Padziko lonse lapansi, anthu ambiri amaganiza, monga momwe Louis XV adanenera: "Pambuyo panga, kusefukira konse." Sakufuna kuwerengera malamulo apadziko lapansi achilengedwe. Zotsatira zake, mitundu yambiri ya nyama, mbalame zimayamba kufa.

Kuphatikiza pa Red, pali Buku Lachikuda la nyama. Mndandanda ndi zithunzi za oimira anzawo omwe akuwopsezedwa kuti atha ndipo tsopano akutetezedwa zili mu Red Book. Mukuda - idabweretsa cholengedwa chamoyo chomwe chidasowa kwamuyaya padziko lapansi.

Buku lakuda la nyama zakutha likusangalatsidwa ndi mawerengero: pazaka mazana asanu zapitazi, zolengedwa zokwanira 844 zamwalira padziko lapansi.

Kodi buku lakuda ndi liti?

Bukuli lidayamba mu 1500. Zamoyo zonse zomwe zidasowa zidachitika, zomwe zidatsimikiziridwa ndi zipilala zamapangidwe ndi zojambulajambula, nkhani komanso zozizwitsa za apaulendo.

Zosungirazo zikuphatikiza mayina a nyama, zomera, zomwe dziko lapansi sizidzawonanso. Ambiri a iwo adamwalira ndi manja a anthu ndipo amawonekeranso molakwika. Ena sakanatha kugwirizana ndi malamulo atsopano amoyo, kuzolowera momwe zinthu zilili.

Popeza bukuli lakhala likuyenda pafupifupi theka la zaka chikwi, tsopano nkovuta kwambiri kumvetsetsa kuti ndi nyama ziti zomwe zidasowa. Zikatero, kafukufuku wa akatswiri ofukula za m'mabwinja, akatswiri olemba mbiri yakale, komanso akatswiri azachipembedzo amathandiza. Anagwiritsa ntchito zidziwitso zochokera m'mabuku, zokumba (mafupa akuya pansi). Kuchokera pamasamba awa, ndizotheka kudziwa molondola nthawi yomwe mitundu ya nyama ndi zomera idakhalapo padziko lapansi.

Steller Cormorant

Mbalame yayikuluyi imatha kudziwa mayendedwe achidule pothawa. Kwenikweni, anali kuonedwa ngati wopanda pake. Malo omwe amakhala anali akuti Islands Commander. Mtundu wa nthenga unkaponyedwa ndi utoto wowala wachitsulo.

Malinga ndikuwona, inali mbalame yaulesi yoyenera, yokhalitsa kwa nthawi yayitali m'malo amodzi. Ndinkadya kwambiri nsomba.

Tiger wa Transcaucasian

Habitat - Gawo la Central Asia ndi mapiri a Caucasus. Mosiyana ndi mtundu wamba wa akambuku, nthumwi ya kalasi iyi inali ndi chikhoto cha utoto wa redder. Pomwe adamuwona, adamufanizira ndi moto wakuyaka. Ndipo zingwe, mmalo mwake, zimasiyanitsidwa ndi mtundu wa bulauni.

Amaphunzira kwambiri. Pali zambiri zochepa pazomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha malo obisika, komanso zovuta poyesera kuti mupeze.

Falkland nkhandwe

Mbidzi ya nkhandwe siphunzirira pang'ono. Malo omwe anali kukhala anali a Falkland Islands, komwe adalandira dzinali. Amadyetsa makamaka mbalame, mazira awo ndi zovalazo.

Anthu atayamba kufufuza zilumbazi, nkhandwe zamtunduwu zidawomberedwa. Pambuyo pake, anthu onse anawonongedwa.

Carolina Parrot

Parrot uyu adazunzidwa ndi dziko la Europe ku North America. Kutalika kwake kunafika masentimita 32. Mutu wa mbalameyo unali wofiira kwambiri, ndipo thupi linali lobiriwira. Parrot adasokoneza mitengo yazipatso, motero sanaphe. Nthawi yomaliza parrot ya a Carolingian mu 1926, ndipo mu 1939 adadziwika kuti ndi mtundu wawo.

Dodo

M'malo mwake, a Dodovites ndi gulu lonse la banja la nkhunda, lopangidwa ndi mitundu iwiri. Mbalame zopanda mbalamezi, zomwe zimadziwikanso kuti Dodo, zinkakhala pachilumba cha Mascarene, chomwe chili kum'mawa kwa Africa. Dodo wamba inali yofanana ndi kukula kwa tsekwe. Anawonetsedwa ndi oyendetsa sitima aku Europe - Apwitikizi ndi achi Dutch, omwe mothandizidwa ndi iwo anapitiliranso zopereka pazombo. Chowonadi ndi chakuti kusaka dodo kunali kosavuta kwambiri - zonse zomwe zimafunikira ndikungoyandikira mbalameyo ndikumenya ndi ndodo pamutu.

Ng'ombe ya Steller

Ng'ombe zam'nyanja, zomwe zimadziwikanso kuti skits, zidafotokozedwa koyamba ndi wasayansi wofufuza zakuthambo waku Russia Vitus Bering mu 1741. Ngakhale pamenepo, mtunduwu umangokhala pafupi ndi zilumba za Commander. Kulemera kabichi imodzi kumatha kufika matani 5, pomwe amasambira pang'onopang'ono ndipo anali osavuta kugwiritsa ntchito oyendetsa sitima. Zotsatira zake, pofika 1768, ng'ombe za Steller zinatha.

Nkhunda yapaulendo

Mabiliyoni a njiwa izi nthawi ina amakhala ku North America. Adakumana ndi atsamunda ali mgulu, akuchita ngati dzombe. Izi zidakwiyitsa anthu kumikangano yosagwirizana ndi mbalameyi, makamaka popeza nyamayo idali yokoma kwambiri. Mpikisano weniweni wa kusaka njiwa unakonzedwa. Makamaka akuwombera nkhuni kuti adawombera pagulu louluka, chifukwa chomwe mvula yeniyeni imagwa kuchokera kwa nkhunda zakufa. Nthawi zina ngakhale mfuti zamakina zimagwiritsidwa ntchito posaka. Zotsatira zake, pofika kumapeto kwa zaka za XIX. nyamazo zinali zitawonongedwa kwathunthu, ndipo munthu womaliza adamwalira kumalo osungira nyama mu 1914.

Heather grouse

Wina amene anakhudzidwapo ndi North America anali mbalame yaying'ono, yofanana kwambiri ndi nkhuku zamakono. Heather wakuda wakuda amakhala kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa United States. Otsutsawo adabweretsa ma virus oopsa ochokera ku Europe, omwe pafupifupi adawononga mzawo wakuda. Pamapeto pa zaka za XIX, malo osungirako malo adakhazikitsidwa pachilumba cha Martas-Vinyard, pomwe anthu adayesetsa kupulumutsa kuchuluka kwa nyamayi. Komabe, moto wamitchi, komanso nyengo zingapo zowononga, udachita izi popanda chifukwa, ndipo mu 1932 womaliza wa grather adamwalira.

Quagga

Akavalo anali wachibale wa mbidzi. Anali ndi utoto pamutu ndi kutsogolo kwa thupi. Kumbuyo kwa kavalo kunali kofiirira, ndipo miyendo inali yoyera. A Quaggis ankakhala ku South Africa, pomwe amaweta ndi anthu akumaloko ndikuwathandiza kuteteza nkhosa. Komabe, a Boers, ndiye kuti, atsamunda aku Europe, adayamba kusaka mahatchi, chifukwa chotsatira adatha ndi 1883. Ndiwo mtundu wokhawo womwe udasinthidwa ndi anthu.

