Mu ornithology, mawu akuti "mbalame yodya nyama" amafotokoza za mbalame zamtundu uliwonse zomwe zimasaka zouluka, zimakhala ndi zikhadabo zamphamvu, maso akuthwa komanso mulomo wolimba womwe umatha kugwira kapena kupha nyama yake. Makamaka, chifukwa cha mawonekedwe owopsa, anthu ambiri amawaganizira kuti ndi mbalame zoopsa kwambiri padziko lapansi. Komabe, sizovuta kuvomereza kuti nthawi yomweyo zilombo zazikuluzikuluzi ndi zazikulu komanso zazikulu.
Pali njira zingapo zingapo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kudziwa kukula kwa mbalamezi, monga kutalika konse, mapiko kapena kulemera, zomwe zimasokoneza kuthekera kudziwa mbalame zazikulu kwambiri zomwe zimadya.
Kuti tidziwitse chidwi za mbalame zodabwitsazi, tinaganiza zolemba mndandanda wa zazikulu kwambiri, zoopsa kwambiri, zamphamvu kwambiri komanso zoopsa kwambiri.
Kuchokera pamiyala ikuluikulu komanso mbozi zazing'onoting'ono kupita pa chiwombankhanga zazidazi, apa pali 25 mwa mbalame zazikulu kwambiri zomwe zimadya, zomwe ndizodabwitsa, ngakhale zimathandizira mantha!
25. Andean Condor
Pokhala ku Andes komanso kugombe loyandikana ndi Pacific ku South America, Andean Condor ndiye mbalame yayikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi kuposa miyendo yonse yamapiko ndi mapiko. Mapiko a mbalameyi amafikira 3.3 mita, kukhala wachisanu kwambiri pakati pa mbalame (mapiko akuluakuluwo amakhala amitundu iwiri yokha ya albatrosses ndi mitundu iwiri ya pelicans).
Poyerekeza pafupi ndi malo omwe ali pachiwopsezo, Andean condor ndi amodzi mwa mbalame zokhala ndi moyo wautali kwambiri padziko lapansi: moyo wawo woposa zaka 70.
24. Chiwombankhanga Chophimba
Crowned Eagle ndi mbalame yayikulu yodya nyama yomwe imakhala kumwera kwa Sahara ku South Africa. Ili ndi mikono yayikulu kwambiri komanso miyendo yakumbuyo yolimba, chiwombankhanga chomwe chili ndi korona ndiye chodabwitsa kwambiri ku Africa, chikuweruza poona kulemera kwa ozunzidwa. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito zinyama monga bushbuck (mtundu wa antelope) womwe umatha kulemera kilogalamu 30.
23. Chiwombankhanga chosokoneza
Wedge Tailed Eagle ndi mbalame yayikulu kwambiri ku Australia ndipo ndi imodzi mwa zilombo zazikulu kwambiri padziko lapansi.
Kutha kuwuluka m'mlengalenga kwa maola ambiri popanda kukupiza mapiko, chiwombankhanga cha V-mapiko ake chimakhala ndi mapiko akufika pa 2.84 mita ndikufika kutalika kwa mamita 1,66.
Ili ndi mapiko autali, opindika bwino, miyendo yopaka chokwanira ndipo, mosakayikira, mchira wowoneka bwino (motero dzina).
22. Mtundu wa Himalayan
Mtundu wa Himalayan, womwe umadziwikanso kuti kumai kapena vunda wa matalala, ndi mbalame yayikulu yochokera ku Old World Vultures.
Imodzi mwa mitundu yayikulu kwambiri komanso yolusa kwambiri, mtunduwu imakhala m'mapiri a Himalayas, Pamir, Tibet ndi Kazakhstan mpaka kumalire akumpoto chakumadzulo kwa Afghanistan ndi madera akumwera a Bhutan.
21. Chiwombankhanga chagolide
Imodzi mwa mbalame zodziwika kwambiri komanso zofala kwambiri kumpoto chakum'mawa, chiwombankhanga chagolide ndi nkhomo lalikulu wokhala ndi mapiko a 2.34 mita.
