Nsomba izi mosiyanasiyana mosiyanasiyana ndende zilipo pafupifupi matupi onse amadzi ku Europe. Kupatula kuli madera akumwera ndi kumwera chakum'mawa. Ku Russia, nsomba zimapezeka m'malo ambiri. Sichikupezeka ku dera la Yakutia kokha komanso kum'mawa kwa dzikolo.

Lingaliro limakhala m'mitsinje ya kumpoto kwa beseni la Caspian (Volga, Emba, Ural). Nsomba zimakhala m'mitsinje yomwe imayenda kupita ku Black Sea (kuchokera ku Kuban kupita ku Danube). Zowona, samapezeka ku Crimea. Polengeza zamtunduwu, adadziwonetsa ku United States, pomwe idayamba mizu m'malo osungirako a Connecticut.

Nsomba ya ide ndi mtundu wamadzi amchere. Ngakhale imalekerera mosavuta madzi osakhalitsa ndipo imatha kukhala m'mphepete mwa nyanja. Kugawidwa m'madziwe amanja, mitsinje, nyanja zoyenda. Sakonda mitsinje yamapiri, yozizira, yamapiri. Zokongoletsera zimayenda pang'onopang'ono komanso malo akuya. Ndikosavuta kukumana pafupi ndi maenje, kamvuluvulu, milatho, zitsamba zopendekera pamadzi pamphepete mwa nyanja.

Nsomba sizibisalira. M'nyengo yozizira, imalekerera mosavuta kusintha kwakukulu kwa kutentha. Ndi mtundu wolimba kwambiri pakati pa abale.

Mawonekedwe

Kutalika kwa anthu akuluakulu kumafika 35 ... 63 masentimita, kulemera kwawo nthawi zambiri kumakhala 2.8 ... 2.0 kg. Ngakhale lingaliro lalikulu kwambiri limadziwika, wogwidwa ndi asodzi, omwe kutalika kwake kunali 90 cm, ndipo kulemera kwake kufika 8 ... 6 kg. Nsombayi imakhala zaka 15 ... zaka 20.

Thupi la nsombalo limakhala lakuda, ndipo limafupikitsa mutu. Pakamwa pake ndi mochepa komanso yaying'ono. M'mikhalidwe yosiyanasiyana, kutengera nthawi ya msambo, msinkhu, nsomba zimatha kutchula kapena kusatchulanso kusiyana pakati pawo.

Mu nthawi yamasika, thupi la nsomba limapereka chinsalu. Zophimba za gill, mutu wa nsomba umawoneka wagolide. Colours amasintha mwachangu mtembo utatembenuka padzuwa. Amatha kukhala amtundu wagolide, siliva ndi pafupifupi ma toni akuda.

Zipsepse zam'munsi zimakhala zofiira. Nthawi zina mchira ndi pamwamba ndimtundu womwewo. Kumbuyo ndikuda komanso kwamtambo, m'mimba ndi siliva, mbali zake ndi zoyera. Maso ake ndi achikaso achikasu kapena achikasu oyera, okhala ndi malo amdima pamwamba.

Anthu achikulire amakhala ndi utoto kwambiri komanso owala kwambiri poyerekeza ndi mapisi.

Kuswana

Ides imayamba kukhwima pazaka 3 ... wazaka 5. Kubzala kwa nsomba nthawi zambiri kumachitika mchaka chachiwiri. Sukulu za nsomba, ndikasungunuka ayezi, zimathamangira kumalo awo akale osambira. Thupi la amuna nthawi imeneyi limakutidwa ndi ma warts ang'ono achikasu. Pali akazi ochulukirapo nthawi ziwiri mopitilira ng'ombe.

Chiyambi chakuponya mazira pachizimba chikugwirizana ndi pike ndi perch. Kutentha kwamadzi pankhaniyi kumafika ku 2 ° C ... 13 ° C. Kutalika kwa nthawi yowundula ndi 1 ... milungu iwiri.

Caviar imayikidwa mozama pafupifupi 0.80 m, pamizu ya mbewu zamadzi zingapo zam'madzi, chaka chatha tchire la udzu. Kubalalika nthawi yomweyo.

Mazira a nsomba ndi ozungulira, 2.0 ... 1.5 mm m'mimba mwake. Kuchuluka kwawo kwa nsomba kumadalira msinkhu wake, kukula kwake ndi kufikira zidutswa 130,000.

Kugwiritsa ntchito lingaliro kuphika

Nyamayo imakhala ndi mtundu woyera kapena wachikasu. Kukomerako ndikokwera, koma kumakhala ndi mafupa ambiri.

Kuchokera pazomwe mungaphike mbale zosiyanasiyana. Mwakutero, nsombayi imawiritsa, mchere, kusuta, kuphika, kukazinga, mchere. Nyama imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chodzaza popanga ma pie.

Mosiyana ndi nsomba zamtundu wina, malingaliro amayendetsedwa pamtunda wotentha komanso nthawi yayitali. Izi zimachitika makamaka chifukwa chakuti nyama yake imawerengedwa ndi majeremusi osiyanasiyana.

Kukoma kwa nyama kumadalira nthawi yakuwedza. Mwachitsanzo, m'chilimwe chimatulutsa matope, chifukwa chake, asanaphike, amawathira m'madzi amchere.

Zopatsa mphamvu za calorie za nyama ya ide ndizochepa, sizidutsa 116,5 kcal. Chogulitsachi chili ndi mavitamini PP, mapuloteni, mafuta, zinthu (chitsulo, chromium, fluorine, nickel, molybdenum).

Momwe mungayikire mchere

Kuthira mchere "Pansi pa nsomba" pa 1 makilogalamu nsomba, 200 g mchere, 100 g shuga, zosakaniza zingapo (koriander, allspice, tsabola wosweka) zimadyedwa.

Nsombayo imatsegulidwa kumbuyo ndi mpeni wakuthwa. Mchira ndi mutu zimadulidwa ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito mtsogolomo msuzi wa nsomba. Chotsani zolowa mkati ndikupukuta ndi nsalu yowuma. Mutha kuchotsa msana ndi nthiti.

Mkati, nsomba zigawo zimakonkhedwa pang'ono ndi mchere, shuga, ndi zonunkhira. Pindani pakati ndi kuponderezedwa. Amasungidwa m'chipinda chapansi pa nyumba kapena mufiriji kwa masiku awiri.

Nsomba zomwe zimayambapo zikufanana ndi nsomba zazing'ono. Itha kudyeka nthawi yomweyo kapena kusuta.

Oven kuphika mu uvuni

Nsomba zophika zimatha kuphikidwa m'magawo kapena mitembo yonse. Mu mtundu wotsiriza, malingaliro amatsukidwa mamba, ma gill ndi zotupa zimachotsedwa. Dulani zipsepse, osambitsidwa bwino. Kuti muchotse fungo, matiniwo amaikidwa kwa maola awiri mu njira yochepa ya mchere.

Forcemeat wakonzedwa kuchokera ku akanadulidwa 2 anyezi, msuzi wa theka ndimu, mchere, tsabola wofiira ndi wakuda. Atenga mtembo wa nsomba mkati.

Kunja kwa thupi pindani mafupa. Opaka ndi mchere wosakaniza, tsabola (ofiira ndi wakuda). Mphete zokhala ndi mandala

Mafuta ophikira amathiridwa pamtundu wophika, womwe umayikidwa pamwamba pa mphete ya anyezi. Pamwamba ikani mtembo wokonzedweratu. Smear mokwanira ndi wowawasa zonona.

Kenako, pepala lophika limakutidwa ndi zojambulazo ndikuyika mu uvuni, pamwamba. Pansi pa pepala lina ndi madzi. Kuphika uvuni malingaliro Imakonzedwa ndi kutentha kwa 180 ° C ndi ola limodzi munthawi. Kotala la ola kutatsala kuti zojambulazo zichotsedwe.

Maganizo ophikidwa mu sesame kutumphuka

Kuti mukonze mbale yanu muyenera: nyama ya malingaliro, anyezi awiri, 2 tomato, 150 g ufa, 100 g wowawasa zonona, kapu ya masamba am'madzi, theka la ndimu, 2 cloves ya adyo, osakaniza pang'ono zonunkhira "Goldfish", 10 g ya sesame.

Choyamba muyenera kuphika nsomba: peel, m'matumbo, kudula zipsepse, kuchapa. Kuphatikiza apo, m'mbali mwa mtembo, sinthani mafupa kulowa mu masentimita 1.5. Opaka ndi msuzi wa Golden Fish mkati ndi kunja, wothiriridwa ndi mandimu, magawo ake amawayika. Nsombayo adakulungidwa mu pulasitiki ndikukulunga ndikutsamira kwa theka la ola.

Dulani mphete za anyezi, thirani. Garlic imadulidwa payokha, tomato kumadulidwa.

Madzi omwe amapangidwa mutatha kukoka amachotsedwa pamalingaliro. Mkati mwa mtembo, adyo amadzaza mateche. Kenako nsombayo amamukulunga ndi ufa.

Nsombazo zimayikidwa pa zojambulazo. Wosanjikiza wa anyezi wokongoletsedwa amaikidwa pamwamba, kenako wosanjikiza wa tomato wosakanizidwa ndi kirimu wowawasa. Fesani zonse pamwamba ndi mbewu za sesame.

Nsombayi imatsekedwa mwamphamvu ndi zojambulazo, ndikuyiyika 1 ora mu uvuni, yotenthetsedwa mpaka 180 ° C. Monga masamba am'mbale azakudya, amadyera amapezeka bwino.

