Titanosaurus - mtundu wa ma dinosaurs a herbivorous ochokera ku banja la titanosaurids a suborder of sauropods, omwe amakhala kumapeto kwa Cretaceous nthawi (pafupifupi zaka 70 miliyoni zapitazo) komwe masiku ano ndi Asia, Africa, Europe ndi South America. Kutalika mpaka 40 metres. Adali pafupi ndi salazaurus.
Mu 1871, munthu wamkulu kwambiri wamtali wa 1.17 mamita adapezeka pafupi ndi mzinda wa Jabalpur ku India. Asayansi adatsimikiza kuti lidatsalira la dinosaur, koma silinafanane ndi abuluzi aliyense omwe amadziwika nthawi imeneyo. Kenako adapeza zingapo zingapo zapakhosi pamenepo, ndipo zinaonekeratu kuti zimphona zakale, zatsopano sayansi, zidapezeka.
Mu 1877, katswiri wodziwa zamagetsi ku England Richard Lidecker (1849-1915) adatcha mtunduwu kuti titanosaurus waku India. Pambuyo pake, mafupa omwewo adapezeka kumpoto. Ichi chinali choyambirira chachikulu kupezeka m'derali. Kupeza kunapangitsa chidwi, ndiye kuti sayansi sinadziwe zochulukanso. Chifukwa chake kuyerekezera ndi titans - zimphona zamphamvu za Greek Greekth.
Mutu | Gulu | Gulu | Kufikira | Gulu la Infra |
Titanosaurus | Zotulutsa | Dinosaurs | Lizard-pelvic | Sauropods |
Kutalika / Kutalika | Kulemera | Zomwe zinali kudya | Komwe amakhala | Pomwe adakhala |
20 m / 40 m | mpaka 77 t | mbewu | Asia, Africa, Europe, South America | Nthawi yovuta (70 mln zaka zapitazo) |
Titanosaurus amafanana ndi diplodocus: khosi lalitali ndi mchira kwambiri ukugwira kumapeto. Chikopa chokha chinali chokutira ndi ma cell ang'onoang'ono (mafupa), omwe sanali amtundu wa diplodocides.
Mwachidziwikire kuti titanosaurs adyetsa ziweto zopangidwa ndi akulu akulu ndi ana.
Mitengo ya Titanosaurus yodyetsedwa ndizomera zomwe zimatha kumapeto kwa Cretaceous. Udzu wamakono, i.e., udzu wamphongo, unalibe panthawiyo. M'munsi mwa mtengowo, zitsamba zamaluwa monga ma magnolias ndi viburnum zinali zodzala ndi mahatchi ndi ma ferns akale. Pamwamba pawo panali mitengo ikuluikulu, mapulo, mtedza, mabatani, komanso ma conifers, komanso oyamba kutenga ma ginkgo ndi ma cycads.
Mwambiri, titanosaurus, monga ma sauropod ena, amwala omwe ameza mwala (gastrolites) omwe amapaka chakudya cholimba m'mimba yopanda minofu kuti apangitse kugaya.
Kuzungulira zilombo za titanosaurs nthawi zonse kumakhala kozungulira. Mizere yake idapulumutsa amumnyanjawo: kumenya mchira wa mamita khumi kapena miyendo ya njovu ndikokwanira kuti adani asayandikire. Ndi ana okha, okalamba, nyama zodwala ndizo zomwe zidadya nyama.
Mudadya chiyani komanso mumakhala ndi moyo wotani?
Panali malingaliro angapo amomwe amadyera wamkuluyu amadya komanso zomwe amadya, amangodzikongoletsa kapena amangomenyabe ma dinosaurs ena ndi repitili. Asayansi ambiri adagwirizana kuti amasaka anthu oyimilira nyama zomwe zingayang'ane, ngakhale kuti sananyoze phindu lanyama. Izi zidapangidwa pokhapokha ngati kulumidwa kwa ankhanza kupezeka m'mafupa a ma dinosaurs ena. Iwo anali amwazi wamagazi kwambiri kotero kuti sanazengereze kuwukira mtundu wawo. Pambuyo pake zinavumbulutsidwa kuti achifwamba nthawi zambiri amayenera kumenyera gawo la malo ena akuluakulu. Komanso, zitsulo zamaso zimatsimikizira kudzoza kwake.
Mutu
Chigoba chachikulu kwambiri kutalika kwake chinafika pa 1m 53cm. Kapangidwe ka chigaza: kutalika kumbuyo, ndikugundika kutsogolo, ndikakuwona kuchokera pamwambapa, ndiye, limodzi ndi nsagwada, kumafanana ndi chilembo U. Ubongo ndi wocheperako ndipo ungayerekezeredwe ndi ng'ona malinga ndi kufulumira kwa maula.
Mano ake anali akuthwa komanso kutalika (kutalika kwa 15-30cm, kutalika kwambiri kuposa zonse zomwe zidaphulika). Kuluma kunali kwamphamvu kwambiri, kukakamizidwa kwa matani angapo kudakulitsa mphamvu ya mkango nthawi 15. Mothandizidwa ndi nsagwada amatha kuphwanya mafupa aliwonse ngakhale zigaza, adani ake sanapulumuke pakuluma konse.
Nyali
Panali miyendo inayi, koma adangoyenda ndi miyendo iwiri yakumbuyo, mbali ziwiri zakutsogolo zinali zazing'ono komanso zopanda maziko, mosiyana ndi spinosaurus. Kuthamanga mwachizolowezi kumakhala mpaka 20 km / h, ngati kuli kotheka, wankhanza amatha kufikira kuthamanga mpaka 60 km / h. Mchira wake udathandizira kukhala wathanzi, komanso umathanso kukhala chida chopha - ndi chithandizo chake kunali kosavuta kuthyola msana kapena khomo lachiberekero. Miyendo yakumbuyo imalinso yamphamvu kwambiri, zala zinayi zinalipo. 3 mwa iwo anali kuchirikiza, ndipo omalizawo sanakhudze pansi.