Turoch wofiyira ndi mtundu wa mbalame kuchokera ku banja la pheasant. Monga turuchs, mitunduyi imangopezeka ku Africa kokha. Amakhala ku Central Africa komanso gombe la kum'mawa kwa Tanzania.
Tsamba-lofiirira lopyapyala limakhala lalitali masentimita 25- 38. Mwambiri, maula ndi amdima, kumtunda kwa thupi ndi woderako, ndipo m'munsi mumakhala wakuda ndi mikwingwirima yoyera ndi yoyera. Mlomo, khungu lopanda nkhope, komanso kumbuyo kwa mutu ndi miyendo imakhala yofiyira.
Turuch yokhala ndi khosi ndi mbalame yochenjera yomwe imangoyang'ana chitetezo m'malo obiriwira. Amafunanso kufunafuna chakudya kudera lotseguka, mwachitsanzo pamtunda wokhazikika, pokhapokha ngati pali chitsamba chowongoka kapena poyambira pafupi. Chisa ndi dzenje lopanda kanthu pansi munthaka yayitali kapena zitsamba zowirira. Yaikazi imayikira mazira 3-9.
Chitsiru chofiyira
Kamba wamawonekedwe ofiira - Francolinus afer - Kukula kwa wamkulu ndi masentimita 30-41. Turuch yokhala ndi mutu wofiirayo ikuwonetsa kusinthika kwakukulu, ikuyimilidwa ndi mitundu 18 yomwe ikukhala ku Africa konse kumwera kwa equator.
Ma turkeys ofiira khosi nthawi zambiri amatha kuwonekera m'magulu osakanizika ndi mitundu ina ya turuchas, akamadya pakati pazomera zomwe sizikula pang'ono m'mphepete mwa nkhalango komanso makoma. Zomwe zimakhazikitsidwa ndi zakudya ndi mababu, mphukira, ma rhizomes, zipatso ndi mbewu zowonjezera ndi tizilombo komanso ma invertebrates ena.
Range - Central ndi South Africa. Habitats - kudula mitengo ndi kudulira kwakula ndi zitsamba.
Maanja okwatirana amakhalapo chaka chonse m'malo osakhalitsa ndipo, mwachiwonekere, amakhalabe moyo wawo wonse. M'malo mwake muli mazira 3-9 omwe amaikiramo dothi pansi pa chitsamba. Akazi okha ndi omwe amalowa. Monga nkhuku zambiri, anapiye amakula msanga ndipo amatha kuuluka akatha zaka 10.
Zizindikiro zakunja za turuch yofiyira
Mapopa ndi gulu la mbalame zazikulu kwambiri za nkhuku, zomwe zimakhalapo pakhungu lowonekera pamutu ndi m'khosi.
Turach yokhala ndi mutu wofiyira imakhala yayikulu masentimita 30-41, zazikazi ndizosachepera 25 - 38 cm. Amuna amalemera 480 - 1000 magalamu, akazi - 370 - 690 magalamu. Mbalame zimasiyana mkamwa ofiira, khungu lofiyira kuzungulira maso, khosi lofiira ndi miyendo yofiyira.
Kuwonetsa kumapeto kwa nthenga - pamtundu wa bulauni, silika, imvi, zoyera, mitsempha yakuda ndiyanso yodziwika ndi mitundu. Amuna ndi akazi ali ndi mitundu yofanana ya maula, koma kukula kwake kochepa thupi. Amuna amakhala osiyana ndi miyendo yayitali, yakuthwa pamiyendo yawo.
Turuch yokhala ndi timabowo tofiyira timawonetsa kusinthika kwambiri kwamtundu wa nthenga, ndikuyimilidwa ndi magulu asanu ndi atatu, osiyana kwambiri kukula kwake, amakhala ku Africa konse kumwera kwa equator.
Kufalikira Kwa Turuch Kofiyira
Dera lokhala ndi timabowo tofiirira ndi pakati komanso kumwera kwa Africa. Mbalame zimapezeka ku Angola, Burundi, Congo, Congo, Gabon. Amakhala ku Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, Rwanda. Komanso ku Swaziland, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe.
Turoch wofiyira (Fedolinus afer).
Turuch wofiirira
Mababu, mphukira, tubers, ma rhizomes, zipatso ndi mbewu ndi kuphatikiza kwa tizilombo ndi ma invertebrates ena amapanga maziko azakudya zamtundu wofiirira. Mbalame zimadya chithaphwi, maolloll.