Kwa zaka mazana ambiri, mbalame zamtunduwu zakhala zina mwa zolemekezeka kwambiri: zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati fosholo. Mabungwe ang'onoang'ono a ku Europe anali kugwiritsidwa ntchito kusaka ndi kupha nyama zazikulu ngati mimbulu ya imvi.
Chifukwa cha luso lotha kusaka, mbalameyi imalemekezedwa kwambiri m'mitundu ina.
20. Owl
Ndi mapiko otalika mpaka masentimita 190, kadzidzi wa chiwombankhanga nthawi zina amatchedwa kadzidzi wamkulu kwambiri padziko lapansi. Imakhala m'malo am'mapiri, nkhalango zowoneka bwino ndi mapiri, nkhandwe imakonda kudya nyama zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimadya nyama zambiri, makamaka zazinyama zazing'ono, komanso mbalame zina, zouluka, mbalame zam'madzi zambiri, nsomba, tizilombo tambiri komanso mitundu yambiri ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana.
19. waku South America harpy
Kalulu waku South America ndiye mdani wamkulu komanso wamphamvu kwambiri yemwe amakhala ku America, ndipo ndi imodzi mwamitundu yayikulu kwambiri ya chiwombankhanga padziko lapansi.
Kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe cha mbalamezi kwapangitsa kuti ziwonongeke m'malo ambiri awo akale (makamaka ku Central America), koma, mwamwayi, mbalame yodabwitsayi idakalipobe.
18. Wometa ndevu, kapena mwanawankhosa
Zimakhala m'malo am'mapiri kuyambira ku Europe kupita ku Asia ndi Africa, zimbalangondo zokhala ndi ndevu ndi mbalame zazikulu zodya nyama zokhala ndi mapiko ofika mamita 2.83. Mbalame imatha kuzindikiridwa ndi mapiko ake ataliatali komanso opapatiza komanso mchira wautali wokhazikika.
Munthu wometa ndevu ndi mkangaziwisi wokhala ndi asidi wamphamvu kwambiri m'madzi am'matumbo (pafupifupi pH ya pafupifupi 1), yomwe imamupangitsa kuti azigaya ngakhale mafupa akulu.
17. Chiwombankhanga cha ku Philippines
Amadziwikanso kuti nyani wakudya, kapena Philippines harpy, chiwombankhanga ku Philippines chimadziwika kuti ndi chiwombankhanga chachikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi potengera thupi komanso mapiko ake.
Pokhala imodzi mwa mbalame zosowa kwambiri komanso zamphamvu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, akuti ndi mbalame ya ku Philippines. Mtunduwu umawopsezedwa kuti udzatha, makamaka chifukwa cha kutayika kwa malo okhala ambiri chifukwa cha kudula mitengo.
Mwamwayi, boma la Philippine layesetsa kuyesetsa kusunga nyamayi, ndipo kupha chiwombankhanga ku Philippines tsopano kulangidwa ndi zaka 12 m'ndende.
16. Chiwombankhanga chankhondo
Pokhala m'malo otseguka ndi osatseguka a Africa kumwera kwa Sahara, chiwombankhanga cha nkhondo ndi mbalame yayikulu kwambiri, kutalika kwake komwe imafikira masentimita 96, mapiko ake ndi okwana masentimita 260, ndipo kulemera kwake ndi makilogalamu 6.2.
Kudya chilichonse kuyambira mbalame zina mpaka abuluzi ndipo ngakhale njoka zazikulu komanso zoopsa, kuphatikiza ndi mamba wakuda, chiwombankhanga chankhondo ndi amodzi mwa mbalame zamphamvu kwambiri padziko lapansi.
15. nsomba za Kadzidzi
Dzinalo Lachilatini lamtunduwu limaperekedwa polemekeza wolemba zachilengedwe Wachingelezi, Thomas Blakiston, yemwe adapeza mtundu wa kadzidzi ku Japan mu 1883.
Kadzidzi ya kadzidzi ndi kadzidzi wamkulu yemwe amasaka m'malo a m'mphepete mwa East Asia ndi Russia. Ndikakhala ndi mapiko ofika masentimita 190, kadzidzi wa kadzidzi nthawi zambiri amadziwika kuti ndi kadzidzi wamkulu padziko lapansi (osachepera mapiko a mapiko).
