Chule mu aquarium * Chordate

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Kukhazikika kwa woimira amphibians kumeneku ndi kumpoto kwa South America. Nthawi zina imatha kupezeka ngakhale m'mapiri pamtunda wamtunda pafupifupi mita pafupifupi 1000. Nthawi zambiri mapaipi amtali amapezeka muzomera zokhala ndi zomera, zomwe pansi pake pamakhala matope. Kuchokera ku mantha, imayikidwa m'mata. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti nthawi yamadzi, chule imayenda m'malo amadzi osefukira, ndipo pakumapuma chilala chimabisala m'matumba kapena m'matauni ang'onoang'ono.

Mu malo abwino, chule amakhala nthawi yonse m'madzi ndipo samayesera kupita kumtunda. Koma m'mene zinthu zikuipiraipira, pipa wazaka zilizonse sangakhale m'malo am'madzi, momwe amakumana ndi zovuta, ndipo amatha madziwo nthawi yomweyo.

Mawonekedwe

Chithunzi chojambulidwa ku pipa wakuda waku Brazil sichimawona bwino - ndi khungu, ndipo maso ake ndi ochepa. Thupi lathyathyathya la mtundu wotuwa wachikulire ngatiimunthu wotere limakhala losachepera 8 cm ndipo limathothomoka kuposa achule a Spur. Mimba ya pipa imakutidwa ndi mawanga amdima. Kukula kwam'ng'ono kumakhala kopepuka m'mitundu, m'mimba zawo zimakhala zoyera, ndipo mutu kumunsi ndi wakuda. Ngati mungayang'ane chule wochokera kumwamba, mutha kuwona kuti mutu wake uli ndi mawonekedwe opindika.

Chizindikiro china cha Coripaho pipa ndichoti malekezero a zala zamtsogolo akuvekedwa korona ndi mawonekedwe a stellar, ndipo palibe mawonekedwe osambira pa iwo. Kuphatikiza apo, mitsempha yam'miyendo ya kutsogolo kwa chule imakhala tcheru kwambiri, zomwe zimawathandiza kupeza chakudya mosavuta akamakumba silt.

Amuna akuluakulu, monga momwe zimakhalira nthawi zambiri ndi amphibians, amasiyana ndi azimayi ang'onoang'ono, ndipo ndi osangalatsa. Mtundu wa amuna umakhala wakuda kwambiri.

Kufanana kwakunja kwa ana ang'ono omwe amapezeka ndi ma homonochiruses ofanana kukula ndi kwakukulu. Kuti musiyanitse ena ndi ena, muyenera kulabadira zizindikiro izi:

Pip amadziwika ndi kuthamanga kwambiri: nthawi yomweyo amakwera pamadzi ndipo nthawi yomweyo amapita pansi, amabisala pansi. Hymenochiruses amadziwika ndi kusayenda pang'ono komanso kuyenda kwakachetechete pamzere wamadzi. Mantha okha ndi omwe angawapangitse kuthamanga ndikubisala.
Mu peep, posambira, zala zamtsogolo zimayang'ana kutsogolo, ndipo mu hymenochiruses, zala zimapinda.
Mapaipi satero, mosiyana ndi ma hymenochiruses, ali ndi ziwalo pamphumi zawo, zomwe zimawalola kuti azigwira zidutswa kapena chakudya chamoyo ndikutumiza chakudya chomwe chimapezeka mkamwa mwawo.

Mikhalidwe yapa Corvalho pipa

Oimira awa a amphibians sakukhudzidwa ndi malo okhala, komabe, amakhala ndi vuto chifukwa cha madzi abwino komanso otentha. Komanso onetsetsani kuti mulibe amuna opitilira m'modzi m'mizinda imodzi - ndizotheka kuti azilimbana ndikuvulazana. Koma ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti pipa sikuvulaza nsomba kapena mbewu.

Kutalika kwa madzi mu thankiyo kulibe kanthu, komabe, ndikofunikira kuti sizosazama kwambiri.

Kwa oimira awa a amphibians, ndikofunikira kuti apange malo ambiri obisika, monga shards odula, mabowo, etc., komwe amabisala. Chonde dziwani kuti ma peeps amasangalala kuthera nthawi yayitali kukumba pansi. Mu aquarium, mutha kuphimba pansi ndi miyala yaying'ono ya mitsinje kapena tchipisi cha granite ndi mulifupi wa mamilimita 4-6.

Monga masamba, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito maluwa akuluakulu okhala ndi masamba amphamvu ndi masamba, omwe ali ndi mizu yolimba.

Chotetezacho chikuyenera kutsekedwa ndi ukonde kapena galasi. Kusamalira pipa, malo a m'madzi amadzaza ndi madzi osayenda, kutentha kwake kuyenera kusungidwa mkati mwa 24-26 ° С. Kumbukirani kuti kukhala nthawi yayitali pamtunda kukhoza kuvulaza ziweto zanu.

Mikhalidwe ikayamba kuwonongeka (madzi ofunda kwambiri kapena osasunthika, kusiya kudyetsa, ndi ena otero) pipa Corvalho amasiya madziwo, akusunthira mosavuta pagalasi la aquarium. Amamamatira ku galasi ndi m'mimba mwake ndikuyang'ana njira ina iliyonse yomwe atulukemo.

Kudya Pipa Corvalho

Pankhani yazakudya, Coriffho pipa ali ndi kufanana ndi spur. Achule ang'onoang'ono amadya chakudya chokhacho chokhala ndi moyo (wopanga ma tubule, ma cellworm, enchitrea). Anthu okalamba pang'ono, kuyambira mwezi wachitatu wa moyo, akusangalala ndi nsomba ndi nyama. Akuluakulu amasamba mosavuta chakudya chouma pamadzi, monga gammarus, daphnia, ndipo osanyansidwa ndi zakudya zapadera.

Pipas amadya mwadyera komanso chakudya chochuluka, pomwe amayamba kunenepa pamaso pake. Dziwani kuti zakudya zopatsa thanzi ndichimodzi mwazomwe zimapangitsa kuti achule a mtundu uwu apangidwe.

Mwambo wa chibwenzi

Wamphongo amayesera kuti "amenyane" ndi mkaziyo, koma ngati sakupeza ulemu, amusiya yekha. Pankhani ya kukonzekererako kwa wamkazi kutulutsa mtundu, amakomoka “kukumbatira” kwamphongo, ndipo kukomoka kumatsika thupi lake. Kuwona izi, yamphongo imamenya thupi lake mwamphamvu, ndipo m'malo mwake amasambira kwa nthawi yayitali, mwina mpaka tsiku. Nthawi zambiri, kugwidwa kumachitika usiku, ndipo kukundana kumachitika m'mawa.

Kusindikizidwa kwa Pipa Corvalho

Njira yopangira Pipa Corvalho ndiyosangalatsa kwambiri. Dzira likadzayamwa, yamphongo imawakakamiza ndi mimba yake kulowa kumbuyo kwa mkazi, ndikupanga mizere yake. Ngati awiriwo ndi achonde kwambiri, amasungunula mazira atsopano pamazira, atapanikizidwa kale kumbuyo. Ndondomeko yakeyinso ndi iyi: yamphongo imatenga mazira mmbali mwa thupi la mzimayi, kuchokera pamutu pake, ndikupanga iwo mu malo amodzi pamalo ena kumbuyo kwake.

Ndizosangalatsanso kuti mazira omwe amamatira ku mbewu kapena opangidwa mwaluso sangathe kukula ndi kufa. Amangopulumuka akakhala kumbuyo kwa chule chachikazi. Clutch nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi mazira 50-200.

Maola ochepa pambuyo pomwe mazira ali kumbuyo kwa Corvalho pipa, koyamba kamene imayamwa mazira, pomwe mazira amatsitsidwanso. Pambuyo pa izi, mawonekedwe osungunula amapezeka.

M'moto kutentha kwa chipinda, ma tadpoles amapsa masiku 14. Kuti muchepetse njirayi, mutha kuwonjezera kutentha pang'ono. Tadpoles amatuluka chipolopolo chosasinthika, ndichifukwa chake kumbuyo kwa nthawi yayitali wamkazi amachoka ndi mlatho wamwala wosalala. Ndikofunika kuti madzi azisamba mu chidebe ndi ma tadpoles.

Pobadwa, kutalika kwa thupi la ma tadpoles kumafikira masentimita 1. Mchira pakadali pano ukuwonekera kwathunthu. Makanda obadwa kumene amadya ciliates ndi mabakiteriya.

Miyezi iwiri itabadwa, anyaniwa amasanduka achule ang'onoang'ono. Nthenga zamtundu wonse zikamachoka pachikazi, kusungunuka kwake kumabweranso, ndipo chule amakonzekereranso kukhwima.

Mawonekedwe ndi kufotokozera kwa Surinamese pipa

Kusiyana koyamba kuchokera kwa anthu ena okhala ndi mitundu ina ndi thupi. Mukawona chule yotere nthawi yoyamba, mutha kuganiza kuti sking rink idasuntha kangapo. Thupi lake ndi locheperako komanso lathyathyathya, lofanana ndi tsamba lakale, lalitali la mtengo winawake, komanso kuvomereza kuti ndiwokhala mumtsinje wotentha wokhala ndi madzi ofunda ndizovuta kwambiri.

Mutu wa chida cha Suriname uli ndi mawonekedwe atatu ndipo umasunthika ngati thupi lonse la chule. Maso ili pamwamba pa nkhope Alibe zopewa ndipo ndi ochepa kwambiri. Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti achule amenewa alibe mano ndi lilime. M'malo mwake, chipangizocho chili ndi zikopa zamkati zomwe zimapezeka pakona pakamwa ndipo ndizofanana kwambiri ndi mahema.

Miyendo yakutsogolo ya amphibian ilibe ziwalo ndipo imatha ndi zala zazitali zomwe zopanda zibwano, izi ndi kusiyana kwina kuchokera kwa achule ena. Ndipo pamiyendo yakumbuyo pali makoko akhungu, amakhala amphamvu kwambiri ndipo ali pakati pa zala. Makatani amenewa amathandiza kuti chule lizikhala olimba mtima ngati madzi.

Thupi la chule osati lalikulu kwambiri silikhala kupitirira masentimita khumi ndi awiri, koma pali anthu opambana, kutalika kwake fikirani masentimita makumi awiri . Khungu la nyama yachilendo iyi ndi loyipa komanso khwinya, nthawi zina mumatha kuwona mawanga akuda kumbuyo.

Utoto wa Surinamese pipa suli wowala, makamaka ali ndi khungu la bulauni komanso pamimba lowala; pakhoza kukhalanso lingwe lakuda lomwe limapita kummero ndikuphimba khosi la chala, ndikupanga malire pamenepo. Kuphatikiza apo, nyama yosawoneka bwino kwambiri imakhala ndi fungo lamphamvu lomwe limafanana ndi fungo la hydrogen sulfide.

