Amakhulupirira kuti mbalame yanzeru kwambiri ndi kadzidzi. Mamembala a Club “Chiyani? Kuti? Liti? ” amakhulupiriranso izi ndipo chifukwa chake amapatsa ambuye awo ndi ziboliboli za kadzidzi za kristalo ngati mphotho.
Malingaliro oterowo ndi omwe nthawi zambiri amabera. Mizu yake imabwereranso ku Roma wakale ndi Greece, komwe kadzidzi inali chizindikiro cha nzeru ndipo kulikonse kunatsagana ndi mulungu wamkazi Athena (Minerva).
Kuchokera ku Atene komwe kadzidzi wanzeru amatuluka, akuwoneka nthano zaku Europe, komanso chizindikiro choyimira nzeru - kadzidzi atakhala pamakwerero a mabuku.
Chikhulupiriro chomwecho chinalipo pakati pa Amwenye okhala ku North America. Ankakongoletsa zipewa zawo ndi nthenga za kadzidzi, kuti aziteteza ndi kuziteteza.
Kodi ndi mbalame iti yomwe ndiyanzeru kwambiri?
Koma ku India, Egypt Egypt, China, Japan, North ndi Central America, kadzidzi amadziwika kuti ndi mbalame yakufa. Mwa Aigupto akale pakati pa ma hieroglyphs panali kadzidzi, kutanthauza kuti kungokhala chete, usiku, kuzizira ndi kufa. Amakhulupilira kuti mbalameyi ndi yaufumu wa dzuwa lausiku, yomwe yatamira kale ndipo tsopano yawoloka nyanja yamdima.
Ku India, kadzidzi anali kulemekezedwa. Adawerengedwa ngati mthenga wa kumanda, yemwe mayitanidwe ake akupereka mizimu kwa anthu akufa. Komanso kwa amwenye, kadzidzi anali woyang'anira usiku. Mu chihindu, kadzidzi adakongoletsa chizindikiro cha Pit, yemwe anali mbuye wazamalo.
Amwenye Amaya adaganizira kadzidzi - mawonekedwe a chiwanda.
Aaztec ndi Mayans adazindikira kadzidzi ndi kanyama komwe kumagona usiku. Mbalameyi imadandaula zamatsenga. Iye anali chithunzi cha mulungu wa ufumu wa akufa ndikuwongolera mizimu ya akufa kupita kumanda. Komanso, kadzidzi anali kuonedwa ngati mthenga wa imfa.
Anthu ena ankaona kadzidzi kuti ndi wowombera imfa.
Owl mu Chikhristu chinali chizindikiro cha mphamvu zamdima, kupatula, chisangalalo, chisoni, nkhani zoipa. Kufuula kwa Owls kunadziwikanso kuti nyimbo ya imfa. Popeza kadzidzi amakhala moyo wachisangalalo ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala cholengedwa chodabwitsa, sizodabwitsa kuti chidali chisonyezo cha ufiti ndipo nthawi zambiri chimakhala choyipa. Kadzidzi nthawi zambiri amapezeka mu utoto momwe amake amapemphera. Izi zimachitika chifukwa kadzidzi amaimirabe kusungulumwa. Komabe, kuyambira kale, kadzidzi amaonedwa kuti ndi anzeru. Mwanjira iyi, imayimiriridwa pazithunzi za St. Jerome. Cholinga china cha kadzidzi ndi mawonekedwe a Yesu Kristu, yemwe adapereka moyo wake chifukwa cha anthu. Ichi ndichifukwa chake kadzidzi nthawi zambiri amawonekera pazojambula pamtanda.
Mwa Asilava, kadzidzi anali chizindikiro cha mizimu yoyipa.
Kadzidzi wa Slavs anali woimira gulu la mbalame zodetsedwa. Malinga ndi iwo, anali ndi ziwanda. Pali zikhulupiriro zomwe kadzidzi, wowonekera pafupi ndi kanyumbako, ankayimira moto kapena imfa. Ponena zaukwati, pamenepo kadzidzi akuimira mdzakazi kapena mkazi wamasiye. Komanso chizindikiro cha kadzidzi chinali ngati chithumwa. Mbalameyi idawonedwa ndi Asilava ngati osunga chuma, chuma chobisidwa mobisa, udzu wampata wokhoza kutsegulira nyumba ina iliyonse.
Tsopano ndikofunikira kuyang'anira mwachindunji moyo wa mbalamezi. Kadzidzi amakhala ndi maso akulu kwambiri ndipo, pankhaniyi, amakhulupirira kuti amatha kuwona bwino mumdima, ndipo ndi masomphenya ake omwe amathandizira kadzidzi kusaka usiku. Komabe, asayansi, ataphunzira kadzidzi, adapeza kuti kadzidzi mumdima weniweni samawona bwino kuposa anthu.
Ngakhale zikhulupiriro za ambiri, asayansi atsimikizira kulephera kwa kadzidzi kuwona mumdima weniweni.
