Ah - ichi ndi chokwawa, chimatengera njoka zopanda poyizoni. Nthawi zambiri iwo kusokoneza iye ndi njoka. Koma muyenera kukumbukira kusiyana kwa nyama.

• Mutu wa njoka ndi chowuma, mumimba mumakhala mawonekedwe amaro atatu,
• Njoka flakes ziwale, mamba ali matte mtundu,
• Kumbuyo kwa mutu wa nyama sanali poizoni, pali lachikasu lalanje mawanga,
• Maso a njoka ndi ozungulira, maso a njoka ndi ofukula.

Njoka zimapezeka m'minda, nkhalango komanso madambo. Nthawi zambiri amakhala m'malo osungirako.

Monga ulamuliro, kukula kwa njoka zimatengera jenda ake, amuna amakhala aang'ono kwambiri kuposa akazi. Kutalika kumafika pafupifupi mita. Zosamalitsa zazikulu kwambiri zidafika mamita atatu.

Dzira likuchitika kuyambira mwezi wa June mpaka Julayi.

Njoka zamtunduwu zimakonda nyengo yotentha ya dzuwa, izi ndizobwereza masana. Osowa kwambiri usiku. Ziweto zimasambira bwino, zimatha kukhala pansi pamadzi kwa nthawi yayitali.

Kudya achule, abuluzi. Palibe njira yapadera yophera nsomba. Iye amagwira wovulalayo ndi mutu, miyendo ndi kumeza wonse.

M'nyengo yozizira, njoka imabisala; nthawi yophukira imayamba. Munthawi yotentha, zazikazi zimayamba kufunafuna chinthu choyenera chakukwatira.

Mwachilengedwe, nyama zouluka zimakhala ndi adani osiyanasiyana, mbalame zonse zodyedwa komanso nyama. Makoswe amavulaza mizinga ndipo amadya mazira ndi nthata zazing'ono posachedwapa.

Kodi ndizowopsa kwa anthu

O - njoka si chakupha. Munthu amatha kukumana naye pafupi kulikonse m'chilengedwe, makamaka pafupi ndi madzi. Katunduyu yekha samawonetsa ukali. Akakumana ake mu madzi, inu muyenera kuti asakhudze izo, izo basi yopita, osati kuluma.

Ngati galimoto mu ngodya, chikaonekera mokwiya. Njokayo imayamba kulira, imakhala phokoso. Komabe, iye safuna konse kumenya kapena kuluma. Komanso, nthawi zambiri nyama zodzikongoletsera zimangonamizira kuti zafa.

Kale chuma chawo chitetezo. Mafuta achikasu komanso fungo losasangalatsa limamasulidwa m'mitengo yawo. Kuphatikiza apo, zidadziwika kuti amatha kumasula ndowe pamdani mwamphamvu.

Kodi mbola ya njoka ndiyowopsa kwa munthu?

Tiyenera kudziwa kuti mtundu uwu wa zodzala ndi mano ofanana ndi njoka zonse. Komabe, mulibe poizoni mwa iwo.

Zowopsa zimapezeka mu mtundu umodzi wokha wa njoka izi - njoka zam'mimba. poizoni wawo ndi mano kumbuyo, ndi wa jekeseni pamene wozunzidwayo ndi kuwameza.

Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti pali milandu yodziwika yomwe ilumidwa ndi njoka. Chiphe ndi owopsa kwa mwanayo.

Kungoluma kumene kumakhala kwabwinobwino kumakhala koopsa. Zikatero, kachilomboka kamafikamo ndipo zotupa zimayamba, zomwe zitha kutha.

Kukhazikika kwa anthu

Njoka izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala pafupi ndi anthu, amakonda nkhalango, marshland, minda. Zili pafupifupi kovuta kukumana naye m'munda.

Komabe, mu nthawi zakale, okhala amenewa chokwawa pafupi ndi nyumba ankaona malodza abwino. Zikhulupiriro zambiri zimayenderana ndi iye, anali okondedwa ndipo sanaloledwe kupha. Iwo adati kale - uyu ndiye woyang'anira nyumba, ziweto, kuti amabweretsa chuma ku banja. m'mudzimo ambiri onena mmene zokwawa izi kumwa mkaka mwachindunji ku udder ng'ombe, popanda kuwachititsa vuto lililonse ndipo popanda kuluma iwo.

Mu mzinda wamakono, sikutheka kukumana ndi njoka. Pokhapokha ngati ndi chiweto. Mwa njira, njoka zimalekerera bwino malo okhalamo, chinthu chachikulu ndikuwasamalira moyenera. Mtsogolomo, amasiya kuopa munthu ndipo amatha kudya kuchokera m'manja osadandaula.

Zizindikiro ndi zotsatira za kuluma ndi

Ngakhale atakhala chimbudzi chotetezeka, amatha kuluma.

