Makhalidwe abwino kwambiri ngati mlonda weniweni komanso wokhulupirika ndi msipu woweta maremma. Awa ndi agalu olimba, olimba a kukula kwakukulu, otalika pafupifupi 70 cm, olimbitsa thupi mwamphamvu komanso kulemera kwa kilogalamu 40 kapena kupitirira.
M'mabuku akale amafotokoza agalu oterewa, akuti agaluwa ayenera kulemera kwambiri kotero kuti ali opepuka kuthamangitsa zilombo zolusa ndi ng'ombe, komanso zolemera kwambiri kotero kuti amatha kugonjetsa mdani wamkulu.
Mtunduwu ndi umodzi wakale kwambiri, ndipo zidziwitso zoyambirira za maremmas zidapezeka kuchokera koyambira kwenikweni kwa nthawi yathu ino. Munthawi zakale izi, agalu anali oweta ng'ombe zodziwika bwino kwambiri ku Roma ndipo amayenda ndimtundu wa mayankhidwe.
Amakhulupirira kuti makolo a agaluwa nthawi ina adatsika m'mapiri aku Tibetan ndikusamukira ku Europe. Komabe, ndizosangalatsa kuti mfundo zoyambira ndi kunja kwake kwa purebred amayi sanasinthebe kuyambira nthawi zakalezi.
Agalu awa amadziwika ndi:
- mutu waukulu wokhala ndi mphumi wotsika komanso wosalala,
- thunthu lofanana ndi nkhope ya chimbalangondo,
- makutu osunthika, opindika atatu,
- maso akuda, mawonekedwe a amondi
- mphuno yayikulu yakuda
- pakamwa ndi mano opindika bwino,
- eyel ndi milomo yaying'ono youma iyenera kukhala yakuda.
- kufota kowoneka bwino kwa nyamazo kumatuluka kwambiri kuposa kumbuyo kwa minofu,
- chifuwa ndi chopindika, cholimba komanso chachikulu,
- Mchiuno mwamafuta
- miyendo yamphamvu, yozungulira, miyendo yakumbuyo yake yopota pang'ono,
- mchira wake ndiwofewetsa komanso wotsika.
Monga mukuwonera Chithunzi cha Maremma, agalu ali ndi khungu loyera chipale chofewa, ndipo malinga ndi mitundu yobereketsa kusiyanasiyana komwe kumakhala ndi mithunzi yachikasu ndi beige imaloledwa m'malo osiyana ndi kutsogolo. Kutalika kwa tsitsi lalitali la m'busayo kumatha kufika 10 cm m'malo ena a thupi, ndikupanga mtundu wa mane pakhosi ndi mapewa.
Komanso, imakhala yofupikitsa pamakutu, pamutu ndi m'mawondo. Mkati mwamkati mwamphamvu mumathandizira galu kuti asazizirebe ngakhale kuzizira kwambiri, ndipo mawonekedwe apadera a tsitsilo amakupatsani mwayi kuti muzimva bwino ngakhale kutentha kwambiri. Kupukutidwa ndi timindata tambiri, mafuta amachititsa kuti ubweya ukhale wodziyeretsa, ndipo matope owuma amagwera tsitsi osatsuka komanso osakhudzana ndi madzi.
Chithunzi chojambulidwa maremma abruzza m'busa
Mitundu ya Maremma
Agalu a mtundu uwu nthawi zambiri amatchedwa maremma abruzza m'busa wotchedwa zigawo ziwiri zakale za ku Italy, komwe agalu anali ofala makamaka. Choonadi sichidziwika kuti ndi malo ati omwe mtunduwu udawonekerapo kale.
Ndipo pamwambowu panthawi yomwe panali zovuta zambiri zomwe pamapeto pake kunyengerera koyenera kunapezeka. Kwa zaka mazana ambiri, agaluwa akhala abwenzi odzipereka kwambiri komanso othandizira abusa, kupulumutsa ng'ombe kuchokera kuzilombo zamtchire ndi anthu opanda chisomo, kupeza ng'ombe ndi mbuzi zotayika.
Mtundu woyera maremma a ku Italy zinathandiza eni ake kuti asayiwale galu wawo mu mdima wamtchire komanso usiku wa mitambo, komanso kusiyanitsa agalu mosavuta ndi omwe amadyera masuku pamutu. Amakhulupilira kuti makolo a agalu oterewa ndi omwe adayambitsa mabusa onse omwe palibe padziko lapansi.
Wojambula ku Maremma waku Italy
Ndemanga za Maremma chitirani umboni kuti mpaka pano abwenzi odalirika awa a munthu sanataye machitidwe awo achitetezo ndi ubusa, kutumikira mokhulupirika kwa anthu amakono, monga momwe amathandizira makolo awo akale, omwe adawaganizira kuti agalu ndi agalu abwino.
Nyama izi zimakhala ndi umunthu wowala ndi charisma, ndipo umunthu wawo umafunikira chiwonetsero. Adazolowera kuzindikira mwamwiniyo ngati cholengedwa chofanana ndi iye, akumamuwona ngati mnzake komanso mnzake wapabanja, koma osatinso.
Agalu a Maremma-Abruzzi a Mbusa ali ndi luntha lopambana, ndipo malingaliro awo kwa osadziwika amapangika kuchokera kwa iwo eni, kutengera ubale ndi anthu ena a mwini wakeyo komanso mamembala ake. Ndipo ngati munthu sachita chilichonse chokayikitsa ndipo ali paubwenzi ndi anthu okhala mnyumbamo, ma watchdog sangamuwonetsere nkhanza zosayenera.
Kuphatikiza apo, Maremmas amakonda ana ndipo nthawi zambiri samawakhumudwitsa. Woyang'anira, gawo lomwe adaligwiritsa ntchito, agalu amatha kukhudzana ndi alendo a mnyumbamo modekha masana, koma kufunitsitsa kuyendera usiku sikungakhale kovutitsa alendo akunja popanda zotsatira zosasangalatsa.
Agalu amayi chofunikira kwambiri kumidzi kuteteza msipu ndi kuteteza ku zowopsa zodya nkhalango. Ndipo machitidwe awo oyang'anira ndi ubusa amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachangu masiku ano ku Europe, komanso ndi alimi aku US.
Chisamaliro cha Maremma ndi zakudya
Agalu oterowo amasungidwa bwino mu eyapoti, koma kuyenda tsiku ndi tsiku kumafunikanso. Ana agalu a Maremma Amafunikanso kuphunzitsidwa zolimba, zomwe ndizofunikira kuti apangidwe bwino.
Kuphunzitsa ndi kuphunzitsa galu, kulimba mtima, kupirira komanso kulimba mtima kwa mwini wake ndikofunikira, koma panthawi imodzimodzi chikondi, kumvetsetsa chithandizo. Maremmas sakhala olamulira komanso odandaula nthawi zonse, ndipo pano wopepuka ayenera kuwonetsedwa wophunzitsayo.
Malingaliro okakamiza mwankhaza komanso kufunitsitsa kukwiya agalu awa amatha kutha polephera kwa wonyada wonyada wosakwanira. Ichi ndichifukwa chake munthu wokhazikika komanso wodziwa bwino yekha ndi amene angathe kugula maremma. Tsitsi la nyama limafunika chisamaliro tsiku lililonse. Iyenera kumetedwa ndi burashi yolimba yachitsulo.
Ndipo ngati galu atayenda pang'ono kunyowetsa mvula, ndibwino kuti lipukute ndi thaulo lowuma nthawi yomweyo pobwerera kunyumba. Potentha, nyamazo zimafunikira madzi ambiri, ndipo siziyenera kusungidwa padzuwa. Koma amalekerera chisanu champhamvu mosavuta komanso amasangalala kugona m'chipale chofewa. Agalu nthawi zambiri mwachilengedwe amakhala ndi thanzi labwino, kuphatikiza matenda abwinobwino.
Koma kuti akule bwino mthupi, muyenera kupeza chakudya chamagulu komanso zakudya zopatsa thanzi, zomwe zimaphatikizapo mavitamini ofunikira komanso mavitamini osiyanasiyana, komanso calcium yambiri yazakudya, zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri pakupanga mafupa olimba a nyama.
Ndikofunika kwa mwana waung'ono yemwe wangomaliza kudya mkaka wa amayi kuti aperekere mpunga kapena phala la oatmeal, tchizi chokoleti ndi kefir, pang'onopang'ono kuwonjezera mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nyama muzakudya. Ziweto zachikulire zimapatsidwa mankhwala okhala ndi mavitamini ndi michere, komanso masamba owiritsa. Agalu akuluakulu ayenera kudyetsedwa ng'ombe ndi chiwindi.
Mtengo wa Maremma
Kubadwa kwa Maremma a Abruzzi a Abusa akugwira mwakhama ntchito ku Italy. Ku Russia, obereketsa akufuna kwambiri mtunduwu posachedwa, koma ali ndi chidwi ndi nkhaniyi, ndi cholinga chofuna kusinthitsa agalu osasamba komanso akunja. chifukwa chake gulani galu wambusa maremma ndizotheka kuziberekera kunyumba. Mutha kumubweretsanso kunja.
Zithunzi-thunzi za Maremma
Popeza ana agalu amtunduwu ndi osowa kwambiri masiku athu ano, ndipo kuweta konse kumachitika kokha kudzera m'bungwe loyenerera lobereketsa agalu, mtengo wa amayi siyotsika kwambiri ndipo, monga lamulo, ndi osachepera 30,000, ndipo nthawi zina imafika ma ruble 80,000. Ndipo pamenepa phindu limatengera makolo ndi zabwino za makolowo, komanso chiyembekezo cha agalu omwe atengedwa.
Mbiri yakale yakubadwa
Nkhaniyi imanena kuti mtundu wotere wa agalu udayamba kuwonekera kumayiko aku Italy. Adawabweretsa kudziko lino ndi Aeneas, amene adathawa Troy. Asayansi sakhulupirira kwenikweni nthanozo, chifukwa chake mtundu wovomerezeka wa mawonekedwe amtunduwu wa agalu umadalira kuti makolo a abusa amakono a Abruzzi anali abusa wamba aku Asia. Amaganizira kuti adatsagana ndi a ma Aryan omwe adasamukira ku Europe kuchokera kumapiri a Tibet.
Kutchulidwa mu magawo oyamba odalirika amatumiza anthu ku nthawi ya nthawi yathu ino, pomwe anali kale ndi chofunikira chodzitchinjiriza.
Dzinali la M'busa wa ku Italy limalumikizidwa ndi mizinda iwiri ku Italy: Abruzzi ndi Maremma. Anthu okhala m'mizinda adakondana ndi agalu oyera oyera ngati chipale chofewa, chifukwa chomwe panali kutsutsana zambiri za dzina loti apereke kwa oteteza okhulupirikawo. Popanda kuti agwirizane, anthu adagwirizana ndikupeza mtunduwo "Maremma-Abruzza".
Italy sindiye dziko lokha lomwe linagonjetsedwa ndi agalu awa. Pambuyo kanthawi kochepa kwambiri, onse ku Europe adawonetsa kukonda kwawo mawonekedwe apamwamba ndi mawonekedwe odabwitsa a abusa oterowo.
Ngakhale anali ndi chikondi chaponseponse, agalu a Maremma-Abutsk Shepherd, ngati mtundu wina wa galu, adadziwika ndi International Cynological Organisation mu 1956 zokha.
