Garfish kapena wotchedwa muvi. Dzinalo lodziwika limatsindika kuonda komanso kutalika kwa nyama. Thupi lake limakhala ngati nthiti, ndipo mphuno yake yayitali imakhala ngati singano. Nsagwada amatseguka ngati mulomo. Mkati mwake, mumakhala mano ndi lakuthwa komanso owonda.

Maonekedwe ndi achilendo, ndipo kukoma kwake ndikabwino kwambiri. Shargan ali ndi nyama yoyera, yoyera komanso yofewa. Pali mafupa osachepera. Chifukwa chake, asodzi samasokonezeka ndi "kutopa" kwazing'ono kwa nyama. Ngati mukudula muvi koyamba, ndizosangalatsa kuyang'ana osati mawonekedwe ake okha. Wokhala m'madzi amakhala ndi mafupa obiriwira.

Ndani nsomba

Garfish ndi amodzi mwa nsomba zokhala ndi ray, zokumbira, zomwe zimaphatikizidwa mu gulu la nsomba zamafupa (palinso gulu la nsomba za cartilaginous, kuphatikizapo shaki ndi stingrays). Mu kalasi ya nsomba zovala-ray pali superorder "Real bony nsomba", momwe mwa malo ambiri omwe amapezeka ndi Sarganoobraznye. Mabanja anayi ndi odziwika mu gawo lino, amodzi mwa iwo ndi banja la a Sarganov, momwe muli mitundu pafupifupi makumi awiri ndi isanu.

Mitundu yambiri ya nsomba ya banja la a Sarganov ndi anthu am'madzi am'madzi, ndipo asanu okha ndi madzi abwino. Pafupifupi onsewa amakonda malo otentha komanso otentha, koma mitundu ina ya m'madzi imakhala m'malo otentha.

Mawonekedwe

Kufotokozera kwa nsomba zam'madzi:

• Kwa sarganovs onse, thupi limakhala lotalika kwambiri komanso loonda.
• Masikelo ndi ochepa kwambiri, cycloid (m'mphepete mwa sikelo ndi lathyathyathya, popanda nick).
• Mzere wotsatira umakhala wotsika kwambiri - pafupifupi pamimba.
• Ma spiky ma ray m'mphepete palibe.
• Mphete za anal ndi dorsal zili pafupi kwambiri ndi mchira, kukhala ngati chithunzi chagalasi wina ndi mnzake.
• Nsagwada zazitali kwambiri komanso zamphamvu, zokumbutsa za tweezers, zimakhala kwathunthu ndi mano owoneka ngati mano omwe amathandizira kugwira ndikugwira nyama.

Mu chithunzi cha nsomba ya garfish, mawonekedwe onse omwe ali pamwambawa akuwonekera bwino.

Koma pali mawonekedwe ena apangidwe amkati omwe ali ndi mawonekedwe a kufalikira kwa ma argan:

• Chikhodzodzo cha kusambira sichilumikizidwa ndi esophagus, monga zimakhalira ndi nsomba zina, mwachitsanzo, beluga (kuchokera ku dongosolo la sturgeon).
• Mwa mitundu ina (nsomba za banja la a Sarganov) msana ndi wobiriwira.

Kodi nsomba zamtchire zobiriwira ndizani

Pamafunso oti nsomba ili ndi msombowu wobiriwira, yankho siyenera kufunafuna osati kokha maonekedwe akunja, komanso muyenera "kuyang'ana" mkati ndikukumbukira za mafupa a msana. Mtundu wachilendo kwambiri wamafupa amtunduwu ndi chifukwa cha kupezeka kwamtundu wamtundu wobiriwira mwa iwo, womwe umatchedwa biliverdin.

Nsomba zonse ndi nsomba zodyedwa ndi nyama yokoma. Koma si mayiko onse omwe amaganiza kuti azigwiritsa ntchito chakudya chifukwa cha tsankho lomwe limayamba chifukwa cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mafosili. Ndikokwanira kuiwala za izi, ndipo kuchokera mu nsomba izi mumatha kuphika zakudya zambiri zokoma.

Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe a chovalacho

Sargan - nsomba chigaza. Palinso ma cartilaginous, mwachitsanzo, shaki ndi mbola. Nsomba zoyipa zimagawidwa kukhala mizere yayikulu. Garfish imaphatikizidwa ndi "bony lenileni." Chinsinsi chake chimatchedwa - "garganoobraznye". Banja limatchedwa sarganov. Oimira ake amadziwika ndi:

• Mulingo woyenera komanso woonda komanso m'mphepete, wotchedwa cycloid
• zipsepse zopanda misewu ndi ma ray owuma
• Ziphuphu za anal ndi zam'mbuyo ndizoyang'anizana, chimodzi pamwambapa ndi china pansi, pafupifupi mchira
• mzere wofananira umapezeka kwambiri pamimba ya nsomba kuposa kumbali
• chikhodzodzo cha kusambira chimasiyidwa ku dongosolo logaya chakudya, kupereka cholozera

Biliverdin amapereka mtundu wobiriwira kwa msana wa garfish. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwamitundu ya bile. Mankhwala ndi chinthu chowola m'maselo a m'mafupa a m'mafupa.

Kutenthedwa

Biliverdin amakonda zosasangalatsa. Komabe, sipakufunika mafupa a garfish. Mafupa, mwa njira, amakhala obiriwira panthawi ya kutentha.

Bileverdin si poizoni, ngakhale imawopseza ambiri ndi mtundu wake. Utoto wa chovalacho kuchokera pamwamba umaphatikizanso wobiriwira. Kumbuyo kwa nsomba kumawataya. Mmbali ndi m'mimba zake ndi siliva.

Momwe matupi amadzi amachitikira

Pali mitundu 25 ya nsomba m'banjali. Anthu awiri amakhala munyanja. Madzi abwino ngati 5 okha. M'mphepete mwa mapiri otentha mumakhala mapiri ataliatali. Asitima apamadzi am'madzi komanso malo otentha amakonzera nsomba zam'madzi.

Mitundu yamadzi oyera imagwidwa ku Ecuador, Guiana ndi Brazil. M'madzi awo mumakhala mitundu iwiri. Ena 2 amakhala m'malo okhala ku India, Ceylon ndi Indonesia. Usodzi wachisanu wa nsomba zamchere wapezeka kumpoto kwa Australia.

Nsomba zonse zam'madzi abwino ndi nsomba zam'nyanja sizikhala m'mphepete mwa nyanja komanso zimakola mumchenga pazovuta kwambiri. M'chithunzithunzi gulu lankhondo Nthawi zina nsonga ya mphuno yakumaso kapena mchira womwe umamatirira m'mphepete mwa nyanja.

Mukamasankha malo apansi, gulu lankhondo limakonda zovuta. Monga lamulo, arrowfish imapezeka pafupi ndi miyala. Kutali ndi iwo ndi m'mphepete mwa nyanja, mitundu yazokha ya nsomba zam'madzi zimasambira, mwachitsanzo, ngati riboni.

Mawonekedwe

Asodzi a nsomba ali m'gulu la nsomba zamafupa. Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti shaki ndi stingray nawonso ali mgululi. Chowunikacho ndi chofanana ndi chinzake, nthawi yomweyo chimakhala ndimagulu anayi, kuphatikiza mitundu 15. Komabe, si onse omwe amapezeka nthawi zambiri asodzi.

Momwe mungasiyanitsire nsomba zam'madzi ndi pike ndi singano:

• Garfish imakhala ndi thupi loonda kwambiri.
• Makala opanda nsonga, ochepa kwambiri.
• Zipsepse za Dorsal - kuwonetsera wina ndi mnzake.
• Nsagwada yam'manja yolimba, itakhala ndi ma fang, woyimirayo wogwidwayo amatha kugwiranso dzanja mwamphamvu.
• Mukadula nsomba, mutha kuzindikira kuti msana ndiwobiliwira.
• Kutalika kwapakati ndi 90-100 cm.