Njira Ya Moyo Wa Chule Ndi Thanzi

Mbale yokhala chule ili ndi malo osungira okhala ndi madzi otentha komanso amatope, omwe alibe magetsi amphamvu. ATamakumana ndi anthu pafupi , pafupi ndi minda yobzalamo ngalande zothirira. Amakonda pansi pamatope, ndiye malo opatsa pipa.

Ndi zala zake zazitali, zomwe zili pamphumi pake, iye amasula dothi ndikuyang'ana chakudya, kenako ndikuikokera mkamwa mwake. Othandizira mu izi ndi omwe akutuluka pamiyendo, omwe ali ofanana kwambiri ndi asterisks, kudzera mwa chule uyu amatchedwa "mfuti ya nyenyezi".

Zakudya za chule zaku Surinamese, ndizotsalira zomwe zimayikidwa pansi, pansi pa malo osungira. Itha kukhala:

nsomba
nyongolotsi
mapuloteni okhala ndi michere yambiri.

Achule a Pipa sawoneka konse pamtunda, ngakhale ali ndi zisonyezo zonse za nyama ya pamtunda:

khungu loyipa kwambiri
mapapu olimba.

Zosiyanazo ndi nthawi zomwe mvula imagwa kwambiri ku Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador ndi mizinda ina ku South America. Kodi zimachitika liti? Zida zamtundu wa Surin kuwonekera m'mphepete mwa nyanja ndikuyenda kwa makilomita mazana ambiri kuti akapeze mafinya otentha ndi akuda pafupi ndi nkhalango yamvula, komwe amapaka dzuwa ndi dzuwa.

Chiyembekezo cha moyo ndi kubereka

Nthawi yobala achule a Surinamese imayamba nthawi yamvula ikayamba. Mitengo iyi ndi yachimuna ngakhale sizovuta kusiyanitsa komwe kuli mkazi komanso komwe amuna amakhala. Kuti agonjetse wamkazi, wamwamuna ayenera kuyamba kuvina kokhadzula, komwe kumatsata - nyimbo.

Kuti mkazi amvetsetse kuti mwamunayo akufuna kukwatirana, amayamba kubaya. Chachikazi, atasankha wamwamuna , amamuyandikira ndikuponya mazira osavomerezeka m'madzi, ndipo nthawi yomweyo yamphongo imayamba kumasula ubwamuna kuti ipatsenso ana mtsogolo.

Pakapita kanthawi, njirayo imatsikira pansi kuti ikatenge mazira omwe mwamunayo adaziphatikiza, amazigwira kumsana kwake. Ndipo yamphongo panthawiyi iyenera kugawana mazira kumbuyo kwa mayi wamtsogolo.

Amapanga timaselo tating'onoting'ono kumbuyo kwa wamkazi, ndikakanikizira dzira lirilonse pamenepo, amadzithandiza ndi miyendo yake yakumbuyo ndi m'mimba. Pambuyo pogwira ntchito maola ambiri, chomera chakumbuyo chimatha kusokonezeka ndi uchi. Ntchito itatha, wamwamuna amasiya ana ake amtsogolo ndi mkaziyo ndipo samadzawonekeranso m'moyo wawo.

Surinamese pipa adzabala ana awo kwa masiku pafupifupi makumi atatu. Chule pa zinyalala imatha kutulutsa achule pafupifupi zana omwe amabadwa nthawi yomweyo. Katundu yemwe ili kumbuyo kwa mkazi Amalemera pafupifupi magalamu 385, kwa bomba, izi ndizovuta. Mazira onse atakhala m'malo awo, adakutidwa ndi membrane woteteza, imakhala yolimba kwambiri komanso imateteza ana amtsogolo. Kuzama kwa maselo komwe caviar imakhazikika imafika mamilimita awiri.

Pokhala mu thupi la amayi, mazira amatenga kuchokera mthupi lake lonse, kupatula, michere yomwe ndiyofunikira kuti ikule. Magawo omwe amawalekanitsa ndi wina ndi mnzake ali ndi mitsempha yambiri yam'magazi, kudzera momwe amalandirira mpweya ndi zakudya, ndi mazira.

Masabata khumi ndi awiri pambuyo pake, achule achichepere amatyola filimu yoteteza nyumba yawo ndikusambira kulowa m'dziko lopanda madzi. Kuyambira kubadwa, amakhala odziimira pawokha ndipo amatha kukhala ndi moyo wabwinobwino yekha, popanda thandizo la munthu wamkulu.

Maonekedwe aanthu ang'onoang'ono awa samadziwika ngati kubadwa kwa moyo, ngakhale achule amawoneka kuchokera mthupi la mkazi. Njira yopangira mazira , monga amphibians ena, kusiyana kokhako ndi komwe amapanga.

M'badwo watsopano ukabadwa, chule kumbuyo kwa Surinamese pamafunika kukonzanso mwachangu. Kuti muchite izi pipa akumutupa msana za algae ndi miyala yosiyanasiyana ndipo izi zimamupangitsa kuti achotse malo omwe maimelo adapangidwira.

Mpaka nyengo yotsatira ya matingawa, achule amatha kusangalala ndi moyo ndipo alibe nkhawa. Achule achichepere azitha kubereka mosadalira ali ndi zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi.

Surinamese pipa kunyumba

Anthu omwe amakonda nyama zachilendo amaberekera achule abwino kwambiri amenewa kunyumba, ndipo mawonekedwe awo osawoneka bwino komanso fungo la hydrogen sulfide sawawopsa konse. Ndizosangalatsa kuyang'anira momwe akazi amanyamula mphutsi ndi momwe amabwerera kudziko lapansi.

Ngati mukuganiza zoyambitsa pipa kunyumba, ndiye kuti mudzafunika malo okhala ndi malo okhala. Ngati muli ndi chule limodzi kuti mukhale ndi moyo, ndiye ziyenera kukhala osachepera malita zana amadzi, ndipo ngati awiri kapena atatu, ndiye kuti agawanikana kotero kuti kuchuluka komweko kumagwera pamunthu aliyense, ndiye kuti, achule atatu amafunikira aquarium ya malita mazana atatu a madzi.

Madzi ayenera kukhala odzazidwa bwino ndi mpweya, motero muyenera kuganizira izi pasadakhale. Komanso yang'anani mosamala kutentha kwa kutentha. Kutentha sikuyenera kupitirira madigiri makumi awiri ndi asanu ndi atatu ndi kukhala osachepera makumi awiri ndi anayi.

Pansi pa aquarium muyenera kuthira mchenga ndi miyala yabwino. Komanso ziyenera kukhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yolusa, izi zingathandize Surinamese Frog khalani omasuka. Afunika kudyetsedwa kosiyanasiyana chakudya cham'madzi, ndipo sangakane kuchokera ku nyongolotsi, mphutsi ndi tizinthu tating'onoting'ono tamoyo.

Niramin - Mar 17th, 2016

Pipa toad amakhala m'malo otsetsereka a South America, amakonda madzi aliwonse kuti azikhalamo munyengo yamvula: mitsinje, dziwe, ngalande zothirira ngakhale maudzu owuma. Pofika nyengo yanyengo, abambowa amatuluka m'nyumba zawo ndikuyamba ulendo wodutsa m'nkhalango zotentha kuti akapitilize mtundu wawo.

Chala cha Pipa chimawoneka ngati tsamba lathyathyathya la mawonekedwe anayi. Pamutu pang'onopang'ono, maso amayang'ana m'mwamba, ndipo zikhatikizo za khungu kumakona amkati zimawoneka ngati mahema. Kutalika kwa thupi la munthu wamkulu ndi pafupifupi masentimita 20. Thupi la pipa limapakidwa utoto wonyezimira ndi waimvi, wolingana ndi pansi pamatope, pomwe nthawi zambiri amakhala nthawi yambiri. Mosiyana ndi achule wamba, pipa alibe mbendera pazatsogola. M'malo mwa nembanemba, chovalachi chili ndi zala zazitali zazitali, mothandizidwa ndi zomwe zimang'amba m'matope kuti chakudya. Miyendo yam'mbuyo ndi yolimba komanso yamphamvu, yokhala ndi nembanemba, mothandizidwa ndi pomwe pipa imasambira. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, oimira awa a amphibians samasowa mano ndi lilime. Kuphatikiza pa izi, chida ichi chimapanga fungo lakuthwa komanso losasangalatsa, lomwe limatikumbutsa kununkhira kwa sulufule.

Pipa amadya nyama zing'onozing'ono zomwe amapeza mu silt: nyongolotsi, nsomba zazing'ono ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono tosiyanasiyana.

Ngakhale maonekedwe oyipa ndi fungo losasangalatsa, chovala cha pipa chimawonedwa ngati chitsanzo posamalira ana ake. Chowonadi ndi chakuti wamkazi amanyamula mazira ake kumbuyo kwake. Poyamba, amaikira mazira ngati chule wamba, koma amphaka amawatenga ndi kuwaika m'maselo apadera kumbuyo kwa mkazi. Kukula, mazira amakula ndikuwonjezereka ndikupanikizidwa kulowa mu maselo ozama. Pamasiku opitilira 80-85, mazirawo amasandulika kukhala ma tadpoles, pomwe ana ang'onoang'ono amakula. Makanda opangidwa pamapeto pake amang'amba chigamba cham'mwamba ndikupita kukayamba moyo wawo wodziyimira pawokha.

Chithunzi: Pipa ali ndi mazira kumbuyo kwake.

Chithunzi: Embryo chule kumbuyo kwa pipa wamkazi.

Kanema: Pamaso Pipa Suriname

Kanema: Zoology: Surinamese pipa - kusamalira ana

Kanema: Chodabwitsa Kwambiri Pipa Pipa Toad!

Pipa Corvalho, ndiye pipa wakuda waku Brazil - chule yemwe samawona bwino, koma miyendo yake yolimba imamuthandiza kudziwa dziko lapansi.

Mitundu ya amphibians imakhala kumpoto kwa South America. Itha kupezeka m'mapiri pamtunda wamtunda wa mpaka mita 1000. M'mayiko omwe Pipa Corvalho amapezeka, mwano waukulu kwa mayi ndi "Senora Pamban".

Kufotokozera Pipa Corvalho

Kutalika kwa thupi ndi masentimita 8-9. Thupi lathyathyathya, mutu umakhala utatu. Pa nsonga za zala zakutsogolo pali mawonekedwe opanga nyenyezi - malekezero omvera kwambiri, chifukwa cha achule amafukula pansi ndikufunafuna chakudya. Zala zowoneka bwino ndizofunikira pips chifukwa ndizovuta kuwona ndipo ndi akhungu.

Kusambira kwamtundu wamtunduwu kulibe. Amuna ndi ocheperako kuposa achikazi, ndipo matupi awo ndi osalala komanso amtambo wakuda, maso awo ndi ochepa.

Mtundu wa munthu wamkulu ndimtundu wa bulauni. Mtundu wa achinyamata ngopepuka, ndipo m'mimba mwayera.