Kwanthawi yayitali panali malingaliro otere: Diso la kadzidzi ndi mtundu wina wa zida zapadera zomwe zimagwira kuwala kwadzuwa. Malinga ndi lingaliro ili, kadzidzi amawona kutentha komwe kumatulutsa thupi la mbewa motsutsana ndi kuzizira komwe kukuchokera pansi. Kuyesa kwapadera zingapo kunachitika, zotsatira zake zomwe zinawonetsa kuti siziri konse, kadzidzi sikuwona kuwala konseko, sikungowona radiation ya infrared (yotentha), koma sikumazindikira komanso sikusiyanitsa kuwala kofiira.
Asayansi adayesa: adayika mbewa ndi kadzidzi m'chipinda chamdima. Zidapezeka kuti mbalameyo sikuwona mbewayo mumdima. Sanamuwonerenso pomwe makoswewo adayatsidwa ndi ofiira. Kadzidzi amafufuza nyama ndipo imangothamangira pokhapokha mbewa ikamamveka kapena kusuntha.
Kodi mbewa wabwino kwambiri ndi iti?
Asayansi apeza kuti zothandizira kumva za owl zili ndi zinthu zingapo zogwirira ntchito komanso zogwira ntchito. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti kuzungulira khomo la kadzidzi pali maula ena apadera, omwe amakhala ngati nyanga yolimira. Izi, zimapangitsa kuti azindikire kulira kwa mawu onse. Mbalamezi zimakhala ndi eardrum yayikulu, malo ake ndi mamilimita 50.
Maonekedwe a zikho zina ndizowopsa.
Poyerekeza: mu nkhuku, nembanembayi ndiyochepa kawiri. Kuphatikiza pa dera lina lalikulu, ma eardrum a owards ali ndi mawonekedwe osazolowereka - amawonekera ndipo amafanana ndi hema mawonekedwe. Chifukwa cha izi, malowa akukukulanso ndi 15 peresenti. Poyerekeza ndi mbalame zina, kadzidzi amagwiritsa ntchito khutu lakumaso. Amakhalanso ndi nkhono yayitali, yomwe imaphatikizapo kuchuluka kwa mitsempha yomwe imayang'anira kuzindikira kwamvekedwe, komanso malo ochulukirapo a mitsempha. Limodzi mwa malo akuluakulu amitsempha a kadzidzi limakhala ndi ma neuroni pafupifupi 16 - 22,000. Mwachitsanzo: nkhunda imangokhala ndi 3000 okha.
Tsopano tibwererenso ku funso, kodi ndi mbalame iti yomwe ndiyanzeru kwambiri? Anthu ambiri akutsimikiza kuti uyu ndi khwangwala. Kuti atsimikizire malingaliro awo, amapereka zitsanzo ziwiri za nzeru za mbalamezi. Choyamba, akhwangwala nthawi zambiri amapezeka m'mphepete mwa misewu yayikulu ku Europe. Izi ndichifukwa choti kugwedeza kwamtunda komwe kudapangidwa ndi magalimoto oyenda, makamaka magalimoto olemera, kumawapangitsa kuti akwere pamwamba pa nyongolotsi zomwe akhwangwala amadya pomwepo.
Pali mitundu yambiri ya kadzidzi.
Ku UK, nthawi zina akhwangwala amakhala pamiyendo ya nkhumba kapena ngakhale kukwera. Chifukwa chake, adayang'ana mbewa, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimapezeka mumalo ogona, koma nthawi yomweyo osawopa nkhumba ndipo osawaganizira. Atawona mbewa, khwangwala amathumphira pansi kuchokera nkhumba ndikugwira ndodo.
Chifukwa chake, anthu omwe amabweretsa kadzidzi kunyumba kuti agwire mbewa amafunika kuganizira kuti ndi mbewa iti yomwe ndiyofunika kusankha.
Ngati mwapeza cholakwika, chonde sankhani gawo ndikusindikiza Ctrl + Lowani.
Mbalame yanzeru kwambiri
Poyeserera zingapo, akatswiri a zoology anatha kudziwa kuti ndi mbalame iti yomwe ili yanzeru kwambiri. Khwangwala adakhala mtsogoleri m'gululi, popeza luso lawo lanzeru limaposa kuchuluka kwa anthu ena onse a m'banjali loyalidwa. Ofufuzawo adafotokozera kuti mbalame imatha kuthana ndi mavuto omwe mwana sangakwanitse zaka 3 mpaka 4. Kuphatikiza apo, malingana ndi luso lothetsera ntchito zosavuta, khwangwala sanangoyimira chabe mtundu, komanso ali ndi udindo wotsogola nyama zanzeru kwambiri padziko lapansi.