Utoto ndi mtundu wa chovala
Nthawi zambiri agalu amakhala ndi mtundu wa malaya oyera oyera. M'mbuyomu, mwayiwu udagwiritsidwa ntchito poteteza ziweto. Mbusa nthawi zonse, ngakhale usiku kwambiri, amatha kubusa. Tsopano mtundu woyera umapangitsa Chitaliyana kukhala chokongola kwambiri komanso chokoma. Pafupi ndi galuyo payenera kukhala kupendekera pang'ono kwa tsitsi lakuda - izi zimakupatsani mwayi wowunikira maso, kuwapanga kukhala akulu komanso owonekera. Zomwe sizimakonda ndi agalu abusa osuta kapena oyera pamtundu, omwe amakonda kwambiri imvi.
Zaumoyo ndi Matenda
Agalu satengera matenda amtundu uliwonse. Ngati munthu aganiza zobisalira mbusa, ndiye kuti ayenera kudziwa kuti galu sangatengeke ndi matenda ambiri. Chabwino kwambiri ndichakuti palibe matenda omwe amapangidwira chibadwa.
Mitunduyi ili ndi cholowa chachikulu. Izi ndichifukwa choti mtundu wa agalu udachokera munthawi ya nthawi yathu ino. Mwa matenda omwe mwapeza, munthu amatha kuzindikira kuwopsa kwa nyama chifukwa cha matenda ophatikizika ndi chida chonse. Chodabwitsa cha maremmas ndikuti amadzisankhira pawokha zakusankha zawo.
Zaka za galu zikakhala zoyenera, ndiye kuti zimangosiya kudya ndi kumwa. Sitingathe kupirira mopitirira malire, thupi limazirala. Sizingatheke kukhumudwitsa Mbusa wa ku Italy kuti asankhe izi. Zachilengedwe izi zimangogwira ntchito pokhapokha ngati zafa mwachilengedwe.
Kuwonongeka kwa Mbusa wa Maremma-Abruzzo
Ichi ndi chimodzi mwazamba zakale zopangidwa kuteteza gulu la nkhosa. Zinali zofala ku madera aku Italiya a Umbria, Puglia, Maremma, Calabria ndi Abruzzo. Panali mimbulu yambiri pamayiko awa, chifukwa chake agalu anali ofunika kuteteza nkhosazo. Nthawi zina amatchedwa "abusa aku Italiya." Kukhazikika kwa Maremma sikungoteteza kwa gulu la nkhosa. Agalu amatha kukhala ngati olondera katundu komanso malo okhala. Ziweto zimateteza gawo lawo mpaka kumapeto ndipo sizingalole aliyense kulowamo.
Khalidwe ndi luntha
Khalidwe la abwenzi anayi ndilovuta. Pali mtundu umodzi wamakhalidwe ake omwe amatsimikizira udindo wake ngati mlenje. Mbusayo amatha kuukira mdani mwachangu kwambiri. Abusawo atatsogolera gululo kupita kudambo, galuyo anali wotayika pakati pawo ndikudikirira modekha kuti tsiku lithe.
Ngati mdani aliyense abwera pafupi ndi gululo, m'busayo amadumphira kunja kwa nkhosayo yoyera, ndikulira, ndikuukira wolakwayo. Kamodzi kesi adalemba pomwe galu amachotsa chimbalangondo kutali ndi ng'ombe kwa maola atatu. Agalu abusa a Maremma-Abutsk amawongolera bwino madera ozungulira mozungulira, palibe amene angabisike kwa iye. Pamaso pa munthu, galu ndi wopanda ulemu ndipo amavomera mosavuta kuti atuluke.
Maganizo a ana ndi anthu ena
Galu adzamukonda kokha mwana "wabwinobwino", yemwe nthawi zonse amakhala mumulu wa kulumikizana kwake. Kulumikizana tsiku ndi tsiku kumapangitsa kuti galu alowe mwana ndikukhala bwenzi lake lapamtima. Nthawi zambiri, abusa ku Italy amasewera ndi ana awo, kudya ndi kugona. Kudya kumakhala kosagawanika. Koma galu sakonda alendo.
Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake akuluakulu, ayesera kuteteza mwana wake ku chiopsezo chomwe chitha. Ngati m'banjamo momwe ziweto zimakhalamo, ambiri, mulibe ana, koma simuyenera kubweretsa alendo ndi ana. Galu amatha kuchita zankhanza ndikuwawopsa khandalo.
Mbusa akadziwana ndi mwana, ndikofunikira kuti galu, monga mwana, akhale momasuka, akhale wokwanira komanso wogona. Kenako kuzolowera kudzachita bwino.
Maphunziro ndi maphunziro
Ndiosavuta kuphunzitsa m'busa wotere. Ziweto zimaphunzira mwachangu kwambiri ndipo zimatenga chidziwitso chatsopano ngati siponji. Vutoli ndikukula kuchoka ku chilombo cholowera kupita kwa omvera alonda. Pali malamulo angapo omwe amakulolani kukwaniritsa zotsatira mwachangu:
- ndikofunikira kuphunzitsa m'busa kuyambira wazaka zazing'ono, ndiye kuti ntchito, maluso ndi luso zidzapangidwira ndikuvomerezedwa, ngati chowonadi chomaliza,
- pofuna kudzutsa galu wanzeru komanso wodalirika, ndikofunikira kuyendetsa nyamayo m'malo opezeka anthu ambiri: m'mapaki, mabwalo, malo ochitira masewera - komwe kuli anthu ambiri,
- ngati simukuphonya chiwopsezo cha mwana wakhanda mpaka miyezi isanu ndi umodzi ndikuyamba kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, ndiye kuti nthawi yaunyamata kuyambira miyezi isanu ndi umodzi mpaka iwiri idzadutsa eni ake popanda zodabwitsa komanso zovuta,
- kuyambira koyamba kwenikweni ndikofunikira kusankha "ndani wamkulu mnyumba." Ngati bambo adatenga galu, ndiye kuti zochita zake siziyenera kufunsidwa. Anthu onse m'banjamo ayenera kugonjera modzicepetsa kwa wamkulu wacinyumbayo. Kuti mwana wa ku Mbusa waku Italy amvetsetse izi, ndikofunikira kuti pakakhala kusamvera, akanikizire thupi pansi ndikugwira mpaka chiweto chitaleka kutulutsa.
- pofuna kulanga nyama pophunzitsa galuyu, njira ya Withers nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Zimatanthawuza kuti chiweto chonyansa chimayenera kutengedwa ndi kunenepa kwa khosi lake ndikukwezedwa pansi. Mwachilengedwe, njirayi ndi yoyenera kwambiri kwa ana agalu.
Kugwiritsa ntchito
Nthawi zambiri galu wotere amasungidwa m'nyumba yabwinobwino ndipo amateteza katundu wa eni. Zimachitikanso kuti amabweretsedwa kumalo osungirako apadera, m'masitolo kapena m'mafakitale momwe wotetezera mwachangu, wofulumira ndi wofulumira amafunikira.
Ubwino ndi kuipa kwa mtundu
Galu ndi cholengedwa chomwe chimakhala ndi zofuna zake, kaganizidwe kake komanso kokhala ndi machitidwe ake apadera. Mwachilengedwe, ali ndi zabwino komanso zovuta zake. Ubwino wa mbusayo ukuphatikiza kudzipatulira kwake kwa mwini wakeyo komanso mtundu wofunika kwambiri wa mlonda. Kuphatikiza apo, sizifunikira chisamaliro chovuta komanso chokwanira. Galu limasiyanitsidwa ndi luntha lapamwamba, poyerekeza ndi mitundu ina ya ma tetrapod, limaphunzira mofulumira kwambiri. Komanso ali ndi thanzi labwino kwambiri, sizachilendo kuti Mbusa wa ku Italiya ali ndi zodwala mwamwayi.
Mwa mphindi, munthu atha kusiya mantha ake osawadziwa, ngati galu wamkulu sangadziwe munthu, ndiye kuti "chikondi pakuwona" chidzapweteketsa. Modabwitsa, ziweto zoterezi ndizobwezerera, zimakumbukira onse omwe adazichita powona. Tsoka ilo, palibe amene anganenere zomwe zimachitika m'mutu wa mtundu wotere. Amadziwika ndi kusinthasintha kwachangu kwambiri komanso kuwukira. Mwiniyo akamayenda maremma, kuluma kwambiri kwa agalu ena kumakwiyitsa galu, mwadzidzidzi, popeza kutha kuwoneka ngati ngozi yophulika.
Galu ndi wosazindikira kwambiri posamalira. Ubweya oyera ngati chipale chofewa uli ndi chinthu chabwino kwambiri chodziyeretsa. Chifukwa chake, kuti tisunge kukongola ndi gloss, ndikokwanira kuphatikiza chiweto ndi ukonde wapadera wa nyama kawiri pa tsiku, komanso kusambitsanso osaposa 2 mlungu uliwonse ndi shampoo yapadera ya agalu.
Ponena za nyama, zimasinthidwa kuti zizikhala mumsewu. Ngati mwini wakeyo ali ndi nyumba yodziyimira payokha, ndiye kuti ndikokwanira kuti ayike nyumba yayikulu komanso yabwino. Galu yamtunduwu imakonda kwambiri malo ake.
Amadziwa komwe gawo lawo lili. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuti m'busa amvetse izi.Mnzanu wa miyendo inayi akakhala mnyumbamo, amatha kumgawana bulangete yayikulu, kumangiriridwa kanayi kapena kugula bedi la agalu ofunika.
Ponena za zakudya za nyamayo, ndiye kuti malingaliro ake ndi ofanana. Nyama iyenera kudyetsedwa kokha ndi zinthu zachilengedwe. Zakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku ziyenera kuphatikizapo nyama, masamba, chimanga. Ngati mukufuna, mutha kupha nsomba kapena nsomba zina zam'nyanja. Zakudya zotere zimakhala ndi mapuloteni ambiri.
Ngati, komabe, mwininyumbayo adaganiza zodyetsa chiweto chake ndi chakudya chouma, ndiye ndikofunikira kusankha mtundu wa chakudya. Kuti muchite izi, ndibwino kupita kukaonana ndi veterinarian yemwe angasankhe choyenera. Simuyenera kudyetsa chiweto mopitilira katatu patsiku, magawo sayenera kukhala akulu kwambiri.
Kuti galu amve bwino, ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti apatse mavitamini ndi michere yambiri yomwe ingathandize kukhala ndi thanzi la mbusa tsiku lililonse.
Momwe mungasankhire mwana
Ngati munthu wasankha kukhala mwini wa tianapiye tating'ono wa Maremma, choyambirira, ayenera kudziwa udindo womwe udzagwera pamapewa ake ndikubwera kwa wina wapabanja. Ngati lingaliro lili lomaliza ndipo silingakatsidwe, ndiye kuti mutha kupita ku nazale kapena kuyitanitsa mtundu wa mtunduwu kuti mugwirizane pakugula.
Chizindikiro chachikulu chomwe chimayenera kuloledwa kwa munthu posankha ndi mawonekedwe a mwana. Muyenera kuyang'ana momwe zinthu ziliri: kodi ana agalu amalemedwa bwino, ndi tsitsi lamtundu wanji, pali zizindikiro zilizonse zamagulu oonda. Ndipo muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa maso a mwana, kuwayang'ana ngati mafinya ndi misozi yambiri. Komanso zimayang'anitsitsa unus wa mwana wa galu. Kodi ndi yoyera mokwanira? Ngati pali dothi, ndiye kuti mwana ali kale ndi matenda otsekula m'mimba kapena chizindikiro chodziwika cha kudzimbidwa.
