa dzinja zimagwa. Nyanga zatsopano zimakula mwachangu kwambiri, zimawonjezera masentimita 2.5 patsiku. Poyamba, nyanga ndi zofewa, zimatetezedwa ndi khungu, lomwe mawonekedwe ake amafanana ndi velvet. Koma pakapita nthawi, nyanga zimayamba kukhala zamphamvu, zolimba ndikukula mpaka mamita 1.2 m'litali. Nyanga iliyonse ili ndi njira zapafupifupi 5-6, mpaka mita kotala. Nyanga za Maral zimalemera kilogalamu 10 mpaka 14.
Moyo wamakhalidwe ndi zakudya
Malo osangalatsa okonda mbawala ndi kutchire, mitengo yobiriwira ndi mitsinje.
Abulu ofiira, ngati mitundu ina ya agwidi, amasamuka. M'nyengo yozizira, amakhala m'malo opanda mitengo ndipo nthawi yachilimwe amapita kumadera okwera.
Khwangwala wofiira amadya zamasamba.
Chakudyacho chimakhala ndi udzu komanso mbewu zosiyanasiyana za chimanga. Mbawala zofiira zimadyanso singano, zitsamba ndi khungwa la gnaw kuchokera kumitengo. Zakudya zokondedwa - mtedza, zipatso ndi ma acorn. Zikwati zimakonda mchere, zimatafuna, kapena kuinyambita.
Mverani mawu a marala
Mbawala zofiira sizilekerera kutentha, zimabisala dzuwa lotentha mumtchire ndi mitengo. Munthawi yotentha kwambiri, mbawala zimatha kukhala m'madzi.
Ziphuphu zimatsogolera moyo wam'busa. Ziweto zimakhala ndi akazi angapo komanso m'badwo wachinyamata. Amuna okhwima amatengedwa m'magulu osiyana, omwe amawonongeka pakagwa. Pakadali pano, anyani amphikisano pakati pawo, kufunafuna chisamaliro cha akazi. Pakati pa amuna amalimbana nthawi zonse. Ndewu nthawi zina zimapwetekedwa ndi zovulala.
Amuna amphamvu kwambiri amapeza akaziwa okhala ndi akazi asanu ndi atatu ngati mphotho. Atsogoleri a amayi, monga lamulo, ndi amuna achikulire azaka 5-8. Ndipo achinyamata ndi achikulire, akulu kuposa zaka 11, alibe chiyembekezo.
Kusinthana nthawi zina kumachitika pakati pa amuna.
Kuswana
Mpikisano umachitika mu kugwa. Pakadali pano, amphongo amabangula kwambiri, ndikulira kwawo amasokoneza nkhalangoyi kwa mwezi wathunthu. Kubangula kumeneku ndi kofanana ndi kuwomba kwa lipenga, chifukwa chake akazi onse amamva bwino.
Nthawi ya bere mwa akazi imatenga masiku 240-260. Yaikazi imabereka m'chilimwe, agalu 1 amabadwa, omwe amalemera pafupifupi kilogalamu 15. Nthawi zina, mapasa amabadwira akazi. Amayi amadyetsa deware kwa miyezi iwiri. Thupi la mwana limakutidwa ndi mawanga omwe amasowa kumapeto kwa chilimwe. Ziphuphu sizimasiya mayi kwa chaka chimodzi.
Kutha msambo mwa amuna kumachitika zaka 4-5, zazikazi zimatha kubereka mwa zaka ziwiri.
Mtengo wachuma
Maral ndi nswala wokongola kwambiri. Chifukwa cha nyanga zake zodziwika bwino, ma subspecies awa adachulukirachulukira, popeza aguluwa amapezeka m'mafamu apadera.
Maral ndi ana awo.
Koma anthu samasenda mahatchi kuti asangalatse kukongola kwa nyanga izi. Otsutsa ndiwofunika kwambiri - ng'ombe zazing'ono zomwe zikukula zomwe sizinakhale ndi nthawi yophulika. Nyanga zazing'ono zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe a tubular, motero zimadzaza ndi magazi ochokera mkati. Kulemera kwa antlers kuli pafupifupi ma kilogalamu 9. Zophatikizira zimakhala ndi zinthu zachilengedwe zomwe zimakhala ndi mphamvu yochiritsa.
Anthu amadula nyanga za agwape kumapeto kwa mwezi wa June, njirayi sikuvulaza nyamayo, ndipo yopweteka.
Amadula nyanga za anthu omwe afika zaka 2. Kwa moyo wonse kuchokera kwa wamphongo mmodzi mutha kupeza awiriawiri a 12-15 a nyanga. Chiwerengerochi chimatengera zaka zomwe maral amakhala ndi moyo.
M'mafamu opangidwa ndi anthu, aguluwa amatha kukhala ndi moyo mpaka zaka 25. Ndipo kuthengo amakhala zaka zochepa - zaka 12-14.
Ngati mwapeza cholakwika, chonde sankhani gawo ndikusindikiza Ctrl + Lowani.