Zizindikiro zake ndi ziti?

Kwenikweni, zizindikiro zonse zakuluma ndizapakhomo, chifukwa njokayo ndi yopanda poizoni.

• Kuluma
• Kukhetsa magazi pang'ono pachilonda,
• Chepetsa pang'ono
• A chotupa yaing'ono angagwe.

Kuluma kwa njoka kufananizidwa ndikuluma kwa mphaka. Monga ulamuliro, ndiko chofunika pambuyo ndi kuchitira chilonda ndi antiseptic ndi waluso wobiriwira. Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kuwonetsetsa kuti dothi sililowa m'mabala kuti lisauke.

Ngati muli ndi mwana kale, ndiye kuti muyenera kulumikizana ndi kuchipatala kuti mupeze mwayi wokhala ndi mavuto. Chifukwa, mwachitsanzo, kukwiyitsa kungakhale koopsa kwa ana ang'ono ndi omwe akudwala matendawa.

Ndikofunikanso kupita kuchipatala ngati malo olumirako atupa kwambiri, ofiira, kuyabwa kwambiri kumawonekera, ndipo kutentha kumakwera.

Mwa munthu wathanzi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuluma sikuchitika. Malo mano a analowa njoka akhoza kupweteka pang'ono. Nthawi zambiri, chilichonse chimapita popanda kufufuza.

Zopeza

Kodi mbola ya njoka ndiyowopsa kwa munthu? Osati ngati munthu ali ndi thanzi langwiro ndiponso alibe sayanjana chirichonse. M'pofunikanso kukumbukira kuti njoka ichi konse akuukira choyamba. Ngati munthu waona m'nkhalangomo kapena m'madzi chambiri cha banja la othandizira, muyenera kungochisiya mwakachetechete.

Akambukuwa ndi oopsa kale, koma amakhala makamaka ku Primorsky Territory, Japan, ndi Far East. Kuluma kwake kumatha kuyambitsa vuto lalikulu la mwana kapena munthu wolephera.

Kale musaope. Komabe, sizotheka nthawi zonse kuti munthu adziwe ngati njoka ili ndi poizoni kapena ayi. Uzhikov nthawi zambiri amasokonezedwa ndi njoka. Ndikofunikira kukumbukira chokwawa ndikuchiwuza kwa akatswiri azachipatala. Nthawi zina, izi zithandizira kupulumutsa moyo wa munthu.

Kulumwa ndi njoka sikungavulaze thupi, koma kungokhala kosasangalatsa. Muyenera kuyang'ana pansi pa mapazi anu poyenda m'nkhalangomo kapena m'malo otentha ndipo osaputa njoka. Komanso, musati muyesere kuti akakole ake nokha. Ngati mukufuna kukhala ndi chiweto kunyumba, ndiye kuti ndibwino kucheza ndi katswiri yemwe anganene za kumusamalira kuti apewe mavuto.

Malinga ndi kapangidwe ka chigaza ndi malo mano chakupha, kambuku wa zapambuyo pakati njoka, monga mano lalikulu ili mu kuya kwa M'mimbamo m'kamwa.

Zizindikiro zakunja kwa njoka

Kapangidwe ka thupi kamafanana ndi njoka wamba ndipo limafika kutalika kwa mita imodzi. Kumbuyo kwa mutu pansi pa khungu, ma 10-25 awiriawiri a zotupa za nukhodorsal amawoneka, obisika pansi pazoyala pang'ono khungu.

Masikelo amaphimbidwa ndi nthiti zazitali, zomwe zimatchulidwa momveka bwino. Maso akulu wokhala ndi mwana wazungulira. Mano awiri otsiriza mu nsagwada chapamwamba lalikulu, yokhota kumapeto posteriorly, kusiyana wamng'ono pakati pawo ndi mbali yotsala ya mano. Mtundu wa khungu la njoka yamkati umasiyanitsidwa ndi mawonekedwe ake osiyanasiyana.

Ichi ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zokongola kwambiri kuchokera pagulu lachi Russian herpetofauna. Pamwamba pa thupi ndi yowala wobiriwira, nthawi zina mdima wobiriwira kapena mdima maolivi mtundu ndi kusintha mu malankhulidwe kuwala Brown kapena pafupifupi wakuda. mikwingwirima Black zili kudutsa maziko waukulu, umene anawagawa mawanga lateral ndi dorsal. Mphepete mwa miyeso yomwe ili kutsogolo kwa thupi imakhala yakuda kwambiri kapena yofiirira. Mbali iyi ya pakhungu imadziwika ndi akulu okha. Malo awiri owoneka bwino amakongoletsa mutu kumbali. Woyamba pa kachisi, ndipo yachiwiri mu mawonekedwe a makona ndi, kudzera m'mphepete apansi akutambasula diso kwa nsagwada chapamwamba kwambiri.