Ndikofunika kuyang'ana mwana wanu wamwamuna kuti akuwone ngati chophukitsa. Kuti muchite izi, ikani nyamayo pamalo osalala ndi miyendo inayi ndikuyang'ana m'mimba. Ngati pali hernia, imawoneka ngati tubercle yaying'ono m'dera la navel. Galu wathanzi amakhala wachangu komanso wosangalala. Amalandira mosangalala aliyense amene akufuna kuti akumane naye. Mwana akagona nthawi zonse - ichi ndi chizindikilo chathanzi.
Ali aang'ono, agalu onse amasewera kwambiri, amayesa kukwera pabwaloli ndipo ali ndi chidaliro kale pamapazi awo, akusewera ndi abale ndi alongo awo nthawi zonse. Pakadali pano, nkovuta kwa woweta galu wodziwa zambiri kuti alosere momwe mwana wagalu amakulira ndi momwe machitidwe ake amakulira. Chifukwa chake, muzochitika zotere, ziweto zimasankhidwa mawonekedwe. Amatenga amene amakonda kwambiri.
Mitundu yofananira
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Galu wa Phiri la Bernese | M'busa Woyera waku Swiss | M'busa waku Australia |
Kanema wokhudza mtundu
Mbusa yemwe amberera Maremma-Abruck Mbusa amakondedwa kwambiri ndi eni ake. Zimaphatikiza mawonekedwe okongola komanso owoneka bwino komanso mkwiyo wotentha wa alonda. Ziweto zoterezi zimatha kukhala membala wathunthu wabanja. Mukalera mwana wakhanda molondola, bwenzi lokhulupirika komanso lodalirika limakula. Kutenga mbusa ku Italiya mnyumba, munthu ayenera kudziwa bwino malamulo osamalira ndi kusamalira, komanso kukonzekera malo omwe nyamayo imakhala. Sanjani pa mbale ndi mbale zakumwa, komanso gulirani zoseweretsa za nyama kuti chiwalo chatsopano cha banja chisadzitope.
Mbiri yakale ya mitundu
Palibe chidziwitso chokwanira cha mtunduwo. Pali lingaliro kuti limatenga mizu kuchokera kwa agalu omwe amadyetsa ziweto m'malo okwezeka a Iberian. M'busayo adakhala ndikuwoneka kwamakono m'zaka za zana la 19. Abambo a chilombochi adapezeka chifukwa cha kuwoloka kwachilengedwe kwa agalu omwe amagwira ntchito pakuwongoletsa gulu la nkhosa kuchokera ku zigawo zaku Italy za Abruzzo ndi Maremma. Madera onse awiriwa akuti ndi mtundu wa zolengedwa. Chifukwa cha mikangano, zidasankhidwa kuphatikiza dzina la zigawo mu dzina la mtunduwu.
Maremma pa msipu waku Spain
Zosangalatsa! Kwa nthawi yayitali, zigawo ziwiri zaku Italy, Abruzzo ndi Maremma, adamenyera ufulu wotchedwa dziko la mbusa.
White Italian Shepherd anadziwika ndi International Cynological Association kokha mu 1958.
Mawonekedwe ndi machitidwe
Kutetezedwa kosalekeza kwa zinthu zamunthu kwapangitsa kuti agalu azitha kupanga okha payokha. Poyang'ana koyamba, zitha kuwoneka kuti maremmas ndi agalu ochedwa komanso aulesi, koma malingaliro awa ndi osocheretsa. Ziwetozi sizifuna kuyenda osafunikira ndipo zimangodya mphamvu zikafunika.
Zofunika! Maremma ndi agalu anzeru odziimira, amakonda kulemekezedwa. Chilombo sichingakakamizidwe kupereka malamulo ngati sichikufuna. Ndikofunika kumanga ubale wodalirika ndi chiwetocho.
Agalu Abusa a Abrutsk ndi agalu odziyang'anira okha, agalu a ulemu wonse. Ogwira ntchito amalumikizana bwino gulu. Mitundu imadziwika kuti ndi yanzeru kwambiri pakati pa mitundu yomwe imayang'anira ziweto.
Moyo wa mibadwo yambiri yokhayokha ndi gulu lankhosa, usiku wonse limakhala pagululo ndipo ntchito yoyenda nthawi yonseyo imapangitsa kuti agalu akhale. Mikhalidwe ya Harsh idapangitsa abusa wa Maremma Abruzzo kukhala walonda weniweni. Nyama imadziwika ndi kudziyimira pawokha, malo owonetsetsa komanso kuthekera kuyima payokha komanso gulu la ng'ombe.
Ubale ndi anthu ndi ziweto
Mukapeza mwana wa agalu a Maremma, muyenera kukonzekera kuti mtundu uwu umafuna kudzilemekezani. Galu amadziona ngati membala wofanana m'banjamo komanso mnzake, osati wocheperako. Chitani ulemu chiweto chanu, khalani olankhulana mogwirizana.
Zofunika! M'busayo amadzichepetsera ana aang'ono, amagwirizana ndi ziweto zina. Galu sadzayambitsa mkangano.
Maremma pawonetsero nthawi zambiri amatenga mphotho
Makhalidwe otetezeka
Poteteza gawo, galu amakhala wopanda phokoso losafunikira. Akaukira akafika, amatha kusankha okha ndikumanga alendo osawadziwa.
Abrick Wolfhound sadzagwedezeka popanda chifukwa. Galu lidzaukira pokhapokha munthu ali pangozi. Galu, amene amateteza chinthu, amatenga malo owonetsetsa, ngati pachitika ngozi, achenjeza yemwe akuphwanya malire ndi mawu kapena kuwukira pompopompo.
Chifukwa chazinyama zazikulu, maremmas amagwiritsidwabe ntchito posamalira nkhosa kuteteza nkhosa ku mimbulu, coyotes ndi ngakhale zimbalangondo. Galuyo amatha kuthamangitsa nyama yomwe imamenya.
Kuyenda
M'busa wa Maremmo Abruckian, ngati agalu onse ogwira ntchito, amafunikira masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi yayitali. Izi ziyenera kukumbukiridwa poyambira mwana.
Ngati chiweto chikukhala m'nyumba yanyumba, kuyenda kumayenera kukhala maola angapo patsiku. Kuti muchepetse kupsinjika, ndikwabwino kuyendetsa chiweto kumalo osiyanasiyana, kupatsa mwayi wolankhulana ndi agalu ena. Chidwi chosangalatsa ndichofunikira makamaka munthawi yakukula kwa ana, kuti apange khola la psyche ndi chigoba.
Kukwera miyendo ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti kuthandizire ndi katundu wamagetsi, maphunziro opirira, kuthana ndi zopinga.
Zindikirani! Agalu atadzazidwa moyenda ndi zolimbitsa thupi amabwerera kunyumba atatopa.
Malo abwino kwambiri okhala Abolftskiy Wolfhound adzakhala nyumba yamtunda yokhala ndi malo akulu oyenda. Zikatero, galu amatha kuwongolera gawo, kupeza lalikulu ndikuwonetsa machitidwe ake oteteza. Kubweretsa galu pa chandamale sikulimbikitsidwa.
Kuyenda kwa ziweto kumafuna masewera osiyanasiyana olimbitsa thupi
Kulera ndi kuphunzitsa
Muyenera kulera mwana wakhanda akangoyamba kuyenda kapena atagula. Galu la Abusa la Abrutsk ali ndi munthu wodziimira payekha, mwiniwake ayenera kumuwonetsa yemwe ali wamkulu m'banjamo. Nyama imayenera kuphunzitsidwa kumvera, apo ayi imakula kukhala galu wosalamulirika komanso wankhanza.
Popeza kukula kwa galu, nyama yamakhalidwe oyipa imakhala vuto lalikulu kwa anthu omwe ali nayo. Poyenda, chiweto chimathamangira agalu ena ndi ana, sichingalemekeze mwiniwakeyo komanso anthu ena onse a pabanja. M'nyumba momwe agalu akukhalamo, palibe wakunja yemwe angalowe.
Zosalimbikitsa! Panthawi yopanga mafupa, sikofunikira kulongedza petulo mwachangu.
Kuphunzitsa ndikukhazikitsa njira yoyenera ya galu Maremma, ndikwabwino kulumikizana ndi katswiri wodziwa galu. Amuphunzitsa galu kuti ayankhe moyenera pazokopa zoyandikana, anthu, amphaka. Katswiriyu amaphunzitsa chilombocho malamulo oyenerera.
Kusamalira mtundu woyera-wa chipale chofewa
Galu wa Abbor, monga zokonda zonse zowonongeka, amafunikira chisamaliro cha anthu. Katemera amatengedwa nthawi ndi nthawi kuti amupime ndi kuperekera katemera ku veterinarian, amaletsedwa mphutsi, ndipo tsitsi lawo limadulidwa. M'nyengo yotentha, galu samatopa ndi kutentha, chifukwa cha mtundu woyera, womwe umanyezimira kuwala kwa dzuwa.
Mawonekedwe a chisamaliro cha tsitsi
Kusamalira chophimba choyera cha Mbusa wa ku Italiya ndikosavuta kuposa kusamalira tsitsi lakuda la mitundu ina. Mawonekedwe osalala komanso osasunthika a tsitsi salola kuti litsiro lithe, ali ndi katundu wodziyeretsa yekha. Ndiye chifukwa chake nkhandwe yam'mapiri nthawi zonse imawoneka yoyera komanso yokongoletsedwa bwino. Ndikokwanira kutsuka chiweto chisanafike ziwonetsero kapena kawiri pachaka.
Kuti tipewe kuwoneka ngati ma warlocks ndikufulumizitsa kukonzanso kwa undercoat, galu amayenera kutulutsidwa kangapo sabata.
M'busa wachilengedwe pakati pa nkhosayo amakhala wosaoneka
Momwe mungadyetsere ziweto
Kuti chiweto chizikhala chathanzi komanso chizikhala chathanzi kwa zaka zambiri, zakudya za galu Maremma ziyenera kukhala zoyenera. Zakudya zowuma za Premium zimakhala ndi zakudya, mavitamini ndi michere yambiri yofunika galu wamkulu.
Kuti musankhe kudya koyenera, ndibwino kukaonana ndi veterinarian. Adzatenga zakudya kapena zakudya zachilengedwe kuchokera ku nyama zokhala ndi mavitamini ofunikira. Zosakaniza zowuma zimasankhidwa molingana ndi zaka komanso thanzi la nyama.
Muyenera kudziwa! Osamapereka chakudya chouma komanso chachilengedwe kwa galu. Zakudya zachilengedwe ziyenera kukhala 50% nyama yopendekera.
Pali zosiyana pakudya kwa galu wachikulire ndi galu. Kuyambira kubadwa mpaka mwezi, ana amakhala ndi mkaka wa m'mawere wokwanira. Kenako achinyamata amayamba kudyetsa nyama yophika, tchizi tchizi ndi kefir, masamba ndi mbewu monga chimanga. Chiwerengero cha odyetserawa chimayambira 6 pa tsiku, chikamakula chimatsika mpaka katatu pakudya. Pakatha chaka, galu amapatsidwa chakudya kamodzi patsiku.
Ndikoletsedwa kupereka zakudya zokazinga, zamchere, komanso zonunkhira. Nyama imapatsidwa mwayi wopezeka ndi madzi abwino.
Matenda ndi chiyembekezo cha moyo
Popeza mwamunayo sanasokoneze kupanga izi, abusa a Abruzzi ali ndi thanzi labwino, lotsogozedwa ndi masankhidwe achilengedwe a anthu amphamvu.
Ngati galu samadyetsedwa bwino, akhoza kukhala ndi mavuto am'mimba ndi khungu. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa thupi, ana agalu ali pachiwopsezo cha matenda ophatikizika. Muyenera kudziwa kuti nthawi yakula, agalu amafunikira chakudya chokhala ndi calcium yambiri kuti apange ndikulimbitsa mafupa.
