Agologolo oyenda momasuka komanso achidwi amakhala mosatekeseka ndi munthu, ngakhale ambiri a ife timawona mu nyama yokongola iyi yomwe ili ndi chingwe cha nkhuni ndi mchira wake wankhanira.
Sizokayikitsa kuti ku Britain kudzakhala wokhala mumzinda kapena wokhala m'mudzimo yemwe sangaone gologolo kamodzi pa moyo wake. Zakuti gologolo wamvi, m'malo mwa gologolo wakomweko komweko nthawi zambiri amabwera pamaso pa anthu, zimawonetsa kukopa kwa mlendo wakunja.
Zomangira zabanja
Agologolo otuwa m'mitengoyi ndi amodzi mwa mitundu yopitilira 260 yomwe imaphatikiza makoswe monga marmots, agalu oyendayenda, ma chipmunks ndi agologolo akuuluka. Poyamba, idapezeka kum'mawa kwa North America kuchokera kugombe la Great Lakes kupita ku Florida, koma pambuyo pake idapita kumayiko akumadzulo a USA, Ireland, Great Britain ndi South Africa. Kungoyambira nthawi imeneyi, akhala akukhala kulikonse ndipo ku Britain wakhala akuwonjezera mzukulu wake wokhala ndi mutu wofiyira.
Gulu lachi Ngerezi squirrel ("gologolo") amachokera ku mawu awiri achi Greek: skia - "mchira" ndi oura - "mthunzi". M'malo mwake, ndizovuta kupeza dzina labwino la nyama yanyama, kupezeka kwake komwe kumatha kuwonekera kokha mwa mthunzi wosazungulira wa mchira wokongola.
Moyo wamtengo
Agologolo agalu, wamba ndi nkhandwe amakhala pafupifupi amoyo wawo wonse m'mitengo, akulumpha mwachangu kuchoka ku nthambi kupita ku nthambi ndikuthamangitsa mitengo yopingasa. Miyendo yakutsogolo ndiying'ono, koma miyendo yakumbuyo ndiyitali komanso yopanda minofu. Wokhala ndi zikhadabo zakuthwa, zala zazitali zimapeza china chilichonse chodzikakamira ngakhale pamtengo wokongola kwambiri.
Mchira wautali wopendekera umakhala ngati balonda wa gologolo ndi mtundu wapanjira pomwe ukudumpha, ndipo masomphenya akuthwa amakupatsani mwayi wowunika mtunda. Kudumpha kwa mamita opitilira sikisi ndi chinthu chofala kwambiri, ngakhale kutalika kwa nyamayo payokha sikupita 20-30 cm (kuphatikiza mchira wa kutalika kofanana).
Chovala chakuda cha imvi komanso chokhala ndi maonekedwe ofiira komanso chokhala ndi thovu loyera chimathandizira gologolo kudzipatula kwa adani, komabe, nyamayo ili ndi adani ochepa achilengedwe, popeza kulibe nyama zazikuluzonse mkati mwake momwe, mopitilira, sizingakhale pachiwopsezo chithamangitsa kuwala kochepa ngati tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono nthambi.
Nyumba ndi malo ozungulira
Chidutswa choyambira cha agologolo ndi nkhalango zowoneka bwino komanso zotentha za malo otentha, komanso nkhokwe zotseguka, mapaki ndi minda. Nyama zolimba mtima kwambiri zimakhala m'mizinda yayikulu - ngakhale m'misewu ndi m'mabwalo amitundu yambiri monga London ndi New York, nthawi zambiri munthu amatha kuwona agologolo akungothamangira nthambi za mitengo.
Pokhala ndi moyo wokonda zolaula, agologolo mopanda mantha amatsikira pansi kuti awonerere. Tsiku lonse amakhala otanganidwa kufunafuna chakudya (makamaka nthanga ndi mtedza), kutola tizilombo ndi mphutsi kuchokera kuming'alu ya khungwa ndi zikhadabo, ndipo, ngati zingafunike, zimatha kudya mbalame ndi anapiye popanda chikumbumtima. Anthu okhala m'mapaki a mumzinda samakonda kudya phokoso ndi zinyenyeswazi za mkate ndi masangweji odyedwa ndi theka.
Chisa changa ndi nyumba yanga yachifumu
Pambuyo pogwira ntchito tsiku lonse pantchito ndi nkhawa, gologoloyo amagona chisa chokhazikika pamtengo. Chotsekeramo chisa cha nthambi zokhala ndi khomo lolowera (gayno) cha mapuloteni nthawi zambiri chimayikidwa mu mphanda munthambi, ndipo ndibwinonso - m'maenje, makamaka munthawi yakubereka. Agologolo sateteza masamba awo kwa alendo, koma samakondera oyandikana nawo. Ngakhale abambo ndi akazi amakhala okhaokha, ndipo wamwamuna m'modzi amatha kugwirana ndi akazi angapo nthawi yayitali, maanja nthawi zina amadyera limodzi ndikugona mchisa chimodzi.
Nthawi yakukhwima kwa agologolo amvi imachitika kawiri pachaka - kasupe ndi yophukira. Pakadali pano, abambo amayamba maulendo ataliatali kukafuna chibwenzi, koma amabwerera atachira. Pakadutsa milungu isanu ndi umodzi, yaikazi imayala chisa chake ndi udzu wofewa, nthenga ndi moss wowuma.
Chifukwa cha nthawi yochepa ya bere, agologolo (nthawi zambiri 3-4) amabadwa opanda mphamvu komanso amadalira amayi awo kwa masabata 6. Kufikira miyezi iwiri, amayi amawadyetsa mkaka, ndipo nthawi imeneyi amayamba kuwona ndikukula zovala za "akulu". Pakupita milungu isanu ndi iwiri, ana ake amachoka pachisa ndikuyamba kudziwa luso la kupeza chakudya.
Zinsinsi Zopambana
Munjira ya moyo ndi machitidwe aukwati, zambiri zimagwirizana ndi gologolo wamba ndi msuweni wake wa imvi, koma kuyandikana ndi munthu kumakhala kovuta chifukwa cha zomwe zidalipo kale. Pakadali pano, agologolo odabwitsa amtunduwu amatha kuzolowera moyo wamatauni ku Britain Isles, ndipo popanda adani achilengedwe, apitilira kuchuluka kwa katundu wawo wofiira. Koma ku kontinenti ya Europe kuyambira ku Scandinavia kupita ku China lokha, agologolo wamba amakhalabe ngati nkhalango zambiri, komwe agologolo amadzimadzi sanafike.
