Takaha, kapena sultanka yopanda mapiko (Porphyrio hochstetteri) - mbalame yopanda kuwuluka yomwe ili pangozi, ili ku New Zealand.

Takache ndiye membala wamkulu kwambiri wabanja la Rallidae (ng'ombe). Mbalame yosauluka iyi, pafupifupi kukula kwa nkhuku, imakhala ndi matupi otalika pafupifupi masentimita 63, yokhala ndi miyendo yofiyira yolimba, mlomo wofiirira wofiirira wambiri ndi maula okongola abuluu. Zachikazi za mbalameyi zimalemera pafupifupi makilogalamu 2.3, zazimuna kuyambira 2.4 mpaka 2.7 kg. Sitha ili ndi mapiko ang'onoang'ono omwe sagwiritse ntchito ndege, koma amayenda mosayenda nthawi yakukhwima.

Masamba ndiwo malo oyamba a takah, koma popeza anthu adawasandutsira malo okhala, a takah adakakamizidwa kusamukira kumapiri a mapiri, chifukwa chake amakhala m'matanthwe otentha kwambiri chisanayambe chisanu, ndipo nyengo yozizira imatsikira m'nkhalango ndi zitsamba zoyambira.

Mbalamezi zimadyera udzu, mphukira zaudzu ndi tizilombo, koma pamaziko a chakudya chawo ndi masamba a Chionochloa ndi mitundu ina ya mapiri ndi udzu ndi tizilombo. Amatha kupezeka akudya masamba a Dantonia chikasu, ndikugwira phesi ndi thumba limodzi, mbalame imangodya gawo lofewa, enawo amaponyedwa kunja.

Takaha ndi amodzi, i.e. pangani ma banja angapo. Kuti kubereketsa ana, mu Okutobala, chisanu chikayamba kusungunuka, amapanga zisa zazikulu kuchokera ku udzu ndi nthambi zofanana ndi mbale. Clutch ikhoza kukhala ndi mazira amodzi kapena atatu owonekera, pomwe patatha masiku 30 anapiye. Makolo onse awiri amawaswa mazira, kenako amagawana maudindo odyetsa ana. Ndizachidziwikire kuti mwana wankhuku imodzi yokha mu clutch ndiyomwe imakhalako nthawi yozizira yoyamba. Koma kupulumuka kwa nyamazo kumathandizidwa ndi kuti Takha amadziwika kuti ndi mbalame zazitali, chifukwa nthawi yayitali yomwe munthu amakhala ndi moyo kuyambira zaka 14 mpaka 20.

Nkhani ya kupezedwa kwa takache ndi yosangalatsa: asayansi omwe adaphunzira za chikhalidwe cha ku New Zealand adanenanso mobwerezabwereza nkhani zochokera kwa nzika zanyumba zodabwiza - mbalame yokhala ndi maula owala, koma popeza palibe amene anali ndi mwayi kuwona patatenga moyo, adaganiza kuti nkhanazi ndi nkhambakamwa chabe kuchokera nthano zakomweko.

Komabe, mu 1847, Walter Mantell adatha kupezabe mafupa a mbalame yayikuru yosadziwika m'mudzi wina. Zitachitika izi, adayesanso kangapo kuti apeze Takha, ndipo ena mwaiwo adachita bwino: ofufuzawo adatha kugwira mbalame yamoyo. Koma, popeza fanizo lomaliza lomaliza la takaha lidagwidwa mu 1898, pomwe zidatayika mbalamezo, zidaphatikizidwanso m'ndandanda wazinyama zomwe zidasowa.

Kungoti mu 1948, kuthamangitsidwa kwa Geoffrey Orbella kunali mwayi kupeza gulu laling'ono la takahi pafupi ndi Lake Te Anau. Vomerezani kuti pambuyo poti "kuuka kwa akufa" mbalameyi imatha kutchedwa mbalame ya ku New Zealand - phoenix.