Muyenera kudziwa! Kutalika kwa moyo wa maremmas, monga agalu onse akulu, sikutali - mpaka zaka 12.
Momwe mungagule ndikusankha mwana wa galu
Mtengo wa ana agalu a maremma, kutengera kuyera kwa kubereka komanso kuchuluka kwa makolo, zitha kufikira ma ruble 80,000 *.
Oimira omwe ali ndi zolakwika pakuwoneka akhoza kukhala otsika mtengo. Izi zitha kukhala kusowa kwa mano, kukokana kwa mafupa, kukhuthala kwa tsitsi. Ngati munthu akufuna kutenga galu osati ziwonetsero, koma mzimu, mutha kuganizira za kusankha kwa mwana waubwana wosalimba.
Kutenga nawo mbali mu kuswana ndi ziwonetsero, agalu amagulidwa muma kennels ndi mbiri yotsimikiziridwa.
Ngati mukufuna mnzanu wodalirika komanso woyang'anira malo, muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa Maremma - M'busa wa Abruzzo. Galu ali ndi machitidwe abwino ochezera. Ngakhale kukula kwazaka, nkhandwe ya ku Italiya imadya pang'ono, ndizachuma kwambiri kusamalira chiweto. Nyamayo imakutidwa ndi tsitsi loyera chipale chofewa, lomwe limakhala ndi zinthu zodziyeretsa ndekha, zomwe zimathandizira kusamalira chiweto.
Mbiri yakubadwa
Maremma - zoona abusa galu yemwe makolo ake adabwera kudera la Europe kuchokera ku nsonga za Chitibetan kale nthawi yathu ino. Agalu onga agalu kapena amisala opukutira omwe amayenda ndi ma nomads amakhala oyambitsa abusa ambiri.
Mbusayo ankateteza gulu la anthu odziwika achiroma. Pofotokozeredwa galuyo, wa m'zaka za zana la A.D., maremma akufotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane, mtundu woyera kapena wachikasu amtunduwu ukusonyezedwa.
Mtundu wowala umaloledwa kusiyanitsa galu ndi mdani kuchokera patali mumdima.
Aroma amavala ziweto zawo kolala yapaderazopangidwa ndi zikopa zofewa ndi misomali lakuthwa kapena ma spikes, kuti mutiteteze kwambiri ku mimbulu. Mafotokozedwe a nthawi imeneyo amawonetsa mwachindunji kuti woweta ng'ombe kapena oweta sayenera kukhala opepuka ngati ma greyhound, koma osalemera ngati alonda a mnyumbamo. Kulemera kwake kuyenera kuloleza gonjetsani nkhandwe ndikuthawa mosatopa pagululo.
Anthu aku Italiya anali onyada kwambiri komanso onyada ndi galu wawo, ndipo kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 20 kalabu yoyamba yachipembedzo idakhazikitsidwa, ndipo mu 1924 muyezo wapamwamba unapangidwa. Koma zinatenga zaka zina makumi anayi kuti oberedwayo afikire lingaliro limodzi ndikupeza mtundu wolocha wa dzina la mtunduwo, ndikupanga mtundu wosinthidwa.
Tsiku lokhazikitsidwa kwamayiko padziko lonse lapansi ndi 1958. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, maremmas afalikira padziko lonse lapansi, chifukwa mikhalidwe yawo yofunafuna idafunidwa kwambiri.
Konrad Lorenz wodziwika bwino adachita kafukufuku wodziyimira pawokha wa mtunduwu ndipo adazindikira kuti a Maremma-Abruzzi Shepherd - chitetezo chabwinogalu.
Galu wa Maremma. Kufotokozera, mawonekedwe, chilengedwe, mitundu, chisamaliro ndi mtengo wa maremma
Dzina la galu limalumikizidwa ndi zigawo ziwiri zaku Italy: Maremma ndi Abruzzo, dzina lomwe adatipatsa dzina - Maremma Abruzza galu wabusa. M'maderawa, imakhala ngati mbusa wamphamvu. Ku Apennines ndi m'mphepete mwa Adriatic, kuweta nkhosa kumatsika, koma agalu abusa apulumuka, kuswana kukukulira.
Kodi mbusa wa ku Italy amawoneka bwanji
Kunja, galu Maremma amapereka chithunzi cha galu wamphamvu, wamkulu komanso wamtali. Mayendedwe ake ali opepuka komanso mkwiyo wake wamoyo. Ngakhale ndi kukula kwake komanso mawonekedwe ake amphamvu, galu amatha kumangokwera phiri lalitali. Chovala choyera chaching'ono chimapereka kuchuluka kwa chiwetocho. Maremma ali ndi mutu waukulu, zibwano zamphamvu, makutu ang'ono opachika. Pogwiritsa ntchito kulemera kwake, nyamayo imakhalabe yozungulira komanso pulasitiki. Mwambiri, galu wowoneka bwino komanso wakhalidwe labwino.
Kufotokozera ndi Makhalidwe
Muyeso woyamba, womwe umalongosola molondola momwe mtunduwo unasungidwira, unapangidwa mu 1924. Mu 1958, muyezo adagwirizana ndikusindikizidwa, kuphatikiza mitundu iwiri ya galu: Marem ndi Abruck. Kutulutsa kwaposachedwa kwa muyezo kumeneku kunatulutsidwa ndi FCI mu 2015. Imafotokoza mwatsatanetsatane chomwe, mbusa Wachitaliyana ayenera kukhala.
- Kufotokozera kwathunthu. Ng'ombe, abusa ndi agalu olondera ndizokwanira. Nyama ndi yolimba. Imalekerera ntchito kumapiri komanso m'chigwa.
- Makulu akulu. Thupi limakhala lalitali. Thupi limakhala lalitali 20% kuposa kutalika kufota. Mutu 2,5 wafupikitsa kuposa kutalika kufota. Kukula kwamthupi ndi theka kutalika kufota.
- Mutu. Chachikulu, chopindika, chonga mutu.
- Chibade. Kutalika kokhala ndi mawonekedwe owoneka mochenjera kumbuyo kwa mutu.
- Imani. Chosalala, pamphumi yotsika, pamphumi pakumapeto paliponse kumadutsa pakona.
- Mphuno Zowoneka, zakuda, zazikulu, koma sizikuphwanya mawonekedwe wamba. Nthawi zonse kunyowa. Mphuno ndi zotsegula kwathunthu.
- Muzzle. Kutali kumapeto kwa mphuno. Zimatenga pafupifupi 1/2 kukula kwa mutu wonse. Ukulu wopingasa wa mulzle, woyesedwa pamakona amilomo, ndi wofanana ndi theka kutalika kwa muzzle.
- Milomo. Zouma, zazing'ono, kuphimba mano ndi m'munsi m'miyendo. Mtundu wa milomo ndi wakuda.
- Maso. Auburn kapena hazel.
- Mano. Seti yakwana. Kuluma kulondola, lumo.
- Khosi. Zoyenda 20% yochepera kuposa mutu. Ubweya wambiri womwe umamera pakhosi umapanga kolala.
- Torso. Maremma — galu ndi thupi lalitali pang'ono. Kukula kwa mzere wa thupi kumatanthauza kutalika kuyambira pansi mpaka kufota, ngati 5 mpaka 4.
- Nyali.Chowongoka, chokhazikika mukamayang'ana kuchokera kumbali ndi kutsogolo.
- Zilonda zopumira pazala 4 zomwe zimakanikizidwa palimodzi. Mapiritsi azala zazikulu. Malo onse a paws, kupatula mapepala, amaphimbidwa ndi ubweya wanthawi zazifupi. Mtundu wa ziphuphu ndi wakuda, zofiirira zakuda ndizotheka.
- Mchira. Bwino pubescent. Pa galu wodekha, amatsitsidwa mpaka ku khola komanso pansi. Galu wokondwerera akukweza mchira wake kumzere wamkati wakumbuyo.
- Magalimoto. Galu amayenda m'njira ziwiri: gallop kapena mphamvu yolimba.
- Chophimba cha Woolen. Tsitsi lakunja ndilowongoka makamaka, undercoat ndiyachikulu, makamaka nyengo yachisanu. Zingwe zamaondozi ndizotheka. Pamutu, makutu, mbali yam'mimba, ubweya ndi wamfupi kwambiri kuposa thupi lonse. Kukhetsa sikutukulidwa, kumachitika kamodzi pachaka.
- Mtundu. Choyera chokhazikika. Malingaliro opepuka olowera, kirimu ndi minyanga ya njovu ndizotheka.
- Zida. Kukula kwa amuna kumayambira 65 mpaka 76 cm, zazikazi ndizophatikizika: kuchokera pa 60 mpaka 67 cm (kufota). Kulemera kwa amuna kumayambira 36 mpaka 45 makilogalamu, kulumikizana ndizopepuka 5 kg.
Kudziwika kwapadera kwa Abusa aku Italiya kunalimbitsa minofu yawo ndikulimbitsa msana. Izi zikutsimikiziridwa ndi chithunzi cha maremma abruzza. Mwachidziwikire, agalu abusa awa samathamanga kwambiri - sangathe kugwira mbawala kapena kalulu. Koma amatha kukakamiza wosavuta, ngakhale mmbulu kapena munthu, kusiya zolinga zake.
Mwa ntchito ya mbusayo, agalu othandizira agalu amalongosola mtundu woyera wa ubweya wa galu. Mbusa amawona agalu oyera kuchokera kutali, ali ndi nkhungu ndi nthawi yamadzulo. Amatha kuwasiyanitsa kuti asawonongeke omwe amadana ndi imvi. Kuphatikiza apo, chovala choyera chimachepetsa kuwonekera kwa dzuwa lalitali lowala.
Agalu nthawi zambiri amagwira ntchito pagulu. Ntchito yawo siyiphatikizapo nkhondo mwachindunji ndi mimbulu. Mwa kukhonya mabokosi ndi kuchitapo kanthu, ayenera kuthamangitsa omwe akuwatsutsawo, ngakhale atakhala mimbulu, agalu onyanyala kapena zimbalangondo. M'masiku akale, zida za agalu zimaphatikizanso kolala yokhala ndi ma spikes - Roccalo. Makutu a nyama adalidwa ndikusinthidwa mpaka pano m'maiko kumene ntchito iyi imaloledwa.
Mpaka pakati pa zaka za m'ma 1900, mtunduwu udagawika m'mitundu iwiri. Mtundu wina udaganiziridwa Sheepdog Maremma. Famu yodziyimira pawokha inali galu woweta wochokera ku Abruzzo. Kamodzi zidalungamitsidwa. Agalu ochokera ku Maremmo amadyetsa nkhosa m'zidikha ndi m'madambo. Mtundu wina (kuchokera ku Abruzzo) amakhala nthawi yayitali m'mapiri. Nyama zapadera zinali zosiyana ndi nyama zam'mapiri.
Mu 1860, Italy idalumikizana. Malire atha. Kusiyana pakati pa agalu kunayamba kuonekera. Mu 1958, mgwirizano wa mtunduwo udakonzedwa mwamwambo, abusa adayamba kufotokozedwa ndi muyezo umodzi. Munthawi yathu, kusiyana kwam'mbuyomu kwakumbukiridwa mwadzidzidzi ku Abruzzo. Makampani oweta agalu kuchokera kudera lino akufuna kupatula agalu awo kuti akhale amtundu wina - wozikika ku Abruzzo.