14. Chiwombankhanga cha nyanja cha Steller
Chiwombankhanga cha panyanja cha Steller ndi mbalame yayikulu yakudya yomwe imakhala kumadera a kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa Asia.
Pogwira mlomo waukulu wachikasu, mbalameyi imakonda kudya nsomba ndi mafoni am'madzi. Amakonda omwe amadya salmon ndi trout.
Pafupipafupi, ndiye chiwombankhanga cholemera kwambiri padziko lapansi: anthu ena amafikira kilogalamu 9 zolemera.
13. Chingwe cha ku Africa chared
Mbalame yamtundu wamtchire ndi imodzi mwamtali kwambiri komanso yayitali kwambiri padziko lapansi.
Chingwe cha ku Africa ndi nthano, chomwe chimadya mitembo ya nyama. Mbalamezi ndi zamphamvu kwambiri komanso zankhanza kwakuti mavu ena nthawi zambiri amakhala otsika poyerekeza ndi mtembo akaganiza zodziulula.
12. California Condor
Kufika mpaka makilogalamu 12 akulemera, California Condor ndiye mbalame yayikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi ku North America ndipo ndi imodzi mwa nyama zazikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi.
Mitunduyi idatsala pang'ono kutha pofika chaka cha 1987 (chaka chino chomaliza cha California chokhala muufulu idagwidwa), komabe, chifukwa cha pulogalamu yobwezeretsanso kuchuluka, nyamazo zidapezekanso m'malo ena a Arizona, Utah ndi California.
The California Condor ndi mbalame yophiphiritsa kwa magulu ambiri amdziko la America la californian ndipo amatenga gawo lofunikira mu nthano zawo zachikhalidwe.
11. Chiwombankhanga choyera
Imadziwikanso kuti chiwombankhanga cha kunyanja kapena chiwombankhanga chaimvi, chiwombankhanga choyera ndi mbalame yayikulu kwambiri yodya nyama, ndipo imatalika masentimita 94 ndi mapiko aatali mpaka mamita 2.45.
Mlenje waluso kwambiri, komanso wopaka phula, chiwombankhanga chokhala ndi mbewa yoyera imadziwika kuti ndi chiwalo chapafupi cha chiwombankhanga, chokhala ndi chilengedwe chofananacho, koma ku Eurasia kokha.
10. Chomera Chachikulu
Chinyama chakuda ndi mbalame yayikulu yodya nyama yomwe imakhala m'gawo lalikulu la Europe.
Kufika kulemera kwa ma kilogalamu 14, kutalika kwa 1,2 mita ndi kukhala ndi mapiko atatu mamitala atatu, msambo wakuda nthawi zina umadziwika kuti ndi mbalame yayikulu kwambiri padziko lapansi.
9. Chikhalidwe cha ku Africa
Pokhala wachibale wapamadzi wokhala ndi mutu wa ku Europe, nkhalangoyi ya ku Africa ndi mtundu wamba, mutu wake ndi khosi lokhalokha, mapiko ake ndi ochulukirapo ndipo mchira wake ndi wafupi.
Mbalameyi imalemera mpaka kilogalamu 7.2, imatalika mpaka mita 1 ndipo imakhala ndi mapiko a 2.25 metres. Zomera za ku Africa ndi mbande, zimadya nyama zakufa, koma nthawi zina sizipeputsa zakudya zomwe zimapezeka pafupi ndi nyumba zomwe anthu amakhala.
8. Chiwombankhanga cha Kaffir
Pokhala m'malo akumapiri ndi mapiri ku Africa, Dera la Arabia ndi dera lakumwera kwa Middle East, chiwombankhanga cha Kaffir ndi mdera lalikulu kwambiri.
Kutalika kwake kuyambira mulomo mpaka kumapeto kwa mchira kuli mpaka masentimita 96, ndipo zazikazi (zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala zazikulu kuposa zazimuna) zimatha kulemera mpaka kilogalamu 7.
7. Wokhala ndi bulu
Amadziwikanso ndi mayina ena ambiri, monga ashen owl, kadzidzi wa Lapland, kadzidzi wometedwa, kadzidzi imvi ndi mbalame yayikulu kwambiri, yodziwika ngati mitundu yayikulu kwambiri ya kadzidzi padziko lapansi m'litali (imatha kufikira masentimita 80).