Mu chithunzi cha garfish, mutha kuwona zosiyana zingapo zomwe zingakuthandizeni kudziwa mtundu wa akugwidwa pa mbedza.

Mitundu ya nsomba

Mwa mitundu 25 ya ngwazi yankhaniyo, madzi abwino kwambiri. Komabe, nsomba zonse za muvi ndizochepa. Komabe, chimphona chimodzi chimakhala munyanja. Ndi ichi timayamba kuwerengera mitundu:

1. Mamba. Imafika kutalika kwa mita 2, komwe imatchedwa chimphona. Dzina lina lanyama ndi pike la chipolopolo. Mosiyana ndi zovala zambiri, thupi la ng’ona limakutidwa ndi mamba olimba. Amapanga mpumulo wofanana ndi khungu la ng'ona. Chimphona chimalemera pafupifupi kilogalamu 6.

2. Wachizungu. Imakula mpaka masentimita 60. Nsomba zimadzaza ku Atlantic, ndikukumana pagombe la Africa ndi Old World. Kuyenda ku Mediterranean, nyamayo imalowa kupita ku Nyanja Yakuda. Garfish imawonetsedwa m'magulu osiyana. Amatchedwa kuti - Nyanja Yakuda. Garfish uyu ndi wocheperako pang'ono kuposa anthu ambiri aku Europe. Kumbuyo kwa chinyama kuli mzere wakuda.

3. Pacific. Ku Russia amatchedwa Far East. Imapezeka kumadzi akumwera kwa Primorye, makamaka, munyanja ya Japan. Nsomba zimafika mita kutalika. M'madzi a Primorsky Territory, nyamayo imadyetsa mafuta ndi kunenepa, ikusambira kumeneko kokha chilimwe. Mikwingwirima yamtambo imatha kuwoneka kumbali za chovala cha Far East.

4. Madzi oyera. Pansi pa dzinali nsomba zamadzi zatsopano zonse ndizogwirizana. Iwo samatambalala masentimita oposa 30. Izi, kuphatikiza ndi chizolowezi chamadzi abwino, zimakupatsani mwayi woti musunge nsomba mumivi. Popeza nsomba zimadya zilombo, sizothandiza kwenikweni kuwabera tambula ting'onoting'ono. Mivi imakoloweka ku catfish, ma cichlids akuluakulu.

5. Mbedza zamtundu wakuda. Ili ndi malo ozungulira kamvekedwe ka mchira. M'mphepete mwa nyamayo pali mikwingwirima yopingasa. Kutalika kwake, anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lakuda amafikira masentimita 50. Dzina lachiwiri la mitunduyo ndi Mbedza zakuda.

M'masiku a Soviet, nsomba zam'madzi zamtundu wa Black Sea zinali m'gulu la atsogoleri asodzi. Pofika zaka za zana la 21, kuchuluka kwa mivi yaku Russia kwatsika.

Zopatsa thanzi komanso moyo

Thupi loonda, lomwe kenako limapanikizika komanso lalitali la ngwazi yankhaniyo likuwonetsa mayendedwe ngati funde. Nsombazo zimasambira ngati njoka zamadzi.

Garfish amasambira kumtunda kwamadzi, ndiye kuti ndi a nsombagic. Mivi yambiri ndi gulu. Mukusonkhana masukulu zikwizikwi, nyama zimapanga liwiro la makilomita 60 pa ola limodzi. Chizindikirochi chikufanana ndi mtundu wa mapikidwe osaka. Ndiwonso ofanana maonekedwe.

Pogwira kumtunda, gulu lankhondo limatha kupuma. Ntchito zamapapu zimayamba kugwira ntchito yotulutsa mivi. Kusintha kumachitika m'madzi osakhala ndi okosijeni kapena nsomba zikaikidwa m'mchenga.

Pazakudya, nsomba zamtunduwu ndizosavomerezeka, nkhanu zomwe zikugwira, nsomba zazing'ono, mazira, tizilombo, ma invertebrates, ngakhale abale awo. Mivi iyi imawonekanso ngati pikes.

Kudya kosasankha ndi zina mwazinthu zomwe zimalola nsomba zamtunduwu kukhala ndi moyo kwa zaka mamiliyoni ambiri. Nsomba yokuta

Kodi garoti amakhala kuti?

Ma Sarganiformes amaphatikizapo nsomba, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala m'madzi kupatula mitundu yamadzi payokha. Nyanja, nsomba zam'madzi zimakhala pafupi ndi gombe. Palinso ena omwe amasankha miyala yamakona ngati malo awo okhala.

Ndipo nsomba zokhala ndi bala yakuda, yomwe ili ponseponse pagombe la South Asia (gombe la Pakistan ndi India), imatha kudziyika yokha mu dothi lofewa (silt ndi mchenga wabwino) pamadzi otsika, otsalira mu ngalande zamadzi.

Imalowa mu dothi lamchenga lakuya pafupifupi masentimita 50, kudikirira nthawi yayitali yamadzi ochepa. Pa nthawi yayitali yanyanjayi, amachoka panjirayo ndipo amatha kubwerera kunyanja, komwe amakhala mozama pafupifupi mita 10. Onani chithunzi cha nsomba yankhosi yamtundu wakuda wa Sargan, yomwe idadziwika ndi dzina chifukwa chakuda kuzungulira kumbali iliyonse ya pansi papala.

Pali mitundu ya nsomba pakati pa nsomba zomwe zimatalikirana mpaka kunyanja, ngati nsomba zamtchire (Ablennes hians), zomwe zimapezeka kawirikawiri m'madzi otentha am'madzi padziko lonse lapansi.

Imodzi mwa nsomba zochepa zam'madzi zokhala m'madzi abwino amakhala m'malo osungira madzi (nyanja ndi ngalande), komanso kukamwa kwa mitsinje kumayiko ena aku Southeast Asia. Nthawi zambiri zimawetedwa m'madzi am'madzi, chifukwa sizimakula kupitilira masentimita 30. Awa ndi nsomba zobiriwira zasiliva zokhala ndi thupi lalitali, lopanda malire.

Usodzi

Usodzi zosangalatsa komanso zoopsa. Mano okhala ngati singano am'madzi amakhala ndi mabala owawa. Mphuno yolimba komanso yolimba ya nyamayo ikhoza kuboola thupi. Zimakhala zotheka mwachangu. Popeza takhala ndi liwiro lathunthu, nsomba imatha kuwombana ndi anthu awiri:

1. Kuchita mantha ndi kuwala kowala. Zochitika zimachitika usiku kukasodza kapena kungoyenda zombo zazing'ono zomwe zimakhala ndi kusefukira kwamadzi. Powawaona, nsomba yokhala ndi khungu imadumphira m'madzi mwachangu.
2. Opunthwa pa chopinga. Ngati chiweto sichinazindikire kutali, chimayesera kudumpha, ndikuwuluka pamwamba pamadzi. Kuuluka, singano imaba zinthu ndi zolengedwa zomwe zimagwera mnjira.

Mutha kudula singano mukasodza kuchokera pagombe. Carabiner agwidwa kuchokera kutali ndi 40-100 mita. Muyenera kutenga amene wagwidwa pansi pamutu panu, ngati njoka. Nyamayo ikasokosera, kuyesa kuluma. Sanjani mosamala singano yomwe yadula mbewa ndi makulidwe pansi.