Ogwira agalu ochokera kumadera ena sakhala kumbuyo kwenikweni kwa anthu okhala ku Abruzzo. Pali malingaliro ogawa mtunduwu kukhala amitundu yaying'ono, kutengera kusiyana kwakung'ono ndi komwe adachokera. Pambuyo pa kukhazikitsidwa kwa malingaliro otere, agalu abusa ochokera ku Apullio, Pescocostanzo, Mayello ndi ena otero amatha kuonekera.
Zinthu Zapanja
Kunja kwa Mbusa wa Maremma-Abruzzo - mphamvu, chidaliro komanso kulimba mtima. Iyi ndi galu wamkulu yemwe wanyamula mphamvu zonse zachilengedwe. Malinga ndi muyezo, bambo wamwamuna wamkulu amafika masentimita 65-73 kufota ndikulemera 45 kg. Mabatani amakhala otsika pang'ono ndipo amakula mpaka 60-68 ndi 30-40 kg. Kutalika kwa thupi la munthu kumakhala kutalika kawiri.
Zindikirani! Chozizwitsa, pansi pa malaya oyera, mtunduwo umabisala khungu lakuda.
Chovalacho ndi choyera chokha. Pali mithunzi kuchokera ku beige kupita pachikasu, koma mitundu yotereyi imawonedwa ngati yosiyana ndi lamulo.
Khungu la Maremma ndi lakuda
Poyerekeza ndi Galu la M'busa wa Maremmo-Abruzzi, zofunikira za muyezo zilipo:
- chachikulu chachikulu mutu. Kuyambira pamphumi mpaka muzzle, masinthidwewo ndi osalala, pamakona otsogola,
- kapangidwe kake kamakhala ngati chimbalangondo: kalilole wa mphuno ndi wakuda, wamkulu. Walamulira
- Maso ngofanana, amdima, mawonekedwe odulidwa ndi mawonekedwe a amondi. Mtundu wa iris ndi wakuda. Zope zakuda
- milomo yakuda, yowuma. Valani mano anu mwamphamvu. Kuluma kulondola, ngati lumo,
- makutu amakhala otakata ndipo ali ndi mawonekedwe a V. Udindo ukulendewera. Alonda akumakutu amayimitsa agalu ena olondera,
- kumbuyo ndi kotakata, kwamphamvu ndi kufota kwamphamvu kufota ndi msana wowonekera,
- Chifuwa ndi chozungulira, chonse. Imafika molumikizana,
- miyendo ndi yolimba, yokhala ndi minofu yokhazikika komanso chiuno cholimba. Zala zakumaso zolumikizana kumiyendo yakumaso zimaphatikizidwa m'manja, kumbuyo kumiyendo yamiyendo,
- mchira ndi wandiweyani, wokhala ndi tsitsi lakuda. Akutsika.
Maremma imalekerera bwino kutentha ndi kutentha kwambiri
Chophimba chaubweya
Chovala cha maremma ndi chovala chaching'ono cholimba komanso chovala chamkati chokhazikitsidwa bwino. Chovala ndi choyera ngati chipale, Pamutu, miyendo ndi makutu, tsitsi limakhala lalifupi. Pamapewa, mane ndi kutsogolo kwamaso, chovalacho ndichachitali.
Mpweya wolimba wamkati komanso kutsekeka kwa tsitsi lakunja kumapangitsa kuti mtunduwo uzitha kulekerera kutentha ndi kutentha kokwanira konse. Galu akumva bwino pa -40 ndi +40. Tsitsi la Maremma limaphimbidwa ndi chinsinsi chapadera chomwe chimathandizira kubwezera madzi. Sebum imagwiranso ntchito ngati ukhondo wamtundu waukhondo, chifukwa salola kuti dothi liziunjikira chovalacho.
Ubweya wa Maremma umachotsa madzi bwino
Ngakhale ndi zazikulu, maremma amayenda mwachangu komanso modumphadumpha. Ichi ndi nyama yochenjera popanda cholemetsa pang'ono.
Maonekedwe ndi mafotokozedwe
Ngakhale ndi kukula kwake, galuyo si wamkulu kwambiri. Agalu otalika amafika pafupifupi masentimita 75, ndipo zikhadabo ndizocheperako - mpaka 70 cm. Mutu wawukulu ndi thupi lomangidwa moyera zimapereka chithunzi cha chimbalangondo, koma izi sizilepheretsa nyamayo kuti izioneka yabwino komanso yopambana. Kulemera kwa akazi kumafika pa 31-42 cm, ndipo wamwamuna - 46 kg. Ndi kulemera uku, galu wolimba amakhalabe wogwirika.
Chakudya chopatsa thanzi
Kwa mbiri yawo yambiri, agalu amakhala pafupi ndi abusa ndi nkhosa. Chakudya chawo chinali chocheperako. Ndiye kuti, odzichepetsa osati osiyanasiyana, koma mwachilengedwe. Zolemba zolembedwa zimatsimikizira kuti adadyetsa agalu mkate, ufa wosakanizidwa ndi Whey. Kuphatikiza apo, chakudyacho chinaphatikizapo chilichonse chomwe abusawo ankadya, ndendende, zomwe zinatsala pachakudya cha alimiwo.
Masiku ano, asceticism ya chakudya yayamba kuzimiririka. Agalu amalandila chakudya chokonzera iwo. Kutsimikiza ndendende kuchuluka kwa chakudya komanso kapangidwe kake zimatengera msinkhu wa nyama, ntchito, malo okhala ndi zina zotero. Kuchuluka kwa chakudya kumakhala mu 2-7% ya kulemera kwa nyama.
Menyuyi muyenera kukhala ndi mapuloteni a nyama, masamba ndi mkaka. Pafupifupi 35% ndi nyama ndi offal. Enanso 25% ndi ndiwo zamasamba kapena zosaphika. 40% yotsala ndi yophika tirigu wokonzedwa ndi mkaka.
Mawonekedwe a ubweya
Mitundu imadziwika ndi mtundu wa malaya oyera ngati chipale, koma izi siziyenera kuchita mantha. Tsitsi lililonse limakhala ndi zokutira zapadera ndi mafuta ngati mafuta. Simalola kuti dothi limbe. Pachifukwachi, dothi, lonyowa komanso mchenga umauma kenako ndikuzimitsa. Mtundu woyera ngati chipale chofewa umadziwikanso ndi galu wamapiri a Pyrenees ndi kuvas ku Hungary. Zina mwa tsitsi la Mbusa wa Maremma-Abruzzo:
- chifukwa cha kapangidwe kakeko, chinyamacho chimamasuka kutentha kuchokera -40 mpaka +40 madigiri,
- utoto wambiri ndi loyera, koma kusiyanasiyana ndi chikasu, ma kirimu amaloledwa.
- kukhetsa nyama kumachitika kamodzi pachaka,
- Chovala ndi chofiyira, chowuma, chakuda, chowongoka, koma m'malo ena mumakhala zigamba zauvy,
- mtundu wa mawonekedwe a pakhosi,
- kusintha kwa tsitsi,
- Kutalika kwa tsitsi kumbuyo kumafika pafupifupi 8 cm,
- cholowa chamkati chimakhala chachikulu (chambiri m'nyengo yozizira),
- ubweya wonenepa ndi vuto lalikulu.
Kubalana komanso kukhala ndi moyo wautali
Agalu abusa a Maremma m'nthawi yathu ino agawika m'magulu awiri. Woyamba, woyenera galu wambusa, amakhala moyo wake wonse pakati pa nkhosa. Zimatsogolera kukhala wopanda moyo. Popeza nkhosazo sizitetezedwa ndi galu m'modzi, koma ndi gulu lonse. ana agalu amabadwa ndi kulowererapo kochepa kwa anthu.
Mukakhala m'manja mwa chisamaliro chokhazikika cha munthu, mwiniwakeyo ayenera kuthetsa mavuto a kubereka. Choyamba, mwana akagoneka m'nyumba, muyenera kusankha: kuwonetsetsa kuti nyamayo ndi mwini wakeyo ali ndi moyo wamtendere kapena kusunga ntchito yawo yobala. Kuthawa kapena kuwononga mbewu nthawi zambiri ndiyo njira yabwino yothetsera mavuto ambiri.
Galu wogwira ntchito bwino amakhala wokonzeka kubereka atatsala pang'ono kufika chaka chimodzi. Koma ndikofunikira kudikirira: kuluka nthambi, kuyambira wachiwiri. Ndiye kuti, atakwanitsa zaka 1.5. Kwa amuna, mwana wazaka 1.5 ilinso nthawi yabwino ya pungwe la makolo.
Oberera amadziwa bwino za bungwe komanso machitidwe a misonkhano ya agalu kuti athetse mavuto a kubereka. Nyama zokhwima bwino zomwe zimapangidwa kwa nthawi yayitali. Eni agalu osadziwa ayenera kulandira upangiri wokwanira kuchokera ku kalabu. Zovuta kusamalira moyenera zimasamalira thanzi la galu kwa zaka zonse 11, zomwe mwa mayi wamba zimakhalapo.
Kusamalira ndi kukonza
M'masiku achichepere, chilolezo chamalamulo, maremmas amapangidwa ndikudula kwamakutu. Kupanda kutero, kukonza kwa Abusa aku Italiya sikubweretsa zovuta. Makamaka ngati agalu sakhala m'nyumba yazipinda, koma m'nyumba yokhala ndi chiwembu chachikulu choyandikana. Kuyenda kwakukulu - ichi ndiye chinthu chachikulu chomwe mwiniwake ayenera kupereka galu wake.
Chovuta kwambiri ndikusamalira tsitsi. Monga agalu onse apakati komanso a tsitsi lalitali, maremma amafunika kutsuka pafupipafupi. Zomwe zimapangitsa chovalacho kukhala chabwino komanso ubale pakati pa munthu ndi nyama ndikudalirana kwambiri.
Kwa agalu obadwira mwapamwamba, gawo lomwe moyo wawo umachita nawo mpikisano, mphete za mpikisano, kuzikongoletsa ndizovuta. Osangogwiritsa ntchito burashi ndi zisa, masiku angapo mphete isanatsukidwe ndi shampoos, zikhadabo zimadulidwa.
Maremma posachedwapa anali mtundu wosowa kwambiri m'dziko lathu. Tsopano, chifukwa cha mikhalidwe yake, yatchuka kwambiri. Mitengo ya ana agalu a mtundu uwu imakhalabe yokwera. Abaza ndi nazale amafunsira pafupifupi ma ruble 50,000 pa nyama iliyonse. Izi ndizapakati mtengo wa amayi.
Zosangalatsa
Zowonadi zingapo zoyenera kuyang'aniridwa zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi galu wa Maremma-Abruzzi. Mmodzi wa iwo ndi wachisoni.
- Popeza adadutsa mzere wazaka pafupifupi 11, ndikukhulupirira kuti malire a moyo wafika, agalu amasiya kudya, ndiye kusiya kumwa. Kutsiriza kumwalira. Pokhala ndi thanzi, nyama zimatha. Eni ake komanso veterinarians sangathe kutulutsa Galu la M'busa wa Maremma kuti liziwonongeke mwakufuna kwawo.
- Chithunzi choyambirira chodziwika cha galu wopanda m'busa chimayambira ku Middle Ages. Mumzinda wa Amatrice, m'tchalitchi cha St. Francis, fresco wa zaka za m'ma 14 akuwonetsa galu woyera mu kolala yokhala ndi ma spikes, kuteteza nkhosa. Galu wokhala pamwala amawoneka ofanana ndi amakono Maremma pachithunzi.