Chifukwa chake khwangwala adatengapo gawo pazoyeserera izi. Anamupaka chotengera chamadzi, pomwe panali zidutswa za chakudya. Sanathe kuwapeza ndi mlomo wake. Pafupi pake panali miyala yooneka mosiyanasiyana ndi mphamvu yokoka. Nthawi yayitali atayesa kupeza chakudya, khwangwala anali atayamba kufulumira - anapeza njira ina yopezera chakudya, ataika miyala yolemera kwambiri mu jar. Madzi okhala ndi chakudya adakwera pamwamba ndikupezeka chakudya. Chifukwa chake, zinali zotheka kukhazikitsa kuti khwangwala amawunikira mawonekedwe ndi kulemera kwa zinthu zosiyanasiyana za dziko lozungulira: mchenga, madzi, mpweya, zina.
Khwangwala umatha kuphunziridwa limodzi ndi mbalame zotchedwa zinkhwe. Ali ndi mawu pafupifupi 150 mumawu awo, ndipo amatsanzira zolankhula za anthu.
Mbalame zanzeru kwambiri padziko lapansi: TOP 10
Choyamba malowa, monga tazindikira kale, amakhala anthu akhwangwala chifukwa cha luso lawo lapamwamba.
Chachiwiri zinkhwangwala zimakhalapo. Mokwanira pali mitundu 300. Luso lawo lapadera kwambiri ndikutengera kulankhula kwa anthu. Iwo mwina amadziwa tanthauzo la mawuwo, chifukwa amatha kuyankha ku kuyimbira kwa eni ake. M'mbiri, milandu yambiri idalembedwa pomwe ma parroti adachenjeza eni ake za ngoziyi. Parrot wojambulira amakhala ku USA. Amatha kuwerengera eyiti. Ndipo ku New York, adalemba momwe mbalame imaphunzira kuphunzitsira nthito nthawi ndi nthawi. Amasiyanitsa pakati pa nyama ndi chimpanzi pazithunzi.
Kuyatsa chachitatu malowa ndi kadzidzi. Idakhala nthawi yayitali chizindikiro cha nzeru komanso wachangu wachangu. Agiriki akale ndi Aroma amamuwona ngati wanzeru, akumutcha mnzake wa mulungu wamkazi Minerva. Malingaliro omwewo adagawidwa ndi Amwenye aku North America.
Chachinayi Turkey imakhala m'malo mwa "Mbalame zanzeru kwambiri padziko lapansi: TOP-10". Pakati pa anthu amadziwika kuti ndi opusa, koma zenizeni amawonetsa luso lalikulu la kulingalira. Mbalame zimapatsidwa mawonekedwe omwe amawonetsedwa pa mwayi uliwonse.
Lachisanu malo amatenga ndi abodza. Amakumbukira msewu wautali ndikugwiritsa ntchito zida zakale, mwachitsanzo, timitengo tamatabwa, kuti tipeze chakudya.
Kuyatsa wachisanu ndi chimodzi malo ndi njiwa. Amadziwika kuti amakumbukira malo kapena zojambula ndikuzizindikira patatha zaka zambiri. Momwe amakumbukira bwino anthu ndipo msewu umatsimikiziridwa ndi luso la kutumiza nkhunda zonyamula. Achi Japan ati kuti mbalamezi zimadziwona pagalasi ndipo zimachita bwino kuposa ana aang'ono. Zinali zakuti mitundu yina ya anyani, ma dolphin ndi njovu zomwe zinali ndi luso lotere. Okhala ku London akutsimikiza kuti nkhunda zimagwiritsa ntchito metro mu mzindawu, zimadziwa kuyimilira ndi potuluka. Ngati atakankhidwira m'galimoto, amawulowera kudzera pachipata china ndikufikiranso nthawi yomwe akufuna.
Chachisanu ndi chiwiri malo amatengedwa ndi tit. Ali ndi machenjerero ndi ukalamba.
Kuyatsa eyiti Udindo wake pamwambowu ndi wopanga nyenyezi. Imatha kutsitsa kulira kwa chizindikiro kapena nyimbo yomwe imamveka pafoni. Wokhala ku Copenhagen adatcha mbalameyo "Nokiya" yemwe amakhala m'munda wake chifukwa choti nyenyeziyo idatsitsa mafoniwo, ndikupanga mawu omwewo.
Kuyatsa wachisanu ndi chinayi malo pakati pa atsogoleri mpheta. Amawuluka pakati pa Alaska ndi California, akumawasiya maola atatu okha patsiku kuti agone.
Pomaliza khumie malo kuti mudziwe kuti ndi mbalame iti yomwe ili yanzeru kwambiri, adapita kwa cormorant. Mabanja awo amasamukira m'matumba ndipo amapanga mizere yolondera usiku umodzi. Komabe, masana ndizosavuta kuzigwira chifukwa cholemetsa, ndipo sizibwereka zophunzitsira.
Pali mawu akuti "malingaliro a mbalame." M'malo mwake, mbalame zimasiyana mu luntha ndi kukumbukira. Ndipo mbalame yanzeru kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi imatha kuthana ndi mavuto omwe sangatheke kwa anthu adakali aang'ono.