Habitat ya njoka yanjoka

Akalulu amasama kale. Amasankha masamba omwe ali pafupi ndi madambo, dziwe, madambo otentha okhala ndi chivundikiro chaudzu. Pakapanda kusungidwa komwe kumakhala nkhalango zowuma komanso zophatikizika, komanso masamba onyowa. M'malo oterewa, mitundu yamtunduwu ndi yambiri komanso yofalikira, kufikira anthu 44 amabwera njira yokhazikika ya 3 km.

Zokhudza machitidwe a njoka

Kambuku njoka zimabisala mu kamakumba una anasiya wa mbewa ngati makoswe kapena m'maenje mobisa, kupanga masango a njoka mazana angapo.

Amachita chiopsezo pakukweza kumtunda. Chotero kaimidwe kumbuyo ndi khosi mosabisa ndi ofanana ndi udindo waukulu mamba kutsegula nyumba yake.

Kuphatikiza apo, njoka zamtundu wamiyendo zimadziponyera kwa mdani, zimatsatana ndi mayendedwe a thupi ndi mokweza mawu. Katundu wa caustic wopangidwa ndi ziwalo za nukho-dorsal amakwiyitsa pakamwa pa nyama yomwe imadya, ndipo imasiya pomwepo. Komabe, njoka zamtunduwu sizili njoka zopanda vuto ndipo zimatha kudzipweteka, koma mano afupikitsa nthawi zambiri samalowerera kwambiri, poizoni simalowa m'magazi. Njoka zam'mbuyo zonyansa zimawoneka kuti zimabera mnzakeyo. Koma ngati khungu lang'ambidwa ndi mano ataliitali obisika mkati mwa khomo lamkamwa, poizoniyo amalowa m'magazi ndikuyambitsa poizoni wamphamvu mthupi.

Zoyenera kubereka njoka zamtunduwu mu ukapolo ndizofanana, ndizofanana ndi kubereka njoka wamba. The kutentha terrarium ndi anakhalabe mu madigiri 28-30. Zouluka zimaswana bwino muukapolo, mwina popanda nyengo yozizira, ngakhale akatswiri amalimbikitsa kuti njoka zisasokoneze chilengedwe. Kukwatitsa kumachitika kawirikawiri mu February kapena March, koma kumatha kuchitika pambuyo pake nyengo yachisanu ikachedwa.

Patapita masiku 48, akazi kutchera mazira 8-22, iwo amasiyana kukula 2.7-3.5 X 1.6-2.0 mamilimita ndi kulemera magalamu makumi awiri. Mazira mazira kukhala pa kutentha madigiri 27-30 ndi chinyezi wa nainte. Nthawi ya makulitsidwe ndi masiku 34-38. Njoka zazing'ono zimakhala ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 15 mpaka 20. Patatha sabata limodzi kubadwa kwa chakudya chamadzulo, ana anyani. Njoka zazing'ono zimamera mwachangu, ndipo pazaka chimodzi ndi theka zimatha kubereka.

Chakupha katundu wa nyalugwe njoka

Njoka zamtunduwu zilibe zenizeni, ndiye kuti, timimba tokhala ndi poyizoni wopangidwa kuchokera pachiwono. Ndipo poizoni woyipa wambiri amachokera chifukwa chachitsulo cha Duvernois, komwe chinyezi chake chimasandukira.

Koma, ngakhale pali kusiyana kowonekeratu, chinsinsi chakupha sichinataye malo ake. Ngakhale mphamvu za poizoni sizimatchulidwanso kuposa zomwe zimapezeka poizoni: mabuluzi, mamba, njoka. Chifukwa chake, njoka ya akambuku imatchedwa njoka "yapoizoni", kukumbukira kuti ili ndi mano owopsa obisika mkati mwamkati mwa kamwa.

Mawonekedwe
Kale wamba (lat. Natrix natrix) - chokwawa, osati njoka yoopsa, ili ndi kolala yachikasu (yoyera, yoyera kapena yakuda) kuzungulira khosi. The dorsal pamwamba ndi mbali ndi azitona wobiriwira ndi mikwingwirima chosiyana. Asanatuluke pakhungu, amatha kukhala wakuda kwambiri.

Pamwamba m'mimba ndi woyera (kirimu) mu mtundu ndi njuga wakuda; ena toyesa, pamwamba m'mimba ndi pafupifupi kwathunthu wakuda. Komabe, pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana, mawonekedwe osiyana kwambiri ndi njokayo ndi akuda komanso achikasu (kirimu kapena oyera) crescent pakhosi. Nthawi zina mtundu wa kolala umasowa, makamaka pakati pa akazi achikulire, kansalu yakuda ya kolala imakhalapo nthawi zonse. Kutalika: Amuna nthawi zambiri amafikira 100 cm, zazimayi mpaka 130 cm, ngakhale zolemba zazikulu zalembedwa.