- Mu 30s, a Britain adatumiza agalu angapo am ng'ombe ku Italy. Panthawi imeneyi, panali kukangana pakati pa olumikizana nyama pazomwe zigawo zinapereka gawo lodziwika pakukhazikitsa mtunduwo. A Briteni sanadandaulidwe ndi nkhawa yaying'ono yakumatauni ya omwe amagwirira galu ku Italiya ndipo adawatcha galuyo kuti Maremma. Pambuyo pake, mtunduwu udalandira dzina lalitali komanso lolondola: Maremmo-Abruzzi m'busa.
- M'zaka zapitazi, mu 70s, oweta nkhosa ku United States anali ndi vuto: mimbulu yolusa (coyotes) idayamba kuyambitsa zoweta zazoweta. Malamulo a chilengedwe ali ndi njira zochepa zoletsa zilombo. Zokwanira zokwanira anafunika. Adapezeka ngati agalu abusa.
- Mitundu isanu idabweretsedwa ku States. Mu ntchito yampikisano, Maremmas adatsimikizira kuti iwo ndi abusa abwino kwambiri. M'busa wotetezedwa ndi Abusa aku Italiya, kutayika kunali kochepa kwambiri kapena kunalibe konse.
- Mu 2006, ntchito yosangalatsa idayamba ku Australia. Anthu amtundu wa amitundu ina yakum'madzi akufupi ndi malirewo, pomwe njira zosatembenuzika zinayamba.
- Boma lakopa agalu akulu akulu kuti ateteze mbalame kwa nkhandwe ndi zina zazing'ono zomwe zimadya. Adawerengedwa kuti ndi chifukwa chakuchepa kwa mbalame. Kuyesako kudachita bwino. Tsopano Maremmas samangoyang'anira nkhosa zokha, komanso ma penguin.
Maremma Abruzzo Mbusa ndi bambo
M'moyo wamakono, galu amayesera kuchita chimodzimodzi ndi alendo komanso ngakhale ndi eni, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimabweretsa zotsatirapo zosasangalatsa. Pafupifupi mafotokozedwe onse amtundu wa maremmas, kufunitsitsa kwawo kuti azilamulira banja kumatha. mwadzidzidzi ndi nkhanza zosadziwika kwa eni, mtima wovuta kwa ana.
Makhalidwe ofunikira pa ntchitoyi amakhala oopsa kwa anthu omwe sadziwa zambiri pothana ndi galu wamkulu komanso wamphamvu.
Eni ake angathe kudziwa kuti agalu a mtundu uwu amatha kukhala aukali poyesa nyamula chakudya kuchokera kwa iwoTsekani pafupi ndikuwuluka kapena yambani zotupa. Kukwiya kumawonetsedwa popanda chenjezo, galu amatha kukhala mwamtendere pamapazi ake, ndikulola kuti adulidwe, ndipo atalamula "m'malo mwake" aukireni mwini wake.
Komanso, galu samangogunda ndi ma fang, kuyesa kuwopsa, koma kuthyola minofu yofewa. Izi nthawi zambiri zimayambitsidwa ndi nthawi yovuta yakukula, komanso magawo akutali osonyeza kusakhutira mu njira ya ma cookls, olekanitsidwa ndi nthawi yayitali.
Maremmas amatha kukhala ngati banja atsogoleri onseposalola kuti ana kapena achibale ofooka alowe zipinda zina kapena kukhala pa sofa. Izi nthawi zonse zimachitika chifukwa cha mayendedwe olakwika a eni, ndipo galu akapanda kukhazikika, ndiye kuti chimakhala chowopsa. Koma, zidziwike kuti pakagwa zoopsa, adzateteza mabanja onse modzifunira.
Kugwirizana ndi ziweto zina
Maremmas ambiri osati nkhanza kwa nyama zina, amakhala bwino ndi mtundu wina uliwonse wa galu, makamaka ngati anakulira limodzi. Khalidwe la galu wambusa limamupangitsa kuti awone katundu wake mu ziweto, zomwe sizingatheke.
Mavuto amatha kuchitika pokhapokha kudyetsa galu: maremma amatha kwambiri kuzunzidwa ndi chakudya chake, ndipo nthawi yomweyo amafotokoza zaukali poyesera ngakhale kuyandikira mbale yake.
Dyetsani agalu a izi amafunikira kudzipatula.
Panjira, abuluzi amakhala mwamtendere, samazunza agalu ena, koma abambo amatha kuyesa mphamvu zawo ndi omenyera akazi. Chosangalatsa cha omwe akuyimira aberekawo ndi kusintha kukula kwake: akagwidwa kapena kuwopsezedwa, anyamatawo amakweza tsitsili kwambiri kotero kuti likuwoneka lalikulupo, ndipo galu wovutikayo amakweza kukula, ndikukulungika.
Kudyetsa
Maremmas amadya chakudya chosavuta chomwe chimagulidwira agalu akuluakulu ogwira ntchito, kaya ndi chakudya chachilengedwe kapena chowuma. Mutha kuwerengera malangizo odyetsa abusa aku Germany, aberewa amafunanso chimodzimodzi.
Kukula kwakukulu ndi kuphatikiza pakulima sikutanthauza zakudya zopatsa mphamvu zambiri, ngati mukukula molosses. Chondoprotectors kuti mapangidwe oyenera a mafupa ndi minyewa ndikofunikira pokhapokha panthaka yomwe ikukula.
Pali malingaliro kuti maremma akuvutika ndi kukonza nyumba. Izi sizowona konse chifukwa kukonza nyumba amanyamula zovuta makamaka kwa eni. Izi zimagwiranso ntchito pakupitilira kwa galu kawiri pachaka, pomwe nyumbayo imagwidwa ndi "popula fluff", komanso fungo labwino la nkhuni zakufa, zomwe agaluwa amakonda kukwera. Ndi kufunika koyenda tsiku ndi tsiku komwe chiweto chimafunikira.
Ubweya umatha kudziyeretsa, popeza tsitsi latsalalo limakhala losalala, ndipo dothi limafufuma, limangowuma pang'ono. Galu amayenera kuchotsedwa tsiku ndi tsiku kuti chovala chofewa chofewa chisamayendemo. Mutha kuchapa osowa, musanawonetse kapena mutatha kuwononga zinthu.
Kuphunzitsa ndi kuyenda
Ndizosangalatsa kuphunzitsa abusa a Maremma-Abruzzo, ngakhale nthawi zina amakhala omangika. Amagwira chilichonse chatsopano komanso chosangalatsa pa ntchentche, izi zimawonekera kwambiri pophunzitsa ana agalu. Ndikofunika kuyanjana ndi chiweto chanu posachedwa pomwe pangathekele, atakhala kwaokha.
Galu amatengedwa ndi leash ndipo amatsogolera "kwa anthu": mumisewu yamaphokoso, kulowa m'malo opanda phokoso, kuyendetsa mgalimoto ndi zoyendera pagulu.
Maphunzirowa atangoyambitsidwa, mavuto ocheperapo amakhala ndi mkwiyo kwa mwini wakeyo pakakhazikitsidwa mawonekedwe a galu. Nthawi yowopsa kuyambira miyezi isanu ndi umodzi mpaka iwiri imadutsa mopanda chisoni, ndipo galu amamvera mwamphamvu mbuyeyo pokhapokha ngati mwamunayo akuwonetsa kupitilira kwake.
Ana agalu ayenera kudziwa kuti mwiniwakeyo ndiye cholengedwa chachikulu komanso champhamvu padziko lonse lapansi, ndipo nyumba zonse zili m'manja mwake. Kulira kulikonse, kuyesera kuyimirira kuti muteteze gawo lanu la chakudya kapena ufulu wogona pabedi la ambuye muyenera imani mwamphamvu ndipo nthawi yomweyo.
Njira yabwino kwambiri ziwonetsero za kupambana ikukweza galu ndi khungu, pambuyo pake muyenera kukanikizira galu pansi ndikugwirira mpaka litayamba kukana. Zikuwonekeratu kuti ndi mwana wa ana agalu ndikosavuta kuchita kusiyana ndi mwana wazaka 40 kilogalamu.
Zaumoyo ndi Kutalika
Monga nthumwi zonse za mitundu ikuluikulu, maremmas amakhala Wazaka 10-12.
Ubwino waukulu wa agalu ndi wawo thanzi labwino ndi kusowa kwa majini. Palibe matenda opatsirana kudzera mwa cholowa omwe amaperekedwa ndi cholowa. Mwa matenda omwe atengedwa, matenda a mafupa ndi olumikizika amatha kudziwika ndi kukula kosayenera, komanso dermatosis.
Maremmas amafa momwe amakhala momwe amakhalira - kupanga zisankho zawo momwemo. Galu yemwe alibe matenda amangosiya kudya ndi kumwa, ndipo mwakachetechete amachoka. Kuyesera njira zina kuti mupewe izi sikuthandiza.
Zingati komanso ndingagule kuti
Mutha kugula Galu wa Abusa wa Maremma-Abruzzi mu nazale apadera kapena kumalo osungira anthu wamba. Ana agalu osakhala ndi zikalata ndiwodziwikiratu mu mtundu uwu, chifukwa mitundu yonseyi imadutsa m'mabungwe ovomerezeka a RKF kapena SCOR, pali ana agalu ochokera kunja ndi agalu akuluakulu. Mwana wa galu wopanda zoyambira nthawi zonse amakhala pachiwopsezo chotenga galu yemwe amawoneka ngati mayi wamkulu kwenikweni ndi kunja kwake komanso mawonekedwe ake.
Mtengo wa Puppy: 30 000 - 80 000 rublesZimatengera kusanja kwa makolo komanso mawonekedwe a mwana.
Chithunzi choswana
Kusankha kwa zithunzi za maremmas.
Wodziwika bwino
Galu amayenera kutsatira mtundu wa obereketsa, koma sizingachitike chifukwa cha kusangalatsa kwa obereketsa. Pokhala ongoyerekeza, maremma amayenda maulendo ataliatali pamalo osafunikira. Kulemera komanso miyendo yayitali kwambiri imatha kulepheretsa chiweto kuyenda maulendo ataliitali, makamaka nthawi yayitali yamagulu a nkhosa. Pazifukwa izi, thupi lanyama liyenera kukhala logwirizana ndi ntchito ya galu. Mulingo wofotokozera ukufotokozera zofunikira zakunja kwa maremmas:
- Mutu ndi wokulirapo, wosalala, wokhala ndi mutu wotsika. Mtundu wa kusintha kwake kukhala muzzle ndi wonyezimira.
- Chifuwa chimakhala chofiyira, chozungulira pakati pa thupi, chozama.
- Phokoso lake ndi loyera, ndi mphuno yayikulu yakuda. Kunja, amapangitsa kuti nyamayo izioneka ngati chimbalangondo.
- Milomo yake ndi yowuma, yaying'ono, yophimba mano.
- Kukwanira kwathunthu kwa mano, kuluma lumo.
- Kufota kumakhala kotakata, kowoneka bwino, kowonekera kwambiri pamlingo wakumbuyo, kulowa kumbuyo kwakumasamba ndikutulutsa kochepa mu dera lumbar.
- Mawonekedwe a makutu ndi atatu. Amayenda, opindika, otambasulidwa kwambiri pamlingo wa zipilili za zygomatic.
- Maso ndi opangidwa ndi amondi, akhazikika paliponse.
- Zolembazo ndizowongoka ndi metacarpus yopatuka pang'ono kumbuyo, kwamphamvu, komanso kwamphamvu. Miyendo yakumbuyo imakhala ndi mbali yofananira, yolumikizidwa m'lifupi mwake.