Opanda zingwe

Ino ndi mbalame ina yosawuluka yomwe yakhala ikuchita kusakidwa ndi anthu. Amakhala kuzilumba ku North Atlantic ndipo adakhala moyo wake wonse wamadzi. Kunja, ma eyel ankawoneka pang'ono ngati ma penguin amakono ndi abakha. Anthu ankasaka mbalame zaka zoposa 100, ndipo kumayambiriro kwa zaka za XVI. izi zidapangitsa kutsika kwakukulu kwa chiwerengero cha ma eel. Kumapeto kwa zaka za XVIII. nyamazo zidatengedwa mothandizidwa ndi asayansi, koma ozembetsa adatha kuziwonongeratu. Wotulutsa wopanda pake womaliza adaphedwa mu 1844 pamafupa a Eldei pafupi ndi Iceland.

Ng'ombe zamtunduwu nthawi ina zinkakhala m'dera lalikulu kuyambira Portugal mpaka Korea. Nyama, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti "ng'ombe yamtchire", inali ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 180 ndi kulemera kwa 800 kg. Amuna anali akuda, ndipo akazi anali ofiira. Ku Africa ndi Middle East, ulendowu unakonzedweratu kale BC. e., komanso ku Europe, kutha kwake kudalumikizidwa ndi kudula mitengo m'nthawi ya VIII-XII. Ng'ombe zakutali kwambiri zazikakhala ku Poland, komwe zinali kutetezedwa ndi boma. Mu 1627 ,ulendo womaliza adamwalira m'mudzi wa Yaktovur, womwe uli pamtunda wa 50 km kuchokera ku Warsaw.

Paleopropitec

Paleopropithecus ndi mtundu wonse wa anyani, omwe anaphatikiza mitundu itatu. Ankakhala pachilumba cha Madagascar. Mwa nyama zamakono, ma paleopithethi ndi omwe ali pafupi kwambiri ndi mandimu, koma anali ovuta kwambiri. Unyinji wawo unafikira 60 kg, pomwe mandimu samalemera kuposa 10 kg. Nthawi yomweyo, adakhala pafupifupi moyo wawo wonse pamitengo. Paleopropithecus inazimiririka kuzungulira m'zaka za zana la 15. chifukwa chosaka ndi anthu amtundu wa Aaborijini. Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti iyi ndi imodzi mwazinyama zochepa zomwe chiwonongeko chake sichimayanjana ndi colonization yaku Europe.

Giant fossa

Mnyamayi amakhalanso ku Madagascar. Kunja, fossa anali ngati phokoso ndipo anali ndi moyo womwewo. Zingwe zazikulu za Gios zimasakidwa makamaka pa paleopropithecus. Kutha kwa paleopropithecus kunapangitsa kuti a Fosses ataya chakudya, chifukwa chomwe iwo nawonso adasowa patatha zaka makumi angapo.

Njati za Caucasus

Amadziwikanso kuti "dombai." M'mbuyomu, njati za Caucasus zinkakhala madera akuluakulu a South Caucasus ndi Iran, koma pofika pakati pa zaka za XIX. adakumana kale ku Kuban. Podzafika 1920, chiwerengero cha anthu ku Dombay chidachepa kukhala anthu 500, ndipo mu 1927 wotsiriza mwaiwo adawonongedwa ndi wolemba ndakatulo pafupi ndi Mount Alous. Mtunduwu unkasiyana ndi njati wamba wokhala ndi tsitsi lopotana, komanso kupindika kwa nyanga za njoka.

Ng'ombe za Caspian

Wogwiritsa ntchito nkhosazi amakhala kum'mwera kwa Nyanja ya Caspian, ku Transcaucasia ndi Central Asia. Anadziwika ndi mikwingwirima yayitali ya mtundu wa bulauni, komanso ma ndevu okongola. Kukula kwake, kunali pakati pa Amur ang'ono ndi kambuku wamkulu wa Bengal. Nyamayi idasiyanitsidwa ndi kuthekera kwake kuyenda mpaka makilomita 100 patsiku. Msonkhano womaliza wa munthu wokhala ndi nthenga kuyambira mu 1954. Amakhulupirira kuti adamwalira chifukwa cholimidwa ku Central Asia ndi Ufumu wa Russia komanso USSR, chifukwa cha zomwe amachita, kuchuluka kwa nyama zapakhomo ndi gawo la nyama zamtchire zidachepa, ndipo chomaliza chidakhala gawo lodyera nyalugwe.

Mkango waku Europe

Zodabwitsa, ngakhale m'masiku a Aroma akale, osati mimbulu yokha, komanso mikango idayendanso m'nkhalango zaku Europe! Inakhazikitsidwa ku France, Italy, ku Balkan. Makumbukidwe amtunduwu amasungidwa pakufotokozera kwa mawonekedwe oyamba a Heracles, omwe anali kupha mkango pafupi ndi mzinda wa Nemea. Mkango wotsiriza ku Europe udawonongedwa mu 100 AD e.

Tarpan

Mmodzi mwa makolo akale amakono anali tarpan. Amakhala ku Eastern Europe, Russia, Kazakhstan. Mitengo yocheperako yam'mapiri ndi nkhomaliro ndizosiyanitsidwa. Kutalika kwa matupi awo sikunapitirire masentimita 150, ndipo kutalika kunafika 136. cm Tarpan yomaliza idawonongedwa pafupi ndi Kaliningrad mu 1814. Kuthengo, mapiri a steppe adapezeka mpaka 1879, ndipo womaliza adamwalira ku Moscow Zoo mu 1918.

Mitundu yotsirizika

Nthawi zambiri, mitundu yotsiriza imakhala ikutha, yomwe idakhalapo kwakanthawi kwakanthawi. Mitundu yotere nthawi zambiri imakhala ilibe adani achilengedwe komanso zida zoteteza, kuphatikiza zochita, komanso kutaya kuuluka kunasowa mbalame. Zomwe kutha kwa mitundu yotereku sikungakhale kwachindunji, koma mwachindunji kwa anthu - mwachitsanzo, nyama zomwe zidayambitsidwa mwadala kapena mwangozi ndi anthu (amphaka, agalu, nyama zina zolusa, makoswe), kapena kusinthika, ndikuwonongeratu kwathunthu kwachilengedwe (chilengedwe cha mitundu yakumapeto) pazosowa ulimi, zomangamanga, mafakitale ndi zina.

Chida cha Orange

Mitundu yamiyalayi idapezeka mchaka cha 1966. Idakhala m'malo ochepa m'nkhalango za Costa Rica pomwe malo ake ndi osachepera 8 metres. km Nthawi yomalizira kuwonekera kwa malalanje a malalanje mu 1989. Chomwe chinathetsa kutha kwawo chinali chilala chachikulu ku Costa Rica mu 1987 mpaka 1982. Mliri wochititsidwa ndi bowa woopsa ungakhudzenso mitunduyi. Chovala chalalanje chimasiyanitsidwa ndi khungu lofanana ndi golide wamtundu, ndipo kutalika kwa thupi lake sikunapitirire 56 mm.

Kuchuluka kuchokera 1500 mpaka 1599

• Plagiodontia ipnaeum - makina osowa a banja la a Houtian, omwe kale amapezeka ku Dominican Republic ndi Haiti. Malo okhala zacirombozi anali malo obiriwira komanso otentha a mvula. Kutchulidwa komaliza kumatanthauza nyengo ya 1536-1546.
• Quemisia gravis - makoswe a banja la Heptaxodontidae (Chingerezi) achi Russia. . M'mbuyomu adakumana ku Dominican Republic ndi Haiti. Kutchulidwa komaliza kumatanthauza nyengo ya 1536-1546. Zomwe zimatha ndikutha kwa zachilengedwe.
• Noronhomys vespuccii (Chingerezi) Russian - makina osowa omwe amakhala pachilumba cha Fernando di Noronha. Zatha kwambiri chifukwa cha kuyambitsidwa kwa makoswe azitima kuzilumba kuchokera ku zombo za Amerigo Vespucci, yemwe anali ndi mbewa zampunga. Kutchulidwa komaliza kudachokera ku 1503.
• Nycticorax olsoni (Chingerezi) Russian - mbalame usiku wa banja la heron omwe amakhala ku Ascension Island, kutchulidwa komaliza kudachokera ku 1555 malinga ndi zomwe ena adapeza mpaka 1502 malinga ndi ena.