Kutsimikiza mtima pakugonana
Amuna nthawi zonse amakhala ochepa kuposa akazi, koma amakhala ndi mchira wautali. Analemba kuti noticeable kutupa mu chotulukira lapansi.

Mazira
Mazira amayikidwa mu June ndi Julayi. Mkazi akhoza kuyika mpaka 40 leathery matte mazira woyera, nthawi zambiri kusankha kompositi ndi milu ndowe, kumene kutentha amachita ngati chofungatira achilengedwe. Dzira kukula: 23-30 mm. Kukula kwachinyamata kumawonekera pakugwa.

China ndi chiyani?
Monga lamulo, chifukwa chomenyera kuchokera kumbali za njoka chimakhala chifukwa chosazindikira komanso chizindikiritso cholakwika. Njoka nthawi zambiri imasokonezedwa ndi njoka (viper, Vipera berus), njoka ndi cholengedwa chopanda poizoni (koma pali zina, zomwe zidzafotokozedwera pansipa) komanso zopanda vuto. Njoka ndi matupi ambiri wamfupi koma wojintcha, ndi chosiyana yokhotakhota Mzere pamodzi kumbuyo ndi chizindikiro mu mawonekedwe a kalata V kapena X pamutu. Njoka zitha kuzindikilidwanso ndi maso awo ozungulira, mosiyana ndi anamgongo a njoka.

Chithunzi. Churuchi nthawi zambiri chimasokonezedwa ndi njoka.

Nthawi zina njoka wamba imasokonezedwa ndi tinker (Anguis fragilis), yomwe ndi bulu wopanda miyendo ndipo si njoka konse. Poto wamkuwa ndi nyama yaying'ono (40-45 cm) yokhala ndi mtundu wakuda wagalasi (bulauni).

Komanso njoka yamadzi (lat. Natrix tessellata ) Nthawi zambiri kolakwika kwa adder ndi chifukwa alibe khalidwe chikasu kolala pa mutu wake (ngakhale kuti pali khalidwe mdima V-kufufuza) ndi njoka amenewa nthawi zambiri anaphedwa ndi eni nyumba chifukwa sindikufuna kuti njoka amati mankhwala oyandikana nawo. Watermark siw poizoni ngati wamba, koma kuti muzindikire, muyenera kulimba mtima kuti muyang'ane. Iye ali kuoneka bwino checkered mtundu (chifukwa cha ichi iye akutchedwa Chess mphiri kapena njoka) ku kuwala ndi mdima mithunzi ya maolivi mtundu (palinso toyesa wakuda) ndi ana chonse. Amawopa njoka zamtunduwu chifukwa cha umbuli, chifukwa amakhulupirira kuti izi ndizosakanikirana ndi njoka ndi njoka, zomwe sizingatheke, chifukwa njoka izi ndi za m'mabanja osiyanasiyana (kale ndi achikale, njoka ndi njoka). Ndikofunikanso kukumbukira kuti mumtundu wa njoka mtundu wa checkered umalumikizana ndi mzere umodzi wa zigzag kumbuyo, ndipo m'manjoka yamadzi iyi si - zidutswa zonse siziphatikizidwa, zimalekanitsidwa. Koma monga kwalembedwa kale pamwambapa, ngati mukukayika kuti musanakhale kale, yang'anani m'maso, ana ozungulira akuwuzani kuti musanakhaleko kale.

Kanema. Momwe mungasiyanitsire njoka yamadzi ndi njoka

Pali wina chidwi ndi wokongola kwambiri kale limodzi - nyalugwe kale (Latin Rhabdophis tigrinus), ndi poyizoni kwambiri, monga boomslang (mu 1957 hepetogol Karl Schmidt anafa chifukwa kuluma kwa boomslang) ndi njoka vinyo (palinso ali anatsimikizira milandu anthu kupha poyizoni), mwina pali njoka zina zapoizoni. Njokayi imangokhala kum'mawa kwa Russia, Japan, Korea komanso gawo laling'ono la East China. Iye alinso chidwi kuti pamene kutha, iye akukhala mu aima ngati njoka ya mamba, ngakhale amayesetsa zingakweze nyumba ndi kuukira kwake. Iye ali chitetezo awiri zilombo zolusa, zopangitsa nucho-dorsal akubwera kuchokera mbali occipital ya mutu, amene, ngati chilombo kulumidwa iye, caustic madzimadzi yofanana ndi ya achule chakupha adzamasulidwa kumbuyo mutu, chakupha mano kumbuyo, kumene izo zifika pabala poizoni. Komanso, malovu ake ndi owopsa, koma osalimba ngati poizoni m'm mano ake kumbuyo. Ndikuluma komwe kumapangidwa ndi mano akumbuyo, osati kutsogolo, komwe kumayimira chiopsezo chachikulu kwambiri, chomwe chimatsogolera ku mawonekedwe a hemorrhagic. Phunziro kuchitikira (1), imene milandu 9 kulumidwa a kambuku njoka ku Japan anaphunzira ndi zochita za poizoni anali anafotokoza.

