Maonekedwe ndi machitidwe. Chidani chachikulu, chosiyanitsa mitundu, chofanana kukula ndi chakudya cha njoka ndi chiwombankhanga chowona. Kutalika kwa thupi 52-70 masentimita, kulemera kwa 1-2 makilogalamu, mapiko a 145-170 masentimita, amuna ndi ochepa pang'ono kuposa wamkazi. Mutu ndi ochepa, pa Crest ndi yochepa khosi. Mchirawo ndi wa kutalika kwapakati, mapiko ndi akulu kwambiri monga kukula kwa mbalameyo. Miyendo ndi yayitali, nthenga "mathalauza" pamwendo wapansi sanapangidwe, dzanja lamanja silikhala lopindika, zala zazifupi, ndizovala zopindika.

Kufotokozera. Pansi pake pali thonje loyera ndi dongo lofiirira kapena loumbika pachifuwa, lomwe limafotokozeredwa bwino chachikazi, chachimuna - nthawi zambiri limangokhala khosi la mikuni yofiirira. Mutu ndi woyera, kuchokera mulomo padiso kumbuyo kwa mutu anapita zasheyke kuwonjezera mdima gulu. Kutsogolo kumakutidwa ndi mbali zonse ndi zishango zazing'ono za polygonal, zomwe zimawonekera pokhapokha. The mbali chapamwamba thupi ndi mapiko woderapo, zosiyana ndi mutu kuwala ndi pansi thupi. Kuchokera patali, kumtunda kumawoneka kooneka bwino, pafupifupi kakuthunzi, mawonekedwe omveka bwino amawoneka pafupi ndi mapiko ndi mapiko a mapiko. Mchira wake ndi imvi ndi zingwe zopyapyala zakuda komanso chingwe chodutsa. Utawaleza ndi wachikaso chowoneka bwino, mulomo wake ndi wakuda, serayo utapendekeka ndipo mbali zopanda thupi za miyendoyo ndi imvi. Mbalame youluka imakhala ndi mapiko ataliitali okhala ndi mapiko opendekera, khola loyang'ana kumanjaku likuyang'ana kutsogolo ndi ngodya, ndipo "zala" za nthenga zoyambirira zimafotokozedwa bwino.

Tikayang'ana mazunzo silhouette ya zouluka maonekedwe mbalame "osweka" - mapiko ku dzanja crease pang'ono mwakwera pamwamba thupi, malekezero a iwo zasiyidwa. Kunja kwa phiko, mawanga amdima kumapeto a carpal akuwoneka, ngati kafadala ndi kachizungu, ndi mikwingwirima yakuda yolekanitsa nthenga zoyera ndi utoto, ndi mawonekedwe ochepa opindika, nthenga zouluka, monga chiwombankhanga chaching'ono. Imafalikira kawirikawiri, nyama isanagwe, imapachikika pamlengalenga, "ikumata" zigawo zamapikozo kumbuyo ndi mtsogolo, ngati njoka.

Ndikosavuta kusokoneza osprey owuluka ndi mbalame zina zodya nyama, zonse molingana komanso mitundu. Wachichepere pamaso a bulauni chakumtunda kwa mapiko ndipo ali ndi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino opangidwa ndi nthenga m'mphepete mwa nthenga, pamtambo wowala mumakhala zinthu zambiri zazitali zakutali, utawaleza ndi mtundu wa lalanje. Zouluka wamng'ono osprey ndi wosiyana ndi kupanda mizere mdima delimiting ndi primaries ndi coverts nthenga ndi yotakata magulu apical pa mchira wamkulu, wogawana ataphimbidwa ndi n'kupanga yopapatiza.

Voterani. Nthawi zambiri chete. Repertoire yodandaula ndi yosiyanasiyana, kufuula kwakukulu ndikumveka mwachangu "IAS-IAS-IAS IAS-Malaki"Kapena"kie-kie-kie-kie", Pa masewera a mating mlengalenga - kuthamanga"SMPS, SMPS, SMPS. "Kapena"tliip-tliip. ».

Mkhalidwe Wogawa. Zosiyanasiyana zimakhudza pafupifupi dziko lonse lapansi, koma osprey amapezeka kwambiri kulikonse. Ku Russia, pali mtundu wina waung'ono wotetezedwa kuchokera kumpoto kwa taiga kupita ku nkhalango zoyambira. Ndege zimadziwika kum'mwera kwa tundra. M'gulu la Red Book of Russia, chiwerengero cha kusokonekera chifukwa kuwonongeka kwa malo, nkhawa, kudula mitengo gnozdoprigodnyh, kuchepetsa zokolola nsomba za madamu. Anthu ochokera ku Russia nthawi yozizira ku Asia ndi Africa.

Moyo. Imadyetsa nsomba zokhazokha (zolemera mpaka 1 kg), ndikutsamira pambuyo pake mchilimwe mpaka akuya mamita 2. Monga ichthyophage yapadera, ili ndi zida zingapo za kusaka koteroko - spines pamiyendo, chala chakunja, zokutira ozungulira pamtanda, ndi zina zambiri. Pokhala chisa, imalowa m'madziwe oyera, okhala ndi nsomba zokhala ndi mitengo yayitali, yopanda malo ozungulira. Zambiri mwa izo ndi nyanja zazikulu, mitsinje yokhala ndi malo otsetsereka ndi otsetsereka, nyanja zam'madzi ndi zilumba zam'nyanja zam'mphepete mwa nkhalango (Baltic, White sea). M'madera treeless izo imapezeka pa chikhato cha. M'malo osungira chisa, awiriawiri amawonekera pambuyo pakusungunuka kwa ayezi.