Agologolo wamba ndiocheperako pang'ono kuposa msuwani wake wa imvi, atavala malaya ofiira owoneka bwino ndipo ali ndimakutu m'makutu mwake.
Zizindikiro zakunja za gologolo wamkazi wa imvi
Gologolo wamkazi wa imvi amakhala ndi kukula kuchokera pa 38 mpaka 52,5 cm. Mchirawo ndi wautali wa 15 mpaka 25. The auricles amachokera ku 2,5 mpaka 3,3 cm.
Gologolo grey wa grey (Sciurus carolinensis).
Agologolo achimvi ndi akulu kuposa agologolo wamba ofiira, nthawi zambiri pafupifupi mainchesi 10 ndipo amakhala ndi mchira wawukulu mainchesi 8 mainchesi.
M'nyengo yozizira, agogo a Caroline agologolo amakhala owonda, ndipo ubweya umakhala wautali.
Tsitsi kumapeto kwake limakhala lofiirira, lachiwisi, ngakhale lalanje.
Kugawa kwa gologolo wa grey Carolina.
Caroline imvi gologolo amagawidwa kummawa kwa North America. Imapezeka kumadzulo kwa Mtsinje wa Mississippi. Kumakhala kumpoto kwa Canada. Yesetsani bwino ku Ireland, Scotland, England, Italy, kwinaku akugwira gologolo wamba.
Caroline Gray squirrel Habitats
Gologolo wagaline imvi amapezeka mumtundu wosakanikirana - nkhalango zowerengeka, pomwe mitengo ya spruce ndi pine imakulitsidwa ndi mitengo komanso mitengo yambiri. Amakonza malo a nkhalango omwe ali ndi malo osachepera 40 mahekitala.
Kugwa kumawoneka m'minda yomwe ili pafupi ndi nkhalango m'minda.
Kubwezeretsanso kwa gologolo wa imvi wa Caroline
Agogo a squirrel amaberekera mu Disembala - Febere, kumpoto kwa mtunduwo pang'ono pambuyo pake - mu Meyi-Juni. Mwina kuoneka kwachiwiri kwa ana mu Julayi. Asanayambe kukhwima, anyani amphongo amtunduwu amakhala ndi akazi kwa masiku asanu, ndipo amayenda mtunda wa mita 500. Makoko amakongoletsa chisa - guyo mu mawonekedwe a mpira wopangidwa ndi nthambi ndi nthambi zamkati ndi masamba. Ming'oma imakhala ndi udzu, moss ndi udzu wouma.
M'chilimwe, chisa chimakhala pa nthambi, ndipo nthawi yozizira agologolo amabisala m'maenje.
Yaikazi imanyamula ana masiku 44. Belchata amawoneka amaliseche, amangodziwa vibrissae. Kulemera kwa zatsopano ndi 13-18 magalamu. Kudyetsa mkaka kumatenga masabata 7-10. Kenako molt woyamba amapezeka mu agologolo, ndipo ubweya umapeza mtundu wa chinyama chachikulire. Pazaka zosakwana chaka, amalemera ngati agologolo akuluakulu. Mu ana, nthawi zambiri ana a 2-4, osawerengeka 8.
Caroline squirrel amakhala kum'mawa kwa North America.
Belchata amachoka chisa ali ndi miyezi 3. Akazi achichepere amatha kubereka ana ali ndi miyezi 5.5, koma nthawi zambiri, azaka zopitilira chaka chimodzi. Amuna amakhala okhwima mwakugonana, amafika miyezi 11, koma ngati agologolo amadya limodzi ndi bambo wamkulu, kutha msana kumadza pambuyo pake - wazaka ziwiri.
06.12.2019
Mapuloteni aimvi, kapena mapuloteni a Caroline (lat. Sciurus carolinensis) ndi am'banja la gologolo (Sciuridae). Kuyambira kale, nyama yake idadyedwa ndi Amwenye aku North America. Pambuyo pake, alenje amaso akuda adayamba kumukonda. Ku UK, nthawi zina amagulitsidwa m'masupikisano akuluakulu ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chiphaso m'malesitilanti am'deralo.
Kunja kwa Foggy Albion, nyama ya agologolo ya Caroline siyotchuka kwambiri pakati pa azungu aku Europe. Madokotala amalimbikitsa kuti asalawe kulawa m'maso mwake chifukwa choopsa chotenga matenda a Creutzfeldt-Jakob, omwe amadziwika kuti ndi amisala am ng'ombe.
Ku USA, makoko awa adatchuka pa nkhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse. Mwamuna wotchedwa Tommy Tucker atavala chachikazi adayang'ana dzikolo ndikuwonetsa zanzeru zosiyanasiyana. Anatenga nawo mbali pazinthu zachifundo ndikulimbikitsa anthu aku America kuti agule ngongole zankhondo. Club Tommy Tucker, yomwe idalimbikitsa kulemekeza zinyama, idagwira mamembala oposa 30,000.
Ngwazi ya furry idabadwa mu 1942 pafupi ndi Washington, pomwe idachita ngozi mwangozi. Adadzakwatirana ndi banja la a Bullis, natuluka ndikuleredwa m'miyambo yabwino koposa yosonyeza kukonda dziko lako. Adamwalira ndi vuto la mtima ali ndi zaka 7, akuyenda mgululi ndi ambuye ake kumwera chakumadzulo kwa dzikolo.
Mtunduwu udafotokozedwa koyamba mu 1788 ndi katswiri wazachilengedwe waku Germany a Johann Friedrich Gmelin.
Zomwe zimachitika pa gologolo wa imvi ya Caroline
Krolinskaya imvi gologolo ndi makoswe wogwira ntchito omwe amadya tsiku lonse. Pakukhala anthu asanu ndi limodzi amafunikira hekitala imodzi ya nkhalango.
M'zaka zachonde, nyama zimapanga magulu akuluakulu omwe amayenda maulendo ataliatali ndikuwoloka zopinga zamadzi.