Kuchuluka kuchokera 1600 mpaka 1699

• Nyctanassa chikumbu - mitundu yazosowa yomwe idakhala ku Bermuda. Ikufotokozedwa mu 2006 kuchokera kumabungwe a S. L. Olson ndi D. B. Wingate. . Kutchula komaliza kunayamba mu 1623.
• Cowgirl Debua (lat. Nesotrochis debooyi) - mtundu wa mbalame zomwe zinkakhala ku Cuba. Kutchulidwa komaliza kunayamba mu 1625.

Chigoba cha Abingdon njovu

Akafotokozedwe a akanjawa anaphatikizapo Lone George wotchuka - munthu yemwe amakhala m'malo osungirako pachilumba cha Santa Cruz. Kwa zaka makumi angapo, asayansi adayesa kutenga ana kuchokera kwa George kuti apitirize kukhala ndi moyo womwe watsala, koma mu 2012, kamba, yemwe anali ndi zaka pafupifupi 100, wamwalira. Akamba a njovu a Abingdon adadziwika ndi mtundu wapadera wokhala ndi chishalo. Anatha chifukwa cha kufalikira kwa mbuzi zapakhomo pachilumbachi - anangodya pafupifupi udzu wonse ndikuletsa chakudya cha manjawo.

Nkhandwe ya Marsupial

Mimbulu iyi imakhala ku Australia ndipo inkadziwika ndi mikwingwirima kumbuyo kwake. Kunja, amawoneka ngati galu ndipo anali ndi kulemera kwama 25 kg. Kutalika kwa nkhandwe kunali masentimita 100-130. Mwa nyama zonse zomwe zimagona, mtunduwu unali waukulu kwambiri. Msonkhano woyamba wa azungu wokhala ndi nkhandwe udachitika mu 1792, ndipo ngakhale pamenepo olimbana nawo anali atatsala pang'ono kutha. Popeza nkhandwe yoweta ikusaka nkhosa, abusa aku Australia adayamba kumuwombera. Kuphatikiza apo, kumayambiriro kwa zaka za XX. adagwidwa ndi mliri wa galu. Zotsatira zake, mu 1938, munthu womaliza adamwalira kumalo osungira nyama. Komabe, asayansi akuyembekezerabe kuti mimbulu ingapo yamadzi ikadali pachilumba cha Tasmania.

Chisindikizo cha Chimera cha Caribbean

Kutalika kwa izi zisindikizo kufikira 2.4 m, ndipo kutalika kwake kunali 270 kg. Amakhala ku Caribbean ndi Gulf of Mexico. Zisindikizo zimakonda moyo m'magulu akulu a nyama 20-40 ndikugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yayitali kumasuka pamchenga wamchenga. Mitundu idadyanso nsomba. Chifukwa chakutukuka kwa malonda m'derali (makamaka, chifukwa chakutaya kwamafuta), zisindikizo za amonke a ku Caribbean zidatha pomwe 1952.

Mtundu wakuda wakuda

M'malo mwake, nyama izi sizimasiyana pakuda. Khungu lawo limachita imvi, koma mapikidwe ake amapeza mtundu wa dothi lomwe anakhalapo nthawi yawo. Kuchuluka kwa anthu anali matani 2.2, ndipo kutalika kwake kunafika 3.15 m. Nyanga imatha kutalika masentimita 60 - iyi ndi yoposa nyanga ya mitundu ina iliyonse ya chipembere. Kalelo m'zaka za zana la XIX. Palibe chomwe chidawopseza chiwerengero cha azungu akuda akumadzulo, koma kusamukira kwa Africa kudapangitsa kuti ziwonjezeke. Pofika mu 1930, ma subspecies awo adatetezedwa, koma akubafu adapitiliza kufunafuna. Zotsatira zake, mu 2013 adalengezedwa kuti adzawonongedwa.

Formosa Smoky Leopard

Malo okhala ku Taiwan okha (dzina lina la chilumbachi ndi Forosa). Kambuku ankakhala makamaka pamitengo, ndipo unyinji wake sunali woposa 20 kg. Kwa anthu amtundu wa Aborigine, kupha kambuku kumawoneka ngati chinthu chenicheni, khungu lake limagwiritsidwa ntchito pamiyambo yachipembedzo. Kufalikira kwachilumbachi komanso kudula mitengo mwachisawawa kudapangitsa kuti zilombozi zizipita kumapiri. Nthawi yomaliza kambuku wa Formosa adawonedwa mu 1983.

Chimbalangondo chachikulu cha ku Mexico

Imodzi mwa zimbalangondo zazikulu kwambiri zomwe zinkakhala Padziko Lapansi. Zovala zamkono mwake zimatha kutalika mpaka 80 mm. Zimasiyanitsidwa ndi makutu ochepa kwambiri. Achifwamba aku Mexico amakhala kuderali kuchokera ku Arizona (USA) kupita kumadera a Durango ndi Coahuila, omwe ali ku Mexico. Mitunduyi idawonongedwa chifukwa chosaka komanso kutukuka kwa magawo atsopano ndi anthu, chifukwa zomwe zimbalangondo sizinakhaleko pompano. Boma la Mexico linaletsa kusaka kwawo mpaka 1959, koma m'zaka khumi zotsatira mitunduyo inatha.

Chinese nyanja dolphin

Osakhala m'madzi okha, komanso mitsinje. Ma dolphin awa adapezeka mu 1918 ku Dongting Lake. Anthu amtunduwu anali ndi mtundu wowala wabuluu komanso wamimba loyera. Kulemera kwa dolphin imodzi kumatha kufika 167 kg. Chochititsa chidwi ndi ma dolphin amenewa chinali chosawona kwambiri. Mu 2006, asayansi sanathe kudziwa nyamayo komwe inali, ndipo mu 2017 idalengezedwa.

Steppe kangaroo rat

Pulogalamuyi ankakhala ku South Australia. Kutalika kwa thupi lake kunali pafupifupi 25 cm, ndipo mchirawo umatha kutalika masentimita 37. Kulemera kwa munthu wina kunali 0,63-1.06 kg. Kwa nthawi yoyamba, nyamazo, zomwe zimadziwikanso kuti kangaroos hologruded, zidafotokozedwa mu 1843. Nthawi yotsatira khola lanyumba linajambulidwa kokha mu 1931. Izi zikutanthauza kuti nyamazo zinali zitatsala pang'ono kutha popanda “thandizo” la munthu. Chithunzi chomaliza cha kangaroo chili mu 1935.

Nyama Zina Zamakedzana

Mbalame ya Moa

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Mbalame yayikulu, yotalika mpaka 3.5, yomwe imakhala ku New Zealand. Moa ndichilengedwe chonse, mkati mwake mudalipo mitundu 9. Onsewa anali azitsamba ndipo ankadya masamba, zipatso, komanso mphukira za mitengo yaying'ono. Zosowa kwambiri mu 1500s, komabe, pali umboni wosatsutsika wa msonkhano ndi mbalame za moa koyambirira kwa zaka za m'ma 1900.

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Opanda zingwe

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Mbalame yosawuluka, msonkhano womaliza womwe udalembedwa pakati pa zaka za m'ma 1800. Malo okhala - zolengedwa zosagwera pazilumba. Maziko a zakudya zamagetsi zopanda mapiko ndi nsomba. Kuwonongedwa kwathunthu ndi munthu chifukwa cha kukoma kosangalatsa.

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Nkhunda yapaulendo

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Woyimira banja la nkhunda, wodziwika ndi kuthekera koyenda mtunda wautali. Nkhunda yoyendayenda imakhala mbalame yosungika m'matumba. Chiwerengero cha anthu pagulu limodzi chinali chachikulu. Mwambiri, kuchuluka kwa nkhunda izi munthawi zopambana kunapangitsa kuti ziwapatse mwayi wokhala mbalame yodziwika bwino padziko lapansi.