Chikhalidwe ndi mawonekedwe a machitidwe
Mitundu imadziwika ndi kusakhulupirika. Palibe mwiniwake amene wakwanitsa kupanga chidole chomvera mwa amayi. Galu wokonda kwambiri komanso wowopsa akuyenda chimodzimodzi ndi mwini wakeyo, akumazindikira kuti ndi mnzake. Abusa a Maremma-Abruzzi ali ndi makhalidwe angapo:
- Mwachibadwa mwanzeru. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti nyamayo imachita mosiyana usana ndi usiku. Mumdima, sangakhale chete pamayendedwe omwe ali m'dera lomwe adamupatsa.
- Kukoma mtima. Imadziwoneka yokha poyerekeza ndi nyama zina mnyumbamo.
- Kukwiya komanso kusakhulupirika. Amakhudzidwa kokha ndi obisika kapena ozungulira.
- Kudziyimira pawokha. Galu silipirira kukakamizidwa, imatha kuphunzitsidwa kokha ndi dzanja lolimba, koma lokoma mtima la mwini.
Maluso apamwamba aluntha
Galuyo ali ndi luso lotukuka - amazindikira vutolo, amapanga chisankho chake, poganizira maluso omwe amapezeka akamaona eni ake. Mitunduyo idayikidwa kuti izigwira ntchito yodziyimira pawokha, motero kumvera kosakhala kwenikweni sikuli kwa iye. Khalidwe lodziyimira pawokha silimalola kuti munthu azindikire kuchuluka kwa momwe galu amakondera eni ake, koma nthawi zonse pamakhala kudzipereka kumakhalidwe ake. Chinyama chokha sichimalola kuthandizidwa ndi kukokomeza gawo la mwini.
Malo omangidwa
Maremma amatha kuzindikira zabwino zake mopindulitsa mumsewu, pabwalo. Galu amatha kusungidwa m'nyumba yanyumba, koma chifukwa cha zomwe zimachitika, pamafunika kuyenda pafupipafupi katatu pa tsiku. Imodzi iyenera kukhala yokhalitsa. Poyera, galu ayenera kukhala nthawi yonse yozizira komanso yotentha. Amafunika ufulu komanso kudziyimira pawokha. Nyama siyikhala pamtambo, apo ayi nkhwawa ndi mdima sizingapewere. Chinyama chimatha kugona mwamtendere chisanu, chokhotakhota.
Masewera olimbitsa thupi
Kuchita zolimbitsa thupi ndichinthu chofunikira pokhapokha pakukula komanso kukula kwa nyama. Izi zimasiyanitsa maremma ndi mitundu ina yolondera ng'ombe. Galu wamkulu safuna kuchita zochuluka. Ngati chiweto chimasungidwa m'nyumba, ndiye kuti tsiku lililonse pamafunika kuyenda pafupifupi maola atatu. Pamaulendo onse, eni ake amagwiritsa ntchito njinga "kuthamangitsa" galuyo pang'onopang'ono. Zochita zimatengera zaka;
- Kuyenda miyendo kumayenera kuyamba ali ndi miyezi 3-4. Kulimbitsa ligaments kumafuna pafupifupi 2 km ya trot othamanga.
- Ali ndi zaka 5-6 miyezi. Tsiku lililonse, nyama imayenera kuthamanga ma kilomita 5-6.
Njira zaukhondo
Abusa a Maremma-Abruzzi ndi oyenera kusunga ndege, koma sizitengera masiku onse oyendera. Kakavulu, chinyama chinateli kuzatika mumudimu wakushimwina. Amafunikanso kupatsa anthu miyendo inayi mwayi wopeza madzi akumwa. Ndikosavuta kunyamula chisanu cha nyamayi, ndipo kukhala pansi pa dzuwa lotentha kumakulitsidwa ndi wolemera wamkati ndi chikhoto chakuda. Ndikofunikira kuyeretsa makutu agalu, mano ndi mano athu nthawi zonse.
Ana a Mbusa wa Maremma-Abruzzo
Zomwe zimachitika mwanjira imeneyi zimasiyananso. Mukamasankha mwana wa galu, chinthu choyambirira kuchita ndikusanthula kunja. Nyama sikuyenera kukhala ndi chizumbu chachitali. Mutu wa nyamayi yokhala ngati chinyama choyera chokhala ngati chimbalangondo. Maso sayenera kukhala amtundu kapena opepuka. Mwa miyambo yamakono, mthunzi wawo ndi wakuda. Kusankha kwabwino kwambiri ndi nyama yogwira, yomwe idayandikira kuti mudzakumane. Musanagule, muyenera kufunsa woweta zolemba zawo pa galu ndi makolo ake. Zotsirizirazi, ngati zingatheke, ndibwino kuti muziwonera amoyo.
Kodi ndingagule kuti?
M'busa wopanda nkhawa komanso wathanzi amangogulitsidwa pokhapokha ngati ali ndi mbiri yabwino. Pogula nyama ndi dzanja kapena chilengezo, muyenera kukonzekera kuti chiwetocho chisakhale chokwanira. Kuphatikiza apo, pali chiopsezo chachikulu cha mwana wa ana agalu omwe ali ndi matenda akulu omwe amadziwika ndi zaka. Mwa zatsamba zotsimikiziridwa pali:
- "OSSO BIANCO",
- Mirosvet - maremma.ru,
- "Kennel Maremmo-Abruck Sheepdogs."
Kodi ana agalu a Maremma amawononga ndalama zingati?
Mtengo umatsimikiziridwa ndi mulingo wa ana agalu, mtengo wake waufulu. Chofunikanso motheka kutiwewewewewera atha kutengana ma genetic abwino. Mtengo umachokera ku rubles 30-80,000. M'malire apansi ndi M'busa wa Maremma-Abruzzo wokhala ndi zolakwika zingapo, wokanidwa ndi utoto, mano kapena malaya. Ngati mukungofunika chiweto, mutha kugula chiweto chotere. Iwo amene akufunika m'busa wowonetsedwa azikumana ndi mitengo yokwera.
Ubwino ndi zovuta za maremma: ndemanga za eni
Ndipo anthu omwe ali ndi mwayi kuti akhale eni ake a nyama zokongola'zi akuti chiyani za ziweto zawo?
Marina: M'busa wa ku Italy ndiwabwino kuposa momwe amalemba za izi.
Timakonda galu wathu! Ndipo sizowona kuti maremma ndiopusa komanso ndiuma. Mbusa wathu sikuti amangokhala wokongola komanso wanzeru, komanso wodzipereka kwambiri kwa anthu onse pabanja. Nicoletta, kapena, momwe tikumutchulira, Nikki, amawona onse a m'banja kukhala "gulu lake", lomwe liyenera kutetezedwa, ndipo amatikonda kukhala pamaso pake. Tikatenga galu kupita naye kanyumba ndikuyamba kuyendayenda pamalowo, Nikki amakhala wamanjenje kwambiri ndipo amayesera kutibweretsa pamodzi, ndipo njirayi ndi yosangalatsa kwambiri kuwonera.
Koma mtunduwo umakhala ndi zoyipa zake, chimodzi mwazakuti galu ndi wokhudza mtima komanso wobwezera. Mukamufuula, amakhumudwa ngati mwana ndipo amandipewa tsiku lonse. Ndipo kuti ndimukhululukire, ndiyenera kupepesa kwa iye ndikuwachitira zabwino zomwe amakonda.
Oleg: wothandizira wodabwitsa komanso chitetezo kunyumba yanyumba
Agalu awa ndiabwino kuwasungira mnyumba. M'busa wotereyu amatha kupatsidwa ntchito yoyang'anira nyumba ndi malowo. Sanalole akunja kulowa m'gawo ndipo palibe mbala imodzi yomwe imadutsa. Galu amakhala wokonzeka nthawi zonse kuyanjana ndi eni ake kuti ayende. Amakhala bwino ndi ana ndi ziweto zina.
Koma ngati mungaganize zotenga galuyu, khalani okonzekera kuti nthawi zonse kumangolira anthu akamadutsa magalimoto ndi anthu osawadziwa omwe amadutsa, makamaka usiku. Ndipo kuyamwa kuyilephera.
Svetlana: ichi si chiweto chokha, ichi ndi chiwalo cha banja
Atayambitsa galuyu, sanaganize kuti lingakhale membala wathunthu pabanja lathu. Uwu ndiye galu wanzeru kwambiri komanso wanzeru kwambiri padziko lapansi! Ndiwodzipereka komanso wachikondi, ndipo kwa mwana wathu m'busa wakhala wachinyamata weniweni.
Wotchinjiriza komanso wotetezeka kuposa maremma sapezeka. Kuphatikiza apo, saulula mkwiyo ndi mkwiyo kwa akunja, monga momwe amalembera za iye. Mlendo wosakhudzidwa alowa m'gawolo, galuyo sadzakuluma ndi mano ndikuluma mlendo, koma amangogwetsa pansi ndikuigwira mpaka mbuyeyo atafika. Ndi chiweto chotere, mutha kugona mwamtendere usiku.
Mwamuna wokongola wokhala ndi tsitsi loyera ngati chipale, njira zodziimira pawokha komanso kuyang'anitsitsa amathanso kukhala wopanda woteteza, komanso bwenzi lokhulupirika lokhulupirika. Koma pa izi muyenera kuyesetsa, chifukwa mutha kungopanga chidaliro ndi ulemu kwa chiweto chokhala ndi malingaliro abwino, chisamaliro ndi chikondi.
Pogona m'nyumba
Pali malingaliro akuti Galu wa M'busa wa Maremma-Abruzzi sangakhale m'nyumba yopapatiza. Komabe, zomwe ananena sizowona konse. Malo okhala amtunduwu amabweretsa zovuta zochepa kwa nyamayo. Koma eni ake akhoza kuchuluka. Zovuta zapadera ziyenera kuyembekezeredwa mukusungunuka, pomwe mawonekedwe onse ali mnyumba adzaphimbidwa pansi. Zidzapangitsa kusokonekera komanso kununkhira kochokera mu malaya agalu akaganiza zongotaya zinyalala “zonunkhira”. Momwe mungathanirane ndi vuto la kugona ndi agalu angapezeke pansipa.
Njira Zoyesezera Galu
Kukhala mchinyumba sikudzayambitsa mavuto agalu, pokhapokha ngati mutayenda maulendo ataliatali komanso zosangalatsa. Komabe, olondola amakhalabe pamsewu mu ndege.
Mwini wake ndi uti
Galuyu ndiwothandiza kwa munthu wogwira ntchito yemwe amayang'anitsitsa mawonekedwe ake ndipo amakonda kuyenda maulendo ataliatali kapena kuthamanga m'mawa ndi madzulo. Amakhala osangalala kutsagana ndi mbuye wake, kumuteteza kumavuto osiyanasiyana komanso kuphunzira mosamala nthawi yomweyo.
Izi galuyo ndibwino kuti usayambire kwa anthu omwe ali ndi mavuto azaumoyo, chifukwa pakakhala kusamvana kulikonse pamsewu ndi membala wina wa banja la canine kapena munthu, zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kuti wodwala komanso wofooka agonjetse galu wakeyo osamuletsa. nkhondo.
Mwiniwakeyo ayenera kuti adatchulapo machitidwe a utsogoleri ndikulimbikira komanso kudzidalira, kuti galuyu amamuzindikira ngati si mtsogoleri wawo, ndiye kuti ndiwofanana ndi iye. Liwu lalikulu la wotsogola, wokhazikitsidwa bwino amangothandiza kulimbikitsa ulamuliro wanu pakati pa agalu.
Maremma - walonda wanzeru
Akamagwira ntchito zachitetezo, galu wophunzitsidwa bwino amasankha chitetezo cha mwini, ndipo chachiwiri, amasunga gawo lomwe walipereka.