Mutha kugwira ngwazi ya nkhaniyo osati kuchokera pagombe, bwato, komanso pansi pamadzi. Polemekeza nsomba muvi, ngakhale wotchuka wetsuit. Sargan okonda kuponya mikondo amaphatikizira "oyambira 10 abwino kwambiri pamsika wapakhomo." Kwenikweni, wetsuit sikhala yekha. Pansi pa dzina lodziwika bwino "Sargan" mitundu yopitilira 10 imapangidwa.

Kubalana komanso kukhala ndi moyo wautali

Pakaponya caviar, garfish imasankha makina pakati pamatanthwe, pakati pamadzi am'madzi, osagombe. Amuna azaka 5 zakubadwa ndi akazi azaka 6 ayamba kubereka. Uku ndi kutha. Nsomba zachikale, ndizomwe zimatenganso masewera amasewera.

Akazi amatulutsa mazira kangapo ndi masabata awiri. Kuyambira mu Epulo, kutulutsa kumatha pokhapokha mwezi wa August.

Algae amafunikira osati mazira okha. Makapisozi amamangiriridwa pazomera pogwiritsa ntchito ulusi. Caviar wa garfish amapezeka pafupi ndi pamwamba.

Nsomba za Arrow zimabadwa theka sentimita ndipo zimakhala ndi nsagwada zazifupi. Mphuno imatalika pamene nyama ikukula.

M'madzi am'madzi, nsomba zamtchire zimakhala zaka 4. Chifukwa chake, uwu ndi m'badwo wa mivi yamadzi oyera. Mwachilengedwe, zimakhala zaka 7, kuyambira kutomera kale kuposa mitundu ya nyama zam'madzi. Amakhala zaka 13.

Zosiyanitsa

Kukula kwa garfish wamba kungakhale mpaka masentimita 80. Ngakhale pakamwa pocheperako, kamagwira nyama m'manja mwamphamvu kwambiri. Zoyenera kukhala subclass "Ray-Finned" ndi superorder "weniweni bony".

Malinga ndi chithunzi ndi mafotokozedwe a nsomba, mawonekedwe otsatirawa ndi otchuka:

• Zowonda zazing'ono, zapakatikati ndi zigawo zosalala
• Palibe zingwe zamisala pa zipsepse
• Ali ndi mtundu waimvi.
• Ziphuphu ndi ma anal zimafanana mu mawonekedwe, pafupi ndi mchira
• Mafupa obiriwira chifukwa cha biliverdin wapadera

Ngakhale biliverdin pachithunzi cha nsomba ya garfish imawoneka yosasangalatsa, ndiyotetezeka kwathunthu. Utoto umapangidwa chifukwa chakuwonongeka kwa maselo m'magazi mu ubongo. Gawo la bony silidyedwa, motero palibe chifukwa chodandaula.

Habitat

Amakhala m'madzi ambiri momwe madzi amatentherera. Ngati titatembenukira ku dziko la Russia, titha kudziwa za Taganrog Bay ndi Black Sea. Nthawi zambiri, mtunduwu umapezeka ku White ndi Azov.

Mitundu yayikulu kwambiri (yopitilira mita imodzi) nthawi zambiri imagwidwa pa Cape Verde. Sarganovy samasowa kusambira pafupi ndi gombe ndipo nthawi zambiri miyala yamiyala yamiyala.

Tcherani khutu!

Mitundu yomwe ilipo

Mwathunthu, pali mitundu 25 ya argillum, ndipo yaying'ono kwambiri imapezeka m'madzi atsopano. Nsomba yonseyi sikufikira kukula kwakukulu, koma yayikulu kwambiri. Tikuyankhula za moyo wam'madzi. Mwa otchuka kwambiri, mayina anayi amatha kusiyanitsidwa:

European. Imakhala kunyanja ya Atlantic ndipo imapezeka m'mphepete mwa Africa ndi Europe. Kutalika kwake ndi yaying'ono - masentimita 80 pafupifupi. Kupyola Nyanja ya Mediterranean nthawi zambiri kumathera mu Nyanja Yakuda. Gulu lopatula limasiyanitsidwa pano - nsomba yakuda, nsomba yam'madzi.

Kudya Ubwino

Choyambirira, mitundu ina ya safara ndiofalikira ku Russia. Chifukwa chake, phindu la garfish komanso kukoma kwambiri sizingagwere chikwama, monga momwe zilili ndi mbale zotchuka za nsomba.

Ubwino wina mu ochepa mafupa ndi mtima wamtima. Sargan adzalemeretsa thupi ndi ayodini, phosphorous ndi chitsulo. Omega-3 mafuta acids amasintha khungu ndikuletsa kukalamba.

Ndipo mavitamini a B ali ndi zotsatira zabwino m'mitsempha yamagazi - izi zikutanthauza kutetezedwa ku ziwopsezo zamagazi ndi matenda a mtima. Kutsekemera kotereku sikungathetse njala yanu, komanso kubweretsa ma bonasi ambiri ku thupi.

1. Kufotokozera kwathunthu kwa chovalacho

Banja la sargan limayimiridwa ndi mitundu 9 ya mitundu, yoposa 25 mitundu. Sargan ndi amodzi mwa anthu okhala m'madzi okhala ndi thupi lopatsa chidwi. Thupi lokhazikika limakutidwa ndi miyeso yaying'ono ya siliva. Yakhala ndi nsagwada zazitali. Kumbuyo kuli kupindika.

Predator-garfish imakhala ndi mano ang'ono komanso owala, ndikumulola kuti azigwira nsomba zazing'ono panthawi yosuntha.
Biliverdin omwe amapezeka mu mafupa (a bile bile wobiriwira) amawapangitsa kukhala mtundu wobiriwira.

Kodi nkhandwe zimakhala kuti?

Zinsomba za ku Nyanja Yakuda zimakhala chifukwa cha zakudya za hamsa, ndipo monga mukudziwa, nsomba yaying'onoyi imasamukira. Komabe, nyengo yakuchepa kwa nyama ya hamsa, nsomba za nsomba zimadya pang'ono.

Oyimira ena amakopedwanso: majeremusi ndi zophukira. Garfish ndi nsomba yam'madzi kwambiri, kuthamangitsa nyama, imawombera pamwamba pamadzi.

Nsomba za Arrow sizisamukira kawirikawiri, koma padzakhala njala - kusaka chakudya kumawakakamiza kuti achoke pamalo ake. Ndikosavuta kutsata kayendedwe - nsomba zimatsata hamsa, yomwe nthawi yachisanu imabweza ku Nyanja ya Azov.

Muvi umakondanso gombe la Crimea, komwe asodzi amakonda kudya nsomba. Izi zimapangitsa kuti azitha kusaka nthumwi yokoma chaka chonse.

Pofotokoza za komwe nsomba zam'madzi zimakhala, malo awiri amatha kusiyanitsidwa nthawi imodzi: kuyambira Julayi mpaka kumapeto kwa Seputembala, kuchokera pagombe lamiyala, nthawi yozizira, imalowa munyanja pafupi ndi malo osambira.

Momwe zimaswana

Nsomba zam'madzi zam'nyanja - zimasamba mchaka cha 5 cha moyo wake.Nthawi yowaza imasiyanasiyana ndi oimira ena amtunduwu, nsomba zimayamba kutuluka kuyambira Seputembala mpaka Okutobala.

Akazi ambiri amayikira mazira 30,000. Monga kuswana kulikonse, zonse zimatengera malo, zaka zazikazi, nyengo.

Mazira ndi akulu, akulemera pafupifupi magalamu 2-3. Nsombazi zimayesetsa kutuluka pafupi ndi miyala ndi algae kuti mazira ang'onoang'ono akhazikike mothandizidwa ndi njira zazing'ono.

Panyengo yabwino nyengo ya nyengoyo, mwachangu imakula mkati mwa masiku 10. Miyezi isanu ndi umodzi yoyambirira, chibwano sichimatchulidwa kwenikweni, komabe, mawonekedwe a mdani, nsomba zazing'ono zimapeza chaka chotsatira.