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Chisindikizo cha Caribbean

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Chisindikizo chokhala ndi kutalika kwa thupi mpaka 2,5 metres. Mtundu - wonyezimira ndi mtundu waimvi. Malo omwe amakhala ndi mchenga wam'mphepete mwa nyanja ya Caribbean, Gulf of Mexico, ndi Bahamas. Gawo lalikulu la zakudya anali nsomba.

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Thanzi lofunika kwambiri

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Mbalame yaying'ono yomwe imawoneka ngati zinziri. Adagawidwa kwambiri m'maiko a Asia. Malo omwe amakhala ndi malo otseguka okhala ndi zitsamba zowirira kapena m'mphepete mwa nkhalango. Anali ndi moyo wobisalira komanso wobisa.

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Nkhandwe ya Marsupial

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Nyama ku Australia. Amawaganizira kuti ndi wamkulu kwambiri mwa onse omwe amadana ndi marsupial. Kuchulukana kwa nkhandwe, chifukwa cha zifukwa zosiyanasiyana, kwachepa kwambiri kotero pali chifukwa choganiza kuti kutha konse. Komabe, pali zowonadi zamakono zosatsimikizika zokumana ndi anthu.

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Kameruni wakuda

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Ndi chinyama chachikulu champhamvu chokhala ndi thupi lolemera matani 2.5. Nyumba yomwe amakhala ndi ku Africa kuno. Chiwerengero cha atsotsi akuda chikucheperachepera, amodzi mwa mabizinesi ake adalembedwa kuti amwalira mu 2013.

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Rodriguez Parrot

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Mbalame yowala kuchokera ku Zilumba za Mascarene. Pali zambiri zochepa zokhudza iye. Mtundu wofiirira wofiirira wokha ndi mlomo wamkulu ndiomwe amadziwika. Mwachizolowezi, chinali ndi mabungwe omwe amakhala pachilumba cha Mauritius. Pakadali pano palibe m'modzi yemwe amayimira parrots.

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Crested Pigeon Mika

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Ananenedweratu kuti zidzawonongedwa kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 20. Mbalame zamtunduwu zimakhala ku New Guinea, chifukwa zimapereka chakudya kwa anthu akumaloko. Amakhulupirira kuti kufa kwa nkhunda yokakamizidwa kudapangitsa kuti madera akakhazikitsidwa ndi amphaka.

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Heather grouse

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Mbalame yokhala ndi nkhuku yokhala m'mapiri a New England mpaka 1930s. Chifukwa chazovuta zonse, kuchuluka kwa mbalamezo kunatsika kwambiri. Kuti apulumutse nyamazo, nkhokwe idapangidwa, komabe, moto wamitchi komanso nyengo yozizira kwambiri idapangitsa kuti onse a Heather aphedwe.

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Falkland nkhandwe

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Nkhandwe yophunzirira pang'ono yomwe imangokhala ku zilumba za Falkland. Chakudya chachikulu cha nkhandwe chinali mbalame, mazira awo ndi zovunda. Pakukula kwa zisumbu ndi anthu, nkhandwe zidawomberedwa, chifukwa chomwe nyamazo zidawonongeratu.

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Taiwan wosuta kambuku

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Izi ndi nyama zochepa zomwe zimadya nyama, zomwe zimalemera mpaka kilogalamu 20, zidakhala moyo wake wonse pamitengo. Woimira wotsiriza wa zolengedwa adawonedwa mu 1983. Zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zinthu ziziwononga zinali kupitako kwa mafakitale komanso kudula mitengo mwachisawawa. Asayansi ena amakhulupirira kuti m'malo ena a nkhalangozi, anthu angapo a kambukuwa akhoza kukhala kuti anapulumuka.

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Chinese paddlefish

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Nsomba zazikulu kwambiri zam'madzi zotalika mpaka mita atatu ndikulemera 300 kilogalamu. Umboni wosiyana wosatsimikizika umalankhula za anthu asanu ndi awiri kutalika. Paddlefish ankakhala mumtsinje wa Yangtze, nthawi zambiri amasambira ku Nyanja Yachikasu. Pakadali pano, palibe woimira aliyense wamtunduwu yemwe amadziwika.

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Chimbalangondo chachikulu cha ku Mexico

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Ndi mbiri ya chimbalangondo chofiirira ndipo ndimakhala ku United States. Chimbalangondo chachikulu cha ku Mexico ndi chimbalangondo chachikulu kwambiri chokhala ndi "hump" pakati pamagawo. Mtundu wake ndiwosangalatsa - nthawi zambiri bulauni, umatha kusiyanasiyana ndi golide wowala mpaka mithunzi yakuda yachikaso. Malingaliro omaliza adawonedwa ku Chihuahua mu 1960.

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Paleopropitec

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Ndi mtundu wa lemurs womwe unkakhala ku Madagascar. Ichi ndi nyama yayikulu kwambiri, yolemera thupi mpaka 60 kilogalamu. Paleopropithecus ndi wamtchire kwambiri. Pali lingaliro kuti iye sanatsikire konse padziko lapansi.

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Iberian Capricorn

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Amakhala ku Spain ndi Portugal. M'mbuyomu zinali zofala kudera lonse la Iberian, komabe, chifukwa chosaka, kuchuluka kwa mitunduyo kunatsikira mpaka mtengo wotsutsa. Tsopano ikupezeka pamtunda wa mamita 3,500 pamwamba pa nyanja.

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Chingwe cha kumtsinje waku China

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Monga mtundu wapezeka posachedwa - mu 1918. Malo omwe amakhala ndi mitsinje yaku China Yangtze ndi Qiantang. Amadziwika ndi maso osawona bwino komanso zida zophunzitsira bwino. Dolphin adalengezedwa kuti adzawonongedwa mu 2017. Kuyesera kuti mupeze anthu omwe akupulumuka sikunaphule kanthu.

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Epiornis

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Mbalame yosawuluka yomwe idakhala ku Madagascar mpaka pakati pa zaka za zana la 17. Pakadali pano, asayansi nthawi ndi nthawi amazindikira mazira a mbalamezi omwe adalipobe mpaka pano. Kutengera kusanthula kwa DNA komwe kunachokera ku chipolopolo, titha kunena kuti epiornis ndi kholo la mbalame yamakono ya kiwi, yomwe, komabe, yaying'ono kwambiri.

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Balinese tiger

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Kambuku iyi inali yaying'ono kwambiri. Kutalika kwa ubweyawo kunali kochepa kwambiri kuposa komwe kunaimira nthumwi zina za akambuku. Mtundu wa chovalachi ndi wachikale, lalanje wowala wokhala ndi mikwingwirima yakuda. Katswiri womaliza wa Balinese adawombera mchaka cha 1937.

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Holographic Kangaroo

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Nyama iyi imawoneka ngati khoswe, kwa banja lake. Kanggraphic kangaroo ankakhala ku Australia. Inali nyama yaying'ono yokhala ndi thupi lolemera kilogalamu imodzi. Nthawi zambiri pamadambo komanso pamchenga pamakhala zokakamira za chitsamba chokulirapo.

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Mkango wa barary

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Magulu amtunduwu wa mkango anali ponseponse ku North Africa. Amadziwika ndi mtundu wakuda wamtambo komanso thupi lamphamvu kwambiri. Inali imodzi mwa mikango yayikulu kwambiri m'mbiri yamakono yophunzirira nyama.

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Pomaliza

Nthawi zambiri, kufa kwa fauna kumatha kupewedwa. Malinga ndi ziwerengero wamba, mitundu ingapo ya nyama kapena mbewu zimafa tsiku lililonse padziko lapansi. Nthawi zina, izi zimachitika chifukwa cha njira zachilengedwe zomwe zimachitika mkati mwa chisinthiko. Koma zochita zolimbikitsa za munthu nthawi zambiri zimatha kutha. Kungosamala zachilengedwe kokha ndi kumene kungathandize kuyimitsa kufalikira kwa Bukhu Lalode.

