Dongosolo: Perciformes (Perciformes)
Chigawo: Perch
Banja: Cichlidae
Amakhala kunyanjako. Malawi, yomwe ili m'malo ozungulira.
Thupi limakwezedwa, kusungunuka pang'ono pambuyo pake. Pakamwa pake pamakhala milomo yokhala ndi milomo yolimba. Mapeto ake ndi aatali.
Amuna amakhala olimbirana kwambiri wina ndi mnzake, malo. Ndi zomwe amuna ambiri ali nazo, ndewu zimatuluka m'malo osanja osakwanira ndi malo osungirako - okhala ndi zotsatira zakupha. Itha kusungidwa m'madzi wamba ndi nyanja zina zooneka bwino. Malawi (makamaka 1 wamwamuna wokhala ndi akazi angapo). Dothi - mchenga, miyala kutsatsa miyala yamiyala, kuchuluka kwa mapanga ndi matako. Zomera zamphamvu zokhala ndi phesi yofupikitsa, zimapindika pamiyala.
Madzi: 24 - 28 ° C, dH 8 - 20 °, pH 7.2-8.5, kusintha kwasabata.
Dyetsani: masamba (60%), amoyo, olowa m'malo.
Mitundu ya nthunzi imangokhala nthawi yopatulira, yomwe imatha kukhala m'madzi ambiri. I. Petrovitsky (12) akuvomereza kuti tiike machubu angapo a ceramic kapena pulasitiki mu aquarium wamba. Mukangotuluka, sinthani chubu ndi chachikazi chomwe chimabisidwa kuti chikhale chofungatira. Akazi amawaza mazira (mpaka ma pc 80.) m'misala kapena pamwala, kenako amawayika mkamwa mwake.
Osadyetsa kapena kusokoneza mkazi. apo ayi amathanso kudya caviar. (Mkazi amatha kuchotsa caviar mkamwa mwake ndikusamutsira chofungatira). Nthawi ya makulitsidwe ndi masiku 17 - 26.
Chakudya choyambira: ozungulira, nauplii cyclops ndi brine shrimp.
Kutha msinkhu pa 10 - 12 miyezi.
Mitundu ya melanochromis yophatikizidwa.
Golide melanochromis. Parrot wagolide: Kusunga ndi kuswana nsomba.
Chithunzi: Melanochromis auratus
Chithunzi: Melanochromis auratus
Kukula mpaka 11 cm.
Madzi ku Lake Malawi, South Africa.
Mwamuna, thupi lakumbuyo limakhala lakuda, mwa mkazi, ndi chikasu.
Nsomba zimasungidwa m'mizinda yayikulu yamadzi yopanda malo okhala ndi malo okhala ambiri. Amuna amakhala ankhanza, makamaka kwa anzawo, chifukwa chake ndikwabwino kusungitsa wamphongo wamwamuna ndi wamkazi angapo mu aquarium. Komabe oyandikana nawo auratus nsomba zambiri zamtundu wina zimachepetsa ukali wake. Monga nthumwi zonse za ma cichlids aku Africa, machitidwe Osalekerera zovomerezeka mu aquarium. Nthawi zambiri, kuyambitsa kapena kuchotsa chophimba kumatha pomenya nkhondo. Nsomba zimadya chakudya chamoyo chilichonse komanso chouma, koma gawo lalikulu la zakudyazo liyenera kukhala zakudya zam'munda.
Madzi osunga ndi kuswana: dH pamwamba pa 10 °, pH pamwamba pa 7.0, t 22-26 ° C. Yovomerezeka madzi kusefera.
Zodedwa auratusov mu aquarium yomweyo komwe amasungidwa. Wamkazi amatenga mazira okhathamiritsa ndi manyowa mkamwa mwake. Pakadali pano, ndizosavuta kusiyanitsa ndi goggy goiter. Yaikazi nthawi zambiri imabisala pobisalira, pomwe imayenera kusamutsidwa. Panthawi ya mazira, omwe amakhala masiku 22-26, mkaziyo samadyetsedwa. Amatulutsa mwachangu.
Chakudya choyambira - Artemia ndi zazing'ono zazing'ono.
Kubalana komanso mawonekedwe
Mtundu uwu wa melanochromis nthawi zambiri umaberekedwa munyumba zam'madzi ndi mitundu m'malo owonekera. Cholinga chake ndi mtundu wolemera, wowala komanso wosadzikuza. Nthawi zina mutha kupeza kuti ma cichlids ali pamtendere, omwe nawonso amawathandizira. Amatha kubereketsa m'madzi wamba, mwachangu akamakula mkamwa mwa mkazi (mosiyana ndi arovan, pomwe wamphongo amanyamula mwachangu mkamwa). Patatha milungu itatu, ana ali okonzeka kukhala ndi moyo ndi kudya okha, kubisala m'nkhalango zamasamba komanso pakati pazokongoletsera zamadzimadzi.