Mbiri yaku Israeli

Koma, mu Novembala 2018, msodzi wa amateur amateur wotchedwa Vyachedlav adakana izi. Kukula kwa masentimita 107 kutalika ndi kulemera magalamu 1635 kunagwidwa pafupifupi 9 koloko m'malire a nyanja ya Sironit ku Netanya. Mbedza yayikulu inanyengedwa ndi nyambo yochokera ku sardine. Nayi malipoti a chithunzi cha munthu wokongola uyu.

Komabe, izi ndizowerengeka, ndipo anthu wamba kwambiri ndi omwe amafikira 70 - 75 cm ndipo wolemera mpaka 1,3 kg.

Palinso chinanso, mwachitsanzo, m'malo otentha pamakhala woimira wamkulu wa buluzi - ng'ona, mpaka kukula kwa 180 cm.

Chiyembekezo chamoyo sichikhala choposa zaka 13. Nthawi zambiri anthu ochokera zaka 5 mpaka 9 amapezeka.

Kubereka - nthawi ndi mawonekedwe a kubzala

Nsombazi zimafika ku msambo mchaka chimodzi zakubadwa zaka 4 - 5. Kutalikirana kumatha kuyambira Meyi mpaka Ogasiti. Nsomba zimapezeka pafupi ndi gombe. Mazira ali ndi ulusi womata womwe umamatilira kuzomera zam'madzi. Kutentha kwabwino kwa kucha kwa mazira amakuwonera ngati kutentha pamwamba pa madigiri 10. Garfish imatha kutulutsa mazira pafupifupi 15,000, oyimilira akuluakulu - mpaka 50 zikwi. Mphutsi zimasambira m'malo a m'mphepete mwa madzi. Mosiyana ndi akulu, mapangidwe a chibwano amakhala afupikitsa. M'chaka choyamba cha moyo, amatenga kachulukidwe kamtambo ka nsomba zazikulu.

Mitundu ya nsomba

Msodzi wotchuka kwambiri wam'madzi ndi nsomba wamba kapena ku Europe (Belone belone). Malo omwe amakhala ndi madzi otentha pang'ono a Nyanja ya Atlantic kumapeto kwa Europe ndi m'mphepete mwa kumpoto kwa Africa. Kupyola mu Nyanja ya Mediterranean, imadutsa Nyanja Yakuda, pomwe gulu la nsomba za Black Sea (Belone belone euxini) limadziwika. Nsomba za Belone belone kutalika zimatha kutalika pafupifupi mita imodzi (90 sentimita), ndipo mzake wolimbana ndi Black Sea ndizocheperako pang'ono - mpaka 60 sentimita.

Kufotokozera za nsomba zodziwika bwino za garfish: thupi lalitali kwambiri lokhala ndi mbuyo wobiriwira komanso mbali zobiriwira zasiliva komanso Mzere wooneka bwino kumbuyo.

Kusunthika kwakanthawi kumakhala chovala cha Belone belone: ​​pakuwonekera, akuluakulu amabwera pafupi ndi gombe. Nthawi yozizira imakhala panyanja yayikulu, ndikuyenda mozungulira. Kupha nsomba kusukulu, kusambira mwachangu. Ndipo posambira mwachangu iwo amagwira crustaceans ndi nsomba zazing'ono (sprat, hamsa, sprat) zomwe amadya.

Msodzi wamkulu kwambiri

Chinsomba chachikulu kwambiri cha dongosolo la Sarganiformes (kuphatikiza nsomba yotchuka yowuluka) ndi gawo la banja la a Sarganovye (Belonidae). Dzina lake ndi ng'ona garfish kapena chimphona (Tylosurus crocodilus). Imakhala m'malo otentha am'madzi onse am'madzi ndipo imatha kufikira mamita awiri kutalika. Kulemera kwake kumatha kupitilira ma kilogalamu asanu ndi limodzi.

5.3 Ndi malo abwino ati oti mugwirepo nsomba

Mtunda wabwino kwambiri wam'madzi umaganiziridwa kuti ndi wa 40 mpaka 100. Mphepete mwa nyanja, mabatani, matanthwe ndi makhwala. M'madzi otsika, nsomba zam'madzi zimabisala m'malo otetezedwa, ndikudziphimba ndi silt mpaka kuya. Kusodza pa scythe kumakupatsani mwayi woti muchoke pagombe.

Malo odalitsanso ndi mafunde a surf, omwe amapita kunyanja kwamamita ambiri patsogolo.
Kusodza m'matanthwe kumatha kukupatsani mwayi wopeza nsomba zam'madzi, chifukwa sizowopsa m'malo ngati amenewa.

Madoko - kwa asodzi akuwoneka ngati malo achidwi oti agwire. Apa, nyumba zosiyanasiyana zimapezeka zomwe zimapatula malo osaya ndi malo akuya, ndipo mabotolo amabwatidwa ndi masamba azomera ndipo amakopa nsomba zazing'ono zomwe zimasakidwa ndi garfish.

Malo abwino ndi omwe amakhala ndi bata. Chisamaliro chimayenera kuperekedwanso kumadera omwe m'malire amtsogolo pang'onopang'ono, madziwo amalemeretsedwa ndi okosijeni ndipo amakopa nsomba zazing'ono, zomwe ndiz chakudya cha ambiri omwe amadyera, kuphatikiza ndi nsomba zam'madzi.

Mbedza zam'mawa zakutali

M'madzi aku Russia (kupatula Nyanja Yakuda), arrowfish imapezeka m'madzi aku Japan a Southern Primorye. Iyi ndi nsomba yaku Far East kapena Pacific garfish (Strongylura anastomella), yomwe imakulanso mpaka 90 - 100 cm.

Thupi lake lokhala ngati nthiti lomwe limapanikizika pambuyo pake limakutidwa ndi mamba ochepa kwambiri. Chingwe cholumikizira "chabisidwa" m'khola lomwe limakhala pamphepete pamimba. Mbali iliyonse imakongoletsedwa ndi chingwe chaching'ono cha siliva wamtundu wa buluu, kuyambira pakona patali ya chivundikiro cha gill ndikupita ku caudal fin. Palibe mikwingwirima yopingasa mbali zonse.

M'madzi a Primorsky Territory, nsomba zamtchirezi zimangolowa m'chilimwe kokha kuti ziberekane komanso kudyetsa. Kutumphuka kumachitika m'malo osaya kwambiri a ma bays, ma bays ndi ma chala m'zitenje zamadzi pansi pa madzi, mwina udzu wam'nyanja.

Njira yoyenda ndikulumpha

Pokhala ndi thupi lalitali la njoka, nsomba zimasambira, ndikupanga mafunde ake.

Zimasambira mothamanga kwambiri ndipo zimatha kuchita zoponya molimba popanda kuchepetsa kuthamanga. Choyambitsa kuponyera kotereku chingakhale mantha kapena kufunafuna zomwe zingachitike ngati muli ndi njala. Potere, nsomba imadumphira m'madzi ndipo imatha kudumphira kutali. Nthawi zina amatuluka m'madzi kuti adumphe zinthu zosiyanasiyana zopezeka pamwamba pa madzi. Mwachitsanzo, bwato kapena rafti imatha kukhala chopinga chotere.

Nsomba za Garfish. Kufotokozera, mawonekedwe, mitundu, momwe amakhalira ndi nsomba

Garfish — nsomba ndi thupi lapadera, lalitali. Nthawi zambiri amatchedwa kuti muvi nsomba. Mitundu yodziwika kwambiri ya nsomba zam'madzi imapezeka m'madzi akuchapa North Africa, Europe. Sizachilendo ku Pacific ndi Nyanja Yakuda.