Sizokayikitsa kuti pali chifukwa chomwe chitha kuyimitsa kusamukira uku kukafuna malo omwe angakhale ndi chakudya.
Agologolo amtundu wagaline amatha kudutsa mitsinje yambiri. Pakutero, amakweza mchira wawo wokongola kwambiri kuti usanyowe, ndikuyenda. Nyama zikuluzikulu zimasamukira ndikakhala kusowa kwa chakudya, pamoto wamitengo, komanso pakumveka makoswe. Nthawi zambiri mchitidwewu umangokhala nthawi yachisanu.
Mu zaka zokula zamtunduwu kapena chaka chotsitsa, mapuloteni awa amasonkhana mu "gulu" lalikulu ndikusuntha kukafufuza malo oyenera.
Mapuloteni a Grey Carolina ndi oyenera ukapolo. Pali chinthu chimodzi chomwe okonda ziweto ayenera kudziwa: nyama zimaluma nthawi zambiri. Sitikulangizidwa kusunga gologolo wamtunduwu komwe anthu okalamba ndi ana ali. Ndikwabwino kusankha gologolo wachinyamata. Pakadali pano, nyama zimazolowera mwachangu ndipo zopendekera zimapangidwa mosavuta.
Kuti mapuloteni azitha kuzolowera mwachangu, muyenera kudyetsa gologolo, kupereka chakudya m'manja mwanu.
Onetsetsani kuti mukusewera ndikusangalatsa nyamayo, kukhazikitsa nthambi zouma, kufalitsa ma cones a mitengo yotentha. Chipindacho chizikhala ndi zinthu zonse zomwe zimawopseza gologolo. Kudziwana ndi mphaka kapena galu kuyenera kuchedweratu ku nthawi yomwe gologolo azolowera komanso kukhala momasuka pazinthu zatsopano.
Mukamasula gologolo kuti azitha kutuluka m'thanthi, chotsani zinthu zonse zofunika m'munda momwe nyamayo ikuwonera, apo ayi muzipeza kuti zawonongeka.
Agogo omwe ali mu ukapolo amasungabe zikhalidwe zawo ndikuwunikira gawo lawo. Nyama sizilandira nthawi zonse mawonekedwe a alendo m'nyumba. Pakadali pano, mapuloteni ndibwino kuti mubwerere ku khola. Agogo a ku Greece omwe ali ku ukapolo amakhala pafupifupi zaka 15.
Mano a squirrel ndi chida chachikulu kwambiri kuti ateteze komanso kuchotsa chakudya.
Agologolo amakhala achidwi kwambiri, nthawi zambiri amakwera mumtengo ndikuwunika zomwe zili mkati mwake.
Agologolo achikulire amapanga masewera nthawi zonse, amaluma zala zawo ndi makutu nthawi zina, koma izi zimachitika modekha.
Mapuloteni olimba kwambiri amatha kuluma ngati akuwopa kapena kukwiya. Kamodzi pa sabata, muyenera kudulira zopondera, chifukwa m'chilengedwe mumakhala kusungunuka kwachilengedwe kosuntha mukamayenda pamitengo. Paukapolo, gudumu lamatabwa limayikidwa m'khola kuti nyamayo iyende, kotero kuti zikhadabo zimatha.
Kufalitsa
Malo okhala amakhala kummawa komanso pakati pa United States komanso kumwera chakum'mawa kwa Canada. Agogo a squine adayambitsidwa ku England, Ireland, Italy ndi South Africa, komwe adayamikiridwa bwino. Anayamba kuthamangitsa agologolo wamba (a Sciurus vulgaris) ndi zovala zambiri zamanyimbo, akukhumudwitsira chilengedwe.
Mu 2016, European Commission idavomereza mwalamulo kuti asamukira kudziko lina ngati mitundu yobwera. Tsopano kubereka kwa agologolo osavomerezeka ndi kugulitsa kwawo ndikuloletsedwa pamalire a European Union.
Mu 1889, makoswe 350 omwe adachokera ku United States adamasulidwa m'chigawo cha Bedfordshire ku East Anglia. Tsopano kuchuluka kwawo kukuyerekeza anthu mamiliyoni angapo. Kuyesera konse kuchepetsa kufalikira kwake kwatha mpaka pano polephera kwathunthu.
Nyama zimakhala m'nkhalango zowirira komanso zosakanikirana. Amakhala mopanda mantha m'minda ndi m'mapaki omwe ali pafupi ndi anthu, koma pewani malo opanda malo. Nthawi zambiri, mapuloteni a Caroline amapezeka m'malo otsika. M'mapiri, amawoneka pamalo okwera mpaka 900 m pamwamba pa nyanja.
Pali mitundu isanu. Ma subspecies apamwamba ndiofala m'maboma a North ndi South Carolina.
Mtengo woyipa wa protein ya imvi mu chilengedwe
Agologolo a Grey Carolina amawononga mitengo. Makoko a kudziluma pa mitengo ikuluikulu ndikumwa madzi otsekemera kuchokera ku mitengo. Zotsatira zake, kumwa koteroko kumapangitsa kuyimitsidwa ndikufa kwa mtengowo. Makoswe owononga kwambiri ndi mapulo ndi beech.
Agologolo a Grey Carolina amawomberedwa, zisa zawo zasakazidwa, misampha yagwidwa. Koma zimaswana mwachangu kwambiri ndipo zimasinthasintha kukhala m'dera lililonse lokhala ndi mitengo yazipatso komanso yotambalala. Koma nthawi yomweyo, mapuloteni, kusunga mtedza ndi mbewu nthawi yachisanu, amathandizira kufalikira kwa mbewu muzachilengedwe. Kuwongolera mapuloteni kumafunika kuti pakhale kusiyana pakati pa kuchuluka kwa makoswe ndi mbewu.
Ngati mwapeza cholakwika, chonde sankhani gawo ndikusindikiza Ctrl + Lowani.
Khalidwe
Pulogalamu ya protein imakhala yogwira masana. Masana, adapumula, kubisala kutentha kwa masana kumalo ake obisalira. Dera lanyumba ya munthu wokhwima ndi 5-30 ha.