Melanochromis auratus ali ndi mawonekedwe amitundu yambiri:
- owonda thupi pang'ono opanikizika pang'ono kuchokera kumbali,
- mutu waukulu wokhala ndi pakamwa yodontha yokhala ndi milomo yolimba,
- elongated dorsal fin mawonekedwe
Kutalika kwa amuna kumakhala pafupifupi masentimita 11, zazikazi ndizocheperako - mpaka masentimita 9-10.
Mtundu wa amuna ndi akazi
Amuna ndi akazi achikulire amasiyana kwambiri maonekedwe. Golide wachinyamata melanochromis ndi wachikasu wachikaso, mbali iliyonse pali mikwingwirima yakuda, ndipo yachitatu imakhala kumapeto kwa dorsal. Mzere wam'munsi umayamba kuchokera kumaso ndikufika mpaka kumapeto kwa caudal.
Pofika nthawi ya kutha msinkhu (miyezi isanu ndi umodzi ndi itatu), maonekedwe a amuna amasintha: ochenjera amachoka, ndipo amakhala akuda. Mtundu womaliza wa amuna umakhala wazaka chimodzi:
- M'mimba ndi thunthu zimachita mdima,
- mbali iliyonse pali mbali ziwiri zopepuka za utoto wamtambo wonyezimira, kuchokera ku diso mpaka kumayambiriro kwa zovala zamkati.
Akazi okhwima mwakugonana amakhalabe ndi mtundu wachikaso ndi mikwaso yakuda kwathunthu, monga zinaliri ndi iwo ali aang'ono. Mwa akazi, kumaliridwe kwa mchira kumtunda kumakongoletsedwa ndi mawonekedwe akuda pazithunzi zoyera, ndipo gawo lakelo limakhala lachikasu. Mwinanso, dzina la golide wa cichlid melanochromis limalumikizidwa ndi utoto wachikazi. Chifukwa chake, pali dzina lina la mtunduwu - Malawi wa golide wa ku Malawi.
Mtundu wa amuna ndi akazi ndi chimodzimodzi:
- khungu lalikulu laimuna ndi lakuda, chachikazi ndi golide,
- mikwingwirima m'mbali mwa amuna ndi yopepuka, ndipo mwa akazi - amdima (abulauni kapena akuda),
Ngati mungasankhe kubzala gulu la amuna ndi akazi angapo mu chimbudzi chimodzi, sankhani malo okhala ndi madzi okwanira 100 - 200 malita (osachepera). Melanochromis auratus ndi nsomba ya kumtunda. Amuna amateteza nkhanza kwawo "malo awo okhala." Khalani okonzekera kuti chifukwa cha nkhondo zazitali pakati pa amuna, ndi m'modzi yekha amene atsalira. Ndikofunika kwambiri kugula wamwamuna mmodzi wamwamuna ndi wamkazi angapo (2-4).
Chochititsa chidwi chimawonetsedwa ndi cichlid wagolide., mukadzala akazi okha. Mmodzi mwa iwo atenga mtundu wa wamwamuna, koma kugonana sikusintha, amakhalabe wamkazi.
Mukasunga auratus, aquarium imatha kukhala 60 malita. Ngati muli ndi malo ambiri owerengera, mtunduwu umatha kusungidwa limodzi ndi mitundu ya cichlids yochokera ku Tanganyika ndi Malawi. Onetsetsani kuti mukukhazika malo okhala okwanira.
Chakudya chopatsa thanzi
Melanochromis auratus nthawi zambiri amadyera, komanso amatenga chakudya chamagulu. Ndikofunika kuti musawapatse zakudya zambiri zopatsa mphamvu. Zakudya zambiri zanyama zimatha kukhumudwitsa m'matumbo, makamaka nsomba zokhala chaka chimodzi.
Chakudya Chotsimikizika cha Auratus:
- chakudya chowuma ndi spirulina,
- masamba ophika pang'ono
- nettle, dandelion ndi letesi masamba otundidwa ndi madzi otentha,
- Tetra ndi Sera amapereka zakudya zapadera za macichlids a herbivorous,
- chiweto chambiri cha chakudya chowundikira: nyongolotsi zam'madzi, machubu, ma cyclops.
Ma cichlids awa amakonda kwambiri zomera zam'madzi zomwe zimakhala ndi masamba osalala.