Dwarf Pipa Wamoyo waku Brazil

Pip Corvalho amakhala m'madzi okhaokha. Zimakhala zodziwika m'matupi amadzi othamanga omwe amakhala m'malo otsika komanso pamalo okwera mpaka mamita 1000. Zimapezeka pakati pamisomali, mbewu, pansi pamatope. Ngati malo okhala ndi abwino kwa pipa, samayesa kusiya madzi ake, koma ngati malo omwe akukhala siabwino, ndiye kuti achule a m'badwo uliwonse amasankhidwa pamadzi.

Mabomba Corvalho amadya kwambiri, pomwe nthawi zonse amafunitsitsa. Mitsinje ikasefukira, mitsinje imayendayenda m'malo osefukira. Panthawi yachilala ndi kuyanika kutulutsa m'madziwe, mapichesi amakhala osasunthika m'matumba ang'onoang'ono, kudikirira nthawi yabwino. Ngati pipa akuchita mantha, ndiye kuti amatsamira pansi ndikudziphimba ndi silika.

Kubereka Pip Corvalho

Pazoweta ndi kutukula, mapaipi amafunikira madzi ndi kutentha kwa madigiri 20-30 ndi kuwuma kwa madigiri 5. Kuthandizira ma tadpoles ndi koyipa. Chiwerengero cha amuna kwa akazi chizikhala 1: 1. Mayi woyembekezera ayenera kupumula. Kukula kwa mazenera pamtunda wa madigiri 26-28 kumachitika masiku 15. Mazira amapsa mosiyanasiyana. Tsiku limodzi asanatambule zigamba, zigoba za mazira zimatupa, ndipo mabowo amawoneka pamwamba pawo.

Surinamese pipa imatha kudziwika ngati gulu la amayi osamalira kwambiri zachilengedwe. Chowonadi ndi chakuti ma tadpoles amakhala mmenemo mpaka miyezi 2.5. Mwanjira yeniyeni. Amakhala ndi cholinga choti mapaipi ali ndi misana yawo yonse pabowo. Zapadera. Ndipo ichi ndicho chinthu.

Pipa amavala dzira lonse litagona “chimbudzi” chake. Tadpole yamtsogolo iliyonse imakhala ndi chipinda cha Deluxe chazinthu zonse. Mphamvu - "zonse kuphatikizapo", kuwongolera nyengo komanso chitetezo. Amapeza zonsezi ali mgulu la hexagonal lomwe lili pipa kumbuyo kwake.

Abambo amathandizira kukhazikitsa ana awo m'malo. Njirayi ndiyodabwitsa pang'ono, komabe yesani kufotokoza. Poyamba, kukhwima kumatenga tsiku. Pipa amalingaliridwa kuti ali ndi umuna wamkati. Chovala chachikazi monga chikwama chachikulu ndi mtundu wa ovipositor, womwe amayi akukhwima amayenda pansi pa amuna mpaka kumbuyo. Mwachindunji mtundu wina wa chosinthira. Kenako yamphongo imakankhidwira pamadzi ndi kukanikiza pa ovipositor, pang'onopang'ono kufinya mazira akuluakulu. M'milimita, amatha mpaka 6,7 mm. Chifukwa chake, amagawa mazira kumsana wachikazi pafupifupi ndendende, wina akhoza kunena molondola kwambiri. Ndipo ikunyamuka. Pamenepa ntchito yake idatha.

Pipa amatha kuyikira mazira 114 ndikudziukitsira yekha pawokha kwa masiku 80-85. Ngati dzira limodzi lomwe lili koyambirira limalemera 2.97 g., Ndipo kumapeto - 3,37 g., Kuchulukitsa izi pofika 114. Ndipo pamapeto timapeza, limanyamula 384.16 g. Osati pang'ono.

Mchipindamo, achule amakhala atapangidwa kwathunthu ndipo amawombera kunja komwe amakhala atakonzeka kale moyo. Ana akamaliza kusiya "mbendera yam'madzi" ija, pipa amapaka miyala kapena mbewu ndikuchotsa zotsalira pakhungu. Pambuyo molting, adakutidwa ndi khungu latsopano.

Achule abwino kwambiri amenewa amakhala ku Brazil, Bolivia, Peru ndi Suriname. Ngakhale ali ndi moyo wamadzi kwathunthu, mapapu ake ndi khungu lake loyera limapangidwa bwino - zizindikiro zomwe zimafotokozedwa bwino m'mitundu. O, ndipo ine ndatsala pang'ono kuyiwala! Surinamese pipa imatha kutalika mpaka 20 cm. Mwachilengedwe chule la goliath, koma tidzakambirana nthawi ina.

Achule, Pipa Surinamese, chithunzi cha Pipa, Gimenokhirusy, Spur chule, kukonza, chisamaliro - 4.3 mwa 5 kutengera mavoti 16

Zomwe zili mu hymenochirus

"Choyimbira" kwambiri cha achule amadzi. Ndikofunika kuti kutentha kwa madzi kwa iwo kusatsika ndi 20, komanso bwino - 24 ° C, chifukwa m'madzi ozizira thupi limakana kuthana ndi matenda opatsirana komanso mafangasi amachepa kwambiri.

Malo okhala ma aquariamu amagwiritsidwa ntchito kusunga bomba. Voliyumu iyenera kukhala yosachepera 100 malita pa banja lililonse, koma 200- 300 .. Kutentha kwakukulu ndi madigiri 26.

Ngakhale ma aquariums ochepa kwambiri, kuchokera pa malita 20 pa awiri, omwe amadzaza 1/2 mpaka 2/3 a madzi, ali oyenera kusunga achule a Spur. Dothi labwino la 4-6 cm limathiridwa pansi, pomwe mumatha kudzala mbewuzo, koma ngati Aquarium ndi yaying'ono, nyama zimathothola mwachangu. Pansi pali malo okhala ndi ziphuphu, miyala ndi miphika yodongo. Kutentha ndi madigiri 18 - 25.

Ngati ndi kotheka, otenthetsa ndi otha kutentha amatha kugwiritsa ntchito. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti zida, makamaka magalasi, ziyenera kulimbikitsidwa molimbika, chifukwa achule amayesa kukwawa mu phala lililonse.

Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti achule ndi zolengedwa zopanda mantha komanso zowoneka bwino. Sakonda mawu akulira kwambiri, monga kugogoda, akumveka pafupi ndi aquarium. Pochita mantha, achule amayamba kuthamanga kwambiri, kugunda makhoma, miyala, mbewu, kukweza silt kuchokera pansi. Manyazi amenewa samadutsa nawo kufikira chimaliziro cha moyo.

Kudyetsa achule

Peep malo otsetsereka a kunenepa kwambiri komanso kunenepa kwambiri. Koma musachite nawo chidwi chawo. Mukamadyetsa, apatseni zakudya zochuluka monga momwe angadyere m'mphindi khumi ndi zisanu popanda kufufuza.

Chakudya cha nkhumba: nyongolotsi, maula, tizilombo ndi mphutsi zake, zinyalala zanyama zochokera ku nyama zowola, zomwe zimapezeka mwa nsomba zam'madzi - mawombo, mapira, zidutswa za nyama yaiwisi, nkhuku, nsomba. Pompopompo pamafunde pang'onopang'ono nthaka ndipo ikhoza kukhala ndi kachilomboka, motero ndi bwino kumasula maudzu. Tibulo timayambitsa poyizoni wa chakudya, ndibwino kuti musadzidyetse. Mzere wamafuta watsopano wophatikizika ungaphatikizidwenso m'zakudya. Zakudya zamafuta sizabwino! Gimenokhirusov ndi achule achichepere amadyetsedwa kamodzi masiku awiri kapena atatu, akulu, pip ndi spur - kawiri pa sabata. Mafuta okhazikika mwachisawawa amatha kukhala ndi ludzu la sabata imodzi ndi theka.

Ngati achule amadyetsedwa pafupipafupi ndi dzanja, ndiye kuti posachedwa amasiya kuwopa anthu, amalolera kuti akhudzidwe. Koma kuwachotsa m'madzi sikofunikira.

Banja la Pip

Suriname Pipa

Suriname Pipa!
Kodi mumamudziwa, mosakaikira?
Sindikudziwa?
Mwanjira yanji?
Ngati chonchi!
Ah ah ah!
Ndikubera iwe!
Kodi Panda sangadziwe?
Tuataru
Kapena Chule Cha mutu Woyera -
Koma wina sangathe kudziwa
Chilombo bwanji!
Suriname Pipa!

Ngakhale amakhala
Kudziko lakutali - ku Suriname
Ndipo kawirikawiri, chinthu chosauka,
Amakumana ndi ife
Ngakhale ali woyipa
(Kudzichepetsa kokha kumamukongoletsa!),
Ngakhale achokera ku banja la achule -
Mudziweni
Kwambiri komanso kwambiri sikusokoneza!

Apo,
Mithunzi ya Algarrobe, Quebracho
Ndi maluwa ena osiririka,
M'madzulo masiku achule ndi mikanda
Makwayara osayima amatsogolera.
Pakati paokhazikika,
Ukanya
Kusenda, kugungunuka ndi kupindika
Mawu anu omveka amveka
Suriname Pipa!
. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Achule
Zokhudza banja
Ambiri ofooka.
Za ana
Nthawi zambiri
Osachisoni kwambiri
Zida.
Ndipo iye -
Mwana wamkazi wofatsa uyu wa Suriname, -
Ngakhale chida
Koma
Pabwino amayi!

Inde,
Sachita
Zowopsa bwanji
Mazira:
Mazira onse
Wogona pamsana pake
Monga pa onunkhira bwino.
Ku thupi la amayi
(Ndipo mpaka pamtima!)
Amakula
NDI,
Sindikudziwa za nkhawa
Nthambi mwa iwo zimakula

Pang'onopang'ono mukukula.
Mpaka nthawi yeniyeni ikwaniritsidwa -
Ana
Kokani ndi kukoka ndi kukoka
Kuchokera kwa amayi ake.
Ndipo kenako amathawa
Kudumpha
Ndipo amaiwaliratu za mayi.
(Zichitika,
Malinga ndi mphekesera
Osati ku Suriname kokha. )

Momwemo amoyo
Suriname Pipa.
Tsopano -
Ndili ndi chiyembekezo -
Inu
Osachepera pang'ono
Ndidakumana naye!
Akakufunsani:
"Kodi chilombo ndi chiyani Suriname Pipa?" -
Yankho:
"Ichi ndi chovala,
Koma chala ndi mtundu wapadera! "

Chiyambidwe chowonekera ndi kufotokoza

Mutu wa pipa ndiwopindika ndipo umafanana chimodzimodzi ndi thupi lonse la chule otentha. Maso ali pamwamba pa nkhope, alibe kope ndipo ndi ochepa kwambiri. Chimodzi mwazinthu zosangalatsa kwambiri zam'mimba ndi kusowa kwa mano ndi lilime mwa nyama izi. M'malo mwake, ziwalo zogaya zimasinthidwa zigamba za khungu zomwe zimapezeka pakona pakamwa. Amawoneka ngati mahema.