Nyamayi nthawi zambiri imasankha malo okhala m'nkhalango kuti ikhale pamalo ake, momwe imakhala yosavuta kubisala kwa omwe amadyera. Amanga chisa chake pamafoloko a nthambi kapena m'maenje a mitengo. Monga zida zomangira, nthambi, udzu, masamba ndi nthenga zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Chisa chimakhala ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira komanso masentimita 30-60. Amuna ndi akazi amatha kukhalamo nthawi yobzala kapena nthawi yozizira kwambiri kuti ikhale yotentha.
Nthawi zina nyama zimakhala padenga la nyumba kapena pansi pa khoma pazenera zakunja. Amakonda kutafuna zingwe zamagetsi, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimayambitsa mabwalo afupi ndi moto.
Agologolo aku Carolina amatha kukwera pansi mitengo ikulu pansi. Kupita pansi, amatembenuza miyendo yake kuti zopendekera miyendo yake yakumbuyo zikutembenukiranso ndipo zimatha kugwira khungwa la mtengo.
Makoswewa amasungira chakudya nthawi zonse, chomwe chimasungidwa m'malo ambiri obisala kunyumba kwake. Ambiri aiwo ndi osakhalitsa ndipo amapangidwa pafupi ndi chakudya chomwe chapezeka. Pakatha maola angapo kapena masiku angapo, gologoloyu amabisala kumalo ena odalirika. Amatha kubwerera kumalo obisalamo kwathunthu ngakhale atakhala miyezi iwiri.
Nyengo iliyonse, gologolo amadzimadzi amodzi amapanga malo obisalapo masauzande angapo, kukumbukira malo omwe amakhala m'malo ozungulira. Fungo, likapezeka, limachita mbali yachiwiri, makamaka ngati nthaka ndi youma kwambiri kapena yokutidwa ndi chipale chofewa.
Magologolo a Caroline samachita hibernate, kotero kupulumuka kwawo nthawi yozizira kumagwirizana kwathunthu ndi kuchuluka kwa masheya omwe amapangidwa.
Adani akuluakulu achilengedwe ndi nkhandwe (Vulpes vulpes), lynxes (Lynx lynx), mimbulu (Canis lupus) ndi kadzidzi zazikulu. Nyamazo zimchenjeza za momwe zimayendera ndi kufuula kwamasamba. Poona nyama yolusa, nthawi yomweyo amabisala pobisalira. Pamitengo, chifukwa chosuntha kwambiri, agologolo amvi amamva otetezeka.
Chakudya chopatsa thanzi
Gologolo wa ku Carolina nthawi zambiri amayang'ana zakudya pamutu wa mitengo. Amakhala wamphamvu zonse ndipo amadya chilichonse chomwe amatha kupereka. Kuphatikiza pa mtedza, ma acorn, mbewu, masamba ndi mphukira zazing'ono, nyamayo imadya agulugufe, kafadala ndi mphutsi zake. Zakudyazi zimaphatikizaponso nyama zazing'ono, achule, mazira a mbalame ndi kuphwanya anapiye.
Makoswewo amakonda kwambiri zipatso za hawthorn (Crataegus) ndi zipatso za ma chestnut a mahatchi (Aesculus).
Mukugwa, nthawi zambiri amafufuza bowa pansi panthaka, pomwe ena amasuma nthawi yachisanu. Kutengera zaka komanso jenda, amafunikira kuchokera 50 mpaka 70 g yazakudya tsiku lililonse.
Kudyetsa kumachitika m'mawa ndi madzulo.Pofuna kubwezeretsanso zinthu zomwe zimapezeka m'thupi, nyamayo imakonda kumangirira mafupa, nyanga zadyedwa kapena zipolopolo.
Kuswana
Kutha msinkhu kumachitika pazaka 8-12 miyezi. Amuna amayamba kubereka pofika kumapeto kwa chaka chachiwiri cha moyo, atapambana ufulu wopitiliza kumenya nawo nkhondo yankhondo ndi opikisana nawo.
Nthawi yakukhwima imayamba mu Januware, komanso kumwera kwa madera mu Disembala. Chifukwa cha nyengo yozizira komanso yozizira, chiyambi chake chikhoza kukhala mu February.
Nyama zimakhala ndi mitala komanso zimakhala ndi akazi angapo. Akakwatirana, anyani amphongo amphongo ndi akazi osachita chidwi ndi tsogolo la ana awo.
Mimba imatenga masiku 42 mpaka 45. Yaikazi imabereka ana 3-7 pachisa chake. Amabadwa amaliseche, agonthi komanso akhungu. Agologolo obadwa kumene amakhala ndi kulemera kwa 8-12 g. Amakutidwa ndi ubweya wofewa kumapeto kwa sabata yachiwiri, ndipo pafupifupi mwezi umodzi wazaka zimatsegula maso awo.
M'chaka choyamba cha moyo, mpaka 60% ya agologolo amakhala ozunzidwa.
Kufotokozera
Kutalika kwa thupi 23-30 cm, ndi mchira 18-25 cm.Ukututhira 400-700 g.
Ubweya wambiri wakuda umakongoletsedwa mumitundu yosiyanasiyana ya imvi kapena imvi. Mtundu wa brown umapezeka kwambiri kumutu. Khosi ndi m'mimba ndizoyera kapena zoyera.
Kummwera chakum'mawa kwa Canada, nyama zimapezeka zokhala ndi mtundu wakuda kwambiri.
Kutalika kwa makutu kumafika 30 mm. Ali ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira. Pali mano 22 mkamwa. Odulira amakula mosalekeza.
Kutalika kwa proteni ya Caroline kuthengo ndi zaka 10-12.
Zolemba Pazakudya Zamapuloteni
Agologolo ndi makoswe odabwitsa, ndipo amadyetsa zakudya zamitundu mitundu, ambiri mwa iwo ndi mbewu za conifers (spruce, paini, mkungudza waku Siberi, fir, larch). Kum'mwera kwa masanjidwewo, m'nkhalango za mitengo ya oak yomwe ili ndi kaphokoso ka hazel, amadya ma acorns ndi ma hazelnuts. Agologolo amathanso kudya bowa (mwachitsanzo, agwape truffle), masamba ndi nthambi zazing'ono zamitengo, zipatso, tubers ndi ma rhizomes, lichens, zitsamba. Ndi kulephera kwa chakudya chachikulu, gawo lomaliza la zakudya limakulirakulira. Nthawi yakukhwima, agologolo nthawi zambiri amasinthana ndi chakudya chanyama, kudya tizilombo ndi mphutsi, mazira, anapiye, agalu ang'onoang'ono. Nyengo yozizira itatha, agologolo amaterera pa mafupa a nyama zakufa.