Kadzidzi kadzidzi akuwoneka kuti ndi wamkulu komanso wamphamvu, koma mawonekedwe ake ndikupusitsa, chifukwa mbalameyi, yokutidwa ndi nthenga zovuta kwambiri, imalemera makilogalamu 1.29 okha.
6. Orlan Screamer
Pokhala pafupi ndi matupi amadzi kudera lonselo ku Sahara ku Africa, chiwombankhanga chofuula ndi mbalame yayikulu yakudya yomwe imafanana ndi chiwombankhanga paziwoneka.
Zachikazi zamtunduwu (zolemera mpaka ma kilogalamu 3.6 komanso zokhala ndi mapiko ofika mpaka 2.4 mita) ndizokulirapo kuposa zazimuna.
Pokhala imodzi mwa chiwombankhanga chotchuka kwambiri ku Africa, chiwombankhanga chofuula ndi mbalame yamtunduwu m'maiko ngati Zimbabwe, Zambia ndi South Sudan.
5. Cape vulture
Cape Vulture ndi nkhokwe yakale ya World World kumwera kwa Africa. Chimakhala makamaka m'chigawo cha Lesotho, Botswana ndi Namibia, msatsi wa cape ndi mbalame yayikulu komanso yolimba yomwe imagwira mpaka ma sentimita 115, imalemera mpaka kilogalamu 11 ndipo imakhala ndi mapiko ofika mamita 2.6.
4. Chiwombankhanga choyera
Imadziwikanso ndi chiwombankhanga chokhala ndi mawere oyera, chiwombankhanga chokhala ndi mbewa ndi mbalame yayikulu masana, ndipo imakhala m'dera lotalikirana kuchokera ku India kupita ku Sri Lanka kudera la Southeast Asia ndi Australia.
Mbalameyi imakhala m'mphepete mwa nyanja komanso m'mphepete mwa mitsinje yayikulu, kuswana ndi kusaka pafupi ndi madzi. Nsomba zimakhala pafupifupi theka la chakudya chake, komanso amathanso kusinthasintha.
Mbalame yodya nyama imatha kutalika mpaka 90cm, kutalika kwake, kukhala ndi mapiko ofika mpaka 2.2 metres ndi kulemera kwa ma kilogalamu 4.5.
3. Chiwombankhanga chachitali
Mphungu yayitali yokhala ndi chiwombankhanga chachikulu chofiirira chomwe chimakhala ku Central Asia. Mizere ya mbalameyo imafikira mainchesi 84 kutalika, mapikowo ndi okwanira masentimita 215.
Zakudya zake makamaka zimakhala ndi nsomba zamchere. Chiwombankhanga chachitali kwambiri mwina ndiye cholemera kwambiri kuposa mbalame zonse zodyedwa. Mlandu unalembedwa pomwe chiwombankhanga chathina lalitali chinagwira, kutukula ndikunyamula mlengalenga nsomba yomwe kulemera kwake inali kawiri.
2. Vuto la Griffon
Ili ndi mapiko otalika kupitirira 2.8 metres ndi kulemera kwa ma kilogalamu 15, gitala ya griffon ndi mtundu waukulu wa Old World, womwe umapezeka kumadera ambiri ku Europe ndi Asia. Zoweta m'magulu akulu mu miyala yosagwedezeka, yopanda anthu.
1. Chiwombankhanga
Pokhala mbalame yadziko lonse komanso nyama yachilengedwe ku United States, chiwombankhanga chamtundu wankhandwe ndi mbalame yayikulu yodya nyama yochokera ku banja la agogo, omwe amakhala m'malo ambiri kumpoto kwa America.
Msodzi wokongola wa nsomba, chiwombankhanga chodziwika bwino chimadziwika kuti chimamanga zisa zazikulu kwambiri za nthambi zonse za nyama zomwe zalembedwapo padziko lapansi: mpaka mamita anayi kuya ndi 2.5 mita mulifupi.
Mapiko awo apakati ndi mita 1.8-2.3, ndipo misa nthawi zambiri imachokera ku 3 mpaka 6.3 kilogalamu.