Kanema: Pipa

Kusiyananso kwina kwakukulu kuchokera ku achule ena onse - miyendo yakutsogolo ya amphibian iyi ilibe zimagwira kumapeto kwake ndikutha ndi zala zokulitsidwa. Ndipo zomwe zimadabwitsa kwambiri - palibe zopanda pake pa iwo, zomwe zimasiyanitsa ndi pipa ya Surinamese ku nyama zonse zapamwamba kwambiri. Koma pamiyendo yakumbuyo pali makoko akhungu, amasiyanasiyana mwamphamvu zawo ndipo amapezeka pakati pa zala. Makatani awa amachititsa kuyenda kwa chule pansi pa madzi ndi chidaliro.

Kutalika kwa thupi la Surinamese pipa pafupifupi sikupita masentimita 20. Sizachilendo pamene anthu akuluakulu amapezeka omwe kutalika kwake kumafika 22-23 cm. Chikopa cha chirombo ichi chimakhala chovuta kwambiri komanso chokhazikika pakapangidwe kake, nthawi zina mumatha kuwona malo akuda kumbuyo. Chimodzi mwazinthu zofunikira kwambiri pakusintha kwa chisinthiko chomwe chimalola kuti Surinamese pipa kuti izitha kutengera zochitika zachilengedwe ndi mtundu (wosafanana ndi achule ambiri). Achule awa ali ndi khungu laimvi komanso m'mimba wopepuka.

Nthawi zambiri pamakhala mzere wakuda womwe umabwera mpaka kumaso ndi kuphimba khosi la chala, motero umapanga malire. Fungo lonunkhira, losasangalatsa la nyama yokongola pang'ono pang'onopang'ono limalepheretsa anthu omwe amadana nazo ("fungo lokhalo" limafanana ndi hydrogen sulfide).

Kodi pipa amakhala kuti?

Malo okondedwa a chule awa ndi matupi amadzi okhala ndi madzi ofunda komanso amatope, osasiyanitsidwa ndi mphamvu yamphamvu. Kuphatikiza apo, kuyandikira kwa munthu sikumamuwopseza - nsonga za Surinamese zimakhala pafupi ndi malo okhala anthu, nthawi zambiri zimawoneka kuti sizili kutali ndi malo olimapo (makamaka m'mitsinje yothirira). Nyamayi imangokhala yamatope pansi - kwakukulu, kosanjikiza ndi malo osungirako.

Zamoyo zodabwitsa zoterezi zimakhala m'gawolo, ndipo. Pamenepo amawaganiziridwa kuti "opambana amoyo onse a madzi oyera" - mapiri a Surinamese amakhala ndi moyo wamadzi. Achule awa amatha kuwoneka mosavuta osati kokha mumitundu yonse yamadziwe, komanso m'mitsinje yothirira yomwe ili paminda.

Ngakhale chilala chotalika sichitha kuwakakamiza kuti akwawire panthaka yolimba - pipa amakonda kukhala pansi m'maenje owuma. Koma limodzi ndi nyengo yamvula kwa iwo akuyamba thambo lenileni - achule amatenga miyoyo yawo mokwanira, kuyenda ndi madzi amvula kudzera mumvula yamvula.

Chodabwitsa kwambiri ndi chikondi champhamvu kwambiri cha Pip Surinamese wamadzi - chifukwa chakuti nyama izi zimakhala ndi mapapu olimba komanso khungu loyipa, loyipa (zizindikiro izi ndizodziwika bwino za nyama zapadziko lapansi). Thupi lawo limafanana ndi tsamba laling'ono lathyathyathya lokhala ndi ngodya zakuthwa mbali zake. Kusintha kwa mutu m'thupi sikunafotokozeredwe. Maso akuyang'ana mokweza.

Malo okhala anthuwa asanduka malo ananso a pezi za Surinamese. Ngakhale mawonekedwe osawoneka bwino komanso fungo la hydrogen sulfide, anthu omwe amawakonda amasangalala kubereka achule onyenga awa kunyumba. Amavomereza kuti zonsezi ndizosangalatsa komanso zothandiza kutsatira njira yonyamula mphutsi ndi mkazi akabadwa ndi ma tadpoles.

Zikatero, ngati mutawerenga nkhaniyi mukamumvera chisoni chifukwa cha Surinamese peep ndikuganiza zoyamba kutengera chule kunyumba, ndiye kuti mwakonza malo otsogola. Mmodzi wa ma amphibian ayenera kukhala ndi madzi okwanira 100 malita. Kwa aliyense wotsatira - buku lofanana. Koma ndizomwe zili apo - likukhalira kuti Pipa Surinamese kuthengo kokha amatha kuzolowera chilichonse. Ali mu ukapolo, amakhala ndi nkhawa kwambiri, kuti nyama iyi ibereke ana, ayenera kupatsidwa zinthu zingapo.

Izi zikuphatikiza :

kuonetsetsa kuti mpweya wam'madzi ukhazikika,
kutentha kosalekeza. Kusintha kwa mfundo ndizovomerezeka pamtunda kuchokera pa 28С mpaka 24С,
Zakudya zosiyanasiyana. Achule awa safunika kudyetsedwa osati chakudya chouma chamadzi amumadzi, komanso ndi ma fumbi, mphutsi za tizirombo touluka m'madzi ndi tizinthu tatsopano tomwe timapanga nsomba.

Kupanga Surinamese pipa yemwe akukhala m'madzi am'madzi kukhala omasuka momwe angathere, mchenga wokhala ndi miyala yabwino komanso mwala wamtchire uyenera kuthiridwa pansi.

Kodi pipa amadya chiyani?

Ndi zala zake zamphamvu komanso zazitali zopezeka pamphumi pake, nyalugwe imamasula dothi ndikuyang'ana chakudya, kenako ndikuitumiza kukamwa kwake. Amadzithandizira pantchito yabwinoyi ndikumakula m'miyendo yake. Popeza kuti amafanana ndi nyenyezi, chule ameneyu amatchedwa "galu wa nyenyezi". Zakudya za chule cha Surinamese zimakhala ndi mitundu yotsalira yomwe ili pansi penipeni penipeni pa nkhokwe, pansi.

Kuphatikiza apo, pipa amadya :

nsomba zazing'ono ndi mwachangu,
mbozi zam'madzi.

Achule a Pipa pafupifupi samasaka chilichonse. Mosiyana ndi achule wamba, omwe ife tinkakonda kuwona, samakhala mchithaphwi ndipo samagwira tizilombo touluka ndimalilime awo atali. Inde, ali ndi khungu loyipa, kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa mapapu, koma Surinamese pipa amangodya mwakukumba mozama mu siltali, kapena kungokhala m'madzi.

Ponena za nyengo yamvula, ofufuza ena adazindikira momwe nyengo yamvula imakhalira, anthu aku South America amawoneka m'mphepete mwa nyanja ndikuyenda maulendo ataliatali kuti akapeze mapaunda ofunda ndi auve omwe ali pafupi. Pomwepo amatenthetsera ndi kuphimba ndi dzuwa.

Tsopano mukudziwa kudyetsa achule a pipa. Tiwone momwe amakhalira kuthengo.

Mawonekedwe a machitidwe ndi moyo wawo

Monga achule ena ambiri otentha, pakuchepa kapena kuyanika kunja kwa matupi amadzi, Pipa Surinamese imakhala nthawi yayitali m'malo opanda uve, osaya matope kapena poyambira, kudikirira moleza mtima nthawi zoyambira. Pochita mantha, amphibian mwachangu amadzera pansi, kukumba mozama mozama.

Ndikosatheka kuti musangokhala pamayendedwe azikhalidwe zamiseche. Mwachitsanzo, ma tadpoles olimba amakonda kufika pamwamba pa madzi ndikumagwira mpweya wabwino wopatsa moyo posachedwa. "Ochoka" ofooka, m'malo mwake, amagwera pansi ndikuyandama pansi ndikuyesa kokha 2-3.

Mapapu awo atatseguka, nthenga zimatha kusambira mozungulira. Kuphatikiza apo, panthawiyi akuwonetsa machitidwe - osavuta kuthawa ndikupeza chakudya. Chule, chomwe m'mbuyomu chinkanyamula mazira kumbuyo kwake, tadpoles itatuluka, imakola miyala, ndikufuna kuchotsa mazira obwezeretsanso mazira. Pambuyo pa molting, mkazi wokhwima mwakugonana amakhalanso wokonzeka kukhwima.

Mapaipi amadyetsedwa kuyambira masiku awiri amoyo wawo. Zakudya zawo zazikulu (ziribe kanthu momwe zimamvekera) ndi ma ciliates ndi mabakiteriya, chifukwa mwa mtundu wawo wa zakudya amakhala osasefera (monga ma mussels). Nettle ufa ndi abwino kudyetsa akapolo. Kuberekanso ndi kukulitsa bomba la Surinamese kumachitika pa T (mu vivo) kuyambira 20 mpaka 30 ° C ndi kuuma osapitilira 5 mayunitsi.

Kapangidwe ka anthu ndi kubereka

Amphongo ochita zachiwerewere amapanga kumveka kwinakwake, kumamuwuza mkaziyo kuti ali wokonzeka kumupangitsa kukhala wokondweretsa komanso wosangalatsa kukhala ndi nthawi. Amuna ndi akazi amaseweretsa magule aukwati pansi pamadzi (munthawi imeneyi, wina ndi mnzake “amawunikidwa”). Chikazi chimayikira mazira angapo - limodzi ndi izi, "wosankhidwa wake" amawatsanulira ndi madzi ake akumimba.

Pambuyo pake, njirayi imagona pansi, pomwe mazira okhathamira amagwera mwachindunji kumbuyo kwake ndipo amatsatira iye. Wamphongo amatenga nawo mbali mu njirayi, kukanikiza mazira kwa mnzake ndi miyendo yake yakumbuyo. Pamodzi, zimatha kugawa nawo mosiyanasiyana m'maselo omwe ali kumbuyo konse kwa mkazi. Chiwerengero cha mazira amodzi mu mawonekedwe amodzi amasiyana kuchokera pa 40 mpaka 144.

Nthawi yoti chuleyo ibereke ana ake ndi masiku 80. Kulemera kwa "katundu" ndi mazira omwe ali kumbuyo kwa mzimayi kuli pafupifupi magalamu 385 - kunyamula zomangira za pipa kuzungulira koloko ndi ntchito yovuta kwambiri. Ubwino wa mtunduwu posamalira ana uli m'lingaliro loti pomaliza kupanga mapangidwe omanga, umakutidwa ndi kadzenje kowopsa koteteza khungu lomwe limapereka chitetezo chodalirika. Kuzama kwa maselo komwe caviar imayikidwa mpaka 2 mm.

Kukhala, makamaka, m'thupi la amayi, maimelo amalandira kuchokera mthupi lake zonse zomwe amafunikira kuti chitetezeke. Magawano omwe amalekanitsa mazira kuchokera kwa wina ndi mnzake amalowetsedwa ndi zotengera - kudzera mwa iwo mpweya ndi zosungunuka zimalowa mu mbewu. Kwina kwina mu masabata 11 mpaka 12 achinyamata pe pe achinyamata amabadwa kale. Kufika pa ukalamba ndi zaka 6 zokha. Nyengo ya kuswana ikugwirizana ndi nyengo yamvula. Izi sizodabwitsa, chifukwa pipa, monga wopanda chule wina, amakonda madzi.