Onani mafotokozedwe

Wachikulire amafika masentimita 35-53 (otalika 90 cm) ndipo amalemera makilogalamu 2-2.8. Chiyembekezo cha moyo wa malingalirowo chimasiyana pakati pa zaka 15 mpaka 20. Thupi limakhala lambiri, kamwa limakhala laling'ono, mutu umafupikitsidwa. Kutengera ndi nthawi ya chaka, dera komanso zaka, nsomba zimatha kuwonetsa kusiyana.

Malo omwe mitunduyi imabadwira ndi mayiko aku Scandinavia.

Chapakatikati, kuphimba kwa gill ndi mutu kumakhala ndi mawonekedwe amtundu wagolide, omwe dzuwa limatulutsa masisitoni akuda. Kumbuyo ndi kwamtambo wakuda, m'mimba ndi imvi, mbali za thupi ndi zoyera. Zipsepse zam'munsi, zam'maso ndizofiyira, ndipo ziphuphu za dzo, zamkati ndi zakuda. Maso ake ndi achikasu ndi ma tenti obiriwira okhala ndi malo amdima pamwamba.

Nsombazi ndizopatsa chidwi, zimadya zam'madzi zapamwamba zam'madzi, mphutsi zamtchire, maollamu, ndi mphutsi makamaka madzulo.

Malingaliro amakula pang'onopang'ono zaka 3-5. Kutulutsa kumachitika theka lachiwiri la masika. Munthawi imeneyi, thupi la anyani limakutidwa ndi njere zazing'ono zachikasu. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, azimayi ambiri amalamulira ng'ombe zomwe ndizowirikiza kawiri. Lingaliro limamera kwa masabata 1-2 nthawi imodzi ndi pike ndi liwisi pa kutentha kwa madzi kwa madigiri 2-13. Kuchuluka kwa ana kumatengera kukula kwa chikazi, msinkhu wake ndi kufikira zidutswa 130,000. Caviar imayikidwa pamizu ya zomera zamadzi pansi pamadzi akuya kwa 0.8 m.

Makulidwe ndi Kutalika Kwa Moyo

Podzafika zaka 6 ukuya pamiyendo, nsomba zimakula mpaka kutalika kwa 30-50 masentimita ndikulemera makilogalamu 2.0-3.0. Zizindikiro izi ndizofanana ndi zofanizira za trophy, zomwe sizipezeka pano. M'mikhalidwe yabwino, munthu aliyense payekha amatha kukhala ndi moyo mpaka zaka 15-20. Mu ukalamba kuti pali kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa kutalika kwa thupi (mpaka 80-90 cm) ndi kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa kudzikulitsa.

Malingaliro akulu kwambiri anali kulemera makilogalamu 8.2 ndi kutalika kopitilira mita (102 cm). Kubedwa kwamakono kumakhala kovutirapo. Kulemera kwakukulu kwa nsomba sikupitirira makilogalamu 0.5-1,5, zomwe zikuwonetsa kubwezeretsanso kwakukulu kwa ziweto chifukwa kuchepa kwa malo omwe ali ndi mikhalidwe yoyenera kutukuka kwa nthawi yayitali, kutchuka kwakula kwa masewera asodzi, kupezeka kwa zida zapamwamba kwambiri zomwe zitha kupirira katundu wolemera.

Kupangidwa kwamankhwala

Nyama ya ide ndi yoyera-yachikaso, yowutsa mudyo, yotsekemera, yolowetsedwa ndi mafupa ambiri. Amakhulupirira kuti nsomba zomwe zimayambukiridwa ndi majeremusi osiyanasiyana, chifukwa chosasinthika pomwe mtembo umakonzedwa ndi kutentha kwambiri, ndizotalikirapo kuposa filimu ya ena oimira mitundu ya carp (mpaka theka la ola).

Mu 100 g nyama, 117 kcal, 75.4 g yamadzi, 19 g mapuloteni, 4.5 g wamafuta ndi 1.1 g wa phulusa.

M'chilimwe, nsomba zimatha kupereka matope, choncho musanaphike mumadzi m'madzi amchere mwina 1 ora.

Kodi nsomba yamawonekedwe akuwoneka bwanji?

Mphepo zazingwe zazing'onoting'ono zomwe zimakhala ndi mtundu wowoneka bwino zimadziwika ndi mtundu wa siliva wopepuka, zipsepu zakuda ndi maso agolide. Kulongosola uku ndikokwanira kuti kusokoneza wachinyamata wa Leuciscus ndi roach, yemwe ali ndi msana wakuda ndi utoto wonyezimira, pakamwa pang'ono, mawonekedwe ofiira komanso nthenga zam'mimba.

Maganizo a anthu achikulire ali ndi zizindikiro zina zakunja:

• thupi lakuda lomwe limatchulika ngati mgunda wamiyala yamtengo wapatali wa azitona,
• Mimba yoyera chipale chofewa ndipo keel yowoneka bwino,
• utoto wonyezimira wa chifuwa, mchira ndi m'mimba,
• pakamwa patali, osafikira pamzere wamaso akulu komanso wamtundu wachikasu wachikasu ndi mwana wamkulu,
• mutu wofupikitsidwa, kumbuyo kwake kuli zophimba zazikulu za gill,
• mbali zamkuwa zagolide
• mulingo wapakatikati, woyenerera mwamphamvu wa mtundu wa cycloid.

Kutengera mawonekedwe a malo, mawonekedwe amtundu wa thupi amatha kukhala osiyana, koma nthawi yomweyo, mawonekedwe amtundu wowongolera kuchokera mbali yakuda mpaka kutsika kwambiri amakhala.

Chiyambidwe cha mafotokozedwe ndi mafotokozedwe

Nsomba zakale kwambiri - pikaya, adakhala padziko lapansi pafupifupi zaka 530 miliyoni BC. Anali ochepa - 4-5 cm, ndipo amatha kusambira - pikaya adachita izi pomenya thupi. Nthenga za mikanda, zomwe malingaliro ndi ake, zidawonekera pafupifupi zaka miliyoni miliyoni pambuyo pake - woimira wamkulu wakale wa gulu lino - Andreolepis hedei.

Chifukwa chake, nsomba zokhala ndi ray ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zakale zokonzedwa bwino kwambiri padziko lapansi. Zachidziwikire, chifukwa cha zolakwika zonse zam'mbuyomu, asintha kwambiri, ndipo mitundu yamakono idachitika patapita nthawi - bony yoyamba idawoneka pafupi zaka 200 miliyoni zapitazo.

Kugwiritsa ntchito komanso kuwopsa

Fillet filter imachokera ku ma macro- ndi ma microelements, ma protein ochepa ogaya komanso polyunsaturated mafuta acids, omwe amalowetsedwa kwathunthu ndi thupi la munthu. Zakudya zam'mimba zomwe zimapanga gululi zimathandizira kugwira ntchito kwa minofu ndi mafupa, endocrine, mtima, kayendedwe kazinthu.

Ntchito zofunikira za oimira cyprinids zimatengera chilengedwe komanso malo okhala momwe zimapezekera komanso chakudya.

Malinga ndi WHO, kumwa nsomba pafupipafupi, kawiri pa sabata, mwayi wokhala ndi atherosulinosis, kugunda kwa mtima, ndi zotupa zoyipa umachepetsedwa. Othandizira zakudya amaloledwa kuphatikiza malonda munjira yophika pakudya kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda am'mimba, popeza amamugaya kwa maola awiri popanda kutsitsa matumbo, pomwe nyama yofanana imafunikira nthawi yochulukirapo ya 2.5.

Zothandiza pamalingaliro:

• imalimbitsa minofu yamafupa, makamaka mano, imalimbikitsa mapangidwe oyenera a mafupa, imalepheretsa kukula kwa mafupa,
• imapangitsa chimbudzi, chimakulitsa chisangalalo,
• amalepheretsa kuchepa kwa vitamini,
• Imachepetsa kusokonezeka kwamanjenje, imachepetsa kukwiya komanso kuchita ukali,
• Zimasintha magazi
• Amachepetsa cholesterol, amakweza mamvekedwe a mtima, amalepheretsa matenda a Parkinson.

Kuvulaza komwe kungakhalepo kwa lingaliroli kukufotokozedwa ndi kukhalapo kwa nsomba za mumtsinje m'malo ovuta. Zotsatira zake, nyama yanthete imamwa mankhwala ophera tizilombo, radionuclides, tinthu tokhala ndi zitsulo zolemera zochokera kuchosungira, imakhala yoopsa komanso yoopsa kudya. Kuphatikiza apo, mumchere komanso mawonekedwe owuma, amadziwikiratu anthu omwe ali ndi matenda oopsa komanso matenda a impso.

Maganizo ake ndi nsomba yam'madzi. Kumbukirani, ngakhale fupa laling'ono kwambiri, ndikamamwa, limatha kuvulaza matumbo, m'mimba, esophagus kapena pharynx. Chifukwa cha izi, sikulimbikitsidwa kuti mupereke kwa ana aang'ono.

Zina:

• Nthawi zambiri matupi awo sagwirizana
• sikuti mulibe ma omega-3 acid othandiza,
• zofunkha mwachangu
• imakhala pachiwopsezo chotenga matenda a nyongolotsi (mukamadya nyama yomwe ili ndi kachilombo).

Nsomba zam'madzi oyera sizothandiza kwenikweni kwa thupi kuposa nsomba zam'nyanja. Kuphatikiza apo, akatswiri azakudya amaumirira kufunikira kopatula malingaliro osuta mu zakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku. Mukakonza, choterocho chimadziunjikira nyama munyama, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti khansa ipangidwe.