Mbusayo amadziwa bwino kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe akumusamalira kwakanthawi, ngati, mwachitsanzo, akuyenda, m'modzi mwa ana atatsalira pagululo kapena atasowa kuti awoneke, abwinobwino sadzaboweka mpaka chigwiriro chikaonekera.
Posachedwa, M'busa wa ku Italy Maremma ali ndi malingaliro abwino otetezera anthu. Zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kuti obedwa afikire munthu ngati pali mayi wamkulu pafupi. M'busa wa ku Italy (zithunzi zimatsimikizira izi) zimawoneka bwino, uku zikuwonetsa mantha komanso ulemu.
Mtunduwu umakhala ndi machitidwe audindo komanso umphumphu, komanso kusinthira ku malo atsopano.
Malo okhala ndi nyumba
Izi galu sangamve bwino m'nyumba. Kukula kwake, komanso mawonekedwe a malaya amachititsa izi kukhala zovuta komanso mwina zosasangalatsa. Kuphatikiza apo, galuyo usiku amawonetsetsa kwambiri mayendedwe a anansi anu kunja kwa makoma ndi mawonekedwe ena a moyo wawo.
Komanso phunzirani momwe mungapangire nyumba yopangira ndege komanso chiwonetsero cha galu wanu. Malo abwino agalu ndi nyumba yakumidzi. Kukhalapo kwa malo akuluakulu, opanda malire, omasuka kumathandizira kuti zikugwirizana bwino ndikukula kwanu. Kuphatikiza apo, galuyo amakhala bizinesi nthawi zonse, azitha kuzindikira momwe angatetezere, zomwe zikasungidwa m'nyumba yanyumba ndikungosokoneza.
Ukwati waku Italy
Palibe chidziwitso chodalirika chokhudza galu uyu, komabe, bungwe lazachipembedzo la ku Italy lidakonzanso kubwezeretsedwako kwa mtundu wa 30s m'zaka zapitazi. Ukwati waku Italy ndi galu wokoma mtima komanso wosamala wosayenera kuyang'anira nyumba, chifukwa cha kukoma mtima kwakukulu komanso ubwenzi. Chidwi chake sichidziwa malire. Nyama singakhale chete kusungulumwa komanso kusayang'anira. Kulemera kwawo kumafikira 25-25 makilogalamu, kutalika 58-67 cm.
Kulera Mbusa Woyera
Maremma amafunika kuchita zambiri. Nthawi yomweyo, makhalidwe oyendetsedwa amawonekera bwino, ndipo ndizosavuta kuwongolera anthu awiri. Nthawi zambiri agalu amaphunzirira kuchokera ku luso lililonse, kupikisana pamtundu wabwino.
Pophunzitsa, ayenera kulimbikitsidwa. Maremma sadzapereka malamulo omwewo ngati sakudziwa mfundo yake. Sadzaiwala luso lomwe apeza, ndipo avomera ntchito zina mosangalala.
Sadzabweretsa mpira kapena kumamatira kwa munthu wamkulu. China chake ndi mwana. Galuyo amasangalala naye ndi zinthu ngati izi. Mwambiri, maremma amawonetsa chikondi chachikulu ndi kuleza mtima kwa ana, kuwaloleza kusewera palokha ndikufinya m'njira iliyonse yomwe ingatheke.
Ngati ana ayamba mikangano ndi ndewu, agalu m'njira iliyonse momwe angathere amayesetsa kukhazikitsa mtima pansi ndikuwapatula. Pankhaniyi, palibe milandu ya ana yomwe idalembedwa, i.e. Agalu abusa amatha kuonedwa kuti ndi abwinobwino.
Maremma sangavomereze nkhanza komanso chiwawa kwa iye ngati njira zophunzitsira. M'malo mwake, mwanjira imeneyi mutha kukankhira galu kutali, pambuyo pake kudzakhala kovuta kwambiri kupezanso ulamuliro ndikukukhulupirirani.Simungathe kuyikanso m'busa waku Italiya pa unyolo kapena mu aviary - izi zimapangitsa kukanidwa ndi kudzipatula kwa nyama.
Ubweya
Tsitsi loyera ndilimodzi mwazinthu zazikulu zomwe zimabweretsa mavuto ambiri kwa eni a Maremma. Zowoneka, zokongola, zidzakhala paliponse, makamaka panthawi yopukutira, yomwe imakhala mwezi umodzi ndikuyamba kumayambiriro kwa masika. Kuphatikiza tsitsi kuyenera kuchitidwa pafupipafupi, osachepera kangapo pa sabata. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito furminator pa izi.
Tiyeneranso kudziwa kuti ngati banja lanu lili ndi mawonekedwe ofanana ndi fumbi la nyumba, furu, nthenga za mbalame kapena kupezeka kwa matenda monga mphumu ya bronchial kapena bronchitis, zimakhala zowopsa kukhala ndi chiweto chotere, chifukwa chovala chake chimatha kuyambitsa chidwi. zambiri zamomwe zimayambira kapena kupezeka kwa matupi awo sagwirizana.
Makutu, maso, mano, zibwano.
Makutu a galu uyu ndi malo ovuta, makamaka ngati sanalimbe. Popeza amakangika ndikuphimba chitseko cholowera kunyumba, chiopsezo chokhala ndi matenda amkhutu chimawonjezeka. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuchita mpweya wabwino wokhazikika ndikukhazikitsa makutu kumbuyo kwa mutu ndi gulu la zotanuka. Muthanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala apadera a antibacterial.
Lagotto Romagnolo
Kutchulidwa koyamba kwa mtundu wa mbeuyo kunayamba m'zaka za zana la 16. Lagotto-romagnolo ankagwiritsidwa ntchito posaka pamadzi, chifukwa nyamayo ili ndi undercoat yamadzi yopanda madzi. Komanso, chifukwa cha fungo lawo labwino, nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupeza zovuta. Lagotto-Romagnolo amakonda anthu onse apabanja, koma amachita anthu osawadziwa mokayikira. Kutalika kwake ndi 43-48 masentimita, kulemera kwa 13-16 makilogalamu.
Volpino italiano
Ngati mukuwona Spitz patsogolo panu, ndiye kuti musathamangire kuti mudzitamandire chifukwa chodziwa kwambiri cynology, chifukwa Volpino Italiano ikhoza kuyima patsogolo panu. Kutanthauzira kwenikweni kwa dzina lachigalu lachi Italiya kumatanthauza "nkhandwe yaying'ono ya ku Italy." Kunja, mtunduwu ndi wofanana ndi Germany wa spitz ndi Pomeranian lulu. Monga agalu onse ang'onoang'ono, imasiyanitsidwa ndi khungwa lalikulu, mphamvu komanso mphamvu.
Anthu aku Italiya ocheperawa ndi oyenereradi kukonzanso tawuni, mphamvu yosagonjetseka m'thupi laling'ono limatha msanga ndipo volpito kunyumba imakhala yosangalala kwambiri kugona pabedi, kumatenga chikondi cha mwini wake ndikukonzekera kuyenda mtsogolo.
Kutalika kwa amuna kukafika pa 30cm, kulemera mpaka kilogalamu 4.5. Uku si galu wamthumba, komabe ndiwotheka m'mabanja.
Tsitsi lalitali lokwanira kumafunikira kuphatikiza sabata iliyonse, kukongola kwa galuyo kumangodalira kuchuluka kwa nthawi yomwe mwiniwake amawononga ziweto zake.
Tsopano mtunduwo suwakonda kwambiri ndipo watsala pang'ono kutha, gulu lazachipembedzo la ku Italy likulimbana pakubwezeretsa mtunduwo.
CHOKONZANITSA: Volpino, ngakhale ali ndi kukula pang'ono, amateteza bwino, ndi odzipereka kubanja ndipo amakhala bwino ndi mabanja onse.
Bolognese
Imodzi mwa agalu odzipereka kwambiri m'nyumba ndi lapdog. Ma lapdog aku Italy amadziwika ndi munthu wodekha, samakwiya komanso kukwiya kuposa abale ake powoneka Bichon. Zinyumba zaubweya ndizofewa, zimafuna chisamaliro chanthawi zonse. Kuyenda mu nthawi ya offseason komanso nthawi yachisanu ndikulimbikitsidwa kuvala capes.
Kuyambira kale, mtunduwu ndi wotchuka pakati pa anthu otchuka ku Italy, zithunzi za bolognese zimakhalapo pazokongoletsa zakale, zaluso ndi zithunzi za atsogoleri. Ku Russia, Catherine the Great anali ndi galu wokhala ndi tulo, woperekedwa kwa iye ngati mphatso.
CHOFUNIKIRA: mtundu wolozera wa lapdogs waku Italy umawoneka ngati yoyera. Zosewera komanso zopanda chidwi, machitidwe awo adasinthika mothandizidwa ndi makhothi, zokonda azimayi, koma osatchuka konse m'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku. Ngakhale zili choncho, abambo oyera ndi abwenzi abwino omwe amatenga nawo mbali m'moyo wabanja ndikudzipereka kwa mbuye wawo.
KUPANGITSA: Kapangidwe ka malowo ndi kotheka kuti mtunduwo ndi gulu lotchedwa hypoallergenic.
Spinon waku Italy
Mbiri ya obereka idayamba ku Italy wakale. Spinon waku Italy ndiye agalu otchuka kwambiri osakira aku Italiya osadziwika pafupifupi kunja kwa dzikolo. Kutentha kwa spinon kumagwirizana kwathunthu ndi mawonekedwe ake. Awa ndi galu wama minofu komanso wamkulu yemwe ali ndi chikhalidwe cha wankhondo wakale. Nthawi yomweyo, spinon waku Italiya sathanso kupusitsana ndi kusewera ndi ana. Kutalika kwawo ndi 60-70 masentimita, kulemera - 32-37 makilogalamu.
Cane Corso
Cane Corso ndi mtundu 100% wa galu waku Italiya. Dzinalo limasuliridwa kuchokera ku Chilatini kuti limuteteza. Amakhulupirira kuti Cane Corso ndi mbadwa za galu wolondera, yemwe akuwonetsedwa m'manda akale aku Roma. Khalidwe labwino la nyama limasinthasintha ndi mkwiyo. Ziweto zamiyendo inayi zimazindikira kuti ndi mwini wake yekha. Mbali iyi ya obereketsayo iyenera kukumbukiridwa panthawi yophunzitsira, apo ayi wogulitsa agalu osazindikira amakhala ndi mavuto ambiri osafunikira. Kutalika kwawo ndi 64-68 masentimita, kulemera kwa 45-50 kg.
Ndemanga za eni
Kwakukulu, mbusa wotereyo siovuta kwambiri kuukitsa. Amakhalanso bwino ndi ana, kunalibe mavuto. Musanayambe kukhala ndi chiweto chotere, ndikofunikira kuganizira. Makamaka amakhala odekha komanso odziyimira pawokha. Galu sangasangalale ndi chidwi chokhazikika. Ngati mukufuna chiweto chongomvera, Maremma si njira yanu.
Wokongola, wanzeru, wodekha komanso wololera - zonsezi ndi za Maremma. Ndisanagule, ndinawerenga ndemanga zambiri zokhudzana ndi kuuma ndi zovuta ndi maphunziro, koma zenizeni sizinachitike. Mwina ndinakumana ndi woweta bwino. Zokhazo zoyipa ndizakuti sindingathe kuthana ndi mkwiyo nthawi zonse alendo akabwera. Ndikukonzekera kupempha thandizo kwa omwe amachititsa galu.