Inemwini, ndikupepesa kwambiri chifukwa cha mitundu yambirimbiri ya nyama zomwe zasowa. Ndikufuna kunena zikomo 2:
1) Asayansi, chifukwa akuyesera kubwezeretsa zachilengedwe zomwe zikutha ndikuyesera kufotokozera anthu za nyama zomwe zasowa.
2) kwa inu, chifukwa munasonkhanitsa zambiri zanyama izi ndikuziwuza anthu.
Pali minus imodzi yaying'ono mulemba lanu: kutsatsa komwe kumawonekera pakati pa ndime, chifukwa chake nthawi zina lingaliro la zomwe mukuwerenga limasowa. Ndizomwezo.

Vsevolod, zikomo chifukwa cha ndemanga yanu.

Zakutsatsa: Takonza kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwake mu zolemba mtsogolomo, koma pakadali pano sitingathe kuzichita, chifukwa mwinanso zingakhale zovuta kwambiri kuti tisunge zofunikira pazoyenera.

Wanu mowona mtima,
Novel.

Onjezani wina wa Blue Aru ndi White Rhino ....
Apanso ndimakhulupirira kuti cholengedwa choopsa kwambiri padziko lapansi ndi munthu.
Kudula mitengo mwachisawawa ... kusaka chisangalalo ... kuwononga ... mapiri a zinyalala ... kuipitsidwa kwa mitsinje ... nyanja ... nyanja ... mlengalenga ngakhale malo ... malingaliro ogula padziko lapansi ... Funso: anthu ali ndi ufulu wotchedwa CIVILIZATION.

Izi ndichifukwa chakuti munthu amakhala ndi zofunikira pazabodza. Zomwe siziri, koma pali lingaliro lomwe limapangitsa kufunikira.

Pepani kwambiri zinyama zonsezi, ndikukumbukira momwe dzulo ndidayendera Zoo Yalta mu 2014 ndikuwona ma dolphin awa ali achisoni kuti anthu amachita zinthu zoyipa dirty

Sasha, usapite ku zoo ndi kuma circus

Kumva komweko pomwe ndimamvetsetsa kuti anthu onse ndi oyipitsitsa kuposa nyama! Sizosangalatsa kukhala choncho mukamawerenga kuti nyamayi sinangotayika, koma "idawomberedwa"!

Anastasia, masukulu - ndimawathandiza. Zoo ndi zoo. M'mbuyomu, zidagawanidwanso, chifukwa nthawi zambiri inde, zonse zimangokhala zoyipa .. komanso momwe angasungire nyama ndi zina zonse, mpaka ndidapita kukawona malo osungira malo abwino kwambiri ku Europe ku Poland. Maganizo osiyana ndi zinyama, ndipo zikuwonekeratu kuti akumva bwino kumeneko. Kuphatikiza apo, ngati mungawerenge nkhani zina kupatula izi, mutha kudziwa kuti mitundu yambiri imakhala "yamoyo" pokhapokha ngati woyimira / ali kumalo osungira nyama (sindikudziwa momwe ziliri) pomwe sanalinso kuthengo. Sindiye kuti ingasunge mawonekedwe, koma nyamayo, yomaliza, idakhala mosatekeseka kufikira masiku ake atha.

Zikomo chifukwa cha ntchito yonse yomwe mwachita, chifukwa cha chidziwitso, koma pali chinthu chimodzi koma! Bukhu lakuda ndi buku lomwe mitundu yosowa imasonkhanitsidwa, ndipo munkhaniyi muli mitundu yaing'ono ya nyama. Kupanda kutero, zonse ndi zangwiro

Zikomo chifukwa cha nkhaniyi. Ngakhale mdzukuluyo adamvera chisoni nyama zomwe zaphedwa, zowonongedwa ndi munthu. Sitilemekeza osaka, osaka, alibe zolengedwa. Chifukwa cha izi, nyama zathu zimafa. Inde, ndi zowopsa zina zopanda zolengedwa (zopanda mtima), monga nkhalango, kusaka chisangalalo, kuwononga mitsinje .. nyanja .. nyanja ... mlengalenga .. adzauka, nadzukira izi zonse.

Mauritius Chubat Parrot

Parrot ya Mauritius Chubat ndi mtundu wa mbalame zazikulu zakutha zabanja la parrot, lomwe lili kumapeto kwa chilumba cha Mascaren ku Mauritius. Sizikudziwika kuti ndi wachibale uti wapafupi kwambiri wa parishi ya Chubata, komabe, taxon yomwe ikufunsidwa idayikidwa mu fuko la mbalame zotchedwa zinkhwete zenizeni monga zinkhwe zina za maskaren. Mitundu yomwe ikufunsidwa inali yofanana ndi phula wa Rodriguez, yemwe mwina anali wachibale wapamtima.

Mutu wa mbalameyo unali wawukulu pokhudzana ndi thupi, ndipo mawonekedwe osiyana ndi omwe adalipo pamphumi. Mbalameyi inali ndi mulomo wawukulu kwambiri, womwe ungafanane ndi ubweya wamtchire ndi kuilola kutseguka. Mafupa ochepetsa thupi amawonetsa kuti nyamazo zinali ndi mphamvu yakugonana komanso mutu kuposa chinthu chilichonse chamoyo. Utoto wake sudziwika, koma malongosoledwe amakono akuwonetsa kuti mbalameyo inali ndi mutu wabuluu, thupi la imvi kapena lakuda ndipo, mwina, mulomo wofiira. Mbalameyi imakhulupirira kuti inauluka bwino.

Zotsalira zimawonetsa kuti amuna anali akulu kuposa akazi, motero 55-65 masentimita ndi masentimita 45-55, komanso kuti amuna ndi akazi anali ndi mitu yayikulu komanso milomo. Kugonana kwa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha ndiko kukula kwambiri kwa zigamba zazimuna ndi zazikazi. Kusiyana kwa mafupa a ziwalo zotsala ndi miyendo sikunatchulidwe, komabe, mbalameyi imakhala ndi zithunzi zochuluka kwambiri pakugonana kuposa kukula kwa nyama yamasiku ano. Chifukwa cha izi, pakhoza kukhala kusiyana pakati pa mbalame ziwiri mu chikopa cha 1601.

Ripoti la Reyer Cornelis la mu 1602 nthawi zambiri limamasuliridwa ngati tanthauzo lokhalo lamakono la kukula kwa mbalamezo, zomwe zikuwonetsa "akhwangwala akulu akulu aku India" mwa nyama zapachilumbachi. Kutanthauzira kwathunthu kwa magwero kunangotulutsidwa kokha mu 2003, ndikuwonetsa kuti ma comma mu kutanthauzira kwa Chingerezi sanayikidwe molondola, m'malo mwa "akhwangwala aku India", "akulu ndi ang'ono" amatchulidwa "nkhuku zam'munda", omwe mwina anali abusa ofiira a Mauriti ndi aang'ono kukumananso wogwira ntchito.

Red Mauritius Cowgirl

Mbusa wofiyira waku Mauriti adasowa mu 1700 chifukwa chogwira ntchito kunja kwa anthu komanso nyama zakunja. Zotsalira zokha za nyamazo ndizomwe zimasungidwa, komanso zithunzi zingapo kapena zochepa.

Kutengera ndi chimodzi mwaziwerengerozi, komanso mauthenga ochokera m'nthawi yamakedzana, maula a mbalameyo anali ofiira kapena ofiira otuwa ndipo amawoneka ngati tsitsi. Mlomo unkapangidwa mosiyanasiyana mbalame zosiyanasiyana, mwa zina zinali zowongoka, mwa zina zimawumbika.
Ndinali ndi chidwi ndi zinthu zofiira. Komanso, mbalame zinkakopeka ndi mawu a achibale.

Quagga Zebra

Mtundu wa zebra woterewu sunali wosiyana ndi mtundu wawo wabwinobwino. Chokhacho chomwe anthu adadziwonetsera okha, ndipo chomwe kenako adachiwonongera mbidzizi, ndiye khungu lawo lolimba kwambiri. Chifukwa cha khungu labwino, mtundu wa anthu wafalikira padziko lonse la nyama izi, nyama yomwe nthawi zambiri imangotayidwa.