Malingaliro ndi chub - kusiyana kunja

Vuto lodziwitsa nyama zogwirizana chifukwa cha kufananaku limadziwika kwa okhawo osazindikira. Anthu odziwa popanda zovuta zilizonse amazindikira komwe nsomba ili, kungoyang'ana zizindikiro zakunja zochepa. Sizimaganizira zoyambira zapamwamba zautoto, zomwe zimatha kufanana mumtsinje umodzi kapena nyanja.

Ngati simukudziwa kusiyanitsa lingaliro kuchokera kwa chub, gwiritsani ntchito zofananira patebulopo.

Kuti muzindikire mtundu wamtundu winawake, ndikokwanira kukumbukira zizindikiritso zitatu zoyambirira. Ngakhale chiwonetserochi chikufanana ndi buluzi, chidziwitso chake chimadziwika mosavuta ndi kamwa lake lalikulu, mutu wolunjika kutsogolo ndi zipsepete zamaso.

Kanema: Yaz

Poyamba anali ochepa kukula, kusinthika kwawo kunapitilira pang'onopang'ono mpaka kuchuluka kwa nthawi ya Cretaceous, pomwe mitundu yambiri yazamoyo zazikulu kwambiri idazimiririka kumaso kwa Dziko lapansi. Chifukwa cha izi, mphuno zambiri zidamasulidwa, zomwe zotsalira za ray zinayamba kukhalamo: monga zolengedwa zomwe zimayamwa padziko lapansi, zimakhala m'madzi. Kutha kwawagweranso, gawo lina lamtunduwu lasowa - mwachitsanzo, nsomba zamadzi zosapezekazi zatha pafupifupi onse.

Komabe, malinga ndi kafukufuku wa ichthyolites - tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta mano ndi tinthu tokhala ngati nsomba, ngati asodzi amalamulira nyanja kumapeto kwa nthawi ya Cretaceous, pambuyo pa ngozi, ulamuliro pang'onopang'ono unayamba kusintha, kuchuluka kwa mitundu ndi kukula kwa nsomba izi kunayamba kuchuluka.

Kenako, zokhala ngati carp zidayamba ndipo pang'ono pang'ono pang'ono idayamba kufalikira kumayiko osiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, adafika ku Africa pafupifupi 20 miliyoni miliyoni zapitazo. Ma ideswo akatuluka sanakhazikitsidwe ndendende, mwina zinachitika zaka mamiliyoni angapo zapitazo. Malongosoledwe asayansi amtunduwu adapangidwa ndi Karl Linney mu 1758, poyambirira adatinso amatchedwa cyprinids ndipo adatchedwa Cyprinus idbarus.Koma kenako zidapezeka kuti malingaliro ndi a mtundu wa Elts kapena, mu Latin, Leuciscus. Zotsatira zake, dzina lamakono la asayansi la mitunduyi lidapezeka - Leuciscus idus.

Malingaliro - malo okhala

Mitunduyi imakhala pafupifupi Europe yonse, kupatula madera akummwera kwambiri ndi kumwera chakum'mawa. Ku Russia, nsomba zimakhala m'chigawo chapakati, ku Urals, Siberia ngakhale ku Republic of Sokh. Tekisi imadziwika ndi kusasunthika kokwanira kwamagetsi poyambira kulekerera kwamadzi kwakanthawi kokhala ndi mpweya wochepa komanso kuzizira kwambiri kapena mitsinje yotayirira yomwe imadziwika ndi mitsinje ndi nyanja. Anthu ambiri amakhala m'mitsinje ya Azov, Baltic, Caspian ndi Black Sea (kupatula ku Crimea).

Ngakhale kuti madziwo ndi abwino, nsomba zimasambira bwino pang'ono ndi mchere wamchere, chifukwa chake nthawi zambiri zimapezeka m'malo am'mphepete mwa nyanja komanso ma bays. Munthawi zachilengedwe, imakonda malo osungirako akuya kwambiri osayenda pang'ono komanso pansi kapena molimba (pansi mitsinje, nyanja, malo osungira, dziwe lalikulu). Malo ophera nsomba odziwika bwino kwambiri mumphepete mwa mizinda ya Volga, Lena, Kuban, Ob, Urals. Komanso, nyamazo zinayambitsidwa ku USA, komwe zimayenda bwino kum'mwera chakum'mawa, makamaka ku Connecticut.

"Kutsuka kwa malingaliro"

• shuga - 100 g
• mchere - 200 g
• mitembo ya nsomba - 4 ma PC.,
• allpice, coriander.

1. Muzimutsuka nsomba, kudula mchira ndi mutu, kumeta matumbo, chotsani zotupa, pukuta ndi nsalu yopukutira. Ngati mukufuna, mungathe kuwonjezera nthiti, msana.
2. Finyani nsomba fillet ndi zonunkhira, shuga ndi mchere.
3. Ikani mitembo pansi pa kuponderezedwa, chokani pamalo abwino kwa masiku awiri.

Nsomba zokonzeka ngati nsomba. Itha kudyedwa yaiwisi kapena kusuta.

Kumbukirani kusamalira kwambiri mukamatsuka nsomba. Mapeto atachotsedwa, mitemboyo imasamba m'manja mokwanira, ndikudula bolodi ndi mpeni ndi madzi otentha. Kupanda kutero, mwayi wokhala ndi matenda opezeka ndi mphutsi ukuwonjezeka.

Zochitika Pazinthu Zamakhalidwe ndi Zathanzi

Lingaliro limakhalabe ndi zinthu zachilengedwe chaka chonse, osagwera. Ndi nthawi yokhawo yotchulidwa kuti "nthawi yakufa" yokhala ndi chisanu cholimba cha mwezi wa February, nyengo yamkuntho ndi ayezi wakuda ndizo zimayambitsa makanema oimitsa pakanthawi kochepa mumayenje akuya aulere. "Bwenzi" lokhazikika mumakolo omwe akukakamizidwa ndiyosangalatsidwa kwina - nyengo, momwe moyo umayenda pang'onopang'ono pazinthu zofananira zakunja.

Mphedwe zazing'ono zimasungidwa pagulu lalikulu pafupi ndi gombe. Madera okhala ndi zomera zam'madzi zowirira, malo ovuta omwe amakhala ndi malo okhala, ndipo snag amasankhidwa ngati malo osatha. Anthu akulu amakhala osamala kwambiri, amawopa phokoso, ngati malo otetezedwa osachepera pang'ono komanso ozama kwambiri. Nthawi yomweyo, makoma opangidwa ndi mabango ndi "mawindo" pakati pa maluwa amadzi amaletsedwa, kupewa kukumana ndi pike yayikulu.

Ndizosangalatsa kwa asodzi a novice kuti adziwe ngati ali olanda kapena asatole nyambo yoti agwire. Mwa ma cyprinids amtendere, mawonekedwe apadera a "khwangwala oyera" wokongola amakhala ndi katsitsi, kamene mu mawonekedwe am'mimba amakonda kwambiri mwachangu komanso ana aakazi amchaka chake ndi mitundu ina. Popita kusaka, nsomba yothamangira imagwira nyama yochepa, imayiyendetsa ndikumenya ndipo imameza nthawi yomweyo chifukwa cha kamwa yake yayikulu.

Lingaliro ndilakudya chamunthu aliyense wokhala ndi njira yotsatsira, yomwe, kutengera nyengo ndi mawonekedwe a chakudya, ikhoza kukhala ngati benthophage kapena planktonophage, kudya kuchokera pansi kapena pansi, motsatana.

Zakudya zazikulu zimaphatikizapo:

• zooplankton, rotifers, daphnia, brine shrimp (ali pachiwonetsero chazachichepere),
• crustaceans, mollusks, leeches, tadpoles,
• mbewu monga chimanga ndi nyemba, chimanga, mphukira zazing'ono (m'madzi ofunda),
• nyongolotsi, mphutsi zamwazi, mphutsi za chironomids, ntchentche ndi ntchentche zamakhadi,
• ntchentche, nsikidzi, ziwala, hymenoptera ndi tizilombo tina tomwe timagwera m'madzi.

Ndi kutalika kwa 15 cm masentimita, zizolowezi zadyera pang'ono zimayamba kuonekera. Chomwe chimasakidwa ndi gudgeon yaying'ono, magazi owuma, roach, crucian carp. Chifukwa cha chakudya chopatsa mphamvu choterocho, nsomba imasungidwa ku chiwonetsero chazinthu zofunikira kwambiri zomwe zimayimiriridwa ndi oyimira zitsamba a ichthyofauna - malingaliro osatha akumva njala komwe kumayambira posaka mozungulira nthawi ndi nthawi.

"Kubzala lingaliro"

Zosakaniza:

• mandimu - 30 ml,
• anyezi - 2 ma PC.,
• nyama yanyama - 4 ma PC.,
• mandimu - 0,5 ma PC
• tsabola wofiyira ndi wakuda, mchere,
• kirimu wowawasa,
• mafuta a masamba.

1. Sulutsani nsomba, dulani zipsepse, sambani.
2. Kuti athetse kununkhira kwamatope, malingaliro amayenera kuyikidwa mu yankho losalimba la mchere kwa maola awiri.
3. Peel ndi kuwaza anyezi, kusakaniza ndi zonunkhira, mandimu. Zotsatira zosakaniza kudzaza mtembo kuchokera mkatimo.
4. Pangani kusintha kwakunja kunja kwa thupi. Ikani mphete za mandimu. Pakani chipolopolo cha mchere ndi mchere komanso tsabola.
5. Thirani mafuta pamasamba ophika kuphika, ikani mphete za anyezi pamtunda, ikani mitembo, chikhoto ndi kirimu wowawasa. Phimbani ndi mawonekedwe ndi zojambulazo, ikani uvuni wofufuma kwa 1 ora, ndikukhala ndi kutentha kwa madigiri a 180. Mphindi 15 nsomba isanaphike, chotsani pepalalo "chitsulo".