Adani achilengedwe amabwera

Pipa Surinamese ndiwothandizadi kwa omwe amadya padziko lapansi komanso anthu ochulukirapo okhala ndi nyama zazikuluzikulu. Ponena za mbalame - nthawi zambiri achule amenewa amadzisangalatsa ndi oimira mabanja, ndipo. Nthawi zina amadyedwa ndi adokowe, mahule, heron. Nthawi zambiri, mbalame zodziwika bwino komanso zodziwika bwinozi zimatha kugwira nyama ikauluka.

Koma chiwopsezo chachikulu ndichopezeka ku Surinamese pipa, makamaka pipa yamadzi (monganso aliyense wokhala pachilumba chilichonse). Kuphatikiza apo, ngakhale kubisala kokongola sikawathandiza pano - pofunafuna, nyama zapamtunda zimakonda chidwi champhamvu komanso tanthauzo la kutentha komwe kumakhala ndi zinthu zamoyo. Maboti akuluakulu siosangalalanso kukadya phwando lotere.

Komanso, ngati achikulire ali ndi mwayi wopulumutsa miyoyo yawo pothawa mwachangu kapena pobisalira wowathamangitsa, ndiye kuti malembawo alibe chodzitchinjiriza. Ambiri a iwo amafa, kukhala chakudya cha tizilombo tokhala m'madzi, njoka, nsomba ngakhalenso chinjoka. Mokulira, aliyense wokhala m'malo otentha "adzawona kuti ndi mwayi" kudya phwando.

Chinsinsi chokha chopulumuka ndi kuchuluka - kokha kuti Pipa wachikazi wa ku Surinamese akaikira mazira pafupifupi 2000, amapulumutsa mtunduwo ku chiwonongeko ndikuulola kuti uwonongeke.

Chiwerengero cha anthu ndi mitundu

Pipa amagawidwa makamaka m'mphepete mwa mitsinje ya South America. Achule awa amatha kuwoneka pafupifupi m'maiko onse a kontrakitala iyi. Akatswiri ena owonera zinyama adazindikira kukhalapo kwa achule awa. Malire ofukula ndi ofikira mpaka 400 metre pamwamba pa nyanja (ndiye kuti nsonga za surinamese zimapezeka ngakhale pamalo okwera).

Ngakhale kuti Pipa Surinamese adasankhidwa kuti ndi gulu la nyama zam'madzi zambiri, chule ameneyu amadziwika kuti ndi wamadzi am'madzi - mwa kuyankhula kwina, amakhala nthawi zonse m'madzi, zomwe zimachepetsa kwambiri kuchuluka kwa anthu amtunduwu. Pipa Surinamskaya amakonda malo osungirako madzi osayenda kapena kuyenda pang'onopang'ono - malowa amatenga mitsinje yambiri yobwerera, komanso maiwe ndi madamu ang'onoang'ono. Achule amabisala mwaluso m'm masamba agwa, ndikuphimba pansi pazosungira. Chifukwa choti pamtunda amasuntha kwambiri ndipo (mosiyana ndi achule ena ambiri) samatha kudumphira mtunda wautali, anthu omwe ali kunja kwa dziwe amakhala osavuta kuwapeza.

Ponena za momwe zachilengedwe zilili, lero kuchuluka kwa Surinamese pipa ndi mphamvu zake zimawoneka kuti ndizokhazikika. Ngakhale kuchuluka kwa adani achilengedwe komanso chiwonetsero cha anthropogenic, mitunduyi imapezeka kawirikawiri. Palibe chowopsa pakukula kwa mitundu iyi, ngakhale m'malo ena pakhala kuchepa kwa anthu chifukwa cha ntchito zaulimi za anthu komanso kubwezeretsanso madera. Pipa Surinamese palibe mndandanda wazamoyo zomwe zikuopseza kuchuluka, umapezeka m'malo osungirako.

Pipa Surinamese imasiyana ndi ena onse oimira amphibian m'njira zambiri - kokha kokha ilibe lilime lalitali lopangidwira kugwira tizilombo, mulibe ma membala ndi zibwano pamiyendo yake. Koma ali womasuka kwambiri ndipo opambana onse amasamalira ana, atanyamula mazira kumbuyo kwake.

Ndiwosangalatsa komanso mwayi wopezeka padziko lapansi momwe anthu amakhalamo. M'nyumba za anthu, m'madzi amchere oyera mumakhala anthu ambiri, momwe mumakhala nsomba zowala kwambiri.

Zocheperako mumatha kuwona malo amchere amchere amchere okhala ndi zodabwitsa za nyanja zotentha.

Zachidziwikire, ndizosangalatsa kuyang'ana nsomba, koma sizichita chilichonse chapadera. Ndipo malo okhala m'madzi amakhala ponseponse, mpaka amaleka kudabwitsidwa. Chilichonse chimatha kusinthidwa ngati muli ndi munthu wachilendo yemwe angakhale wosangalatsa kuonera.

M'malo mwa nsomba, mutha kuyika chida cha pipa m'malo am'madzi, omwe samapezeka kawirikawiri ndi asitikali achi Russia.

Surinamese pipa ndi chikhodzodzu chomwe chimakhala m'madziwe ang'onoang'ono ku Ecuador, Bolivia, Suriname, Peru ndi Brazil. Amakhala m'madzi, pamtunda amayenda pang'onopang'ono komanso mosasangalatsa.

Moyo wachilengedwe

Ziphuphu kukhazikika m'madziwe ang'onoang'ono, ngalande zothirira. Pipa samachoka m'malo am'madzi moyo wonse. Kuti apeze chakudya, pipa wokhala ndi miyendo yake yakutsogolo amakumba pansi panthaka ndipo chakudya chokwanira ndikwanira chifukwa cha phokoso lokwezeka. Kodi amatha kudya zinthu zosakhazikika.

Kuti mukhale ndi moyo wabwino, ma batu awiri ali ku ukapolo amafunikira madzi akuluakulu. Kuyambira 100 mpaka 300 malita. Pansi pa aquarium amaphimbidwa ndi miyala ing'onoing'ono, ngakhale amachita bwino popanda iyo. Zomera ndi zokhalamo ndi zokumba zingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati zokongoletsera.

Aquarium iyenera kukhala ndi fyuluta yamphamvu. Mapaipi amafunika madzi ofunda, kutentha kwake osatsika kuposa + 27º С. Nyama zachilendozi zimatha kudyetsedwa ndi chakudya chamoyo cham'madzi akulu ndi nsomba zazing'ono.

Kodi pamakhala phula lodziwika bwino la pipa?

Chodabwitsa chokhudza chala cha pipa ndi momwe imaberekera. Achule aang'ono amawonekera mwachindunji kuchokera kumbuyo kwa mayi wa chule. Ndipo izi si ma tadpoles, koma achule opangidwa bwino. Ndipo chiwerengero chawo sichili m'modzi kapena awiri, koma pafupifupi zana.

Mwachiwonekere, maonekedwe a achule sangathe kutchedwa kuti mwana wobala. Mazira amakula ngati ma amphibians ena onse. Kusiyanaku ndikuchokera komwe amapanga.

Kuti achule aoneke, makolo onse awiri amatenga nawo mbali pa njirayi. Akaziwo akangoyikira mazira, yamphongo imanyamula ndikuiika kumbuyo kwa mkaziyo mumkono wapadera, womwe umawonekera pipa pakubala.

Chifukwa chake yamphongo imachita ndi mazira onse, ndipo pamakhala zidutswa 50 mpaka 150. Pofuna kukonza mazira kumbuyo kwa mkazi, amawakanikiza ndi m'mimba mwake.

Zingwe momwe mazira amapezekera zimakulira kukula ndikufanana ndi zisa za uchi. Kuchokera pamwamba pa mazira, chifukwa cha kuyanika, chivundikiro chowonekera kwambiri chimapangidwa. Muli ma recesses-zisa omwe achule amtsogolo amakula, akudutsa magawo onse a chitukuko cha amphibians.

Choyamba, mluza umawonekera, ndipo pakapita nthawi umakhala tadpole. Kukula kopitilira kumachitika pakukweza komweko. Mafoloko amakhala achule ang'onoang'ono.

Kukula ndi kusasitsa kwa mazira m'madzi ofunda kumachitika masiku 10-12. Ngati madzi ofundira kutentha kwa mwana wosabadwayo amachepetsa mpaka masiku 15.

Ikakwana nthawi yoti alowe mdziko la achikulire, nsapato zazing'ono zimakweza chivundikiro, chomwe panthawiyo chayamba kale kutuluka, ndikutuluka pang'onopang'ono kumbuyo kwa mayi wa chule.

Achule amphamvu amachoka msanga kumbuyo kwa amayi, achule ofooka amachoka pang'onopang'ono, nthawi zambiri ali ndi miyendo yakumbuyo kutsogolo.

Ana, kusiya chisa chawo, amasambira mwachangu kupita kumtunda kuti ayambe kupuma. Pakupita ntsiku ziwiri, atoma kudya okha.

Achule onse atasiya misana yawo, yaikazi imayamba kupukusa msana kuyala ndi miyala, ndikuchotsa zotsalira za zigamba za mazira. Mwa njira, mutatha kusungunuka, pipa toad Surinamese yakonzeka kukhwima kwatsopano.

Pipa Corvalho, ndiye pipa wakuda waku Brazil - chule yemwe samawona bwino, koma miyendo yake yolimba imamuthandiza kudziwa dziko lapansi.

Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe a Surinamese pipa

Mbali yodziwika bwino ya amphibians ndi kapangidwe ka thupi lake. Ngati mukuyang'ana chithunzi cha Pipa Surinamese, mungaganize kuti chule adachita mwangozi pansi pa madzi oundana. Thupi loonda, lathyathyathya lofanana ndi tsamba lakale la mtengo kuposa wokhalamo wokhala m'madzi otentha a mtsinje wotentha.

Mutu umakhala ndi mawonekedwe atatu, ndipo umapangidwanso, monga thupi. Maso ang'ono, opanda eyelope, ali pamwamba pa muzzle. Ndizosangalatsa kuti achule amasenda lilime losowa ndi mano. M'malo mwake, pakona pakamwa, chikhalacho chili ndi zigamba za khungu zofanana ndi ma tententi.

Kutsogolo kwake kumatha ndi zala zina zazitali zopanda zibowo, popanda nembanemba, monga zilili ndi achule wamba. Koma miyendo yakumbuyo imakhala ndi makatani amkati mwamphamvu pakati pa zala. Izi zimalola nyama yachilendo kuti ikhale yolimba pansi pamadzi.