Chithunzi. Njoka ya njoka (Latin Rhabdophis tigrinus) ndi kapangidwe ka zida zoyipa za njoka

Zizolowezi
Njoka ndizofala kwambiri, zimakhala pafupifupi kulikonse, kum'mwera nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi madambo komanso madambo, mapwewe, mitsinje ndi ngalande. Pafupifupi kumpoto, ngakhale amakhalanso m'magulu amenewa, amatha kupezekanso m'nkhalango, minda ndi madambo, minda ndi malo opanda zinyalala.

Njoka, makamaka njoka masana, zimakonda nyengo yotentha, koma nthawi yotentha yachilimwe imatha kuwoneka ikuyandama m'madziwe ndi matupi ena amadzi pofunafuna amoyo. Ndi asodzi abwino kusambira ndipo amatha kupha nsomba ndi nyama zina zam'madzi, monga achule ndi zatsopano (amadziwika kuti amabzala madamu okongoletsa m'minda) ndipo amatha kukhala nthawi yayitali pansi pa madzi zikafunika zotere.

Chithunzi. Maso a mamba ndi njoka

Nyama ikagwidwa m'njira yopanda pake, imameza amoyo. Iye zambiri kumeza achule ndi achule kumbuyo. Pomwe njoka zazing'ono zimakonda kusaka tadpoles, achinyamata nthawi zambiri amakonda anyama, anyani, nsomba zazing'ono komanso mitundu yambiri yaviyo, pomwe akuluakulu amasankha kusaka anyani ena omwe amakumana nawo, ndipo nthawi zina makoswe ang'ono (makamaka akazi).

Akaona kale kuti moyo wake uli pachiwopsezo kapena wadwala, njoka nthawi zambiri siziluma (ngakhale kuti nyama zaku Spain sizodalirika pankhaniyi, zazikazi zazikulu zimatha kuluma).Komabe, iwo ndi njira yodzitetezera angapo, choyamba, iwo akhoza secrete fetid mwamtheradi musk ndi madzi chikasu ku cesspools awo, iwo akhoza kumulavulira ndowe mwamphamvu. Ngati izi sasiya ndi tizilomboto, iwo nthawi zina kuyesezera kukhala imfa.

Kodi njokayo ndingamuone kuti ndipo ndiyowopsa bwanji?

Chithunzi. Kunamizira kukhala akufa

Kale wamba wakonda dziko uncultivated ndi msipu, amatenga muzu sakhala patali ndi kasupe wamadzi. Amadyetsa pafupifupi anthu wamba okha, anthu ena amadya nsomba zochepa. Wamba ndi mlendo nthawi zina kuti minda.

Njoka ndi mwamakani, ngati iwo ali lotengeka mu ngodya, iwo hiss mokweza ndi kuimirira, zikuwoneka ngati iwo akhoza kuukira. Uku ndikunamizira, samaluma nthawi zambiri ndipo nthawi zambiri amayeserera kuti amwalira. Ngati amakodwa ndi njoka, zikhoza exude unpleasantly kununkhiza madzi kuchokera chotulukira lapansi. Pankhaniyi, njira yabwino kuti ndi bwino opanda njoka kuti mukhoza kupitiriza ntchito yake tsiku.

Monga lamulo, chifukwa cha njoka iliyonse, magazi amatuluka magazi chifukwa cha njoka ndi lakuthwa kwambiri, komanso, monga lamulo, izi sizikukuyambitsa matenda (ngakhale bala lililonse lingayambitse izi, makamaka ngati mwachepa chitetezo chokwanira kapena ndinu aang'ono kapena achikulire) ) Sambani chilonda ndi sopo ndi penyani izo, dokotala ngati pali zizindikiro za matenda, koma kulumidwa ndi njoka yaing'ono wowona, monga ulamuliro, kuchiritsa mofulumira kwambiri.

Njoka sizili ndi poizoni, koma zimasokoneza poyizoni, monga njoka za ku North America ndi njoka zamadzi. Koma zoipa zimenezi ali wofooka kuti zimene okha zingayambitse mwa munthu pang'ono redness ndi kutupa, ndipo izi zimachitika pamene njoka Kodi kuluma munthu kwa kanthawi kwambiri malovu limalowera mu chilonda. Zimenezi adzapitanso lokha masana kapena ndipo palibe mankhwala zina zomwe zingafunike.

Mwachidziwikire, ngati wina akuvutika kupuma kapena ming'oma itatuluka, ayenera kupita kuchipatala. An ziwengo poizoni nthawi zonse zotheka, koma sikawirikawiri kwambiri. (Kusamalitsa Similar ayenera kumwedwa pamene analumidwa ndi njuchi, mavu nyerere, ndi zinkhanira).