Mbidzi yomaliza ya quagga imatha kuwonekera kumalo osungirako nyama achi Dutch ku Amsterdam, komwe adamwalira yekha pa Ogasiti 12, 1883.

Mwa zolengedwa zomwe sizinasanduke zomwe zinali zofala m'madera akulu, munthu amatha kutcha tarpan, tour and quagga. Ulendowo ndi nyama yokhala ndi ziboda zamkati, banja la ma bovid, mtundu wa ng'ombe. Maulendo okhala kudera la Russia, Belarus, Poland ndi Prussia, koyambirira kudali kofala kwambiri. Chifukwa cha nyama komanso chikopa, adasaka mwamphamvu. Ziweto zomaliza zidatsala m'nkhalango za Masovian (Poland).

Mu 1627, mkazi womaliza wa ulendowu adamwalira m'nkhalango pafupi ndi Yaktorov. Ulendo wawo anali ng'ombe yayikulu, yayikulu, yankhokwe, koma inali yokwera pang'ono pakufota. Zojambula zosungidwa ndi chithunzi chake ndi mafupa. Ulendowu ndi kholo la ng'ombe zoweta za ku Europe. Njati ndi njati zinavutikira kwambiri ndi ulendowo, koma kwenikweni pamapeto pake mitundu iwiriyi idapulumutsidwa.

Martinique Macaw

Zamoyo zachilengedwe. Nkhani ya Martinique Macaw idafotokozedwa mu 1905 ndi W. Rothschild malinga ndi cholembera kuchokera m'zaka za zana la 17, chomwe Bud nthawi ina adalemba.

Zamoyo zamtunduwu zimakhala pachilumba cha Martinique, chomwe chili pakati penipeni pa Zilumba Zachikulu za Antilles ku Caribbean.

Amakhulupilira kuti Martinique macaw, omwe anali ofanana kwambiri ndi macaw a chikaso cha mtundu wabuluu, anali anthu ake pachilumbachi. Mutu ndi kumtunda kwa mbalameyo kunali kwamtambo wabuluu, ndipo m'mimba ndi hafu yammunsi mwa khosiyo inali yofiyira.

Malinga ndi zolembedwa zina, a Rothschild, malinga ndi zolemba za De Rochefort, adalongosola mbalame ziwiri zomwe zikukhala pachilumba cha Martinique: imodzi mwa iyo ili ndi nthenga zambiri zachikaso kumutu, kumbuyo ndi mapiko komanso mchira wofiyira, inayo idakhala ndi mitundu yambiri yosakanikirana ndi yofiira, yoyera, yabuluu, yobiriwira komanso yakuda mitundu. Nthawi yomaliza kutchulidwa kwa Martinique Macaw ikuchitika mu 1640.

Chule chagolide

Chule chagolide sichinapezeke kalekale, mu 1966, koma patatha zaka makumi angapo, zidatayika pamunthu.Chowonadi ndi chakuti malo omwe amakhala anali ochepa kwambiri komanso achindunji - anali nkhalango zozungulira Monteverde ku Costa Rica, komwe kutentha ndi chinyezi zimakhalabe kwazaka zambiri.

Komabe, kutentha kwanyengo, chomwe chimayambitsa ntchito za anthu, chasintha magawo omwe adziwika m'derali. Chamoyo cha chule wagolide, woganizira kwambiri za kusintha kwa chilengedwe, sichinathe kupirira ma metamorphoses aku nkhalango wamba. Chule womaliza anali munthu m'malo mwa 1989.

Mbalame ya Moa

Kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 18, mbalame zazikuluzikulu za mtundu wa moa zitha kupezeka ku New Zealand, masiku ano zalembedwera monga mitundu yosowa, koma okonda chidwi akuyembekezerabe kupeza mbalame zokhazokha zopezeka mu nkhanu za zilumba zazikulu ziwiri. Nthawi ina, ngakhale anthu asanafike, New Zealand idakhala "malo osungira mbalame" enieni, kunalibe zinyama (mileme siziwerengera), ufumu wa mbalame udakula ndikuchulukana, ndipo ndi chiwombankhanga chachikulu chokhacho chomwe chidayika ngozi yayikulu kwa oimira ake akuluakulu - mbalame za ku moa .

Malinga ndi asayansi, kalelo kalekale makolo akale a moa adakwera ndege kupita ku New Zealand, adakondwera nazo, ndipo kusakhalapo kwa olanda malo adachititsa kuti chizolowezicho chisiye pang'ono pang'ono. Posachedwa, gulu la asayansi linena kuti a Moa aiwale momwe angayenderere pambuyo pa kufa kwa ma dinosaurs, zomwe zinawopsa kwambiri. Ma Lizards adamwalira, ndipo moa safunikiranso kuuluka. Iwo analibe ngakhale mapiko osazungulira.

Moa adataya mapiko awo ndikuyamba kuyenda, kudya masamba, zipatso, mphukira ndi mizu. Anthu asanawonekere pazisumbu, moa adasandulika kukhala mitundu khumi. Kuphatikiza pa ma mo gi giants, kunalinso mitundu yocheperako yopanda 20 kg. Malingaliro akulu kwambiri a moa amafikira kutalika kwa 3.5 metres ndi kulemera pafupifupi 250 kg. Komanso, zazikazi zinali zolemera kuposa abambo.

Chidwi cha mbalame yodabwitsayi chidawonekera pakati pa asayansi aku Europe chakumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 19. Pazilumbazi panali mafupa am'madzi ambiri, koma mitundu ya zinthuzo sizinachitike. Poyesera kupeza mbalame zotsalazo, asayansi adapanga njira zopita kumadera akutali a zilumbazi.

Malinga ndi ofufuzawo, kuchuluka kwa maolivi ofewa amtundu wotuwa amaoneka ngati chinsinsi cha moa chochokera ku chiwombankhanga chachikulu cha Haast. Anali mdani yekhayo wa moa komanso chiwombankhanga chachikulu kwambiri padziko lapansi.

Thanzi lofunika kwambiri

Mbalameyi sinanso yokopa. Kuphwanya munthu kwa zaka zopitilira 100 ndikuwona ngati nyama zomwe zasowa, adajambulidwa ndi omwe adapanga kanema wamtchire tawuni ya Dalton Pass pachilumba cha Luzon.

Ndipo atasaka, nzika zam'deralo zimangophika mbalame ija ndikudya, osazindikira kuti mwano wazochita zawo. Mfundo yoti wobadwirayo ndi nthumwi ya mbalame zomwe zikudziwika kuti zatha kale adauzidwa ndi akatswiri azachipatala, omwe patapita nthawi adaona mbiriyo. “Ndife okondwa kuti mbalameyi idjambulidwa mwangozi. Koma bwanji ndikadakhala kuti ndi woimira mitundu yonseyi? ”

Kameruni wakuda

Khungu la nyama imvi. Koma malo omwe ma rhinos a Cameroon adakumana nawo ndi akuda. Kukonda kugwera m'matope, nthumwi za nyama za ku Africa zinakhalanso ndi mtundu womwewo. Palinso zimbudzi zoyera. Adapulumuka chifukwa anali ankhanza kwambiri kuposa achibale omwe adagwa. Nyama zakuda zimasakidwa makamaka ngati nyama zosavuta. Woimira wotsiriza wa zolengedwa adagwa mchaka cha 2013.

Rodriguez Parrot

Mafotokozedwe oyambilira amtunduwu adachokera ku 1708. Parrot ankakhala a Rodriguez ku Mascarene Islands, omwe ali pamtunda wa makilomita 650 kum'mawa kwa Madagascar. Kutalika, thupi la mbalameyo linali pafupifupi theka la mita. Phala iyi idasiyanitsidwa ndi mawonekedwe owoneka obiriwira a lalanje, omwe adaiwononga. Kuti apeze nthenga zokongola, anthu anayamba kusaka mbalame zamtunduwu mosalamulirika. Zotsatira zake, podzafika kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 18, parrot idachotsedweratu.