Zakudya za idea ndizodziwika kwambiri pakati pa ma gourmets padziko lonse lapansi, chifukwa zimaphatikizidwa ndi zinthu zambiri. Zina mwa izi ndi anyezi, mbatata, phwetekere, chilantro, mbewa, sipinachi, kirimu wowawasa, tchizi, mkaka, bowa wa porcini, bowa wa oyisit, champignons, zouma, nkhanu, zest.

Zonunkhira zogwirizana ndi nsomba: sesame, thyme, nutmeg, tsabola, viniga, coriander. Pofuna kutsindika kukoma kwa lingaliro, moŵa, vinyo woyera, ufa wa tirigu, macemel, mafuta a azitona amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Tumikirani ndi msuzi wowawasa.

Magulu azikhalidwe

Woyang'anira, "wamba" wanthawi zonse ndi Leuciscus idus. Ndiamene amakhala m'malo onse abwino osankha momwe nsomba zimawonekera. Palinso mitundu ina yapadera yomwe idayamba mothandizidwa ndi anthu kapena nyengo, malo:

• Orffa, kapena lingaliro la golide (Leuciscus idus var. Orfus) ndi mtundu wopangidwa mwaluso kwambiri pochotsa nsomba m'madziwe komanso kukonza kukongoletsa m'madziwe. Ili ndi dorsal fin ndi kuchuluka kwa ma ray - 10-12 motsutsana ndi muyezo 8-9. Mu nyengo yozizira, yosagwira ntchito. Masamba mu maenje pamodzi ndi carp ndi carp. Amasiyana mu mtundu wamtundu wagolide kapena wofiyira, nthawi zambiri wokhala ndi ma pinki kapena ofiira. Imakula mpaka 50cm kutalika ndi kulemera kwa 1.5-2 kg.
• Turkestan (Leuciscus idus oxianus) ndi timabuku tating'onoting'ono timene timakhala m'chigawo cha Aral Sea. Amapezeka pakati ndikufika kumapeto kwa Amu Darya ndi Syr Darya. Kutalika kwa thupi sikupitirira 25-30 masentimita ndi kulemera kwa magalamu 700-900. Ili ndi miyeso yaying'ono - zidutswa 52-55 pamzere wotsatira. Mtundu waukulu umafanana ndi taxon yoyambira.

Usodzi wachisanu

Mu nthawi yozizira, ide ides mu maenje, moyandikana ndi bream ndi nsomba. Ndikusintha kwa nyengo, imayenderera pakamwa pa mitsinje. Munthawi imeneyi, imatha kugwidwa ndi nyambo ya perch, ndipo ngakhale ikumayenda mozama mpaka 0,5 m pamene ikuchepera. Lingaliro limapewa kuthamanga posankha malo omwe alibe mphamvu yokhala ndi pansi lamchenga wopanda kanthu komanso lozama pang'ono. Imatha kukhala pafupi ndi milu yamajumba osiyanasiyana ama hydraulic kapena pakati pa mabatani osefukira m'magulu ang'onoang'ono, imagwidwa limodzi ndi nsomba zina. Zoyesa zazikulu zimakhala zokhazokha pamtunda wamchenga pafupi ndi zida zokumba zoyera.

Nthawi zambiri lingaliro la nthawi yozizira limaluma pa ma pike gear, limagwidwa pamene boti lachepa, ndikugwira nyambo ndi nyambo yamoyo. Imayendetsa usiku wamadzulo ndi ayezi wosungunuka. Ndi munthawi imeneyi pomwe amayamba kudya ndipo mumatha kugwira anthu okhazikika olemera 500 g.

Kuti muthandize kuwedza m'nyengo yozizira, ndikofunikira kuti mupange kampu ya IDE pasadakhale. Kuti muchite izi, driftwood, yozunguliridwa ndi miyala, imasefukira pamalo oyenera 3 m mozama. Kuthandizira popanga pansi pansanja kumakopa chidwi cha nsomba iliyonse.

Kuluma mwachangu kumawonedwa m'mawa, koma lingaliro limagwidwa usiku mpaka mbandakucha. M'nyengo yozizira, ndodo ya usodzi imagwiritsidwa ntchito, pomwe zakudya za zomerazi (pea puree) zophatikiza mapuloteni, mphutsi, mphutsi zamwazi, njenjete za burdock, mtanda wokoma wokoma wokhala ndi kachilomboka. M'mitsinje yayikulu, ma id amagwidwa nsomba zazing'ono: Verkhovka, rudd, mwachangu crucian carp, ndi mpiru. Amaluma motsimikiza, motero amakhudzidwa pakapita nthawi yayitali.

Zothandiza pakugwiritsa ntchito malingaliro

Nsomba zam'madzi oyera, oimira ma cyprinid, omwe amaphatikizapo carp, bream, tench, roach, crucian carp, carp, asp, ide ndi siliva carp, adadziwika kuti ndi gwero lamapuloteni apamwamba komanso mavitamini.

Nyama ya ide ili ndi 117 kcal., Mapuloteni a Bagato, potaziyamu, phosphorous, amakhalanso calcium, magnesium, sodium, chlorine, iron, fluorine, chromium, molybdenum, nickel, komanso Vitamini PP, ndi zina zambiri.

Malingaliro ndiosavuta kwambiri ndipo amapezeka mwachangu. Yophika kapena yophika, ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pakudya chamagulu. Nsomba ndizothandiza makamaka matenda a mtima, komanso gastritis ndi zilonda zam'mimbazi.

Imodzi mwazofunikira zamalingaliro - mapuloteni okhala ndi gawo lapadera la ma amino acid. Zofunika kwambiri mwa izo ndi tryptophan, lysine, methionine ndi taurine.

Nyama yamalingaliro ili ndi michere yofunika kwambiri: calcium ndi phosphorous. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwake pafupipafupi kumateteza ku matenda a mafupa, kumalimbitsa mano ndi mafupa.

Msuzi wamchere wamchere ndi michere ndi zakudya zabwino kwambiri zothandizira kugaya chakudya. Zowonjezera msuzi zimawonjezera katulutsidwe ka madzi am'mimba ndi michere ya pancreatic. Chifukwa chake, makutu onse ndi asipic ndi othandiza kwa gastritis yotsika acidity.

Zowopsa zowopsa za ide

Mchere wamchere wouma ndi wowuma umapikisidwa kwa odwala oopsa komanso odwala kwambiri matenda a impso.

Nsomba yodziwika bwino, yomwe imameza mwangozi mafupa imatha kuwonongeka m'matumbo.

Ntchito zofunikira komanso zowopsa za malingaliro zimadalira kuyera kwa chosungira momwe idagwidwira.

Ndizo zabwino zambiri za Yayayaz zomwe zingagwire! Kanemayo akuwonetsa msodzi yemwe amakhala ndi mwayi amasangalala mozama ndi asodzi omwe agwidwa. Kanemayu wapeza zowonera zoposa 7 miliyoni pa YouTube lero, ndipo wolemba wake, Viktor Nikolayevich Goncharenko, wakhala nthano yapaintaneti.

Kufotokozera kwa nsomba nsomba

Lingaliro lingathe kuzindikiridwa ndi mawonekedwe ake: kutalika kwa munthu wamkulu kumafika 35-57 cm, ndipo kulemera kwa nsomba imodzi ndi 2-2.7 kg. Nthawi zina, malingaliro amodzi amatha kutalika mpaka 90cm komanso kulemera mpaka 6 kg. Mutu ndi waufupi, thupi ndi lolemera, kamwa ndi lopindika, laling'ono. Ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa kuti kutengera ndi malo okhalamo, nyengo ndi zaka, magawo amatha kusiyanasiyana pang'ono.

Chapakatikati, kumera kukayamba, thupi la ide limakhala ndi chitsulo chachitsulo, masaya ndi mutu zimawoneka wagolide. Mukatembenukira ku kuwala kwa dzuwa, mitunduyo imakhala yowala ndipo imakhala golide, siliva kapena mtundu wakuda. Mtundu wakumbuyo kwanu ndi wabuluu wakuda, mbali zake ndi zoyera, ndipo m'mimba ndimayala a siliva. Zipsepse zomwe zimakhala mchira ndi kumbuyo kwake, ndipo zipsemba zam'munsi ndi zam'mbali zimakhala zofiira. Maso ndi obiriwira achikasu komanso malo amdima pamwamba.

Mwachangu, kamvekedwe kake ndi kosalala komanso kachulukidwe, zipsepazo ndizopepuka poyerekeza ndi nsomba zokulirapo.

Paukwati, mbewu zazing'ono zoyera zimawoneka pamutu ndi thupi laimphongo, zomwe zimasowa pambuyo pobala. Mbewu zochulukirazi zimachulukirachulukira, zimakhala zamphongo zazimuna, ndipo zimasiyana pakazinthu izi.

Moyo

Ides nthawi zonse amasaka m'magulu, m'magulu a mibadwo, omwe amakhala mumtsinjewo, okulirapo kuchuluka kwawo. Nsomba zikuluzikulu zimakonda kukhala zokha, zimangokhala m'magulu a miyezi yozizira, komanso nthawi yotulutsa. Ides amalekerera mchere wamadzi mpaka magalamu 10 pa lita, kuti athe kupezeka m'mitsinje osati nyanja zamchere kwambiri.

Ku Russia, asodzi amateurs komanso asodzi amakonda kugwira nsomba zazikulu, malinga ndi malingaliro, kutalika kwa nsomba yabwino sikupitirira masentimita 29, ngati nsomba yaying'ono yomwe yagwidwa pa mbeza, imaperekedwa nthawi yomweyo mumtsinje.