Kwa nthawi yozizira, agologolo amasungidwa mu acorns, mtedza, ma cones, omwe amasungidwa m'maenje kapena kuyikidwa pakati pamizu, anapachikidwa pamitengo ndi bowa wouma. Agologolo nthawi zambiri amayiwalika ndi malo oterowo, ndipo nthawi yozizira amapezeka mwangozi, mmalo mwa eni, mbalame, makoswe, ndi zimbalangondo zofiirira zimadziyambiranso zokha. Nthawi yomweyo, agologolo omwewo amadya masheya omwe amapangidwa chipmunks, mtedza wa paini ndi mbewa.
Zakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku zimasiyanasiyana nyengo: kasupe, mapuloteni amadya mpaka 80 g patsiku, nthawi yozizira pafupifupi 35 g.
Guiana kapena gologolo wa ku Brazil (Sciurus aestuans)
Kutalika kwa thupi kumafika 20 cm, mchira kutalika pafupifupi 18 cm.Ukulemera ndi 180 g. Utoto ndi woderapo.
Mitunduyi ikupezeka ku South America (Argentina, Brazil, Guyana, French Guiana, Suriname ndi Venezuela). Miyoyo ya m'nkhalango ndi m'mapaki amizinda.
Allen gologolo (Sciurus alleni)
Kutalika kwa thupi la mkazi ndi pafupifupi 25 cm, mchirawo ndi wa 20 cm, kulemera kwake mpaka 500 g. Amuna amakhala ndi kutalika kwa 27 cm, mchira ndi 17 cm, kulemera kwake kumafikira 450 g.Ku nthawi yozizira, kumbuyo ndi mbali zake ndi zachikasu, zakuda ndi zakuda. Pamwamba pamutu pali mdima. Mphete zokhala ngati lalanje. Makutu ndi oduwa. Mapazi ndi oyera kapena otuwa. Tummy ndi yoyera. Matupi apamwamba ndi am'munsi amalekanitsidwa ndi chingwe chachingwe chaimvi. Mchirawo ndi wakuda pamwamba ndi imvi. Pansipa, mtundu wachikasu kapena kutuwa kwambiri. M'chilimwe, mapuloteniwo amayamba kuda. Ubweya wakumbuyo kumbuyo ndi wofewa komanso wandiweyani, mchira wake ndiwofewa.
Mitunduyi imapezeka kumpoto kwa Mexico, komwe imakhala m'nkhalango za oak ndi pine.
Gologolo wa ku Persian kapena Caucasian (Sciurus anomalus)
Kutalika kwa thupilo ndi 20-25,5 cm, mchira ndi 13-17 cm, misa ndi mulifupi 332-432 g.Makutuwo ndi afupiafupi, palibe maburashi. Chovalacho ndi chowala, chofiirira chakumtunda pamwamba, chofiirira chakumaso m'mphepete. Miderals ndi chifuwa kapena dzimbiri wowala kapena kuwala. Mchirawo ndi dzimbiri kapena dzimbiri.
Mitunduyi imapezeka ku Middle East komanso Caucasus, Transcaucasia, Asia Minor ndi Asia Minor, ku Iran, kuzilumba za Lesbos ndi Gokchead ku Nyanja ya Aegean.
Gologolo wokhala ndi golide wokhala ndi golide (Sciurus aureogaster)
Kutalika kwa chikazi ndi 26 cm, kutalika kwa mchira ndi 25 cm, kulemera kwa 500 g.Ulitali wa thupi laimuna ndi 27 cm, kutalika kwa mchira 25 cm, kulemera mpaka 500 g.
Wokhala ku Guatemala ndi Mexico, komwe amakhala pamalo okwera mpaka 3800 m, m'nkhalango, komanso m'matawuni.
Squirrel Collie (Sciurus colliaei)
Kumbuyo ndi imaso zachikasu, mbali zake ndi zotumbululuka, pamimba ndikuwala. Mchira wake ndi wakuda komanso woyera pamwamba, imvi kapena imaso zachikaso ndi zoyera pansipa.
Mtunduwu umapezeka ku Mexico, komwe umakhala m'nkhalango zotentha komanso zam'mphepete mwa Pacific.
Squirrel Depp (Sciurus deppei)
Thupi lakumwambalo limakhala lofiirira komanso lofiirira kuti limafooka kapena khungu laimvi. Matata amtundu. Mchirawo ndi wakuda ndi woyera pamwamba, dzimbiri pansi. Tummy yoyera kapena chikasu mpaka kufiyira.
Amakhala ku Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico ndi Nicaragua, m'nkhalango zobiriwira komanso zobiriwira.
Squirrel wamkaka wam'maso (Sciurus gilvigularis)
Kutalika kwa thupi mpaka 17 cm, kutalika mchira 17-18 cm.Mtundu, mitunduyi imafanana ndi agologolo aku Guiana, koma opepuka kuposa iyo. Kumbuyo kuli kofiirira, khungwi ndi lalanje. Mchira wake ndi wamamba.
Mitunduyi imapezeka ku South America, yomwe imapezeka ku Brazil, Guyana, Venezuela.
Squirrel Wofiyira-wofiira (Sciurus granatensis)
Kutalika kwa thupi masentimita 33-52, kutalika kwa mchira kutalika kwa 14-28 cm. Kumbuyo kumakhala kofiyira, koma anthu omwe ali ndi imvi, utaso wachikasu kapena wakuda bii amapezeka. Mimba ndi bere ndi loyera kuti lifiyike. Mchira wake ndi wofiira kwambiri ndi nsonga yakuda.
Mitunduyi imakhala ku Central ndi South America, m'nkhalango zotentha komanso zanyengo pamtunda wokwera mpaka 3000 m pamwamba pa nyanja.