Crested Pigeon Mika

Nkhunda yolumikizidwa ya njiwa Mika, kapena njiwa ya chimanga, kapena njiwa wa Choiseul, kapena njiwa yoyesedwa mwamphamvu - nkhunda yochokera ku Choiseul Island (Solomon Islands). Anamwalira pakati pa zaka za m'ma 1900. Dicked Cove ya Mick idapezeka ndi mlendo wotchuka Albert Stuart Mick.

Mbalameyi inali ndi mutu wakuda wokhala ndi tinge lofiirira, mutu wabuluu komanso miyendo yofiirira. Mazira a Kirimu. Kufuula ndikocheperako, ndikugwedeza. Anthu okhala komweko amatha kutsata mwaluso kulira kwa nkhunda ya Choiseul.

Zodziwika bwino zidapangidwa pachilumba cha Choiseul, polemekeza momwe mbalameyo idalandira limodzi la mayina ake. Katswiri wazachilengedwe Albert Stuart Mick, yemwe adatulukira nkhunda mu 1904, yemwe adagwiritsa ntchito Lord Walter Rothschild (yemwe adalongosola za sayansi za nyamayo), adatinso chidziwitso chakuti mbalamezi zimakhala kuzilumba zoyandikana, makamaka Santa Isabel ndi Malaita. Ngakhale zili choncho, akatswiri azamankhwala sanakumane naye kunja kwa Chilumba cha Choiseul.

Zochepa kwambiri ndizodziwika bwino pamtunda wa nkhunda ya Choiseul, chifukwa kuwonjezera pa okhalamo, omwe adakhalapo mu 1904 omwe adatulukira adawona mbalame yamoyo. Zinadziwika kuti nkhunda zimakonda kukhala m'magulu ang'onoang'ono m'nkhalango zowirira. Chisa chimodzi chidapezeka, chifukwa pomwe zidapezeka kuti mbalamezo zimayikira dzira limodzi lokongola ngati kirimu munyumba pansi. Mwambo wokwanira, tanthauzo la makulidwe ndi kudyetsa anapiye, ndi zina zambiri zokhudza moyo wa njiwa Mika sizikudziwika. Njiwayo yotchedwa Mika ikuwonekera pa mbendera yovomerezeka ya Chigawo cha Choiseul (Solomon Islands)

Taiwan wosuta kambuku

Amakhala ku Taiwan, samakumana kunja. Kuyambira 2004, zilombozi sizinapezeke kwina kulikonse. Nyama inali mtundu wa kambuku wosuta. Anthu achilendowa ku Taiwan ankaona kuti akambuku a m'derali ndi mizimu ya makolo awo. Ngati pali chowonadi china m'chikhulupiriro, kuthandizira kwina kulibe.

Poyembekeza kuti tipeze nyalugwe ku Taiwan, asayansi adaika makamera 13,000 oyipa m'malo awo. Kwa zaka 4, palibe woimira m'modzi mwa mitunduyi yemwe adagwera pamagalasi.

Chinese paddlefish

Kufikira mita 7 m'litali. Mwa nsomba za mumtsinjewo zinali zazikulu kwambiri. Nsagwada za nyama zinali ngati lupanga lotembenuzika chammbali. Oimira amtunduwu adakumana kumpoto kwa Yangtze. Kunali komweko kuti mu Januware 2003 adawona paddlefish yomaliza. Mbalame ya paddle yaku China inali yokhudzana ndi sturgeon, imakhala ndi moyo wodyera.

Iberian Capricorn

Munthu womaliza wamwalira mchaka cha 2000. Monga momwe dzinalo likunenera, nyamayo inkakhala kumapiri a Spain ndi France. Pazaka za 80s, panali anthu 14 okha a Capricorn. Mitunduyi inali yoyamba kupangidwanso pogwiritsa ntchito ma clon. Komabe, makope a anthu achilengedwe adamwalira mwachangu, osakhala ndi nthawi yakukula.

Ma capricorn omaliza amakhala pa Phiri la Perdido. Ili ku mbali ya Spain ya Pyrenees. Akatswiri ena a zachilengedwe amakana kulingalira za mitundu ya zinthuzo zomwe zitha. Mtsutsowu ndi chisakanizo cha anthu aku Pyrenean omwe atsala ndi mitundu ina ya ibex yakwanuko. Ndiye kuti, tikulankhula za kutayika kwa chiyero cha chibadwidwe cha anthu, osati kutha kwake.

Chingwe cha kumtsinje waku China

Izi nyama zakuda zakuda, yadziwika kuti idatha mchaka cha 2006. Ambiri mwa anthuwa adamwalira, atapinda maukonde. Pofika kumayambiriro kwa zaka za 2000s, panali ma dolphin amtsinje aku China omwe adatsala 13. Kumapeto kwa 2006, asayansi adapita kukadutsa kumalo ena, koma sanapeze nyama imodzi.

Wachichaina adasiyanitsidwa ndi ma dolphin ena amtsinje ndi dorsal fin yofanana ndi mbendera. Kutalika kwake, nyamayo idafika masentimita 160, yolemera makilogalamu 100 mpaka 150.

Ntchito Zotetezera Mitundu Yokhala Pangozi

M'zaka za zana la XX zokha, anthu adazindikira kuti kufalikira kwa mitundu yachilendo ya nyama kungapangitse kuwonongeka kwachilengedwe. Komabe, zoyesera zoyambirira kuteteza zachilengedwe nthawi zambiri sizinaphule kanthu. Makamaka, izi zidachitika chifukwa chakuti akatswiri owerengera nyama amayesera kuyambiranso nyamazo, popeza anali ndi gulu limodzi kapena awiri okha.

Pakadali pano, kutha kwa mitundu ya nyama kumachokera ku nthawi 100 mpaka 1000 mwachangu kuposa momwe zimakhalira ndi masinthidwe abwinobwino.

A Gerald Darrell anathandizira kuti zinthu zisinthe. Anakhala munthu woyamba kusintha malo kukhala malo osungiramo nyama zosowa. Kubwezeretsa kuchuluka kwa nyama zomwe zatsala pang'ono kupezeka, mitundu ingapo ya anthu osagwirizana imafunikira, malo okhala ndi chakudya chosankhidwa chilichonse pachamoyo chilichonse. Zotsatira zabwino zogwira ntchito pakusamalira zachilengedwe zimatheka ngati pali anthu ambiri chifukwa chobwezeretsanso kukhazikika m'malo achilengedwe kapena malo ofananawo ngati malo achilengedwe awonongedwa ndi anthu. Chifukwa chake, mitundu yambiri ya zinyama yapulumutsidwa kale.

Ngati chiweto sichachilendo kale, koma osatsala pang'ono kutha, mapangidwe ake amasungidwa.

Akuluakulu aku Kenya ndi ku Tanzania azindikira kale kuti alendo okaona malo omwe akufuna kuona njovu ndi nyama zina kumalo achilengedwe, amabweretsa phindu lalikulu kuposa kugulitsa zikopa za minyanga ndi mikango. Tsopano, ogwira ntchito m'malo osungirako maboma ali pachiwopsezo chomenya nkhondo ndi ozizira (milandu yotereyi) kuposa momwe iwowo amayesera kupha mkango kapena njovu.

Ku Russia, ntchito zotere zimachitika mopitilira muyeso, malo osungirako zachilengedwe nthawi zambiri satetezedwa. Zotsatira zake, nyalugwe yaku Far East ikhoza kutayika nthawi iliyonse.

Nyama yosowa sikuyenera kutha. Nthawi zonse pamakhala mwayi kuti anthu angapo adathawa kufa, kukhala osamala kwambiri. Kukula kwakukulu komwe chilengedwe chimakhala ndi zolengedwazo ndikangokulitsa, ndi mwayi. Chifukwa chake, mwachitsanzo, anthu a Takha, mtundu womwe umaganizika kuti watha, wapezeka. Koma nthawi zambiri, kuthekera kwa kupezeka kwachiwiri kwa chinyama kuli pafupi ndi zero.