Colinga chimatha kukhala ndi moyo zaka 10, kapena 15. Ngati amakhala m'malo osavomerezeka ndi anthu komwe kuli mwayi wodya zakudya zabwino, ndiye kuti nsomba imakhala mpaka zaka 20.

Malo ogawa

Lingaliro ndilofala ku Europe konse, kupatula kumwera ndi kumwera chakum'mawa kwa Europe. Komanso, nsomba zamtunduwu zimatha kupezeka ku Siberia ndi Yakutia. Imakhala m'mitsinje ya m'mbali mwa Nyanja Yakuda, kuyambira ku Danube ndikutha ndi Kuban (sichili ku Crimea), ku North Caspian mumtsinje wa Volga, Emba ndi Ural. Komanso, malingaliro amabweretsedwa ku North America, komwe anali odziwa bwino ntchito ku United States ndi ku Connecticut.

Ecology ndi malo okhala

Maganizo ake ndi nsomba zamchere, koma amakhalanso m'madzi amchere amchere. Nsomba zotere zimakhalamo:

Takanika kupeza malingaliro m'mitsinje yozizira, yachangu komanso yamapiri. Imakonda mitsinje yakuya ndi kuyenda pang'onopang'ono, yopyapyala ndi dongo. Imakhala pafupi ndi milatho, kamvuluvulu, maenje pansi pamiyala, komanso kufupi ndi gombe, komwe tchire lalitali limamera. Malinga ndi Sabaneyev (katswiri wa nsomba), ide ndi nsomba yokongola kwambiri yomwe imatha kuvomereza kusintha kwa kutentha. Izi nsomba sizigwera hibernation.

Kodi malingaliro amadya chiyani zachilengedwe?

Maganizo ndi nsomba yotere yomwe imadyedwa ndi aliyense, itha kukhala chakudya chokha komanso chosakhala chomera. Amakonda ngakhale nsomba zazing'ono, nsomba zazinkhanira ndi achule. Nsomba zodya nyama, monga ide, zimatha kudya kamodzi patsiku poyerekeza ndi nsomba zomwe zimadya, zomwe zimatha kukhala ndi njala kwa nthawi yayitali. Koma ngati mumayerekezera nyama zomwe zimadyera theka ndi nsomba zomwe zimadya masamba okha, muyenera kudya kawiri pa tsiku, pali zakudya zokhazokha zokwanira kamodzi.

Mtengo waukulu kwambiri kwa anthu okhala mumtsinje ndi chakudya, zimatengera mpweya, kusungunuka kwa ayezi kumapeto kwa dzinja, kutsegulidwa kwa maloko. Zomwe zilimkukula, chakudya chambiri chimabwera kwa nsomba, zomwe zimakwanira onse okhala kunyanja ndi mitsinje.

Nthawi imeneyi, ma id amakhala pamtsinje wamadzi, chifukwa chakudya chachikulu chimapezeka m'malo ano. Ma Iders am'madzi samadalira madzi osefukira, koma mvula ndiyofunika kuti ikhale ndi moyo, sikuti imangodzaza nyanjayo ndi madzi oyera, komanso chakudya. Ma idu onse, mosasamala kanthu komwe amakhala, amadya osaya, koma achite izi masana, nthawi zina amatha kusaka usiku.

Kubalaza ide

Kutha kwa amuna kumachitika zaka 2, pomwe kukula kwawo kukufika 25 cm, ndi kulemera kwa magalamu 250. Kumpoto, kutha msambo kumachitika zaka 1-2 pambuyo pake. Kutulutsa kumachitika pachimake mwachangu kuposa zonse, madzi oundana akangosungunuka komanso kutentha kwamadzi mpaka madigiri 7.

Pakadali pano, okhalamo amagawika m'magulu ena, omwe ali ndi nsomba zofanana. Kenako amafika pamwamba pamadzi ndikuyang'ana malo abwino oti matching. Ngati ma id amakhala m'mitsinje yayikulu, ndiye akamatulutsa timasambira m'madzi osaya ndikuyamba kusambira kumiyala, kuya kwake sikukula kupitirira 50 cm, masamba a chaka chatha azigwiritsa ntchito ngati gawo lawo.

Panthawi yotambasulira, anyani amalumphira pansi ndikusambira pamenepo. Imafulumira kwa ma identi ndipo imakhala mpaka masiku atatu, koma imachitika mu gawo limodzi: choyamba anthu okalamba amapita, ndipo achichepere amapita. Mapeto a kufalikira, anthu okhala mumtsinjewo amabwerera kumalo awo akale.

Pakutulutsa kamodzi, mkazi m'modzi amatha kuikira mazira 40 mpaka 150,000.

Pakatha sabata, mphutsi zimawoneka kuti mkati mwa masiku atatu zimapachika popanda kusuntha, kumamatira kumiyala kapena zamasamba mothandizidwa ndi zomatira zomwe zimapangidwa ndi tinthu timene timapanga simenti. Pambuyo pake, amachoka, amasambira ndikudya okha, ndikuphunzira kuti azikhala okha. Masiku atatu amakhala m'malo amodzi, kenako amasambira kumadera otetezeka.

Ides yomwe imakhala munyanjayi posachedwa kusamukira kumadera oyandikira kapena m'madzi osaya, kumene mabango amaphimbidwa. Pamapeto pofalikira, zimapendekera, ndipo patatha masiku atatu zimatuluka ndikudya mwachangu, ndikupeza ma calorie omwe atayika.

Usodzi wabwino

Asodzi azamasewera ndi amateur amawonetsa chidwi chochulukitsa malingaliro, chifukwa nsomba iyi ndi yayikulu kukula ndi zinthu zambiri zothandiza. Mutha kugwira nsomba zamtunduwu chaka chonse.Nyama ya nsomba iyi ndi yokoma kwambiri komanso yathanzi, ilinso ndi mavitamini ndi michere yonse, komanso mapuloteni ofunikira kuti thupi lonse lizichita bwino.

Njira zophera nsomba

Cholinga chimagwidwa ndimiyala yosiyanasiyana yosodza, choti ndigwire malingaliro ndi zomwe, munthu amasankha yekha. Zimatengera nthawi yomwe usodzi umachitika.

Kwa ma id a nsomba ndodo zonse ndizoyenera, zotsatirazi ndizothandiza kwambiri:

• ntchentche
• ndodo yophera
• Magiya a Bologna
• ndodo
• donka
• wodyetsa,
• ndodo ya nyambo,
• kuuluka magiya zida
• bomba
• kupota,

M'nyengo yozizira, kulimbana kwapadera ndikofunikira kuti mugwire owopsa osokoneza bongo:

• gwedeza,
• ndodo yosodzi yokhala ndi choyandama, yomwe imayenera kumangokhala pansi pa madzi nthawi zonse, kuti kuyandama kusasanduke ayezi.

Ndizosatheka kunena kuti nthawi yanji ikatsegulidwa kuti ndigwire nsomba ngati ide, chifukwa imatha kugwidwa nthawi iliyonse. Sangaluma kokha mu chisanu chambiri, koma ndikumawotha pang'ono, nthawi yomweyo amayamba kusangalatsa msodziyo ndikuluma.

Ntchito yodyetsa kwambiri imawonetsedwa patatha masiku 5 mutatha kutha kwa nthawi yochepa komanso nthawi yozizira ikayamba. Koma m'dzinja, zhor ndizofowoka pang'ono kuposa kumapeto kwa kumera, koma zimatha milungu itatu.

Zophatikiza ndi zida

M'kamwa mwa nsomba zamtunduwu ndizochepa, chifukwa chake, nyambo ziyenera kukhala zazing'ono kuchokera pa 0 mpaka 2, ndipo kutalika kwa sipinecha sikudutsa masentimita 4. Ponena za mbedza, kukula kwawo kuyenera kupitirira 5. Maganizo ndi nsomba zamanyazi komanso osamala, choncho muyenera kuwedza muku chete , komanso makamaka yosenda. Chingwe chowoneka bwino chokhala ndi mainchesi 0,22 mm ndikuthambalala kwa 0,18 mm ndikoyenera kuthana nawo.

Ngati kuwedza kwachitika pogwiritsa ntchito tiwoti, nyambo imagwiritsa ntchito izi:

• chiwala,
• makasitomala,
• chimfine,
• mphutsi
• chinjoka,
• chimbalangondo
• Chafer,
• kachilomboka
• mbewa,
• mphukira za bango
• mwachangu,
• omasulira
• mormyshka ndi chidutswa cha nsomba,
• nandolo,
• mtanda,
• semolina
• mphutsi zazomera
• nyongolotsi
• magazi.

Malangizo opangira mbewu atha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kukopa ide: nandolo zouma zamzitini, chimanga, semolina, mkate, ndi zina zambiri.

Kuti mupeze ma id, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito nyambo yosavuta, koma nthawi zonse ndi fungo:

• vanila
• mafuta a mpendadzuwa
• nthambi za birch.

Nyambo yotereyi imatha kupangidwa kunyumba kuchokera mkate ndi kuwonjezera kwa dongo. Ukuluma ndikulimba mtima komanso nthawi yomweyo mwachangu, motero asodzi akuyenera kukhala pa mbeza nthawi zonse. Kusodza pogwiritsa ntchito sapota sikunathandize kwenikweni.

Ndi masamba, algae - mabulosi, amalimbikitsidwa bwino, makamaka akapanikizika chifukwa cha waya. Kuyambira mwezi wa Meyi, nyambo iyi imagwira ntchito kwambiri kusodzi, osati lingaliro lokha, komanso:

Mphukira zosaposa 10 masentimita ndizoyenera nyambo, chingwe cholumikizira chala chimakulungidwa mozungulira mbeza ndi kumangirizidwa, ndikusiyitsa chingwe chaching'ono kuti chichete.