Western Grey squirrel (Sciurus griseus)
Mawonedwe akulu kwambiri. Kutalika kwa thupi 50-60 cm, kutalika kwa mchira 24-30 cm, kulemera kuli mulifupi 520-942 g. Kumbuyo ndi siliva-imvi, tummy ndiyoyera. Makutu ndi akulu, opanda maburashi. Mchira ndi wautali. Mphete ya periocular ndi yoyera. Maso ndi achikaso.
Amakhala ku Mexico ndi ku USA, m'nkhalango za oak-coniferous komanso zosakanikirana.
Nayarit squirrel (Sciurus nayaritensis)
Kutalika kwa akazi ndi pafupifupi 28 cm, mchira 27 cm. Amuna amafika 30 cm kutalika, mchira kutalika 28 cm. Weight 750 g .. Mutu wozungulira, wamaso wakuda. Chophacho chimakhala chofewa, kumbuyo kumakhala kotuwa. Mchira wake ndiwofewa, wautali.
Amakhala kumwera chakum'mawa kwa Arizona komanso ku Mexico.
Gologolo kapena gologolo wakuda (Sciurus niger)
Kutalika kwa thupi ndi masentimita 45-70, kutalika kwa mchira kutalika 20 mpaka 20 cm. Misa ndi mulifupi wa 500-1000 g. Ubweyawu umachokera ku chikasu cha brownish mpaka chikuda chakuda. Tummy ndi yopepuka. Pali dongosolo loyera pa mchira ndi nkhope.
Mitunduyi imapezeka ku North America.
Squirrel wamba (Sciurus vulgaris) kapena Wonse
Kutalika kwa thupi ndi 20-28 cm, kutalika kwa mchira 13-19 cm, kulemera kwa 250-340 g.Mutu uzunguliridwa, maso ndi akuda, akulu. Makutu ndi aatali, okhala ndi ngayaye. Mchirawo wakhazikika. Ubweya wozizira umakhala wofewa komanso wosalala, wotentha kwam'chilimwe, ochepa, wamfupi. Mtundu wake umakhala wosiyanasiyana, amafotokozera oposa 40 omwe amafotokozedwa. M'chilimwe ndi matuwa ofiira, otuwa kapena amdima, nthawi yozizira ndi imvi ndi yakuda. Tummy ndiy yoyera kapena yopepuka.
Mitunduyi imafalikira ku Eurasia kuyambira ku Atlantic kupita ku Kamchatka, Sakhalin ndi Japan.
Yucatan squirrel (Sciurus yucatanensis)
Kutalika kwa thupi 20 cm masentimita, mchira kutalika kwa 17-19 masentimita 17. Ubweya kumbuyo kumakhala kutuwa ndi zakuda ndi zoyera. Tummy ndi mchenga kapena imvi, nthawi zina imachita imvi kapena yakuda. Mawamba amakhala a bulauni, nthawi zina amakhala akuda. Mchirawo ndi wakuda wokhala ndi masamba oyera.
Imapezeka pachilumba cha Yucatan, komanso ku Mexico, Guatemala ndi Belize, m'malo otentha komanso otentha.
Adani achilengedwe
Adani achilengedwe a squirrel ndi kadzidzi, goshawks, martens, sables. Pansi, nkhandwe ndi amphaka zimawasaka.
Koma kuchepa kwa chakudya ndi matenda kumakhudza kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwamphamvu kuposa adani. Mapuloteni nthawi zambiri amafa ndi coccidiosis, tularemia, septicemia, mphutsi, nkhupakupa ndi utitiri zimayambitsa matendawa.
Zambiri Zosangalatsa
- Kwa nthawi yozizira, agologolo amasunga mtedza, amawakwirira pansi kapena kubisala m'maenje a mitengo. "Chizolowezi" chotere cha nyama chimathandiza kuteteza nkhalango, chifukwa nthawi zambiri agologolo amaiwala za nkhokwe zawo, ndipo mitengo yatsopano imamera kuchokera pamera.
- M'maderamo, agologolo amadyetsa chakudya cha mbalame, kukumba masamba obzala, komanso kukhazikika m'makomo. M'matawuni, agologolo nthawi zambiri amawaleketsa kuti adyetse manja. Munthu akadyetsa gologolo, amabwerera kwa iye kuti adzagawenso gawo lotsatira tsiku lotsatira. Nthawi yomweyo, nyamayo imatenga chakudya chonse chomwe amupatsa, ndikubisalira zotsalira kuti zisadye.
- Mapuloteni nthawi zina amawonedwa ngati tizirombo, chifukwa amatha kuwombera chilichonse. Chifukwa chake, zimakhala zoyambitsa magetsi, chifukwa zimakuza mano pa nthambi zamitengo, koma osazisiyanitsa ndi mawaya amagetsi.
- Squirrel ndi nyama yofunikira yopanga ubweya, chinthu chogulitsa ubweya. Imachulukidwa kwambiri m'chigawo cha taiga ku Europe, ku Urals ndi Siberia.
Kugawa
Sciurus carolinensis ndi wobadwira kum'mawa ndi kumadzulo kumadzulo kwa United States, komanso kum'mwera kwa zigawo kum'mawa kwa Canada. Mapulogalamu amtundu wakum'mawa amaphatikizana ndi agologolo a nkhandwe ( Sciurus Niger ), zomwe nthawi zina amasokoneza, ngakhale chapakati pamagulu agulu la nkhandwe ndi chokulirapo pang'ono kumadzulo. Agologolo akum'mawa amapezeka kuchokera ku New Brunswick ku Manitoba, kumwera, ku East Texas ndi Florida. Kubereketsa agologolo akummawa kumapezeka ku Nova Scotia, koma ngakhale anthuwa adayambitsidwa kapena adachokera pakukulitsa zachilengedwe. Adayambitsidwanso ku Ireland, UK, Italy, South Africa, ndi Australia (komwe idawonongedwa mu 1973). Agologolo akum'mawa ku Europe ndivuto chifukwa adasuntha ena agologolo komweko. Mu 1966, gologoloyu adadziwikanso ku Vancouver Island ku Western Canada kudera la Metchosin ndipo adafalikira kuchokera pamenepo. Amawerengedwa kuti ndi achiwawa kwambiri ndikuwopseza chilengedwe komanso chilengedwe chogwirizira.