Pomaliza. Njoka ndizovulaza kwathunthu kwa anthu ndipo zimatha kuluma pongofuna kudziteteza, komabe, kuluma kumeneku sikukuwopseza moyo wa munthu, kupatula kulumidwa ndi njoka zingapo zapoizoni, ngati njoka yamimba.

Phunziro:
1.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4267603/

Camping ndi mwayi wolimbitsa chitetezo chamthupi ndikukhazikikanso ndi malingaliro owala. Koma pali ngozi okumana oimira yakuthengo ya zinyama ndi. M'pofunikanso kudziŵa mmene amapereka thandizo loyamba kwa analumidwa ndi njoka ndi zotsatira ayenera kuyembekezera.

Litha kuluma liti

Kale - ichi ndi mitundu wamba njoka tikukhala mu gawo la maiko CIS, sizikugwirizana ndi gulu chakupha. Pamodzi ndi uwu, chokwawa kuluma zingachititse matenda aakulu. Nthawi zina, thupi limakumana ndi vuto lalikulu lomwe limawopseza moyo. Choncho ndikofunika kudziwa mmene bwino amuthandize wovulalayo. Mbola ya njoka zingakhale zowopsa makamaka kwa ana, amayi apakati, komanso anthu ndi chitetezo lotereli.

Kale wamba - mitundu yopanda poizoni ya njoka

Monga ulamuliro, njoka sanachite zinthu azitengapo. Iwo akhoza kukhalapo mwamtendere pafupi ndi munthu. Njoka imaluma pokhapokha ngati ili ndi ngozi kwa iyo kapena mbadwa zake. Nthawi zambiri chifukwa cha kuluma ndi khalidwe zosayenera munthu pestering njoka. Ngati inu kale kukhudza ndodo, kuyesera piss iye, iye Mwini sadadzithandize.

M'chilimwe, mutha kudwala kulumidwa ndi njoka m'malo osungira, komwe nyama zanyama zomwe zimakhala. Munthu sichitsata pansi pa mapazi ake, amalumphira pa njoka. Njoka akapsa anachita kumbuyo. Pankhaniyi, kuluma nthawi zambiri kumapezeka m'miyendo. Ana sukulu, kulumidwa zingaoneke pa gawo lililonse la thupi. The mwana akuyesera kukatenga njoka manja ake, chifukwa iye anavulala. Mwachilengedwe, muyenera kuyang'anira ana.

Kambuku kale - mtundu wa njoka. A chokwawa kuluma akhoza chakupha. Ku Russia zoterezi ndizosowa. Mungathe kukumana nawo mu Khabarovsk ndi Primorsky Magawo.

Kambuku njoka kuluma ndi oopsa

Njoka zimakhala zolusa kwambiri nyengo yakukhwima. Nthawiyi chimakhala cha April kwa May. Kuyenda mu malo ya njoka pa nthawi ino lingaliro chodziwa ngozi.

Ambiri amasokoneza njokayo ndi chowonjezera, kuluma komwe kumatha kubweretsa kukulitsa zizindikiro zowopsa. Imfa si lilibe. Pamene njoka towuluka, m'pofunika kupulumutsa wozunzidwayo malo dokotala posachedwapa.

Zizindikiro

zotsatira zowawa kukhala ngati munthu ali ndi sayanjana kwa chokwawa malovu. Anthu ambiri amayerekeza analumidwa ndi njoka ndi choipa mphaka claw. Mano a mano amawoneka pa thupi - madontho ofiira. Mu malo awa, hyperemia pang'ono, edema zingaoneke. Mphindi zingapo pambuyo kuluma, magazi chifuniro chimatuluka. Magawano amatha kuimitsidwa msanga. Kusiyana pakati pa njoka kuluma amati munthu atsopanowa amakhala amphamvu woyaka kutengeka pa malo kuvulazidwa. ululu amapezeka mkati mphindi 10-15.

Ngati munthu wadwala chifukwa chakulumidwa ndi njoka, edema imayamba kutchulidwa. Komanso, kuyabwa limawonekera pa malo a kuluma. Kuti mupewe mavuto kupewa, wodwala ayenera kupereka chithandizo posachedwapa. Pali chiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga edema ya Quincke.

Ineyo ndinali kuthana ndi vuto pamene, pambuyo pa kulumidwa ndi njoka, mwendo m'bale wanga anali kutupa. Edema adachepetsa kwa mphindi 20 atatenga antihistamine, ngakhale ambulansi isanafike.