Zomera zotere zimatha kupezeka pamiyala yakuya masentimita 30, komanso kumiyala ndi nyumba zopangira simenti (milatho, ma moorings, slipways).

Pazigawo zama pansi gwiritsani ntchito nyambo kuchokera ku nsomba zazing'ono: nsomba, bulashi, gudgeon ndi zazing'ono zazing'ono. Maganizo ake ndi nsomba yokongoletsa, imadutsa chakudya, sikana kachilomboka (mphutsi) ndi kachilomboka.

Mu kanema pansipa, asodziwo amagwiritsa ntchito njira yosakira yopanga tokha ndikukuuza momwe angawerengere, malo ndi malo:

Lingaliro limawoneka ngati laulesi komanso losayenda pang'onopang'ono, koma mwaufulu limakhala ndi kukana kwamphamvu kuposa nsomba zina zambiri. Malingaliro atangogwera pa mbewa, imayamba kupindika m'njira zonse, kusinja, kudumphira m'madzi. Nthawi zambiri, zimachoka kuti amuchotsere ukapolo podula chingwe chodziwedza ndi mtengo wake wakuthwa.

Kodi ides imayamwa bwanji ndikukula?

Lingaliro ndi nsomba yotchuka kwambiri posamalira mudziwe, malingaliro agolide amasungidwa bwino pamadzi, osaka tizilombo. Padziwe lalikulu, nsomba zimatha kutalika masentimita 50, mwachangu amadya zonsezo komanso chakudya chamoyo.

Ngati pali dziwe lokwanira dziwe, ndiye kuti kuswana ma id ndi kosavuta komanso kothandiza. M'chaka chachitatu cha moyo, malingaliro a dziwe amatha kulemera magalamu 500. Kulera sikufuna zida zapadera, ndipo kumadalira zomwe carp imakana.

Mtengo wa nsomba

Lingaliro limakhala ndi machitidwe abwino a nyama, chifukwa chotchuka kwambiri pakuphika. Pali njira imodzi yokha - iyi ndi bony yambiri, yomwe imathetsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira zingapo:

1. Kutola nsomba kwanthawi yayitali mu njira yacetic masana.
2. Nyama imadutsidwa ndi chopukusira nyama, ndipo amazidula kapena kumata ndi nyama.
3. Kupanga zamzitini mu mafuta a masamba, motere, nsomba zimapatsidwa mankhwala kwa nthawi yayitali mpaka mafupa atapendekeka kwathunthu.

Nyama ya ide imayera kuti ipake chikaso chake. Zakudya zosiyanasiyana zimakonzedwa kuchokera ku lingaliro, zitha kukhala:

• zimitsa
• kuphika
• mwachangu,
• kuphika,
• mafuta
• marita,
• youma,
• kufooka
• kumalongeza
• pangani zinthuzo

Lingaliroli silingasungidwe kwa nthawi yayitali ngati silinakonzedwe, chifukwa nyamayi imasokonekera msanga, ndipo kakomedwe kake kakuipiraipira. Mukasodza, ndikofunikira kuti muzitsuka nthawi yomweyo ndikutsuka nsomba. Nyama yaiwisi ikhoza kusungidwa mufiriji osapitilira tsiku.

Mtengo wa zopatsa thanzi pa magalamu 100 aliwonse akuwonetsedwa pagome.

Nyama ya nsomba imakhala ndi mavitamini ambiri, michere ndi micro yambiri, mapuloteni, mafuta acids ofunikira kwa anthu. Ma amino acid ali ndi ma amino acid otsatirawa:

Lingaliro ili ndi zoperewera zopatsa mphamvu, kotero ngakhale akatswiri azakudya amayamikira nyama ndikuphatikiza zakudya zambiri pamenyu. Kuphatikiza apo, pali zinthu zina zofunika:

• Kukhalapo kwa fluorine wambiri ndi calcium, komwe kumalimbitsa mafupa, tsitsi, mano komanso kupewa mavuto a musculoskeletal system.
• Zomera zakunja zimakhala ndi katundu wa choleretic, motero zimathandizira kugaya chakudya, zimathandizira kudya komanso kupewa mavuto am'mimba.
• Mavitamini ambiri amalimbitsa ziwalo zamunthu komanso chitetezo cha mthupi.
• Popeza nyama ili ndi vitamini B wambiri, kudya pafupipafupi kumachepetsa nkhawa, kukwiya komanso kuchuluka.
• Mitsempha imachepetsa kufalikira kwa magazi, kuchepa kwa cholesterol, kukulitsa kamvekedwe ka mtima ndipo ndi kupewa matenda a Parkinson.

Zowopsa za nsomba

Pali zoopsa ziwiri - mafupa ang'onoang'ono ambiri omwe munthu amatha kuwabowola komanso majeremusi omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala pachilonda, ndikofunikira kutenthetsa nsomba musanaphike.

Lingaliro ndi nsomba yolimba ndipo imatha kukhala nthawi yayitali m'matupi amadzi oyipitsidwa ndi mafakitale, momwe zitsulo zolemera, mankhwala ophera tizilombo, herbicides ndi zinyalala zosiyanasiyana zilipo. Pankhaniyi, musanayambe kuwedza, muyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti nsomba ndizotetezedwa.

Kodi ndingasokoneze ndani?

Maganizo amatha kusokonezeka ndi mitundu ina ya nsomba, chifukwa imawoneka ngati:

• chub, komwe kumasiyana kokha ndi kuwala pang'ono, mutu wopyapyala, thupi lokwera ndi mamba ang'ono,
• roach, pomwe amasiyana ndi maso ndi masikelo ang'ono, ndipo kumbuyo kwa roach kumakhala kopepuka kuposa malingaliro.

Malingaliro - nsomba imagwirizana ndi kusintha kwa kutentha, mutha kuyigwira chaka chonse. Nyama ili ndi zinthu zingapo zopindulitsa thupi. Mutha kugwira lingaliro la nyambo zochuluka, pafupifupi ndodo iliyonse, asodzi ambiri amakonda kuwedza, kusaka zilonda. Ndipo kukoma kwa nyama kumangokhala bwino, kumaphikidwe m'misika yambiri komanso m'malesitilanti.

Kodi malingaliro amakhala kuti?

Chithunzi: Lingaliro ku Russia

Ndizofala kwambiri - pafupifupi ku Europe konse, kupatula kumwera kwake (mayiko a m'mphepete mwa nyanja ya Mediterranean), komanso ku Siberia mpaka Yakutia. Adayambitsidwanso ku United States, ku Connecticut. Kuchuluka kwa ma Ides aku America kukukula mwachangu, ndiye chifukwa chake kukhazikika kwawo kumitsinje ya kontinenti.

Chifukwa chake, malingaliro amakhala mumtsinje wa mitsinje monga:

Makamaka ambiri a iwo ku Volga ndi amilandu ake, ndi mitsinje ina ya ku Russia ndi nsomba zambiri. Amakhalanso m'madziwe komanso nyanja zoyenda. Sakonda mitsinje yozizira, komanso yothamanga, koma nthawi zambiri pamakhala ambiri m'zipululu zosasangalatsa, makamaka ngati ali ndi dongo, lopindika pansi.

Kuphatikiza pa madzi abwino, amathanso kukhala m'madzi opanda kanthu, chifukwa chake amapezeka m'mphepete mwa nyanja pafupi ndi mitsinje. Ma ides amakonda kukhala pafupi ndi kamvuluvulu, pafupi ndi milatho, gombe lokhala ndi chitsamba chokutira madzi lilinso chizindikiro chotsimikizika choti mutha kugwira ma id pano. Nsomba zimakonda kusambira pansi pa tchire, chifukwa tizilombo tomwe timadyetsa timatha kuwonongeka.

Bzalani, nyanja zoyenda ndi malo ena okhala ndi madzi opanda phokoso momwe mungathere, makamaka mwakuya - ndi pomwe ma id amapezeka nthawi zambiri. Amatha kukhala munthawi yozizira kwambiri ndipo amalekerera mosavuta kutentha kwambiri, samakhala osakhalitsa nthawi yozizira, ngakhale amakhala osagwira kwambiri.

Kodi malingaliro amadya chiyani?

Chithunzi: nsomba zam'tsinje mumtsinje

Zakudya za ide ndizochulukirapo, zimaphatikizapo:

• nyongolotsi
• mbozi ndi mphutsi,
• otchera
• caviar,
• nthenga ndi achule,
• osoweka
• nsomba
• nsomba zam'madzi.

Titha kunena kuti malingaliro amadya pafupifupi nyama zonse zazing'ono, kuyambira mphutsi mpaka caviar komanso mwachangu nsomba zina. Ma iders ndi owoneka bwino, makamaka kasupe atamera: nthawi ino, amakhala nthawi yayitali tsiku lonse akusaka chakudya, chomwe nthawi zambiri amakhala akusambira kupita kugombe komwe, komwe kuli zambiri zake.

Ngakhale kuti zolengedwa zamoyo ndizambiri m'malingaliro, zimadyetsanso mwala wamafuta-zimakonda kuchita izi zikaisungidwa nthawi yachisanu isanadye, kudya chakudya chamafuta. M'chilimwe, mumakhala chakudya chochuluka, ma id ku gombe amadya mphutsi za nyama zosiyanasiyana, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chiwerengero cha udzudzu ndi tizilombo tina zovulaza zichepe.