Mtundu wautali komanso wosinthika, Eastern Grey squirrel wapezekanso, ndipo ukuchita bwino m'maiko angapo kumadzulo kwa United States. Grey squirrel ndi mtundu wa N. zachilengedwe ku UK, wafalikira m'dziko lonselo ndipo wasintha kwambiri mapuloteni ofiira obadwa nawo, S. zonyansa . Ku Ireland, gologolo wofiira adasamutsidwa kumadera angapo akum'mawa, ngakhale akadali odziwika kumwera ndi kumadzulo kwa dzikolo. Zakuti kusintha koteroko kumatha kuchitika ku Italy ndi nkhani yofunika, popeza gologolo amvi amatha kufalikira kumadera ena a Europe.
Etymology
Dzina generic Sayansi ochokera ku mawu achi Greek awiri, Skia kutanthauza mthunzi ndi Ora kutanthauza mchira. Dzinali limatanthawuza gologolo atakhala mumthunzi wa mchira wake. Mitundu epithet carolinensis , amatanthauza Carolina, pomwe nyamazo zimawonedwa koyamba ndi komwe nyamayo idakalipobe. Ku United Kingdom ndi Canada, amangoti "gologolo grey". Ku US, "kum'mawa" kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kusiyanitsa mitundu ndi mapuloteni akumadzulo a sulfure ( Sciurus psea ).
Kubereka
Agologolo amadzimadzi amadzimadzi amatha kubereka kawiri pachaka, koma amayi ocheperapo komanso osazindikira zambiri amakhala ndi zinyalala kamodzi pachaka. Kutengera ndi kupezeka kwa chakudya, akazi akale komanso odziwa zambiri amatha kubereka kachiwiri m'chilimwe. M'chaka chamafuta ochulukirapo, azimayi makumi atatu ndi atatu (34%) amanyamula malita awiri, koma palibe amene angachite izi mchaka chosowa zakudya. Mibadwo yawo yamilandu ndi Disembala mpaka Meyi ndi Meyi-Juni, ngakhale izi zimadutsa pang'ono kumpoto chakumpoto. Zinyalala zoyambirira zidabadwa muFebruwari kapena Marichi, chachiwiri mu Juni kapena Julayi, ngakhale, mobwerezabwereza, mawonekedwewo amatha kupitilizidwa kapena kuchedwa kwa milungu ingapo kutengera nyengo yadzuwa, kutentha ndi kupezeka kwa chakudya. Munthawi iliyonse yoswana, pafupifupi 61 - 66% azimayi ndi achinyamata. Ngati mayi sangathe kutenga pakati kapena kutaya mwana wake pang'ono nyengo yadzizanso kapena vuto lakelo, amalowanso estrus ndikubisala nthawi ina. Masiku asanu mkazi asanalowe mu estrus, amatha kukopa amuna pafupifupi 34 kuchokera pamamita 500. Agologolo akum'mawa ali ndi mtundu wamtala, momwe amuna opikisanirana amakhala gulu lolamulira, ndipo akazi ndi amuna angapo, kutengera mtundu wokhazikitsidwa womwe udakhazikitsidwa.
Nthawi zambiri, wachinyamata mmodzi kapena anayi amabadwa mu zinyalala zilizonse, koma kukula kwakukulu kwa zinyalala ndi zisanu ndi zitatu. Nthawi ya phwando ndi masiku 44. Ma chike amuchotsa pakapita milungu 10, ngakhale ena amatha kuyamwa kutatsala milungu isanu ndi umodzi kuthengo. Amayamba kuchoka chisa patatha milungu 12; m'dzinja, ana nthawi zambiri amabadwa nthawi yozizira ndi amayi awo. Amodzi mwa zigawo zinayi zokha zomwe amakhalabe ndi moyo chaka chimodzi, amafa pafupifupi 55% chaka chamawa. Chiwerengero chaimfa chimatsika pafupifupi 30% pazaka zikubwerazi, mpaka atachuluka kwambiri ali ndi zaka eyiti.
Kawirikawiri, azimayi otuwa kummawa amatha kuyambitsa estrus kuyambira miyezi isanu ndi theka, ndipo akazi nthawi zambiri amakhala osabereka pafupifupi chaka chimodzi. Awo avareji ya zaka zoyambira yoyamba ndi zaka 1.25. Kupezeka kwa wamwamuna wachonde kumapangitsa kuti mkazi azidutsa m'mimba mwa mayi. Amuna otuwa ammawa amakhala okhwima pazochitika zaka chimodzi. Kutalika kwa kubereka kwa akazi kumawoneka ngati kwa zaka 8, zaka 12,5 zolembedwa ku North Carolina. Agologolowa amatha kukhala mu ukapolo kwa zaka 20, koma kuthengo amakhala moyo wamfupi kwambiri chifukwa cha kulosera komanso vuto la malo omwe amakhala. Pobadwa, zaka zomwe amakhala ndi moyo ndi zaka 1-2, munthu wamkulu, monga lamulo, amatha kukhala ndi zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi, ndi anthu apadera, zomwe zimamupangitsa kukhala ndi zaka 12.
Kukula ndi Ontogeneis
Agogo agogo obadwa kumene amalemera magalamu 13-18 ndipo alibe chilichonse ndi pinki, ngakhale vibrissae amapezeka pobadwa. Pakadutsa masiku 7-10 pambuyo pobadwa, khungu limayamba kuda, khungu lisanafike mwana. Zoyatsira zam'munsi zimaphulika patadutsa masiku 15 kuchokera pakubadwa, pomwe zofunikira kwambiri zimayamba kuphulika patatha milungu inayi. Macheka amatayika mkati mwa sabata 6. Maso amatseguka pakatha masiku 21-42, ndipo makutu amatseguka masabata 3-4 pambuyo pobereka. Kuletsa kuyamwa kumayambitsidwa pafupifupi masabata 7 atabereka, ndipo nthawi zambiri kumatha pa sabata la 10, kenako kutaya kwa tsitsi la ana. Kulemera kwathunthu kwa munthu wamkulu kumafika miyezi 8-9 pambuyo pobadwa.