Kuopsa kolumpha mikondo ya anthu

Cholepheretsa chilichonse pamadzi chimakhala patsogolo pa bedi, kapena chimachita mantha ndi kuwala kowala kwamiyala yomwe ili pa sitimayo (usiku), imatulukira m'madzi mothamanga kwambiri. Kudumpha kwake kungakhale koopsa kwa okwera. Ndipo pali milandu ingapo yodziwika yovulala kowopsa asodzi nsomba zikagwera munthuyu pa ntchentche.

Chiyambidwe cha mafotokozedwe ndi kufotokozera

Mitundu iliyonse ya nsomba zamtunduwu ndi ya banja la garfish. Mwa njira, chosangalatsa kwambiri ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nsomba yomwe ilinso yamtunduwu. Izi zikuphatikiza ndi nsomba zodziwika bwino komanso zodziwika bwino zam'madzi otentha.

Kukhala wa mafuta anyama kumakhazikitsidwa makamaka ndi mafupa am'mutu. Kuwonongeka kwa matumba a cartilages ena kumasiyanitsidwa makamaka ndi chovalacho, chomwe chimafotokozera makamaka kusasinthika kwa chibwano chapamwamba. Chakudya cham'mimba sichimalumikizidwa ndi chikhodzodzo cha mpweya - ichi ndi chinthu china chofunikira kwambiri cha garfish.

Moyo & Habitat

Sargan ndi nkhambakamwa yovomerezeka. Kuukira mwachangu ndiye mtundu waukulu wa nsomba. Mitundu yayikulu imakonda kukhala payekha. Kuyembekezera ozunzidwawo. Oyandikana nawo amtundu wawo amachititsa mpikisano wosafunikira m'gawo la forage ndipo amawopseza ndi mikangano yayikulu mpaka wotsutsa adadyedwa.

Mitundu yamitundu yayitali ndi yaying'ono imaphatikizidwa ndi magulu. Kuphatikizika komwe kumakhalapo kumathandizira kusaka bwino kwambiri komanso kumawonjezera mwayi wotetezera moyo wa munthu. Nsomba zamadzi oyera zimatha kupezeka m'malo osungira nyama. Koma zomwe zili mu nsomba zamtunduwu zimatha kudzitamandira okha oyenda pansi oyenda pansi.

Kunyumba, nsomba zamtchire sizimakula kuposa 0,3 m, komabe, gulu la nsomba zokhala ndi mivi siliva zimafuna madzi ambiri. Itha kuwonetsa chikhalidwe chake cholusa ndikudya oyandikana nawo malo okhala.

Ndi aquarium yomwe ili ndi nsomba zamadzi oyera, ndikofunikira kuyang'anira kutentha kwa madzi ndi acidity. Thermometer iyenera kuwonetsa 22- 28 ° C, wolemba acidity - 6.9 ... 7.4 pH. Zakudya zomwe zimapezeka ku aquarium garfish zikufanana ndi chikhalidwe chawo - izi ndi zidutswa za nsomba, chakudya chamoyo: maukonde amwazi, shrimps, ma tadpoles.

Msodzi wolumpha nsomba umakondanso kusunga nyumba. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito madzi am'madzi, imachita mantha, imatha kudumphira m'madzi ndikuvulaza munthu yemwe ali ndi mulomo wakuthwa. Mawonekedwe akuthwa, othamanga kwambiri nthawi zina amawonongeranso nsomba: imaphwanya anthu oyenda ngati nsagwada.

Kanema: Sargan

Tiyenera kudziwa kuti nsomba zam'madzi zam'madzi ndi imodzi mwa nsomba zakale kwambiri zomwe zakhala m'madzi am'madzi ambiri. Kuchokera kwa iwo komwe mitundu ina yambiri ya nsomba zimachokera.

Ngakhale nsomba za nsomba zimadyedwa, sizingatchulidwe zoopsa komanso zankhanza. Sitinganenanso kuti nsomba zazikulu kwambiri zimavulaza nsomba zina. Mafunso ochulukirapo amabwera pakugawidwa kwa mitunduyi mu Nyanja Yakuda ndi Azov, chifukwa m'njira zambiri nsomba izi zimakonda malo otseguka am'madzi chifukwa chogwira ntchito kwambiri. Izi zitha kuchitika chifukwa chakuti nsomba zazikuluzikulu za Black Sea ndizochepa ndipo siziposa 60 cm kutalika, pomwe mitundu ina imatha kufika 1.5-2 m.

Chowoneka Chosangalatsa: Kuopsa kwa anthu kumayambitsidwa ndi woyimira wamkulu wa ma lubes - mamba. Imakhala pafupi ndi miyala yamiyala yamchere ndipo imatha kutalika 2 m. Usiku, nsomba yam'madzi imathamangira kukuwala kwa nyali, ndikupanga liwiro kwambiri kotero kuti imatha kuvulaza asodzi komanso ngakhale mabwato ena. Dzinalo la subspecies limachitika chifukwa choti nsagwada za garogo wamkango ndizofanana kwambiri ndi mano a ng'ona palokha.

Maonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe ake

Chithunzi: Kodi garfish imawoneka bwanji

Mbalameyi imakhala ndi maonekedwe abwino kwambiri oyambira, chifukwa chake siziwoneka. Pankhaniyi, mikangano nthawi zambiri imabweranso chifukwa cha mitundu yake, popeza mafuta anyama mosavuta. Nthawi zambiri, nsomba zam'madzi zimayerekezeredwa ndi singano.

Kufanizira konseku kumachitika chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake. Garfish imakhala ndi thupi lalitali, lalitali mbali. Nsagwada ndi zazitali komanso zofananira ndi ma tonne akuluakulu okhala ndi mano owoneka bwino. Ngati mukuyang'ana chovalacho kuchokera kumaso, ndiye kuti mutha kuzindikira nsagwada yakutsogolo. Izi zimapangitsa kuti nsomba zofanana ndi nsomba zoyenda panyanja komanso ngakhale maululu akale - pterodactyls. Ngakhale zovala zagolidi sizikhala mbadwa zawo, mtundu womwewo umanenedwa pafupifupi kulikonse. Nthawi zambiri wobzala mano ang'onoang'ono amachititsa kufanana kumeneku.

Zipsepse zamakutu ndi ma dorsal zimakhala kumbuyo kwa thupi. Chifukwa cha izi, kusinthasintha kwa chovalachi kumawonjezeka kwambiri. Mzere wotsatira unachokera ku pectoral fin mpaka kumchira, womwe mwa oimira mtunduwu umasunthidwa pansi. Ndalama ya caudal ndiyophatikizika ndipo imakhala ndi miyeso yaying'ono. Mamba a Garfish ndi ochepa komanso ali ndi siliva wosiyana. Ponseponse, thupi la chovalacho limakhala ndi mitundu itatu yosiyanasiyana: kumbuyo kumtunda kuli kwakuda ndi mtundu wake wamtundu wobiriwira, mbali zake ndi zoyera imvi, koma m'mimba mwake muli mthunzi wowala kwambiri ndi siliva.

Mutu wa nsomba kumunsi ndi waukulu kwambiri komanso m'lifupi, pang'onopang'ono mpaka kumapeto kwa nsagwada. Poona izi, nsomba ija idalandilanso dzina lachiwiri: nsomba zamivi. Maso a garaki ndi akulu komanso opakidwa utoto, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti azitha kuyenda bwino kwambiri ngakhale pang'ono.

Chosangalatsa: Mafupa a Garfish amakhala ndi tint yobiriwira. Chifukwa cha izi, m'maiko ena amakana kudya nsomba konse. M'malo mwake, ndizotetezeka kokwanira, ndipo mthunzi wotere umangophatikizidwa ndi kukhalapo kwa biliverdin mthupi (utoto wobiriwira womwe uli ndi bile).