Ngati matenthedwe amatembenuka, nawonso amadya, ndipo ndibwino kusamalira nsomba zazing'ono, achule ang'ono ndi akhwangwala nthawi yosungunuka. Ma Ides amadya kwambiri nthawi yamaluwa, nthawi yomweyo pachimake pakayamba kusodza amayamba - amapenda modzipereka, ndikupeza malo abwino, mutha kugwira ma ides ambiri.

Chochititsa chidwi: Lingaliro limatha kudumpha zopinga zochepa, ndipo anthu akuluakulu amatha kudumphira m'madzi mpaka kutalika kwa mita imodzi ndi theka.

Mawonekedwe a machitidwe ndi moyo wawo

Maganizo ake ndi nsomba zanzeru, amadziwa momwe angagwiritsire ntchito nyengo yoyipa ndi zochita za anthu: pakagwa mvula ndi mphepo, komanso kuchoka mabwato, mafunde amadzuka, kutsuka mphutsi ndi zolengedwa zina kuchokera padziko lapansi pagombe, ndikupita nawo kumadzi. Ndipo pita apa!

Amathamangira kumtunda limodzi ndi funde, ndipo litayamba kulowa, amagwira nyama. Amakonda kudya ides yayikulu usiku, makamaka nthawi yamadzulo kapena, m'malo mwake, mbandakucha watsala pang'ono kubwera - iyi ndi wotchi yawo yomwe amawakonda. Achinyamata amafunafuna zakudya tsiku lonse - nthawi zambiri amakhala otakataka kuposa achikulire.

Zoyesazo ndizosamala ndikuyesera kuti zikhazikike m'malo omwe simungafikire ukonde - mwachitsanzo, m'maenje opanda pansi, pakati pama snags. Mokulirapo, lingaliro lake limachepera pomwepo - limangotaya dzenje lake - nthawi zambiri mvula ikagwa. Koma nsomba yaying'ono, yaying'ono, yomwe imasambira pafupi kwambiri, imatha kuwonekera mu udzu limodzi ndi roach, ndipo nyengoyo imakhudza pang'ono.

Maganizo amatha kudumphira m'madzi kuti agwire tizilombo. Koma zikagwera m'madzi, zimagwira nyama mosamala kwambiri, kotero kuti mabwalo amasiyana pang'ono, ngati nsomba ili yaying'ono kwambiri. Ngati malingaliro asaka mwakuya, thovu lakuwuka limapereka.

Sakonda dzuwa litayamba kutentha, kulowa pansi pamadzi, ngakhale nsomba zazing'ono zimabwera nthawi ndi nthawi kuti zidye, koma nthawi yomweyo zimakonda kuchita izi pafupi ndi gombe, pamthunzi wa mitengo kapena tchire - makamaka popeza zilipo zambiri pansi pawo. .

Ulamuliro wamasiku amenewo umakhazikitsidwa munthawi yotentha, ndipo amathera miyezi yozizirayi m'maenje pansi pa posungira. Koma mutha kugwira ma id ngakhale madzi oundana ali mumtsinje, kupatula miyezi ingapo - mu Januware ndi Febere samadya chilichonse, kuwononga ndalama, kuwapeza sikungathandize.

M'nyengo yozizira, nsomba zimayamba kuvutika ndi mpweya womwe umadziunjikira m'madzi, koma kumapeto kwake kumayamba kumva kuti kulibe madzi, chifukwa chomwe ides, monga nsomba zina, zimakumana ndikumwa. Chifukwa chake, ziyenera kufunidwa pazakukhudzana ndi mitsinje yaying'ono ndi mitsinje.

Kapangidwe ka anthu ndi kubereka

Chithunzi: Little ide

Ambiri amakhala m'magulu, akukhala gawo lina losungiramo - laling'ono, ndipo limangoyenda mkatikati mwake. Akuluakulu samakhalanso m'gulu lalikulu, ndipo nthawi zambiri ndi anthu ochepa omwe amakhala pafupi. Nsomba yakale imakonda kukhazikika payekha. Amayamba kubereka kuyambira wazaka 3-5 - zomwe nsomba zimadya, zimakula msanga. Munjira zambiri, izi zimatengera komwe amakhala: kum'mwera kwamadzi, kukula kumathamanga.

Kudulira kumachitika m'madzi osaya - mitsinje yaying'ono kapena osaya. Pakuchepa, nsomba zimasonkhana m'masukulu akulu, angapo angapo, ndipo nthawi zina angapo wamba. Imayenda kuyambira Marichi mpaka Meyi, kutengera malo omwe mukukhala - muyenera ayezi kuti ichoke ndikukhazikitsa kutentha kwa madzi kuchokera madigiri 8 ndi kupitilira apo.

Maimelo obzala amakwera kumtunda, nthawi zambiri amakhala pakati pa nsomba zoyambirira. Gulu lawo limatha kusambira mtunda wautali lisanapezeke malo abwino owerengera - nthawi zina limakhala makilomita makumi. Muli utsogoleri wampikisano woterowo: akulu kwambiri ndi achikulire omwe amatuluka koyamba, ndikutsatiridwa ndi ang'ono, ndipo oyenda omaliza amakhala omaliza.

Amasambira pang'onopang'ono, kuthana ndi pafupifupi kilomita 10 patsiku, kusiya kupumula ndikudyetsa. Amakhala pafupi pansi ndi malo otsetsereka mozama, ndipo m'madzi ambiri nthawi zambiri amakhala akusambira mabango. Ndikofunikira kuti kuya kwamadzi ndikochepa, koma kokwanira - theka la mita kapena pang'ono.

Pakakhala zinthu zabwino, kuwaza kumatha kutha patadutsa masiku angapo, koma nyengo yoipa ikasokoneza, imatha kukhala yayitali - mpaka masabata awiri. Lingaliro limayamba m'mawa ndi m'mawa, chifukwa ichi chimayandama mpaka kumtsinje, kotero kuti amawanyamula. Mkazi wamkulu amataya mazira pafupifupi 70-120, ndipo ndi gawo laling'ono kwambiri laling'ono lomwe lomwe limatha kukhala laulere.

Mazira amasiyana pang'ono ndi mazira a cyprinids ena, awiriwo ndi 1-1,5 mm. Amamatira miyala, mabowo, ndi zopinga zina, koma nthawi zambiri amakakamizidwa ndi zomwe zidadyedwa ndi nsomba zina. Ngati mazira ali ndi mwayi kuti asadye, pakatha sabata ndi theka, pang'ono amapezeka.

Mukatulutsa, ma id amakhala osasamala ndipo zimakhala zosavuta kuzigwira. Atamaliza, amasambira kubwerera komwe amakhala - amakhala izi mopanda paketi, koma m'modzi, kuti pang'onopang'ono kuchuluka kwawo komwe amakatula kumachepe. Mutabwerako nthawi yomweyo wonenepa.

Pang'onopang'ono gululo limabweranso. Nsomba zazing'ono, zomwe sizinafikebe kuubala, sizimatumizidwa kuti zikhale zotentha, koma zimangokhala m'malo awo. Pambuyo pokumana kwa gululo, ngati madzi mumtsinjewo amasungidwa kotsika, amatha kupita kumalo atsopano, tsopano koyenera kwambiri, pamlingo wabwinobwino amakhalabe.

Adani achilengedwe azizungu

Chithunzi: River ide

Lingaliro silikhala la zolinga zazikuluzomwe zimadyera mitsinje, ndiye kuti, palibe amene amamufuna - chifukwa, nsomba yayikulu ndi yayikulu kwambiri. Koma zilonda zomwe zakula mpaka kukula kwabwinobwino zimakhala ndi wina yemwe ayenera kuwopa - choyambirira, ma pike ndi taimen, nsomba izi zimatha kuyesa kuziluma.

Akuluakulu komanso akulu kwambiri alibe adani achilengedwe, ndipo asodzi okha ndi omwe amawopseza. Kuphatikiza pa nsomba zazikulu zomwe zimadyedwa ndi asodzi omwewo, zilonda zachikulire wamba zitha kuopsezedwanso ndi onyamula, ma mink ndi makoswe ena akuluakulu. Ides imakonda kusambira pafupi ndi gombe, kumeneko imadikirira ndi nyama zonyansa izi, zomwe nsomba zamtunduwu ndi imodzi mwazakudya zabwino kwambiri.

Zocheperako lingaliro, zomwe zimawopseza kwambiri - achinyamata, omwe akukulira mpaka kilogalamu imodzi ndi theka, amawopsezedwa ndi zonse pamwambapa, kuphatikiza apo nawonso nsomba zing'onozing'ono, zolephera kupirira zilonda zazikulu, ndi mbalame zodya ngati ma tern ndi asodzi amfumu - zimasilira nsomba kondanso.

Zambiri zomwe zimawopseza mwachangu ndi caviar - pafupifupi nyama iliyonse yomwe imakhalamo kapena pafupi ndi madzi imawadyera. Caviar ambiri sasintha mwachangu chifukwa pali asaka ochulukirapo oti asadye nawo. Pakati pa mwachangu, kupulumuka kumakhalanso kotsika kwambiri.

Koma ngati malingaliro adatha kupulumuka chaka choyamba, mwayi wake wotsalira mpaka kukalamba ukuwonjezeka kwambiri, ngakhale sanakhalebe okwera - pali ziwopsezo zambiri. Ndipo pokhapokha lingaliro litafika kulemera kwa kilogalamu 2-3, limatha kulimba mtima.

Usodzi wam'madzi

Kutuluka kwa ayezi, nsombayo imadzuka kuchokera ku hibernation, madzi m'mitsinje amatuluka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti phuluke. Chakumapeto kwa Marichi komanso kumayambiriro kwa Epulo, malingaliro amapita kumakhoti okhathamiritsa okosijeni, komwe amabwezeretsa mphamvu, kutsukidwa ndi majeremusi, ndipo amadya kwambiri usiku woti utuluke.