Amatola mbewu, chimanga, mapira pamunda waulimi. Mbalame zimadyetsa m'mawa ndi madzulo, kukumba dothi.
Monga ma turuchs ambiri, nyama zokhala ndi maondo ofiira zimapezeka ku Africa kokha.
Kubala Turuch wofiila wofiila
Nyengo yakuswana kwa ma turke-ofiira osamangidwa sikhala pa nthawi inayake. Nthawi zambiri mbalame zimasamba pakagwa mvula yambiri, ndipo udzu wobiriwira umawonekera kulikonse. Mbalame zimayala kuyambira Novembala mpaka Epulo.
Maanja okwatirana amakhalapo chaka chonse m'malo osakhalitsa ndipo, mwachiwonekere, amakhalabe moyo wawo wonse.
Yaikazi imayikira mazira 3-9 mu kukhumudwa mu nthaka pansi pa chitsamba. Zinthu zomangira ndi zinyalala za chomera ndi nthenga zochepa. Wamphongo sachita nawo nkhonya, wamkazi amangolowa masiku 23. Monga nkhuku zambiri, anapiye amakula msanga ndipo amatha kuuluka akatha zaka 10.
Zomwe zimachitika pa turuch yofiyira
Mitambo yokhala ndi makosi ofiira nthawi zambiri imatha kuwonekera m'magulu osakanizika, pamodzi ndi mitundu ina ya turuch, pamene idyera pakati pa masamba okula pang'ono m'mphepete mwa nkhalango komanso makomedwe. Mbalame ndi zapadziko lapansi. Utoto wokongola umabisiritsa turuch yofiirira-yachilengedwe. Amasamala kwambiri komanso amanyazi, amawuluka bwino. Akamba owopsya amayesa kuthawa, ndipo ngati izi sizikuyenda bwino, amawulukira mumlengalenga ndipo, akuwuluka mamiliyoni makumi angapo, amabisanso tchire. Nthawi zina mbalame zimadyera zitsamba zotseguka kapena malo olimapo ndipo zimakhala zopandaulere, bola ngati pali dambo pafupi.
Pazaka za miyezi 3-4, mbalame zazing'ono zimafikira pafupifupi kukula kwa maturu akuluakulu.
Chisa chofiyira cha tchire pansi. Ali ponseponse mozungulira mapiri obiriwira. Malo abwino kwambiri omwe mungawone ma turke ofiira m'mawa kwambiri amakhala mumsewu wamapiri kapena m'munsi mwa phirilo, ozungulira madzi.
Mkhalidwe wamtundu-wofiirira
Kukula kwa chiwerengero cha anthu padziko lonse lapansi cha Turkey. Mtunduwu uli ponseponse ndipo alipo ochulukirapo pamtunda wa 4,560,000 km², koma kuchuluka kwa mbalame kutsika kwanuko, makamaka ku Zimbabwe, chifukwa chakuwedza kosaka. Nyama ya mbalame ndizosangalatsa;
Chiwerengero chambiri chamtundu wamtunduwu chikuchitira umboni kuti mitunduyi ndiyabwino motani. Chifukwa chakuti ku Africa turoch ofiidwa ndi khosi amatha kukhala ndi zosokoneza pang'ono mchaka chonse, kutulutsa kwa mbalamezi ndizokulirapo. Kukhazikika kochepa chabe ndikuwonongeka kwa malo okhala zachilengedwe chifukwa cha ntchito zachuma kumafunikira chidwi cha mitundu ina.
Turuch yokhala ndi khosi kumakhala mbalame zosamala, ndipo imabisala pakati pamimba zambiri.
Subspecies ndi kugawa kwa turuchi
Ma Francolin padziko lapansi fauna amaimiridwa ndi mitundu 35-40, ndipo mitundu 4-5 yokha yomwe imakhala ku Asia, kuphatikiza Russia, ndi enanso ndi yodziwika padziko lonse la Africa. Ma francolins aku Africa amasiyana ndi ma Asia aku Asia omwe amapanga ma spurs pamiyendo yawo komanso zofanana zamankhwala zazimuna ndi zazikazi, chifukwa chake, akatswiri ena amapatula mbalamezi mumtundu wapadera wa Pternistis, ndi ena amtundu wa Scleroptila.