Pamalo a kuluma, mukhoza kuona mfundo ku mano puncture

A ngozi yaikulu thanzi ndi kuluma a kambuku njoka. Pali poizoni m'mano am'mbuyo mwa njoka izi. Nthawi ngakhale imfa patapita kuluma zoterozo chokwawa analemba. Chiphe ndi owopsa kwa ana ndi amayi apakati. Wodwala ali ndi zizindikiro za poizoni woopsa, monga:

• aakulu kuluma kuyabwa,
• adakangalika kupuma,
• minofu kukokana
• omangana mwendo
• kuwonjezeka kwambiri kutentha thupi,
• kufooka wamba komanso chizungulire.

Zizindikiro adzakhala kwambiri kutchulidwa odwala debilitated, komanso anthu ndi chizolowezi thupi lawo siligwirizana.

Thandizo kwa analumidwa ndi njoka

Ndizotheka kuti njoka kapena kambuku idavulala. Choncho, aligorivimu zochita inayenera kukhala yemweyo. Choyamba, muyenera itanani ambulansi kapena kuyesa kupulumutsa wodwalayo bungwe zachipatala nokha.

Ngati palibe chitsimikizo kuti chakuluma chidayamba kale, muyenera kuyesera kuyamwa poizoni. Izi zichitike mu masekondi woyamba wa nkhaniyi. M'pofunika amaumiriza ozungulira bala ndi zala zanu ndi kuyamba mwamphamvu kukoka poizoni, nthawi ndikulavulidwa. Zochita zotere ziyenera kuchitidwa kwa mphindi 10-15. Chifukwa cha thandizo zolondola choyamba, n'zotheka kuchotsa mbali ya poizoni.

Yoyenera bala chithandizo antiseptic n'kofunika.

Popewa matenda, chilondacho chiyenera kuthandizidwa mosamala:

1. Nadzatsuka pansi madzi ndi sopo.
2. Kuchitira ndi antiseptic. Hydrogen peroxide yoyenera, Miramistin, Chlorhexidine.
3. Ngati edema alipo, ntchito ayezi kapena china chinthu ozizira.
4. Kuchitira malo ozungulira chilonda ndi ayodini.
5. Odwala matendawa amalangizidwa kuti atenge antihistamine (Tavegil, Diazolin, Suprastin).

Wa hydrogen peroxide adzakhala ziletsa chitukuko cha bakiteriya mu chilonda

Ngati munthu ali motsimikizika kuti iye analidi analumidwa ndi munthu wamba, zidzakhala zokwanira kuchita zolondola antiseptic mankhwala a chilonda. Ngakhale zizindikirozo sizinatchulidwe, kuti mupewe zovuta zosasangalatsa, muyenera kufunsa dokotala. Ngati chokwawa watiluma mwana kapena mkazi wapakati, sipangakhale funso wodzilamulira mankhwala. M'pofunika kufika chikhazikitso zachipatala posachedwapa.

Zonenedweratu ndi zotsatira zake

Mothandizidwa poyamba, kuti madokotala ananena zawo bwino. Koma mankhwala zolakwika kungachititse kuti mavuto aakulu. Akalumwa ndi njoka, zotsatira zake zimakhala zoopsa. Kuopsa komanso lagona pa matenda pabalapo. Ndi abscess yaikulu, kungakhale kofunika kuti kudulapo nthambi akhudzidwa.

Ngati kutentha kwa thupi kukwera patatha masiku ochepa kuluma, kuluma kumakhala kofiyira komanso kutupa, muyenera kufunafuna chithandizo chamankhwala posachedwa. Pali loopsa kwambiri moyo.

Ngati masiku angapo pambuyo kuluma bala akuyamba wakwiya, kutupa aonekera, muyenera musazengereze dokotala

Momwe mungadzitetezere ku kulumidwa ndi njoka

Ngakhale kuti analumidwa ndi njoka yosavuta nthawi zambiri si loopsa kwambiri moyo, ndi zosasangalatsa kukumana chokwawa. Mutha mungadzitetezere ku choipa. Sidzaluma konse monga choncho. Ngakhale pamene chokumanako munthu, njoka kodi mungakonde kukwawa kutali mwamsanga. Choncho, ngati inu munali kukumana ndi njoka, muyenera zinthu modekha, osati kupanga magulu mwadzidzidzi.

Izi sizoyenera kuchita:

• kuyesa kukatenga njoka
• gwiritsitsani ndi ndodo
• thamangitsani nyama zangazi
• pogenda njoka.

Iye ndithudi kuluma ngati inu mwatsatane pa izo. Njoka zotere zimakhala m'madziwe muudzu wamtali. Choncho, akuyenda mu dera ili yabwino anachita mu nsapato mkulu mphira.

Oh - njoka ya m'gulu la anyani. Ambiri a ife kwambiri mantha njoka, koma ali ndi nzeru mantha njoka wamba ? Kodi ndizowopsa kwa anthu ndipo kodi zili ndi poizoni? Today ife iyankha mafunso amenewa, komanso bwanji malo a njoka ndi kupeza chomwe izo amadya mwa chilengedwe, ndipo ife adzayamba ndi makhalidwe ake.