Chosangalatsa ndichakuti kukwera kwamadzi mumtsinje, kuluma kwambiri kwa nsomba. Malo okopa kwambiri kwa malingaliro abwino mu kasupe ndi gawo pafupi ndi m'mphepete mwa zomerazi zomwe zidamasulira.

Ndi kutentha kwa madzi m'makonzedwe, zazikazi zimapeza mphamvu zimayamba kutuluka. Kenako abwereranso ku madzi. Nsomba zimaluma mkati mwa maola 24, koma zimayambitsidwa m'mawa ndi madzulo. Mu kasupe, imagwira kwambiri, chifukwa chake imagwidwa ndi nyambo zogwirira ntchito zomwe zimatsata tizilombo, kupota mizere ndi miyala, timapeto, zoterera, tinthu tating'onoting'ono. Kuphatikiza apo, kuvuta wamba kumakhala koyenera.

Kumayambiriro kwa Epulo, malingaliro akadali aulesi kwambiri, motero, kuti akope chidwi chake, nyambo imatsitsidwa pansi mpaka pansi. Kupatula apo, amangomunyalanyaza.

Choyimira chogwira mtima kwambiri cha nyama: Chingwe, kachilomboka, kachikumbu ka kachilomboka. Kuphatikiza apo, kuti mukope chidwi cha nsomba, mutha kukonza dongo losakaniza, phala lililonse ndi nyongolotsi zophwanyika. Zosakaniza ndi zosakanizika bwino, mipira imakungidwa kuchokera kwa iwo, yomwe imatsitsidwa mu dziwe, pomwe imafewetsa ndikugawanika zazing'ono. M'malo mwa zakudya zowonjezera, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito nandolo zopanda, tirigu kapena masamba a oatmeal. Pambuyo pa mphindi 30-50, chakudya chizikopa lingalirolo ndipo mutha kutsitsa ndodoyo m'madzi.

Kumbukirani, woyimira banja la cyprinid amakayikira, kuti musafunike kumuwopseza muyenera kusuntha mosasuntha masamba, kungokhala chete pakusodza komanso ngakhale kubisala kuthengo.

Chiwerengero cha anthu ndi mitundu

Malingaliro ndi nsomba yolimba, ilibe kuzizira, imakonda kutentha pang'ono, komanso imalekerera, chifukwa chake imakhala m'malo otere osiyanasiyana nyengo. Ngakhale kuipitsa kwamadzi kopitilira muyeso sikuopsa - ma id amatha kukhala m'malo otetezeka koma osakhala otetezeka kwambiri.

Chifukwa chake, ngakhale atagwira nsomba zambiri, kuchuluka kwawo mumtsinje wa ku Europe ndi Siberia ndikokwera, ndipo palibe chomwe chikuwopseza mitundu yonseyi. Koma kugwira sikuvomerezeka kulikonse: mwachitsanzo, malingaliro ndi osowa komanso otetezedwa ndi boma kumadera ena a Russia, ndipo njira zina zikuchitidwa kuti zisunge ndikuwabwezeretsanso anthu.

Chifukwa chake, mumtsinje wa Moscow, malingaliro a anthu achilengedwe adagwa kwambiri. Zotsatira zake, njira zinayamba kuchitidwa kuti ziteteze: m'malo omwe mumakhala ma densi pali zotchingira m'mphepete mwa nyanja - njira ndizoletsedwa, kupatula zolengedwa zobwezeretsa chilengedwe, kuwedza ndizoletsedwa mwa ena, ndipo kwa ena ndizotheka ndi chiphaso chokha.

Malo omwe anali oyenera kupangika pang'ono adatsekedwa pogwiritsa ntchito zopinga; kusambira pamagalimoto sikuletsedwa. Maenje obiriwira ndi ma biotope obowoleza amasungidwa bwino m'malo oyenera, ngati kuli koyenera, ntchito ikupitidwa kuti ikonzenso. Zomwezi zikuchitikanso m'maiko ena ku Europe. Koma mwambiri, nyamazo zimatanthawuza zomwe sizowopseza, chifukwa m'malo ambiri ogulitsa kwaulere amaloledwa.

Chowoneka Chosangalatsa: Nthawi zambiri, ma id amaikidwa m'madziwe, maonekedwe ake okongola ndi ntchito zawo zimathandizira izi - ndizosangalatsa kuyang'anira kusaka kwawo kwachilombo, makamaka popeza ndiwosazindikira - muyenera kungokhala ndi dimba lochulukirapo padziwe, ndipo ma identi akhale abwino mverani.

Malingaliro - nsomba sizokongola zokha, komanso zokoma: yokazinga, stewed kapena yophika, ndizotchuka kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, nthawi zambiri amawawotera, ndipo kugwira nsomba yayikulu ndi mphotho kwa asodzi aliyense. Mwamwayi, amabala bwino ndipo sakhala pachiwopsezo, akupirira mpaka nsanje ya ena ambiri ndipo akukulitsa mtundu wawo.

Usodzi wamalimwe

Kuchuluka kwa chakudya, kutentha, madzi ofunda ndi kusowa kudya ndizomwe zimayambitsa kuluma kwa malingaliro olakwika. M'nyengo yotentha, nsomba zimakhala m'mphepete mwa mitsinje, pafupi ndi mabatani akuya kwa 4-5 mamita mosasintha. Nthawi yabwino yogwira ide ndi nthawi yamadzulo kapena m'mawa kwambiri (mpaka 9 pm). Kutuluka kwa dzuwa, ma bingu amapita pang'onopang'ono ndipo akakwera kwambiri mokwanira ndikusowa.

Pakuya mpaka 4 m, mutha kugwira nsomba pa ndodo yosodza, komabe, wodyetsa yekha ndiye woyenera kuigwira kuchokera kumadzi. Monga phokoso, chakudya chomera (tirigu wosenda kapena nandolo, mastico) chimagwiritsidwa ntchito, pomwe zidutswa za ndowe, mphutsi kapena chowononga magazi nthawi zina zimawonjezeredwa. Nyambo momwe amapangira nandolo yonyowa ndi phala ndi dongo kapena nsomba yoyera mumtsinje umagwira gawo lalikulu.

Lingaliro ndikuyimira mochenjera a cyprinids; kuti agwire, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zosagwirizana kwambiri ndi zida (zopondera zowonda ndi mulifupi wa 0.14-0.18 mm).

Kusodza m'dzinja

Ndi momwe nyengo yozizira imayendera, momwe nsomba zimasinthira ndi malo ake. Monga lamulo, ma id amawoneka ozungulira, pomwe achangu amathamangitsidwa ndipo palibenso pano. Nthawi imeneyi, amakonzekera nthawi yozizira, amayamba kudya mwachangu, kukhuta mafuta. Ino ndi nthawi yabwino kwa angler, chifukwa nibble ndiyowonjezereka ngati kasupe. Pakuwongolera, ndodo yotsitsa pansi imagwiritsidwa ntchito, yomwe siyiponyedwa mozama kuposa mamitala awiri mumtsinje. Ming'alu iyenera kukhala yopyapyala komanso yopanda chidwi, kuti asaopseze nsomba m'madzi oyera.

M'dzinja, chisamaliro chapadera chimalipidwa pakuphatikizidwa kwa zakudya zowonjezera, zomwe zimasintha mwezi uliwonse. Mu Seputembala, ndi msanganizo wa ma oatmeal, ufa wa tirigu, nandolo zouma, mphutsi. Mu Okutobala, Hercules yasandulwa enfunda. Nyambo yabwino kwambiri mu Novembala ndi crucian carp kapena nyambo yamoyo.

Nsomba zimadyetsedwa kwa theka la ola kapena ola. Ntchito yayikulu ndikutola zinthu zochuluka kwambiri mpaka ku nyambo ya nyambo. Kudyetsa kumayikidwa pansi pang'ono pang'onong'ono, kuti nsomba zochuluka kwambiri, dikirani kufikira kwa gulu.

Nyambo za chilimwe, komanso nyambo zakuda, nsomba nyambo ndizoyenera nyambo. Kumbukirani kuti kugwira malingaliro ndi njira yochititsa chidwi yomwe imafunikira chidziwitso ndi luso.

Pomaliza

Cholinga chake ndi nsomba yamanyazi, yomwe imakhala m'mitsinje ndi m'mitsinje. Kuchulukana kwakukulu kwa oimira banja la cyprinid amalembedwa pafupi ndi Kumpoto. Kuchuluka kwa munthu wamba, monga lamulo, sikupitirira 2 kg. Nsomba zimagwidwa pa waya kapena poyandama, bulu, kuwedza kuwedza, ndikupewa mafunde amphamvu. Nibble zimatengera nyengo: wotakataka kwambiri pantchito yophukira komanso yophukira, nthawi yotentha komanso nthawi yozizira.

Cholinga ndi nsomba yokhala ndi nyama yofewa, yotsekemera, yomwe imakhala ndi mapuloteni osakanikirana bwino m'thupi la munthu. Zophatikiza zama mineral ndi PUFA, zomwe ndi gawo la malonda, zimapangitsa kuti mitsempha ya magazi ikhale yolimba, kulimbitsa mafupa, kutulutsa chimbudzi, osadula pamimba. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kudya nsomba katatu pa sabata kwa 100 g.

Kumbukirani, malingaliro amawonongeka nthawi yomweyo, kotero ayenera kuwaphika mukangogula kapena kugwira (mkati mwa maola 24). Kupanda kutero, mukamadya nsomba zamtundu wathunthu, mutha "kupeza" zakudya zomwe zimayamwa, kudzimbidwa ndikuyambitsidwa ndi mphutsi.