Kodi nsomba zimakhala kuti?

Chithunzi: Garfish

Pazonse, mitundu yocheperako 25 ya nsomba zam'madzi zimatulutsidwa. Kutengera yomwe ikulingaliridwa, malo omwe amakhalanso osiyana.

Zambiri, ndichikhalidwe kuphatikiza nsomba kuti zibereke ana ndikugawa m'magulu asanu:

• European. Mitundu yodziwika kwambiri, yomwe simapezeka malo amodzi - imadziwika ndi kusamuka kosasintha kwa nyengo. M'chilimwe, amabwera ku North Sea kuti akapange chakudya. Pofika nthawi yophukira, nsomba zimapita kudera la North Africa, komwe kumakhala kotentha,
• Nyanja Yakuda. Zimachitika, kupatula dzinalo, kuwonjezera pa Nyanja Yakuda, komanso ku Nyanja ya Azov,
• ngati riboni. Imakonda madzi ofunda kwambiri, chifukwa chake imangokhala pafupi ndi zilumba. Zilumba zam'madzi zam'madzi ndi zina mwa malo omwe amakonda kwambiri. Ndikosatheka kusiyanitsa dera lililonse lomveka bwino - saran woboola pakati umapezeka kumadera osiyanasiyana am'nyanja,
• Kumpoto Kakutali. Nthawi zambiri amakhala pagombe la China. M'chilimwe, nthawi zambiri chimafikira ku Russia Far East,
• wakuda-wakuda (wakuda). Imapezeka pafupi ndi South Asia, kuyesa kuyandikira kufupi momwe mungathere.

Mwa njira, nsomba zamtchire sizingakhale zofunikira kwathunthu chifukwa cha nsomba zam'madzi. Palinso mitundu yomwe imakonda madzi abwino ochokera m'mitsinje. Izi zimapezeka kawirikawiri m'mitsinje ya India, South America, makamaka nyengo yotentha. Kutengera izi, titha kunena kuti: zovalazo zilibe malire aliwonse am'deralo.

Mutha kukumana ndi nsomba pafupifupi kulikonse, mitundu yake imasiyana. Tinsomba timakonda kukhala pafupi ndi madzi kapena makulidwe ake, koma zimapewa kuzama kwambiri kapena kusaya.

Tsopano mukudziwa kumene nsomba zimapezeka. Tiwone zomwe amadya.

Kodi garfish amadya chiyani?

Chithunzi: Black Sea Garfish

Ma invertebrates, mphutsi za mollusk, ndipo ngakhale nsomba zazing'ono - izi ndiye chakudya chachikulu cha garfish. Ng'ombe zazing'onoting'ono ndi zina mwa nkhokwe zomwe gulu la garfish limayamba kufunafuna limodzi.

Koma sikuti nthawi zonse zimakhala zaphokoso kuti abuluzi amakumana ndi chakudya panjira. Ichi ndichifukwa chake nsomba yaying'ono kwa iwo ndi mtundu wa zakudya zamtengo wapatali, zomwe zimabwera mosawerengeka. M'nthawi yonseyo, mphutsi zimayenera kukhala zokhutira ndi mitundu yonse ya crustaceans. Pamwamba pa madzi amatha kunyamula tizilombo tambiri. Pofufuza chakudya cha anthu wamba osiyanasiyana apamadzi, nsomba za larkfish zimayendanso.

Njira zawo zitha kugawidwa m'mitundu iwiri yayikulu:

• kuyambira pansi pa madzi mpaka pamadzi. Nsomba mivi imayenda tsiku ndi tsiku,
• kuchokera pagombe kupita kunyanja - nyengo zosunthira kusukulu za nsomba.

Nsombazi zimatha kuyenda mwachangu kwambiri, zimasunthasuntha ndi thupi lalitali. Komanso, ngati pakufunika kutero, nsomba zam'madzi zimatha kudumphira m'madzi kuti zitha kupezana ndi munthu yemwe zikumuvutitsa. Mwa njira, pamavuto akulu, nsomba imatha kudumphadumpha zopinga. Mosiyana ndi nsomba zina zambiri, nsomba zam'madzi sizimadya chakudya chomera. Ngakhale zakudya zitasowa, sangadye chakudya chamchere.

Zowoneka Zochititsa Chidwi: Garfish imayenda, ikungoyendetsa ngati thupi ndi mafunde. Izi zimathandizira kuti nsomba zisamangoyenda mothamanga kwambiri, komanso kuti zizidumphira m'madzi. Nthawi zina, nsomba zimatha kuthamanga mpaka 60 km / h m'madzi.

Kapangidwe ka anthu ndi kubereka

Chithunzi: Garfish kunyanja

Sargan amakhala okhwima pazaka 2. Kenako nsomba yoyamba kumera. Chiwerengero chonse chokhala ndi moyo ndi chaka cha 6-7. Ngakhale adalembapo zochitika ali kuthengo, ma larkfish adakhalako zaka 13 mpaka 13.

Kuti zitheke, nsomba zimapita kugombe la nyanja. Kuchulukana kwa nthawi kumadalira malo omwe nsombazo zimakhala. Mu Nyanja ya Mediteren, kuyamba kwa kuwola ndi Marichi, koma Kumpoto ndi Meyi. Ndiye kuti, nsomba zimakonda kutuluka madziwo akayamba kutentha. Koma ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti mtsogolomo nyengo zina zilizonse (kusintha kwa kutentha, mchere wamadzi) sizingakhudze kutuluka, komwe kumatha miyezi yambiri. Malinga ndi ziwerengero, nsonga zake zimagwa pakati pa chilimwe. Ngakhale zinthu zina zitakhala kuti sizabwino, izi sizisintha mwanjira iliyonse, ndipo mulimonse momwemo nsomba zimayikira mazira mwanjira wamba.

Pofuna kuikira mazira, nsomba yayikulu wamkazi imayandikira pafupi ndi algae kapena stony plony. Yaikazi imatha kuyikira mazira mpaka akuya 1-15 m.Pafupifupi, mazira 30 mpaka 50 mazira amayikidwa nthawi. Mazira a garfish ndi okulirapo - amatha kutalika kwa 3.5 mm, komanso kukhala ndi mawonekedwe. Pofuna kupeza pang'onopang'ono pang'onopang'ono pamiyala yamiyala kapena pansi pamiyala, ulusi womatira umakhala mosiyanasiyana pamagolosale a mazira.

Fry imapangidwa mwachangu kwambiri - nthawi zambiri imatenga pafupifupi milungu iwiri. Mbawala zazing'ono zimabadwa usiku. Kutalika, mwana wamwamuna wobadwa kumene ndi 1-1,5 cm, pafupifupi mwathupi. Maphalawa amagwira ntchito mokwanira, ndipo maso opangidwa mwaluso amakupatsani mwayi woyenda momasuka ngakhale pang'ono. Choyipa kwambiri pakadali pano ndi zipsepse zamkati ndi zobala. Nthawi yomweyo, nsomba zam'madzi zimayendabe mwachangu kwambiri.

Utoto wonenepa. Zakudya zake zimapangidwa chifukwa cha zolk sac - izi zimapangitsa kuti mwachangu asamve kufunika kwa chakudya kwa masiku atatu. Kenako mwachangu amayamba kudya yekha mphutsi zake zachabe.