Kukhala ndi maso osawona bwino, zala zanzeru zimathandizira peepe kuyenda pansi pamadzi

Thupi la munthu wamba limaposa 12 cm, komanso lilinso ndi zimphona, kutalika kwake kungafikire masentimita 20. Chikopa cha Surinamese pipa ndichopanda, chopindika, nthawi zina chimakhala ndi mawanga akuda kumbuyo kwake.

Utoto wake umakhala wosiyana ndi mitundu yowala, nthawi zambiri imakhala ya khungu laimvi yokhala ndi m'mimba opepuka, nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi chingwe chakuda chobwera kudzafika pakhosi ndikuzungulira khosi. Kuphatikiza pa kusowa kwenikweni kwa data yakunja, pipa "inapatsa" chilengedwe fungo lamphamvu lofanana ndi fungo la hydrogen sulfide.

Surinamese pipa - kufotokoza, kapangidwe ndi chithunzi.

Maonekedwe a Surinamese pipa ndi achilendo. Thupi pafupifupi lachiberekero limakhala lalitali masentimita 12 mpaka 20 ndipo limasunthidwa kotero kuti nthawi zambiri limafanana ndi pepala la zikopa kapena tsamba lakucha la mtengo. Komanso, zazimuna ndizochepa poyerekeza ndi zazikazi ndipo zimasiyana mu thupi lathyathyathya. Mutu wa Surinamese pipa ndiwopindika patatu, komanso woyatsidwa. Maso a Convex ndi ang'ono kwambiri, opanda mawonekedwe a eyel, amapezeka pafupi ndi pakamwa.

Surinamese pipa imasiyana ndi abale ake apamtima, achule, chifukwa chosowa mano. Lilime la Pipa silimawonedwa. Pamaso pa maso ndi pakamwa pakamwa, munthu wokalamba uyu amakhala ndi khungu lofanana ndi ma tentpaper pang'ono. Mbali yodziwika bwino ya abambo a Surinamese pipa ndi bokosi lachiwonetsero cha mawonekedwe apamwamba kwambiri a pharynx.

Thupi la Surinamese pipa limakutidwa ndi khungu loyera, lotumbika lamtundu wachikasu, imvi kapena lofiirira. Mimba ya amphibian imakhala yowala pang'ono, nthawi zina imakongoletsedwa ndi mawanga oyera kapena mzere wakuda womwe umayenda m'mimba. Khungu kumbuyo kwa akuluakulu limakulungidwa ndi makwinya, ndipo mwa akazi achikulire imakhala ndi ma cellular.

Kutsogolo kwa Surinamese pipa kumasiyanitsidwa ndi zala zazitali zazitali, zopanda zibwano ndi nembanemba. Zovala zofanana ndi ma asterisks zimakula kumapeto kwa chala chilichonse, ndichifukwa chake pipa amatchedwa nyenyezi-galu. Kapangidwe kamafupipidwe kameneka kumathandizira kuti nyamayo ichotse matope pansi ndikupeza china chake kuchokera pamenepo. Miyendo yakumbuyo ndi pipa, monga achule ambiri kapena mikanda, yolimba kwambiri, yolimba kwambiri kuposa kutsogolo ndipo yokhala ndi ziwalo zosambira.

Nthambi za Surinamese zimaperekanso fungo losasangalatsa lotikumbutsa utsi wa hydrogen sulfide.

Kodi Surinamese pipa amakhala kuti?

Suriname Pipa ndi zozizwitsa zachilengedwe zomwe zimakonda madzi am matope ndipo zimangokhala m'mitsinje yoyenda pang'onopang'ono, komanso m'madziwe, mitsinje yothirira ndi malo osungira nyama ku South America: ku Colombia, Venezuela, Bolivia, Brazil, Guyana, French Guiana, Republic of Suriname , Ecuador, Peru. Komanso, anthu amapezeka kum'mwera ndi kum'mawa kwa chisumbu cha Trinidad.

Njira yopumira ya Surinamese pipa imapangidwa bwino, koma ngakhale zili chonchi, nyama zimakhala ndi moyo wamadzi kwathunthu: pachilala amakhala m'matumba owuma pang'ono, ndipo kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yamvula amayenda mosangalala kudutsa madzi osefukira a chigwa cha Amazon.

Surinamese pipa: kubereka.

Izi zimakwanitsa zaka 6 ndikubereka. Nthawi yobala ya Surinamese pipa nthawi zambiri imangokhala nthawi yamvula. Pofunafuna chachikazi, abambo amatulutsa mawu ofotokozera, monga kufinya kwa wotchi yokhala ndi kukokana kwachitsulo. Nthawi zambiri, ochita mpikisano amalimbana okhaokha, akukankha ndi manja awo aatali.

Kubwezeretsanso kwa Suripaese pipa ndichinthu chosangalatsa kwambiri, chosazolowereka komanso chosiyanitsa cha ma amphibians awa. Masewera olimbitsa thupi amatenga madzi amatope, ndipo champhongo, monga zamphongo zonse zopanda zingwe, zimapanga mayeso angapo achikazi. Wamphongo, yemwe sanakonzekere kukhwima, amasulidwa nthawi yomweyo. Wamkazi wamkazi wokhwima pang'ono akamakumbatira nthawi yomweyo amayamba kuzimiririka, ndipo kunjenjemera pang'ono kumazungulira thupi. Pambuyo pa chizindikiritso chotere, champhongo chimaphimbiradi mkazi kuchokera kumwamba ndi kutsogolo, ndipo mwa izi banjali limatha kukhala usana ndi usiku.

Asanachite izi, ophatikizanawo amatembenukira mozondoka, ali pafupi kwambiri ndi madzi, ndipo bambo wamwamuna wa Surinamese pipa ali pansi, mwachindunji pansi pa kumbuyo kwa mkazi. Kutumphuka kumachitika pang'ono, ndipo champhongo chifukwa cha izi chimadina pachimake cha chikazi chakumbuyo: koyambirira, kuchokera ku cloaca, pipa amawonekera mazira 6 achikasu achikasu ndi mainchesi 6-7. Mothandizidwa ndi mphamvu yokoka, mazira amagwera pamimba yamphongo, yomwe imawakonza. Kenako biralo limatembenuka kuti likhale labwinobwino, njirayo imasambira, mazira pang'onopang'ono kumakhala kumbuyo kwake, ndipo champhongo, ndikumakhala ndi thupi ndi miyendo yakumbuyo, chimayikira mazira kumbuyo kwa mkazi.

Ngati mkazi wa ku Surinamese pipa amakhala mayi kwanthawi yoyamba, ndiye kuti pakukwiya pakhungu kuzungulira dzira lililonse selo lama hexagonal lakuya masentimita 1-1,5 ndi valavu kuchokera kumimba ya dzira imapangidwa - mtundu wa chofungatira cha ana mtsogolo. Manda omwe amagawanitsa maselo ndi owonda kwambiri komanso olemera m'mitsempha yamagazi. Zomwe ndizosangalatsa: nditatha umuna woyamba, kumbuyo kwa mkazi wa Surinamese pipa amakhalabe wamoyo kwa moyo wonse.

Kubzala pipa kumachitika kwa maola 10-12, ndikutalika kwa mphindi 10-15, ndipo apa mwamunayo akuyenera kuchita ndi chikumbumtima chake. Ndi miyendo yake yakumbuyo, yamphongo imasonkhanitsa mazira kuchokera kumbali yaikazi ndikugona ngakhale, mizere yoyera, yopingasa komanso yopingasa popanda kudutsa kamodzi. Kukula ndi kusimba kwa mtsogolo anyamata achichepere a Surinamese zimatengera momwe kuyika mazira kumbuyo kwa mkazi kukhala kopambana.

Wamphongo alibe nthawi yoti atole caviar inayake kuchokera ku Surinamese pipa, ndipo imagwera pansi kapena kumatirira kumadzi am'madzi. Tsoka ilo, popanda zinthu zapadera zomwe zimapangidwa kokha kumbuyo kwa mayiyo, caviar sangathe kukula motero kuwonongeka.

Gawo lomaliza la caviar likasesedwa ndi kuyikidwa, khungwalo limatha kukhala mazira 40 mpaka 144. Atamaliza ntchito yake, yamphongo ya ku Surinamese imasambira, ndipo wamkazi amayembekeza nthawi yakuberekera kwamasabata 11 mpaka 12, pomwe ana amakula bwino pamsana wamayi. Pakupita maola ochulukirapo, timabowo tambiri timene timakhala pachikumbuyo la mayiyo, timene timatupa masana kuti mazira onse amizidwa kwathunthu mu chinthuchi, kusiya masamba ake pamwamba.

Munthawi ya makulidwe, mwana wamwamuna wa Surinamese pipa amapanga dzira lililonse. Anawo akamakula, timitsempha tating'onoting'ono timachulukana. Mazira a Pipa ali ndi nsapato zambiri za yolk ndipo amafika pamtunda wa 6-7 mm. Kumayambiriro kwa kakulidwe kake, dzira lililonse limalemera pafupifupi 2.95 g, ndipo pofika kumapeto, limakula mpaka 3.37 g Patatha pafupifupi masiku 80, pipa wopangidwa mokwanira bwino amatuluka kuchokera pansi pake, kenako amatuluka mosamala, atakonzeka yekha wa moyo. Amasiyidwa kuchokera kwa ana, mayi amayeretsa zotsalira za mazira pamiyala ndi zimayambira, zimasungunula ndikupeza khungu latsopano mpaka nthawi yotsatira yakukhwima.

Chule wa Spur (Xenopus levis).

Kufotokozera. Mutu umakhala wocheperako, wothinikizika, mawonekedwe ndi ofupika, ozungulira, maso atukutsidwa. Pali ulusi wamfupi wamaso pafupi ndi diso, womwe umakhala ndi mawanga amdima ndipo mikwingwirima imapita kumbali za thupi, anus mwa akazi imabisidwa ndi makola. Miyendo yakumbuyo imakhala yolimba, yopangidwa mwamphamvu, nembanemba pakati pa zala, zala zimatha ndi zikhadabo zakuda zakuda, pomwe achule amaswa nyama. Zolembazo ndizafupifupi, zala zazitali zopanda nembanemba, matako amatembenukira mkati. Kumbuyo ndi mbali zake ndi zofiirira ndi mawanga amdima ndi malo. Fomu ya albino imapezekanso - pinkish-lalanje ndi maso ofiira. Kutalika kwa thupi la achule a Spur kuli mpaka masentimita 8. Pakatikati pa chule la Spur, m'mphepete, pali zowoneka bwino, zokhala ndi tsitsi laling'ono.

Kuberekera kwa achule a Spur

Asanakhwime, yamphongo imakhala ndi mikwingwirima yakuda m'mbali mwa zala ndi m'mbali mwa zala zawo. Amuna amatulutsa "tick -ick" chete, kokumbukira kulira kwa wotchi. Kuyimbirana kwamphongo kwa abambo ndi nyimbo. Yaimuna ikamakulunga wamkazi kumbuyo. Patatha ola limodzi, kuyikira mazira kumayamba. Mazira onse amaikidwa payekhapayekha pamtengo wa mbewuyo. Posachedwa, mawonekedwe akunja a chipolopolo amayamba kulimba ngati zida. Pambuyo pa masiku awiri (kutentha 22-25-25 С), mphutsi.