Ma Francolins ndi mbalame zomwe zimangokhala nthawi yayitali ndipo zimakhala pachaka chonse chaka chochepa. Kupatulikitsidwa komwe kwadzetsa kudapangitsa kudzipatula kwadongosolo ndi mitundu ya mitundu yawo.
Turuch wofiirira wokhazikika amawerengedwa ngati mitundu yomwe ili ndi chiwopsezo chochepa kwambiri kuthengo ndipo sichigwera pagawo loopsa.
Pano pali mitundu isanu ndi itatu
R. a. cranchii - Kongo (kuzungulira Nyanja ya Victoria), Angola, Malawi, Zambia, P. a. - Angola, Namibia, P. a. harterti - Congo, Rwanda, Burundi (mozungulira gombe la Tanganyika m'chigwa cha Ruzizi), Tanzania, R. a. leucoparaeus - Kenya mpaka kumalire ndi Tanzania.
R. a. loangwae - Zambia ndi Malawi, P. a. melanogaster - Tanzania, Zambia, Mozambique. R. a. ntchentche - Zimbabwe, Mozambique (Zambezi). R. a. castaneiventer - South Africa (Western Cape, Limpopo).
Ngati mwapeza cholakwika, chonde sankhani gawo ndikusindikiza Ctrl + Lowani.
Flamingo
- Tchulani mbalame ya Chipwitikizi yomwe dzina lake lachi Latin limatanthawuza "mbalame ya phoenix"
- (wofiira-mapiko) mbalame yayikulu, yapinki, pamiyendo yayitali
- mbalame yayikulu yokhala ndi maula pinki
- mbalame yojambulidwa pazizindikiro za boma za Bahamas
- mbalame yapinki yomwe yasandulika chifanizo cha kusambira kozungulira
- mafoni akumwera
- mbalame yam'mwera yakumaso yokhala ndi ma pinki opepuka, khosi lalitali ndi miyendo yayitali
- mbalame yamadzi a pinki
- pakati pa mbalame zina, mbalameyi imakhala ndi mbiri yotalika miyendo ndi khosi, inde, yofanana ndi kukula kwa thupi
- pama nyanja osamba a East Africa, chiwombankhanga chodya nsomba, chifukwa chosowa nsomba, zimagwiritsa mbalamezi
- anapiye a mbalameyi amamwetsedwa mkaka wofiira ngati mkaka kuchokera mkamwa mwa makolo awo
- chisa cha mbalameyi ndi dongo lotalika theka la mita kutalika
- mbalame yapinki
- mbalame mu nyimbo ya Sviridova
- mbalame yofiirira ya miyendo yayitali
- mbalame yayikulu ya pinki
- mbalame ya heron-yotentha
- mbalame yapinki
- mbalame yotchedwa fuchsia
- Ndi mbalame iti yomwe imakhala yokongola kwambiri?
- mbalame ya miyendo yayitali yokhala ndi mlomo wopindika
Akuluakulu Turaco
Mbidzi wamkulu wakudya nthochi amawoneka wokongola kwambiri. Mumapulamu mumakhala mitundu yowala kwambiri: yofiira, chikaso, buluu, zobiriwira zowala, violet, pinki ndi zina. Komanso, mtundu wobiriwira wa nthenga umaperekedwa kwa mbalame mwachilengedwe.
Odyera Banana amapeza emerald hue pakapita nthawi. Amagawana mitengo yomwe ili ndi mtundu wapadera. Wokalamba wokonda nthochi akamagwa mvula yambiri, ndiye kuti “zovala” zake zimayamba kuzimiririka.
Mbalame yochokera ku banja lomwe limadya nthochi imakhala ndi mchira wautali ndi mutu kumutu. Mlomo wa turuko ndi waufupi kwambiri, koma wokhalitsa komanso wamkulu. Amatha kukhala m'nkhalango zotentha komanso m'mapiri, komanso m'mapiri ndi m'matanthwe.
Wosadzikuza kwathunthu komanso wosankhika. Sangathe kutsika pansi kwa nthawi yayitali kuchokera pamtengo. Amabisala mwaluso kwambiri kumeneko, amaundana, osapanga mawu.