Adani Achilengedwe Achihargan

Chithunzi: Kodi garfish imawoneka bwanji

Mwachilengedwe, pali adani ambiri m'ndende. Izi makamaka ndi nsomba zazikuluzikulu zam'madzi (tuna, bluefish). Ma dolphin ndi mbalame za m'madzi za m'madzi zimakhalanso pachiwopsezo cha mizere. Nthawi yomweyo, m'zaka zaposachedwa, choopsa kwambiri cha chovalacho chakhala munthu. Tsopano kufunikira kwa nsomba ngati nsomba potengera usodzi kukuwonjezereka, ndichifukwa chake nsomba zikuwonjezeka kwambiri. Kutengera izi, chiwerengero cha anthu chikhoza kuchepa kwambiri.

Mwa njira, chovalacho chokha chingakhale chowopsa ngakhale kwa anthu. Usiku, zimakhala zowopsa m'malo osiyanasiyana chifukwa zimagwira kuwala kwawunthawi, ndikuthamangira nazo. Nsagwada zolimba ndizotheka kuvulaza. Koma izi zimagwira makamaka mitundu yayikulu. Ang'onoang'ono pafupifupi samakhala pachiwopsezo chowukira anthu. Popeza amadyera nyama, amangosaka nsomba zochepa. Ndipo nthawi zambiri - nsomba zimakonda kusaka m'matumba, osati zokhazokha.

Adani achilengedwe nthawi yakupsa amabweretsa ngozi yayikulu ku nsomba. Ndi mwachangu komanso nsambo ya garfish yomwe imakonda kugwidwa. Ngakhale anthu achikulire ndipo mwaulemu amateteza ana awo, komabe ambiri mazira ndi mwachangu amafa, osadikirira kutha. Amathanso kukhudzidwa chifukwa cha zinthu zachilengedwe pakusamuka.

Chowoneka Chosangalatsa: Mitundu yayikulu ya nsomba imatha kuvulaza asodzi, mwachangu kutuluka m'madzi mwachangu. Nthawi zambiri, izi zimachitika ngati nsomba zimasaka nyama kapena zikafuna kuthawa.

Chiwerengero cha anthu ndi mitundu

Chithunzi: Garfish

Ndizosatheka kuwerengetsa kuchuluka kwa nsomba zam'madzi mu chilengedwe. Nsomba zidakhala m'dera lamadzi pafupifupi nyanja zonse, anthu ake amapezeka ku Atlantic, Mediterranean ndi nyanja zina zambiri. Komanso, zovuta zimalumikizidwa ndikuti nthawi zina zimakhala zovuta kuyang'ana kuyanjana kwa mitundu, zomwe zimayambitsa mavuto ngakhale kuyerekezera kopitilira muyeso kwa nkhokwe. Ziwombankhanga masauzande zimangotilola kunena mosapita m'mbali kuti kuwonongedwa sikuopseza garfish. Malinga ndi zidziwitso zaboma, nsomba zamtunduwu ndi amodzi mwa mitundu "yomwe imayambitsa nkhawa kwambiri."

Nthawi zina zimakhala zotheka kudziwa kuti nsomba za garfish zawonjezeka kwambiri m'zaka zaposachedwa, ndipo izi zitha kubweretsa kuchepa kwa chiwerengero chake. M'malo mwake, kutchuka sikwabwino kwambiri polankhula za kugwidwa kwakukulu. Garfish, ngakhale imadyedwa ngati chakudya, sikugwira ntchito kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, anthu ambiri amakana kudya nsomba zamtunduwu chifukwa chake, sitinganene kuti nsomba zam'madzi zimakonda kusodza kwambiri.

Mbedza za ku Black Sea zimagwidwa kwambiri. Koma mulimonsemo, izi sizikulankhula kwambiri mwanjira zodzitetezera. Chiwerengerochi chikuyembekezeredwa zikwi zambiri, ndipo zochitika zachilengedwe zimathandizira kubereka mwachangu. Mwa njira, njira yadziko lonse yosinthira nyengo ndi madzi am'nyanja makamaka ikuthandizira kuwonjezeka kwa nkhokwe, popeza madzi ofunda ndi malo abwino kwambiri nsomba.

Garfish - nsomba zotchuka pakati pa asodzi, omwe samangokhala ndi nyama yokoma, komanso mawonekedwe owoneka bwino, omwe amawasiyanitsa ndi nthumwi zina zamtundu wofanana. Ndikulimbana ndi maziko awa kuti chiwerengero cha anthu chatsika pang'ono, zomwe zimatsogolera pakufunika kokuchitapo kanthu kuti tisunge zolengedwa. Makamaka, olimbikitsa nsomba ambiri amalimbikitsa kuchepetsa usodzi, makamaka panthawi yopanga msuzi.

5.4 Ndi zovuta ziti zomwe mungagwiritse ntchito posodza

Mukamedza nsomba zamatchera, kuthana ndi kuponya kwakanthawi nthawi zambiri kumakhala komwe amakonda.

Njira 1 "Pa supuni"
Kulipirira utali wa mita 3:

• liwiro lamkati lamkati lalitali (lokhala ndi geti yoposa isanu mpaka umodzi),
• maulendo obiriwira, opapatiza, olemera amtundu wowala - kukula kuchokera 7 mpaka 9 cm ndi masentimita 16 mpaka 26 g (mwachitsanzo, Kingtrout, Filur, Trumf),
• zokopa zomangira kudzera wophatikiza ndi chingwe chowzungulira (popanda kuthinana), kupatula kutaya kwa mzere wa usodzi,
• Chingwe cha nsomba ya monofilament - 0,2 mm, (chimathandizira kuthamanga kwa sipinachi) kapena chingwe choluka,
• Tcheti ya spinner imalumikizidwa pogwiritsa ntchito mphete 3 - 5 kapena kuyika chingwe chachitsulo mpaka 5 cm. Kutambasulira ndikumapukutira tambulayo kuti mumvetsetse “mulomo” wa nsomba ndi mbedza.

Kodi mukudziwa chilichonse chokhudza kuchuluka kwa asodzi achimuna ndi ma carbine? Kenako werengani nkhaniyi apa

Apa mutha kupeza mitengo yotsika mtengo kwambiri, koma yodalirika komanso ma carbine okhala ndi aliexpress pamtengo wokongola kwambiri! - apa

Ndani sakudziwa panobe. Mutha kubwerera mpaka 15% pamtengo wogula pa aliexpress. Kuphatikiza pa aliexpress, kuthekera kobwezera ndalama (kubwerera kwa gawo la ndalama) kumagwiranso ntchito m'masitolo ena ena ambiri pa intaneti. Nawa kufotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane kwa ntchitoyi ndi zonse momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito nayo. Imagwira ntchito ndipo imathandiza kusunga ndalama zabwino. Tsamba la kubwezera ndalama nthawi zambiri limakhala ndi zotsatsa zomwe zimakupatsani mwayi wogula zinthu pamtengo wotsika mpaka 90%.

Njira 2 "Kuyandama"
Kulipira mpaka 4 m:

• Kulipiritsa Reel
• yoyandama (20 - 40 cm) yokhala ndi nsonga yowala yokhala ndi katundu mpaka 5 g,
• chingwe chopanda utoto (chowonekera) chokhala ndi mainchesi mpaka 0,25 mm,
• leash (0,12 - 015 mm) ndi kutalika kwa 0,5 m
• mbedza yofiyira (No. 2,5 - 5),

Njira 3 “Kuuluka popanda kuwedza”

• mpira wamiyendo yaying'ono (wokhala ndi nandolo) umalumikizidwa kumapeto kwa mzere,
• burashi imapangidwa, mfundo zopota za silika wazitali mpaka 15 cm zimakulungidwa kumapeto.

Zidutsazo zimakulungidwa pakati, malupu amapangidwa ndikuyika chingwe chodziwombera pamwamba pa khokho, chilichonse chimakhala chowongoka ndikukhazikika ndi ulusi. Gulugufe akagwira nyamboyo, timinofu totere timagwira m'mano ake, ndipo sadzatha kutuluka.