Kufotokozera za njoka wamba

Kutalika 1 mita, koma anthu ena amakula mamita 1.5. Aika ndi khalidwe mawonekedwe - yowala mawanga kumbuyo kwa mutu. Iwo akhoza kukhala achikasu ndi yochitidwa. Si kawirikawiri, njoka zakuda, kapena mawanga owoneka, omwe amapezeka, kotero ndizosavuta kuzindikira njoka.chikopa njoka ndi mdima imvi, wakuda kapena kuwala imvi. Okalamba amatha kusiyanitsidwa ndi malo amdima. Belly njoka muli kuwala ndi mdima Mzere kwa mchira m'khosi. Thupi lili kale yowonda, ndipo anthu ena mukhoza kuona maburashi wophatikizidwa, koma osati onse.Maso Njoka ndi chonse, koma pali mphaka diso njoka. Mchira wamfupi kwambiri kuposa thupi, pafupifupi nthawi 3-5, wokhala ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana - owuma, owonda, ozungulira. Looneka thupi lonse mamba , anthu ena amakhala ndi khungu losalala, pomwe ena amakhala ndi nthiti zowoneka. Njoka ndi mano pamwamba pa kamwa yake, mano angapo tiwonjezere ku kutsegula kwa pharynx, ena mano ochepa komanso osasunthika, pomwe ena amawerama, palinso foloko lilime . Moyo wa njoka wamba zachilengedwe pafupifupi zaka 20, kunyumba, chithunzi chimakhala chimodzimodzi.

Kodi wamba chakupha ndi owopsa kwa anthu?

Nthawi zambiri, zoyipa otetezeka kwa anthu. Iwo sakudziwa momwe kuluma, koma zikande khungu, ndipo ngati pali kuluma, ndiye zonyozeka. Inde ndipo wamba kale akaona munthu, akuyesa kubisa posachedwapa, iye nathawa; ndipo alibe kuukira. Koma ngati adadzidzimuka, amalira, amatembenuza mitu yawo ngati akufuna kuluma, koma sizimakonda kuluma, ndipo kuluma kumadzichiritsa mwachangu kwambiri.Oh - bata njoka, koma pofuna kuteteza icho, icho kuwombera madzi woyera-chikasu kwa mano ake, amene ndi zosasangalatsa mu kununkhiza, ndi chikapanda kuwopsyeza kutali akuona, umathandiza pakamwa pake ndi pansi thupi, woimira imfa. Pakadali pano, mutha kuwona madontho a magazi kuchokera kummero, kapena amangosinja chakudya chifukwa cha mantha. koma ngatikale musakhudze, koma simuyenera kuona zonsezi.

Kodi aziphedwa wamba mu chikhalidwe

zakudya Main - amphibians ndi nsomba. Iye wakudya achule, tadpoles, achule. Komanso, njoka kudya abuluzi, mazira, mbewa, mbewa, timadontho-timadontho, makoswe zina, tizilombo, mbalame yaing'ono, mazira ndi anapiye, mileme, agologolo aang'ono, ngakhale mtundu kapena ena zawo njoka.O kumeza nyama wonse, ngati iye alibe mano kapena zipangizo zina kuichotsa nyama. Ngati nkhomaliro zazing'ono, ndiye izo kupirira mofulumira ndi chakudya, ndipo ngati ndi nyama zazikulu, ndi kwa maola angapo, ndipo pambuyo pa chakudya mungathe kudya kanthu kwa masiku awiri. Imatha kukhala yopanda chakudya kwa nthawi yayitali, koma kulibe madzi, ndipo nyengo yotentha, nkosavuta kukumana ndi dziwe. Pa dzikokale ithamangitsa nyama yake, m'madzi imatha kuthawira kwa nthawi yayitali, kenako nkuwadzidziza.

Habitat njoka wamba

Mungathe kukumana pafupi ndi dziwe, pansi pa mlatho, pafupi ndi nyanja kapena dziwe. Komanso, ngati kuthetsa pafupi ndi anthu, kusankha chete ndi malo mosatekeseka ngati chapansi, ndi haystack, ndi m'chipinda chapansi, khola, mu mizu kapena m'maenje a mitengo, mu munda, nkhuni, mu mulu wa miyala m'munda ngakhale mu mulu wa zinyalala .Uzhi amakonda zofunda ofunda kwambiri, ndipo moyo pafupi ndi nkhuku, kuika mazira pa malo omwewo, koma iwo sadzakhala konse kupita nyama zikuluzikulu.

Habitat njoka wamba - pafupifupi Russia, kum'mawa kwa Primorye, malire a Komi Republic, malire a Karelia. Pafupifupi onse a ku Ulaya, ndiponso anthu enaya njoka opezeka ku Africa, Central, South ndi North America, Australia, Asia, Cuba, Indonesia, Philippines, Japan, Oceania.