Palinso ntchito zina zakusangalatsidwa kwa majini pogwiritsa ntchito mitundu yosungidwa ya DNA, koma palibe imodzi yomwe idakwaniritsidwa.

Kuyamba

Lingaliro lopanga Bukhu Lofiira la zinyama ndi zomera lidawonekera pakati pa zaka zapitazi. Ndipo mu 1966 buku loyamba la bukuli lidasindikizidwa, zomwe zidaphatikizapo kufotokozera mitundu yoposa zana ya zinyama, mitundu 200 ya mbalame, ndi mitundu yoposa 25,000 ya zomera. Chifukwa chake, asayansi adayesa kudziwitsa anthu zavuto lakufalikira kwa nthumwi zina za maluwa ndi nyama zapadziko lapansi. Komabe, kusunthaku sikunathandize kwenikweni kuthetsa nkhaniyi. Chifukwa chake, chaka chilichonse Buku Lofiyira limapangidwanso bwino ndi mayina atsopano amitundu. Anthu ochepa amadziwa kuti pali masamba akuda a Red Book. Nyama ndi zomera zomwe zalembedwapo zikutha mosatha. Tsoka ilo, mwambiri, nthawi zambiri izi zidachitika chifukwa cha kupanda nzeru kwa anthu kwa chilengedwe cha dziko lapansi. Buku Lofiyira ndi lakuda la zinyama masiku ano silizindikiro kwambiri ngati kulira kwa anthu onse a Dziko Lapansi pakufunika kwa kusiya kugwiritsa ntchito zachilengedwe pongofuna zawo. Kuphatikiza apo, ali ndi chidziwitso pakufunika kwa chidwi chakumvetsera kwathu okongola omwe atizungulira, okhala ndi zolengedwa zambiri zodabwitsa komanso zapadera. Buku Lachikuda la zinyama lero likufotokoza nthawi kuyambira 1500 mpaka lero. Tikaona masamba a buku lino, titha kukhala okhumudwa kuti panthawiyi mitundu pafupifupi chikwi ya nyama idafa, osatchulanso mbewu. Tsoka ilo, ambiri aiwo adachitiridwapo nkhanza kapena mwachindunji anthu.

Buku lakuda la Russia

Nyama mdziko lathu lero zikuyimiridwa ndi mitundu yopitilira 1,500. Komabe, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mitundu ku Russia ndi akunja ikuchepa kwambiri. Izi zimachitika makamaka chifukwa cha vuto la munthu. Mitundu yambiri makamaka yafa zaka 200 zapitazo. Chifukwa chake, tili ndi Buku Lakuda la Russia. Nyama zomwe zidatchulidwa pamasamba ake zatha. Ndipo masiku ano, nthumwi zambiri za nyama zoweta zimatha kuwoneka kupatula pazithunzi zomwe zimapezeka mu encyclopedia kapena, mwanjira ya nyama yodzala ndi malo osungirako zinthu zakale. Tikukupemphani kuti mudzadziwane ndi ena mwa iwo.

Kutalika kuchokera 1700 mpaka 1799

• Threskiornis solitarius - mbalame yosowa ya banja la ibis, endcin to the Island of Reunion. Kutchulidwa koyamba kudalipo mu 1613, ndipo koyambirira kumadziwika kuti ndi Dodo. Kutchulidwa komaliza kudachokera ku 1705.
• Pigeon Dubois (lat.Nesoenas mayeri duboisi) - mbalame yosowa ya banja la nkhunda. Yoyamba kufotokozedwa ndi S. Dubois mu 1674, pambuyo pake R Rothschild adatcha dzina pambuyo poti wapeza. Kutchulidwa komaliza kudachokera ku 1705.

Matenda a Indian Ocean

Zilumba za Mascarene (Mauritius, Rodriguez ndi Reunion) ndi zina mwa zitsanzo zotchuka kwambiri za kufa kwa matenda am'madzi. Pamodzi ndi dodo, zisumbu zidasowa:

• ziphona zazikulu zam'munda (mitundu yambiri yochokera kumtundu Cylindraspis, mawonedwe apafupi asungidwa pa zilumba za Galapagos ku Pacific Ocean),
• Threskiornis solitarius,
• zobwezeretsa zina.
• Pewani nkhunda zapinki ndi mitundu ina yambiri zidapulumuka mozizwitsa, makamaka chifukwa cha zoyesayesa za Gerald Darell (bukhu loperekedwa ku ichi - "Golden birds and Pink pigeons" linatulutsidwa mu Chirasha).
• Mitundu yamatsenga amphaka yomwe imatha pa Reunion Falco duboisi.
• Mitundu yonse iwiri ya kadzidzi inafa Mascarenotus.
• mitundu iwiri ya njiwa zamtambo (Alectroenas)

Ng'ombe

Nyanja, kapena Steller's, ng'ombe, kapena kabichi - chofunikira kwambiri machitidwe a sirens, m'njira zambiri amafanana ndi manatee ndi dugong, koma anali okulirapo kuposa iwo. Zambiri zazikulu za nyama izi zimasambira pamwamba pa madzi, zimadyetsa panyanja kale (kelp), ndichifukwa chake nyamayi idatchedwa ng'ombe yam'nyanja. Nyama yake, yomwe inali yokoma kwambiri komanso yosanunkhika ngati nsomba, idadyedwa mwachangu, kotero kuti ng'ombe ya Steller idachotsedwa kwathunthu m'zaka 30 zokha, ngakhale anali anthu ambiri bwanji. Zowona, umboni wosiyana wa oyendetsa sitima omwe akuti adazindikira ng'ombe zingapo zam'madzi adabwera zaka za 1970 zisanachitike ndipo mwina, pambuyo pake. Mafupa a ng'ombe yam'madzi amatha kuwoneka mu malo osungirako zachilengedwe a Moscow State University.

Cormorant

Steller's cormorant (wochititsa chidwi kwambiri, Phalacrocorax perspicillatus- - mbalame yochokera pagican-like, cormorant banja, cormorant genus. Cormorant anali wamkulu kuposa 70 cm kutalika, sakanakhoza kuuluka ndikuyenda ngati penguin. Nyama ya Steller cormorant sinali yocheperapo kuposa nyama ya ng'ombe yam'nyanja. Popeza ma cormorants sanadziwe kuuluka ndipo amatha kuthawa pangozi m'madzi, oyendetsa zombo zodutsa anawagwira mosavuta, sitima zodzaza ndi amoyo ndikuzibweretsa. Pa ulendowu, mbalame zinafa, zina zidadyedwa ndi gulu lenilenilo, ndipo mbalame 200 zokha mwa chikwi chimodzi zidagulitsidwa. Amawonetsedwa kuti iwonongedwa pakati pa zaka za XIX, ngakhale, malinga ndi malipoti osatsimikizika, awiri omaliza a cormorants adawonedwa mu 1912.

Zitsanzo zina

Ku New Zealand - mbalame moa (kuchotsedwa ndi a Maori aborigines), ku Madagascar - mbalame zam'banja epiornisisZilumba za Falkland - falkland nkhandweKu Australia ndi Tasmania - nkhandwe ya marsupial, pa Choiseul Island (Solomon Islands) - kutulutsa njiwa. Mbalameyi idapezeka ndikufotokozedwa ndi wolemba zachilengedwe Wachingelezi A.S. Mick mu 1804. Nkhunda imakhala nthawi yayitali pansi, ndikugona usiku wonse pamitengo yamitengo. Cholinga chachikulu chakutha kwa nkhunda (kuzimiririka pofika pakati pa zaka za zana la 20) zinali amphaka zomwe zinabweretsedwa pachisumbucho komanso kudula mitengo pansi paminda ya mitengo ya coconut.