• nthawi yosodza - m'mawa kwambiri,
• kutalika kwakutali
• poyendetsa madzi mwachangu
• Kubweretsa gombelo molimba ndi ndodo yonyamula kuti ikatulutse m'madzi,

Njira 4 “Kugwira pamtengo ndi mbedza”
Kupotokola kwamanja:

• Kulipiritsa Reel
• chingwe cha nsomba 025 mamilimita,
• sinki yolemera 10-15 g imalumikizidwa mbali imodzi, mphete ya fakitale yokhala ndi carbine ndi swivel mbali inayo
• kutalika kwa 10 - 15 masentimita kuchokera pa mphete, kulumikizana kutalika kwa 3-4 masentimita ndi mainchesi 0,2 mm ndi kachingwe kakang'ono kamalumikizidwa,
• Pambuyo 10 masentimita, leash yokhala ndi spinner yoyera yoyera imalumikizidwa,
• ndiye kutulutsa ndi tulo kachiwiri.

• kuluka kumachitika pamadzi,
• Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito pamakhala ndi chikaso.

Njira 5 “Kulanda Mtengo wa Khrisimasi”

• pa leather - 4 kapena 5 cm, kukonza 2 - 3 oscillating baubles kapena mormyshki ndi mbedza ziwiri,
• siliva.

• nyambo zosaposa 3 cm,
• kudumphadumpha pamtunda wa 20 - 25 cm
• kutseka sipinachi yopapatiza - 100 - 110 cm
• lembani nyambo zasiliva

Njira 6 “Kusodza”
Carbon fiber gear mpaka 8 m kutalika:

• Spinning kapena Baitcasting Reel,
• nsomba yopendekera ndi mulifupi wa 0.18 mm,
• chimango chachikulu ndi tinyanga yayitali,
• chowala (maolivi) chopangidwa ndi polystyrene chimamangiriridwa ndikuyandamitsa,
• kulemera kochepa - pellet imamangirizidwa kumapeto kwa chingwe chodziwombera komwe (m'chiuno mulifupi) kupindika (kutalika kwa mamilimita 0.15), kutalika kwa 25-30 cm,
• mbedza No. 4 - 6 (kutalika kwakutali).

Werengani za momwe mungasankhire chopondera choyenera pakupota nsomba - apa

• kuyandama kumasulidwa ku akuya 1 - 1.5 m,
• mutha kugwiritsa ntchito choyandama ndi cholembera chokhazikika,
• ndikotheka kumangoyandama kumapeto kwa chingwe chodziwombera ndikudumphira pamtunda wa 1 mita kuchokera pamenepo.

Njira 8 “Kulanda Bombard”
Kulipira mpaka 4 m ndi mtanda 10 - 40 g:

• Kulipiritsa Reel
• mzere wowedza wa monofilament (0.32 - 0.35 mm) kapena chingwe choluka 0,15 - 0.20 mm,
• kulumikizana. 6.7 (chopendekera kumbali ndi mkono wautali),
• ikani mtsogoleri wazomangitsa pamzere wapausodzi, kuti akonze bomba la 10-40 g,
• Pambuyo pama bomba atapanda mkanda ndi kumangirira pachimake,
• Tadumphani 2 m kupita kumalire a usodzi kudzera pa swivel.

• okhala ndi zoponya zazitali zosiyana, kutengera nyengo ndi nyengo,
• gwiritsani chingwe chopyapyala chokhala ndi mainchesi a 0.1 mm,
• choyambirira muyenera kuthana ndi vuto popanda kubayidwa, kokha ndi bomba,
• muyenera kupukuta chingwe chansomba, chifukwa choponyacho chimapangidwa popanda nyambo,
• mukasodza, losesani pang'onopang'ono ndi matalikidwe akulu,
• mukamagwiritsa ntchito chingwe, kulumikizana kumachitika ndi dzanja lokha.

Werengani chigawocho pa njira zomwe zilipo: mitundu, mawonekedwe, makanema ndi ma chart otaya - apa

Kanema watchuka wamomwe angagwire nsomba zam'madzi - gawo 1

5.6 Kodi zovala ndi nyambo ziti zomwe chovalacho chimakhazikika

Nyama zapakhomo

Malangizo abzale

Zipangizo zopanga
Ma Spinners:

• oscillating (kukula 2, 3, kulemera 10 - 20 g, utoto patsiku ladzuwa - siliva, patsiku lamitambo - kutsogolera kwamdima,
• ndi ndondomeko ya holographic (yayitali ndi yolemera mpaka 25 g),
• oscillating okonzekereranso (okhala ndi mphete zazikulu ndi ziwiri zolumikizira),
• ndi burashi ya silika.

Zina:

Chilichonse chomwe simumadziwa za nyambo za silicone: mitundu yawo, mawonekedwe ndi zinsinsi - apa

• kudula nkhuku ndi filimu yopota (4 cm), filimuyo imapereka mphamvu ikatulutsa,
• nsomba (sardines) zomwe zimadulanso pakhungu,
• nyama ya shrimp ndiyokhalitsa
• kusunga nereis mumtsuko wa nyongolotsi, kutsanulira vodka, kutseka chivindikiro ndi malo mufiriji. Sungani nthawi yopanda malire.

5.7 Momwe mungalume nsomba

Nsomba yamphamvu, imakonda kumenyera. Kuluma motsimikizika: amamwetsa chakudyacho, kumeza nyamboyo mwadzidzidzi ndikuikingira m'madzi. Osathamangira kukakola kuti mbedza isamire. Komabe, ndi usodzi wogwira - muyenera kulumphira mwachangu. Pambuyo pokoka, mbedza imayamba kukoka. Mukamamenya nkhondo, pamakhala nkhondo pamadzi. Pofika kumtunda, motsutsana mwamphamvu.

5.8 Kugwira nsomba zam'madzi? - Njira zoyambira

• ndikuluma kwaulesi, kudula kumayesedwa kwa masekondi angapo, kuteteza nyambo kuti isapite pansi.
• m'madzi osaya, kuponya ndi kutalika kumakhala ntchito (kuwedza ndikulowa m'madzi),
• kusodza m'malo a miyala ndi kowopsa chifukwa miyala ili ndi malo oterera. Kuti muchite izi, ndikwabwino kugwira madzi. Khola lakhazikika pa lamba,
• kuti ukonde wobwera usasokoneze mkati mwa njirayi, ndi bwino kuusungira kumbuyo kwanu.
• mukusodza ndi mchenga pansi, khola silofunikira. Gombe ili limakulolani kuti mugwire nsomba ndi dzanja lanu ndikuchotsa mu mbedza,
• pangani zida zopizira, kuyambira m'mphepete mwa nyanja, kenako masentimita m'malo omwe nsomba zimasonkhana,
• kuthamanga kwa waya kumathamanga, kulola sipiniko kutuluka m'madzi,
• nyama yolusa ikadulidwa, mawaya sayenera kuimitsidwa, chifukwa nkotheka kutsatira gulu lankhondo
• posakhala kuluma, sinthani spinner kukhala mtundu wina.

6. Zosangalatsa, zachilendo, zoseketsa za nsomba

Njira yosangalatsa yosambira ndikutsata thupi lanu losasintha. Idumphira m'madzi kwambiri. Amayandama kwambiri.

Pofunafuna nyama kapena zoopsa (zamantha) amatha kudumpha mopingasa m'njira. Anthu akuluakulu amatha kuyambitsa kuwonongeka kwa asodzi pamabwato kwakanthawi.

Mitundu yobiriwira ya mafupa imayamba chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa biliverdin (utoto wobiriwira wa bile) mthupi, womwe umakhala wowopsa kwa ma gourmet ena. Nsomba ndizabwino kudya.