Wamphongo amadziwika ndi mafunde akakhala mlengalenga. Chachikulu (kwa 1.5 mamita awiri ndi 1 mita mu msinkhu) ntchito kwa zaka zambiri awiri jacks Osprey kumanga zinadulidwa pa nsonga za mitengo youma freestanding, kawirikawiri pa nsanja geodesic, mphamvu mizere zogwiriziza. Mu clutch nthawi zambiri mumakhala mazira awiri okhala ndi chipolopolo chopepuka, chomwe chimakutidwa ndi mawanga ofiira, a violet kapena imvi. Chovala choyambirira cha anapiye chimayera ndi kirimu ndi malo a bulauni, chachiwiri chimakhala cha bulauni ndi mikwingwirima ndi mawanga. Pakachitika ngozi, mbalame zachikulire zimathawa kuchoka pachisa, ndipo anapiyewo amabisala, osapereka mawu ndi mayendedwe, chifukwa, chisa sichimakhala. The mbalame achinyamata kusiya chisa pambuyo pa miyezi 2 pambuyo kuswa. Kuyenda kwa dzinja kumachitika mu Seputembala ndi Okutobala.

ONSE, ndipo onse

Osprey (lat. Pandion haliaetus) ndi mbalame yayikulu yodyera ya banja la Skopina (lat. Pandionidae). Amasiyana ndi ma Falconiformes ambiri chifukwa amadya kwambiri ndi nsomba, ndikuzikwatula m'madzi. Kutalika kwa osprey ndi 55-58 cm, mapiko ndi pafupi 1.5 m, ndipo kulemera kwake ndi mpaka 1.5 makilogalamu. Thupi lakumtunda limakhala lofiirira, pamimba, chifuwa ndi mutu ndizopepuka. Padziko khosi - mdima "kolala", kudzera maso - bulauni mikwingwirima. Misonyoyi ndi yachikasu mwa mbalame zachikulire, ndipo imakhala yofiyira mbalame.
Monga ndi zabodza zina, zazikazi ndizokulirapo kuposa zazimuna. Mawu a Osprey ndi mzungu wamfupi.

Kuyang'aniraIntanetichifukwa moyo wake wa mbalame ungakhale PANO.

Msodzi-wa nsombayu amakhala pafupi ndi matupi osiyanasiyana amadzi: mitsinje, nyanja, dziwe, malo osungirako, ngakhale gombe la nyanja. Osprey chisa anamanga mu mtengo, nthawizina mtunda wautali kwa madzi (5 km). Ntchito yomanga ndi yayikulu - mpaka 1 m kudutsa, nthawi zambiri pamtunda kuchokera pansi (10-20 m). Osprey amamanga chisa cha nthambi ndi nthambi, amaziphatikiza ndi udzu ndi algae. Mbalame zimagwiritsa ntchito chisa chaka chilichonse chaka chilichonse, kukonzanso masika onse. Popeza mitengo yabwino pafupi Osprey Mungathe kukonza kagawo mu thanthwe.

Mu clutch 2-4 mazira owala ndi mazira ofiira kapena ofiira. The kuswa nawo mbalame zonse. Pakatha masiku 40, anapiye ophimbidwa ndi mazira oyera mazira. Pang'onopang'ono, adasinthidwa ndi chovala chachiwiri chamtundu wamdima wakuda. Anapiyewo amachoka chisa ali ndi miyezi pafupifupi iwiri, kuyesera kudzipezera okha chakudya, koma kwakanthawi ana amasungirana ndipo makolo amadyetsa ana.

Ospreys amagwira nsomba zikuwuluka mumtsinje kapena kunyanja ndikusilira m'madzi. Atazindikira nyama, liliri mbalame pamalo amodzi ndi kudikira mpaka nsomba adzakhala tumphuka apamwamba. Pambuyo podikirira kwakanthawi, osprey amathamangira m'madzi, ndikuyika matako ake ndi zala zokutidwa ndi mateyala apadera ndi zikhadabo zakuda zopindika. Nthawi zina mbalame imalowerera mozama kuti igwire. Monga mafoni am'madzi, osprey amadzola mafuta ake ndi chinsinsi cha timuyo ta coccygeal, timene timapangitsa kuti chisade madzi.

Mitunduyi ndiyosamukira, nyengo yotentha ku Africa ndi Asia. Akafika pakhomo pa April, yophukira chikhato kumayambira September.

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Webukamu pa chisa cha osprey ku Latvia. Osprey (Latin Pandion haliaetus.) - mbalame yolusa, zofala hemispheres onse, yekha wa m'banja Skopin (Pandionidae).

Ospreys ndiofala padziko lonse lapansi, kuswana kapena nthawi yozizira kumakontinenti onse kupatula Antarctica.

Zimakhala chisa paliponse, pomwe pali malo otetezeka osungira chisa komanso malo osaya madzi okhala ndi nsomba zambiri. Zisa nthawi zambiri zimakhala pamtunda wa 3-5 km kuchokera pamadzi: madambo, nyanja, mitsinje kapena mitsinje, koma amathanso kuzikonza pamalo abwino pamwamba pa madzi. Amasankhidwa malo amenewa kuli kotheka kumanga kagawo lalikulu kufikako zolusa dziko - zina pamwamba pa madzi kapena pa kakang'ono. Mtengo wouma, buoy kapena chida chilichonse chochita kupanga ungakhale malo a chisa.

N'kupangira osprey anapiye kuyenda mtunda wa 14 Km from chisa kukafunafuna chakudya, pamene ena a nthawi AKHONZA KUWULUKA 10 Km.