Banja
Ndikosavuta kusiyanitsa pakati pa mbalame yamphongo yaimuna ndi wamkazi. Kugonana kwa dimorphism kulibe kwathunthu. Amayi ndi abambo amagwira ntchito limodzi kumanga zisa za "njiwa" zosasamala, zosasamala.
Nazale yamtsogolo ikufanana ndi nsanja, yobisika munthambi. Monga lamulo, chachikazi chimayikira mazira awiri amitundu yoyera. Chingwe chimaswa maliseche kwathunthu.
Alibe mtundu wowala pano. Amakumbukira pang'ono mawere a nkhakao, pokhapokha masiku angapo ataphimbidwa ndi khungu pansi, mosiyana ndi ena. Chovala chakuda chidzakhala pamaphukusi kwa nthawi yayitali - pafupifupi miyezi iwiri.
Momwe mungabzalire ndikumera broccoli m'munda Kukula kwa mluza, kenako mwana wankhuku, wosakwiya. Makulitsidwe ali ngati masiku 20. Pambuyo pa milungu 6yo anapiye ayamba kuyesa kuchoka chisa. Komanso, mbalame yaying'ono yodya nthochi sidziwa kuuluka. Pa mapiko pamakhala malo ocheperako omwe ma turuko amasuntha pamitengo. Chingwe sichimawuluka, koma kukwera.
Kutalika kwa moyo ndi nyengo yakubereketsa
Chiwonetsero cha chikondi ndi ntchito za anthu omwe amadya nthochi chikugwa kuyambira pa Epulo mpaka Julayi. Ndikusintha kwa kutentha komwe mbalame zimasaka kuti zipeze mnzake. Amuna amalira mokweza kwambiri, ndikuitanira zazikazi.
Atapeza theka lachiwiri, mbalame yomwe imadya nthochi imasiyanitsidwa ndi ziwalo zina. Opuma awiri, kubisala chisa m'nthambi zambiri pamwamba. Kuti mutetezeke, kutalika kwa 3 mpaka 5.5 mamita kumasankhidwa.
Makolo ali ndi udindo wophunzitsa ana. Amayang'anitsitsa momwe anapiye amalumpha kuchokera ku nthambi kupita ku nthambi. Ndipo mpaka masabata 10 amadyetsa ana awo.
Ndizosadabwitsa kuti oledzera nthochi amakhala ndi moyo mpaka zaka 15-17. Moyo wawo umayenda mosangalatsa. Amaswa mazira kwa nthawi yayitali.
Anapiye awo ndi osathandiza kwa nthawi yayitali. Nthawi yaunyamata imakhalanso ndi nyengo yabwino. Pakati pa mbalame, amadziwika kuti ndi a zaka zana.
Kukula m'badwo
Turaco yakula mosadukiza kudzera pamitengo ngati agologolo. Umu ndi malo okhala mbalame zodya nthochi. Sakonda kusiya nthambi zawo zosokonekera, amakonda kukhala ndi nthawi yosunthika komanso mwamphamvu potetezedwa ndi masamba.
Mbadwo wachichepere wa oledzera nthochi amangoyima kuti ungoluma. Ndipo ngakhale izo zimatenga masekondi angapo. Amagwira chipatso pamtengo umodzi, nthawi yomweyo ndikulumphira kwina.
Kafotokozedwe ka mbalame yakudya nthochi sikhala wopanda tanthauzo ngati simulankhula za kulira komwe kumamveka kawirikawiri m'mvula yamvula. Liwu la Turaco lomwe likukula ndilokulira, lofuula, lakuthwa ndi kuboola. Sitha kutchedwa kuti nyimbo mwanjira iliyonse. Tsoka ilo, mbalame izi sizikhala ndi luso lotulutsa mawu.
Khalidwe ndi moyo
Turaco imakonda mitengo yayitali. Mbalamezi ndizobisalira, ngakhale zimachita zinthu modabwitsa. Mbalame zimaswa m'magulu a anthu 12-16.
Samawuluka nthawi yomweyo, kutumiza ma scout. Mbalame ikadumpha kapena ikangokhala pa nthambi ikulira kwambiri, ndiye kuti ndegeyo imanyamuka ikangokhala chete. Izi zikusonyeza kuti pakati pa omwe amathawa kudya nthochi amakhala opanda nkhawa, amawopa china chake ndipo amathamangira kwawo komwe amakhala.