Pakadali pano, mndandanda uli pachiwopsezo, popeza uli ndi ochepa kwambiri, omwe akukula pang'onopang'ono. Kutha konse kwa mbalamezi kumachitika chifukwa cha zinthu zingapo: kusaka kwadzaoneni, kutayika kwa malo okhala komanso zoseweretsa zidachita nawo gawo. Atatsegulanso, boma la New Zealand lidapanga malo ena apadera ku Fiordland National Park kuti asungire takahe, ndipo malo opangira mbalame zosowa nawonso adapangidwa. Mu 1982, chiwerengero cha anthu a takahe chinakwana anthu 118 okha, koma chifukwa cha zoyesayesa zachilengedwe, ziwerengero zawo zinakwera mpaka 242.

Kuti muzitsatira kwathunthu kapena pang'ono pang'ono, kulumikizidwa kovomerezeka kwa tsamba la UkhtaZoo ndikofunikira.

Takache

• Notornis mantelli

Takache, kapena wopanda phokoso (lat. Porphyrio hochstetteri A. B. Meyer, 1883) - mbalame yachilendo kwambiri, yosawerengeka, idawonedwa kuti yatha. Dzina la Maori am'deralo ndi mohaw . Amakhala kumapiri a South Island of New Zealand, pafupi ndi Nyanja ya Te Anau. Zili pabanja lankhondo. Buku Lofiira Lapadziko Lonse liri ndi mtundu wamtundu womwe uli pachiwopsezo chofuna kuzimiririka (mtundu EN).

Nkhani

Takaha idagawidwa ku New Zealand. Pachilumba cha North Island, mbalameyi idatchedwa mogo, ku South - takaha. A Maori anasaka takah chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwawo.

Asayansi omwe adaphunzira za New Zealand poyambira adatenga zonse zokhudzana ndi mbalame yodabwitsayi, koma popeza panalibe umboni wowoneka bwino wa kukhalapo kwa takaha, adaganiza kuti mbalameyo ndi nthano chabe kuchokera ku nthano za Maori.

Komabe, mu 1847, Walter Mantell mwangozi adatenga chigaza, sternum, ndi zigawo zina za mafupa a mbalame yayikulu yosadziwika m'mudzi pa North Island. Zotsatira zake, mafupawo anali a mbalame yayikulu yamapiko koma yosathawa, yomwe idatchedwa Mantell - Notornis mantelli, ndiye - "Wodabwitsa mbalame Mantella."

Zaka ziwiri Mantella atapeza, gulu la osoka lidapeza kuti mbalame yayikulu ndi yotani. Pambuyo pa njira, adapeza mbalame yayikulu yokhala ndi maula okongola. Komabe, patapita masiku angapo mbalame ija itagwidwa, iwo, osadziwa choti achite nayo, adaipha ndikudya. Khungu la mbalame yokhala ndi maula idatsalira ndikugwera m'manja mwa Walter Mantell.

Pambuyo pake, mbalame ina inagwidwa, nthawi iyi mafupa ake athunthu adasamutsidwira ku London, komwe adayesedwa. Zotsatira zake, asayansi adapeza m'mitunduyi kusiyana kuchokera ku zoyambirira zenizeni zomwe Mantell adapeza mu 1847. Iwo adatsimikiza kuti pali mitundu iwiri yosiyanasiyana ya North America ndi South Islands ya New Zealand. Mitundu yachiwiri yotchedwa Notornis hochstetteri polemekeza wofufuza wotchuka wa ku Australia komanso Australia, Pulofesa Hochstetter.

Choyerekeza chomaliza cha Takha chinagwidwa mu 1898, pomwepo chidalembedwa paminyama yosowa.

Kupezanso

Mu 1948, kuthamangitsidwa kwa Giofri Orbella m'nkhalango za Te Anau kunapeza matumba awiri. Mbalamezo zinajambulidwa, kumenyedwa ndi kutulutsidwa kuthengo. Patatha chaka chimodzi, Dr. Orbell adapeza zisa. Atasanthula zisa 30, adazindikira kuti Takha amadzala mwana wankhuku imodzi pachaka.

Boma la New Zealand lalengeza za malo okhala a takahe. Malo osungira masiku ano ku Lake Te Anau ndi malo a mahekitala 160,000.