Choyamba, ma tadpoles amapachika pazomera, makoma a aquarium. Patatha maola awiri atasokoneza, mphutsi zimayamba kupuma pang'ono, nthawi ndi nthawi kusambira mpaka kumadzi ndi kumeza mpweya. Kuyambira tsiku lachinayi m'makona amkamwa amawoneka "mavuvu" ataliitali - ulusi. Nthawi zambiri amawongolera kutsogolo kokha ndikusunthira kumbuyo ndikubwerera m'mbuyo. M'madzi amatope obiriwira, "masharubu" ooneka ngati ofunika ndi ofunikira, chifukwa ndizovuta kuwona zoopsa ndi maso.

M'malo mochita kutaya mkati, tadpole imakhala ndi zida zosefera zomwe zimayamwa madzi kudzera pakamwa. Alicleular algae ndi ciliates zing'onozing'ono zimasefa kunja kwa madzi.

Kunyumba, ma tadpoles amakhala ndi sipinachi yophika ndi saladi. Unyinji umaphwanyidwa (mwachitsanzo, umakololedwa kupyola colander) kuti ukhale wofanana pang'onopang'ono ndipo umasungunuka pang'ono pang'ono m'madzi.

Pambuyo pamiyezi iwiri kapena itatu, ma tadpoo amakhala ndi miyendo inayi, thupi limakhala opaque. Chule chokhala ndi tchirechi chimasungidwa kale pamasamba pazomera ndi pansi. Muyenera kudyetsa moyo Daphnia. Kuyambira mwezi wachinayi, achule amatha kupatsidwa nyama yokonzedwa (amayenera kudulidwa palinso ulusi), kenako - kudula mutizidutswa tating'ono. Achule amafikira kutha msamba mchaka chachitatu cha moyo.

Hymenochirus (Hymenochirus boettgery).

Kufotokozera. Chaching'ono kwambiri - kutalika kwa thupi ndi masentimita 3.5-4. Kunja amafanana ndi Shportsovye wachichepere, koma matupi awo ndiwotalikirapo, miyendo yake ndi yopyapyala, kupindika kulongosoledwa, kumapeto kwa mphuno zake. Mtunduwo ndi wofanana ndi wa Shportsovyh - imvi yakuda yokhala ndi mawanga ambiri a bulauni, opepuka pamimba, m'malo ang'onoang'ono. Patsogola pali malembamo ang'onoang'ono pakati pa zala. Akazi ndi anzeru kuposa amphongo;

Khalidwe

Surinamese pipa imakhala moyo wake wonse m'madzi, nthawi zina imangopita kumtunda. Pamtunda, sichikhala nthawi yayitali, ikusunthira mwachangu ndikuyesera kuti ipulumuke.

Ndi m'madzi am'madzi ochepa okha omwe amamva phokoso, osunthika mochenjera pogwiritsa ntchito zomera zam'madzi. Mtundu wa bulauni wosawoneka bwino umapangitsa kuti ukhale wosawoneka pansi pa posungira. Maso ake ali pamwamba pamutu pake, kotero amatha kuyang'ana m'mwamba ndikuwona zonse zomwe zimachitika pamadzi.

Amatha kusinthasintha pang'ono m'chilengedwe mothandizidwa ndi ziwalo zapadera za mzere wotsatira. Kutuluka kwa magawo anayi kumapeto kwa zala zakumaso kumathandizira ngati ziwalo zakuthambo zolumikizana ndikuthandizira kuyenda momasuka m'nkhalango yamadzi.

Pipa Surinamese ndi chilombo ndipo amadyetsa makamaka tizilombo, koma pa mwayi woyamba sudzikaniza lokha kudya ndi ma invertebrates ang'ono ndi nsomba zazing'ono. Losowa mano, chule osasaka ameza nyama yake yonse. Panthawi yachilala, imayikidwa m'manda ndipo imadikirira nthawi yamvula.

Surinamese pipa moyo komanso zakudya

Kukhala moyo wake wonse m'madzi pakati pa algae, dothi ndi zigamba zowola, pipa amakhala ndi moyo wamawedza ndipo amakhala womasuka. Mawonekedwe ake ammlengalenga, thambo ndi lilime zili ponseponse.

Komabe, atatuluka mwangozi, Suripaese pipa imasanduka kukhala sloth. Ali ndi vuto, akuyesera kukwawa pang'onopang'ono, ndipo akafika pachisamba chapafupi, samachisiyanso mpaka pouma.

Chule ikakwawa kupita kumtsinje, ndiye imasankha malo omwe kulibe. Amadyasurinamesepipa makamaka mumdima. Amasaka chakudya chawo m'munsi mwa malo osungirako momwe iwo amakhalamo.

Mapaipi amasula sludge panjira ndi milomo yayitali, yazitali zinayi ndikuyang'ana chakudya pogwiritsa ntchito njira zowoneka ngati nkhata. Zomwe zimatulukira makamaka ndi nsomba yaying'ono, nyongolotsi, maukosi amwazi, chule cha ku Surinamese limapinda mkamwa mwake.

Kubalana komanso kukhala ndi moyo wautali

Chisinamizipe pe , okonzekera kuswana ndiye, thupi lake likakula mpaka kukula kwa bokosi lofananira, ndiko kuti, masentimita asanu. Ma poko-pips amafika pamiyeso yotere mchaka chachisanu ndi chimodzi cha moyo wawo. Anyamata a Pipa ndi osiyana pang'ono ndi atsikana awo okhala ndi mtundu wakuda komanso kakang'ono.

Pamalopo izi zisanayambe, ngati njonda yokongola, yamphongo imayimbira wokondedwa wake, ndikumafuula ndi kumakuwa. Mayiyo ngati sakufuna kukumana, wofatsa sadzalimbikira. Ngati wamkazi ali wokonzeka, amawuma kwakanthawi ndikuyamba kugwedezeka pang'ono. Kwa wamwamuna, machitidwe oterewa ndiowongolera kuchitapo kanthu.

Amakwatirana kuvina, kapena m'malo mwake chilichonse chomwe chimachitika, tsiku lokhalitsa limafanana ndi kuvina. Yaikazi imayamba kuwerengera mazira, yamphongo, imagwiritsa ntchito luntha wake wonse ndi ukalamba, ndikuigwira ndikuiyika mosamala mu "nyumba yaying'ono" iliyonse yomwe ili kumbuyo kwa mayi wamtsogolo.

Wamkazi amatha kuyikira mazira makumi asanu ndi limodzi mpaka zana limodzi ndi makumi asanu ndi limodzi. Koma samachita nthawi yomweyo. Pang'onopang'ono, chule amayikira mazira 10 omata, mwamunayo amawaika kumbuyo kwa mkaziyo, ndikumamamatira ndi m'mimba mwake.

Mwamunayo amaphatikiza mazira, ndipo, atayikika bwino mothandizidwa ndi miyendo yake yakumbuyo, aliyense m'nyumba mwake, akupunthira kumbuyo kwake kwa mkaziyo, ngati kuti akupukusira. Ndipo pambuyo pakupuma mphindi khumi, njirayi imabwereranso.

Mazira ena amatha kugwa pamtondo wa abambo ndikumamatira kuzomera, koma sangapatse moyo watsopano. Mayiyo akamaliza kufalikira, mwamunayo amatulutsa chiphaso chapadera kuti asindikize nyumba iliyonse mpaka ana atawonekera. Pambuyo, wanjala ndi wotopa, amasiya mnzake mpaka kalekale, pautumiki wake umakwaniritsidwa. Akazi nawonso amasambira kukafunafuna chakudya.

Pambuyo maola angapo, komwe simungathe kutuluka kuchokera pansi pa "nyumba za tadpole", chimadzimadzi china chimatuluka pansi, chomwe chimadzuka, chimadzipangira zinyalala zonse zomwe zinali kumbuyo kwa zala.

Komanso, mothandizidwa ndi unyinjiwu, mazira amachotsedwa, omwe ali ochepa komanso opanda majeremusi amachotsedwa. Pambuyo pake, pipa amamugudubuza kumtunda uliwonse kuti ayeretse dothi lonse palokha.

M'masiku makumi asanu ndi atatu otsatira, mayi woyembekezera adzanyamula mazira mokhulupirika. Manja atapangidwa mokwanira ndikukonzekera moyo wodziyimira pawokha, pamwamba pa dzira lirilonse limatupa ndi dzenje laling'ono mkati mwake.

Poyamba, imapumira mwana wosabadwa. Ndiye, kudzera mu izo, mafunde amapita. Ena amapita ndi mchira patsogolo, ena ndi mutu.

Kuchokera kumbali, poyang'ana chule mutha kuwona kuti kumbuyo kwake kuli ndi mitu ndi michira ya ana. Mapoza amapita mwachangu kunyumba kwawo ndipo omwe amakhala olimba amathamangira pamadzi kuti apume mpweya.

Ofooka, atagwa pansi kangapo, poyesanso kwinanso kusambira, komabe amakwaniritsa cholinga chawo. Kenako onse, atasonkhana mulu umodzi, amatumizidwa kumoyo watsopano, osadziwika nawo. Tsopano ayenera kudzipulumutsa okha kwa adani, kukadzifunira chakudya, kudziponya pansi pamatope.

Pa sabata lachisanu ndi chiwiri la moyo wawo, ma tchuthi ali okonzeka kusinthika ndikuyamba kusintha kukhala chule. Amakula ndi masentimita atatu mpaka anayi, choyamba miyendo yakumbuyo imapangidwa, kenako miyendo yakutsogolo ndi mchira wake zimazimiririka.

Mayi wodziwa bwino, atadzipukutira kwathunthu pamiyalayo, nataya khungu lake lakale, ali kale pachifaniziro chatsopano cha kukondwerera chikondi. Ma Surinamese pe pe amakhala m'malo abwino mpaka zaka fifitini.

Kuberekera Surinamese pipa kunyumba

Kwa okonda zosowa komanso omwe akufuna kukhala ndi chala, ayenera kudziwa kuti ikufunika malo. Chifukwa chake, Aquarium iyenera kukhala malita zana. Mukayika chiweto chanu chachilendo m'nyumba mazana atatu a lita, chikhodzicho chimakhala chosangalala kwambiri.

Palibe vuto kuti musabzale achule a aquarium, wolowera pipa adzawadyadi. Pamwambapa pamadzimadzi paphimbidwa ndi ukonde kapena chivindikiro ndi mabowo, apo ayi, chitolicho, chotseguka usiku, chitha kutuluka ndikufa.

Kutentha kwa madzi kuyenera kukhala pamalo okwanira madigiri makumi awiri ndi asanu. Mutha kumwa madzi ampopi okhathamiritsa. Komanso, siziyenera kukhala zamchere, komanso zokhala ndi mpweya wabwino. Pansi pa aquarium mutha kuphimbidwa ndi miyala yokongola, kuyika masamba aliwonse kumtunda kukongola, chule sangadye mwanjira iliyonse.

Muyenera kumudyetsa ndi nyongolotsi yayikulu yamagazi, mwachangu, nyansi, daphnia, hamarus. Simungapatse nyama yayikulu yaiwisi. Pipa ndi munthu wanzeru kwambiri wolemba zam'madzi, amadzadya zofunikira zonsezo.

Chifukwa chake, onetsetsani kuchuluka kwa chakudya kuti muchepetse kunenepa kwambiri. Ngati kunenepa kwambiri kumayamba ngakhale ali mwana, matalala a chule amakhala opunduka ndipo chimbulu chonyansa chimamera kumbuyo.

Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti Surinamese peeps ndiyanyazi, palibe chifukwa chomwe muyenera kugogoda pagalasi la aquarium ndi chilichonse. Pochita mantha, imathamangira uku ndi uku ndipo ikhoza kuwonongeka mwamphamvu ndi khoma lake.

Kodi ma pizi amadya chiyani?

Mwa chikhalidwe cha chakudya chawo, amafika kwa achule a Spur: ana amatenga chakudya chokhacho (enchitrea, chifuwa, nyongolotsi), akulu (kuyambira mwezi wachitatu wa moyo) mofunitsitsa amadya nyama ndi nsomba.

Gimenokhirusy, monga mukudziwa, moyo wawo wonse amakonda chakudya chamoyo. Mapaipi amatenga chakudya chouma mokwanira (daphnia, gammarus) kuchokera pamadzi, amathanso kumwa - mwachitsanzo, tetra-min.

Amadya kwambiri komanso mwachidwi, kukhala ndi mafuta patsogolo pawo, Kudyetsa kwambiri ndi chimodzi mwazomwe zimapangitsa kuti kubereka.

Kusindikizidwa kwa Pipa Carvalho

Kuberekanso ndikukula kwa P.carvalhoi nthawi zambiri kumayenda ndi madzi ndi kuwuma kwa 5 ° pa kutentha kwa 20-30 ° С. Madzi ovuta ndi osayenera. A P.carvalhoi ndiwokonda kwambiri amateurs, makamaka chifukwa chodabwitsa kubereka. Amuna ndi ocheperako kuposa achikazi, akaonedwa kuchokera kumbali, amawoneka osalala, nthawi zina mtundu wawo umakhala wakuda. Kugwidwa kwamphongo kwaikazi kumachitika chimodzimodzi monga momwe zimaphatikizira amisili onse opanda zingwe.

Choyamba chimabwera angapo mayesero obisika. Ngati wamkazi sanakonzekere, mwamunayo amutulutsa. Wamkazi womaliza panthawi yogwidwa, dzanzi limadutsa thupi lake, atalandira chizindikiro ichi, champhongo chimatseka kutsogolo. Pamenepa, achule amatha kusambira masana. Nthawi zambiri kugwidwa kumachitika usiku, ndipo matingidwe - matandala.

Awiri oyenda bwino amasambira panja ndipo mwadzidzidzi amatembenuka mozondoka 5 cm masentimita kuchokera pamwamba. Wamphongo ali pansipa, m'mimba mwake mumagona kumbuyo kwa mkazi. Pakadali pano, mazira 6 - 12 amatuluka kuchokera pachiwonetsero chachikazi, mothandizidwa ndi mphamvu yokoka, imayenda pansi ndikuyenda pang'ono (mitu ya achule pakadali pano kumbuyo kwa thupi) ndi kugwera pakati pa msana wamkazi ndi mimba yamphongo.

Nthawi yomweyo, mazira ndi umuna. Kenako achule a pipa amatembenukira pamalo awo abwinobwino ndipo pamimba yamphongo, amangolemba mazira omata kumbuyo kwa mkazi. Zochita zokhala ngati dzira zimatsatizana motsatana ndi mphindi 5 mpaka 15. Mwathunthu, achule amatembenukira nthawi 40-50. Munthawi imeneyi amagona (m'madongosolo athu) kuchokera 50 mpaka 170 mazira.

Mwachibadwa, ndewu zotsatirazi zimapatsa abambo zovuta zambiri kuposa zoyambazo: amapanga mazirawo ndi m'mimba mwake kuti agoneke kumbuyo kwa mzere, ngakhale zigamba zatsopano zimangotsala mazira ochepa. Ndi miyendo yake yakumbuyo, itanyamula kupita nayo patali, yamphongo imasonkhanitsa mazira kuchokera kumbali ya thupi la mkaziyo ndikuchokera pamutu pake ndikuwapanga m'misasa imodzi pamalo ake omata kumbuyo kwake.

Chithunzi cha Pipa achule

Mazira amodzi amagwera pansi, amamatira ku mbewu, koma samakulanso. Ngati mazira amachotsedwa kumbuyo kwa mkazi ndikuyikidwa mu chotengera chosiyana, ndiye kuti ngakhale pazoyenera kwambiri () makulidwe awo samachitika. Mwachidziwikire, kuyika mazira ndi wamwamuna kumbuyo kwa mkazi ndi imodzi mwazinthu zofunikira pakubala bwino. Pamapeto kwa kuyikira mazira, wamwamuna amasiya mkazi. Tsopano mutha kuwona bwino kupendekera konse kumusana kwake. Mazira ndi okulirapo (mpaka 1.4 mm m'mimba mwake), minyanga ya njovu (mulingo wamkamwa umasiyanasiyana), umagona mosalala.

Amapanikizidwa kumbuyo kwa chikazi pafupi kotala. Mwanjira imeneyi, wamkazi amasambira ndikuyamba kudyetsa. Popeza ndi zomata, mazira, zidutswa za mbewu, ndi zina. Zimamatirana ndi mazirawo .. Patatha maola atatu, chimera chofiirira chamtundu womwewo chimayamba kukwera kumbuyo kwa chule, wokutidwa ndi mizere yama tubercles osiyana. Masana, misa imeneyi imatupa kotero kuti mazira pafupifupi amizidwa kwathunthu mmenemo, nsonga zake zowala ndizomwe zimawoneka - china chake ngati palavalo wamiyala wakale wa miyala ya miyala.

Ndipo zomwe zili zodabwitsa, zinyalala zonse zomwe zimamatirira mazira, zinyenyeswazi, komanso mazira osabereka komanso opanda pake, zimatayidwa. Mazira akucha firiji kwa masiku 15, pa 26-27 ° C kwa 10-12.

Kusasitsa kwa dzira kumachitika mosiyanasiyana. Masiku 3-4 asanatulutsidwe tadpoles, dzenje laling'ono limakhazikika dzira lililonse lomwe madzi amalowera mluza wopumira kwambiri. Kumbuyo kwa mkazi kumakhala ngati cholembera. Patatha tsiku limodzi kapena awiri tadpoleyo isanatuluke, chipolopolo cha dzira chimatupa ndi chifuwa chachikulu chomwe chimatseguka pamwamba pake.

Zikoko Pipa

Ma tcuu amphamvu amaluka mazira, ngati malata, ndipo amapita mwachangu kumtunda kukagwira kuwuluka kwamlengalenga. Zofooka zimatuluka m'zigawo za dzira pang'onopang'ono, mutu kapena mchira patsogolo, kotero kuti msana wa mkaziyo umakhala ndi mitu ndi ma ponytails. Mapale awa amagwera pansi ndikufika pamwamba, kuyesera kawiri kapena katatu. Atagwira mlengalenga, amayamba kusambira mozungulira. Thupi lawo loyandikira limakhala ndi mulifupi mwake wa 2.5- mm, mchira wowonekera - 7-9 mm. Miphika itayikidwa m'gulu, kuthamangira kuthamangitsa adani, ikhoza kuyika m'manda mwa silt.

Ayamba kudya patsiku lachiwiri. Mapaipi ndi osefera. Zakudya zoyenera ma tadpoole achule, pipa sioyenera kubereka, zovuta ndizakuti amafunikira mabakiteriya okhala ndi mabakiteriya ndi ma ciliates kwinaku akusunga madzi atsopano. Ukalamba, makamaka wamphamvu, ndi zovulaza ma tadpoles.

Ndikosatheka kuziwasiya mu dziwe lomwe lili ndi achule akuluakulu - zimafa chifukwa cha zipsera zam'mbuyo. Chifukwa chake gawo lovuta kwambiri pakubzala biotechnology ndikupanga malo oyenera ndikudyetsa ma tadpoles. Kukula kwa ma tadpoles ndi metamorphosis kumatha masabata 6-8.

Asanakhale chule, ma tadpoles amafika kutalika kwa 35-40 mm. Choyamba, miyendo yakumbuyo imatuluka, kenako kutsogolo, mchirawo umachepetsedwa, ndipo tadpole amakhala ndi mapuloteni omwe adalimo ndipo samadyetsa pakadali pano. Pakadali pano, ndikuyenda pang'onopang'ono ndipo, titero, timapinda. Pakadali pano, ndikofunikira kumugwira ndikuwuthira padziwe la achule, pambuyo pake ndizovuta kwambiri kuchita. Kutha kwa mchira kumagwirizana ndikupanga pakamwa pa chule, ndipo amasinthana ndi zakudya zopatsa thanzi.

Pofika pano, zida zosefera zimachepa, kupuma kwa gill ndikusinthidwa ndi pulmonary ndi cutaneous. Mathero enanso a achulewo zimatengera kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamoyo (tinthu tating'onoting'ono, ma enchitrea, mikwingwirima yamagazi) ndi kutengera kwake panthawi yake kukula. Tadpoles itatuluka, chule chachikazi chimapukutira kumiyala, kuyeretsa zotsalira za zipolopolo za mazira kumbuyo, kenako molts. Kuyambira pamenepo, ali wokonzekanso kukhwima.

M. Makhlin, I. Mizgirev

Kulima nsomba ndi kusodza 1984 №2

Surinamese pipa toad ndiwosangalatsa wokhala pamadzi! Ma aquarium omwe ali mnyumbamo ndiwokongola kwambiri komanso ali ndi mwayi wopenya momwe anthu amakhalira pansi pamadzi. M'nyumba za anthu, m'madzi amchere oyera mumakhala anthu ambiri, momwe mumakhala nsomba zowala kwambiri.

Zocheperako mumatha kuwona malo amchere amchere amchere okhala ndi zodabwitsa za nyanja zotentha.

M'malo mwa nsomba, mutha kuyika chida cha pipa m'malo am'madzi, omwe samapezeka kawirikawiri ndi asitikali achi Russia.

Pipa

Kufotokozera. Thupi la achule awa limasunthidwa (makamaka mwa amuna) kuposa ku Shportsovye; mukayang'anidwa kuchokera pamwamba, mutu umakhala ngati mawonekedwe a mapa. Kumapeto kwa zala zamtsogolo, kupangika kwakapangidwe kokhala pampu kulinso kakhalidwe. Kumbuyo kwake ndi kwamtambo wonyezimira, m'mimba muli m'malo amdima. Micheto yaying'ono ndiyopepuka, m'mimba ndimayera, mutu m'munsi umada.

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