Kulumikizana
Monga zilombo zina zambiri, kulumikizana pakati pamagulu agologolo akummawa kumaphatikizanso mawu ndi kutumiza. Kawonedwe kake kamakhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mawu, kuphatikizapo kufinya, mbewa zofananira, phokoso losakhazikika, macheza, komanso Mear Mehr Mehr. Njira zina zoyankhulirana zimaphatikizapo kudina mchira ndi manja ena, kuphatikiza mawonekedwe a nkhope. Kugwedeza mchira ndikuyimbira "cookie" kapena "quaa" kumagwiritsidwa ntchito poletsa ndi kuchenjeza agologolo ena za zilombo, komanso kulengeza ngati mdani achoka m'deralo. Chipmunks zimapanganso phokoso lofewa la COO-purr, lomwe akatswiri asayansi ya sayansi amatcha phokoso la "MUK-MUK". Izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati nyimbo yolumikizana pakati pa mayi ndi mwana wake komanso mu ukalamba, wamphongo, pomwe amadzaza mkazi pachimake.
Kugwiritsa ntchito polankhula kwamawu komanso zowoneka kwawonetsedwa kuti zimasiyana malinga ndi malo, potengera zinthu monga kuwonongeka kwa phokoso komanso kuchuluka kwa malo otseguka. Chifukwa, mwachitsanzo, anthu okhala m'mizinda yayikulu, monga lamulo, amadalira zambiri pazizindikiro zowonera, chifukwa cha malo omveka ambiri okhala ndi madera ambiri opanda zoletsa zambiri. Komabe, m'malo omwe ali ndi mitengo yambiri, ma siginolo a mawu amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri chifukwa cha phokoso lotsika komanso phokoso logontha lomwe limalepheretsa malo owonekera.
Zakudya
Agologolo ammawa am'mawa amadya zakudya zosiyanasiyana, monga makungwa a mitengo, masamba, zipatso, mitundu yambiri ya mbewu ndi ma acorn, walnuts ndi mtedza wina ngati ma hazelnuts (onani chithunzi) ndi mitundu ina ya bowa wopezeka m'nkhalango, kuphatikizapo agaric ya chilimwe bowa Yendetsani agaric )Amatha kuwononga mitengo pomuphwasitsa bark ndi kudya minofu yofewa yamamba pansi pake. Ku Europe, sycamore ( mapulo oyera L.) ndi beech ( Fagus sylvatica L.) kuvutika kwambiri. Agologolo amathanso kubzala zipatso za phwetekere, chimanga, sitiroberi zamtchire ndi mbewu zina za m'munda. Nthawi zina amadya nthangala za phwetekere ndi kutaya china chilichonse. Nthawi zina, agologolo akummawa amadyanso tizilombo, achule, makoswe ang'onoang'ono, kuphatikiza agologolo ena ndi mbalame zazing'ono, mazira ndi ana. Amapanganso mafupa, nyanga, ndi akamba am'nyanja - mwina monga gwero la michere yoperewera m'zakudya zawo.
Agologolo akum'mawa ali ndi chipiriro chokwanira bwino kuti anthu azikhala m'malo okhalamo anthu othamangitsana amadyetsa mapira, chimanga ndi mpendadzuwa. Anthu ena omwe amadyetsa ndikusamalira mbalame kuti zisangalalenso mwadala amadyetsa njere ndi mtedza kumapuloteni pazifukwa zomwezo. Komabe, ku UK, agologolo akhungu Akummawa atha kutenga gawo lina lazakudya zowonjezera kuchokera kwa odyetsa, kuletsa kufikira ndi kuchepetsa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mbalame zakutchire. Kukopa owonjezera kudya kumachulukitsa chisa cha mbalame zakumaloko, popeza agologolo akummawa amatha kudya pafupi ndi odyetsa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zisagwidwe, mazira, ndi ma passerines ang'onoang'ono.
Habitat
Kutchire, agologolo akummawa amatha kupezeka m'malo ambiri okhala nkhalango zowirira, zachilengedwe, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala mahekala 40 a malo. Nkhalango izi, monga lamulo, zimakhala ndi masamba ambiri obiriwira, zomwe zimawapatsa chakudya chokwanira komanso malo abwino okhala. Hickory oak deciduous nkhalangoyi ndi yabwino kuteteza nkhalango zachilengedwe.
Agologolo akummawa amakonda kumangira nthata zawo pam nthambi zazikulu za mitengo ndi mitengo ikuluikulu. Kuphatikiza apo, amadziwika kuti amathawira m'malo okhala mbalame zosiyidwa. Maselo nthawi zambiri amadzala ndi timbewu ta mmoss, fluff, udzu wouma ndi nthenga. Amatha kuperekanso thandizo padera pa kupatula moat omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti achepetse kutentha. Chophimba kumiyala nthawi zambiri chimapangidwa pambuyo pake.
Pafupi ndi midzi, agologolo akum'mawa amapezeka m'mapaki komanso kumbuyo kwa nyumba kumatauni ndi kumidzi yakumidzi.
Mafotokozedwe
Eastern Grey squirrel ndi N. imayambitsidwa m'malo osiyanasiyana kumadzulo kwa North America: kumadzulo kwa Canada, kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa Briteni ndi mzinda wa Calgary, Alberta, ku United States, m'maiko a Washington ndi Oregon, ndi ku California, m'mizinda ya San Francisco ndi dera la San Francisco Peninsula m'chigawo cha San Mateo ndi Santa Clara, kumwera kwa mzindawu. Chakhala mapuloteni ochulukirapo kumadera ambiri okhala kumatauni ndi kumatauni kumadzulo kwa North America, kumpoto kwa California mpaka kumwera chakumadzulo kwa Briteni. Kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 20, gologolo wadzera kummawa adayambitsidwa ku South Africa, Ireland, Hawaii, Bermuda, Madeira Islands, Azores, Canary Islands, Cape Verde, Italy ndi UK.
Ku South Africa, ngakhale ndizosowa, nthawi zambiri sizingatengedwe ngati zowononga chifukwa cha mtundu wake waufupi (zimangopezeka kudera lakumadzulo chakumadzulo kwa Western Cape, ndikupita kumpoto ku tawuni yaying'ono yaulimi ku Franschhoek) ndikukhalanso kumeneko M'matawuni ndi malo amatengera kwambiri anthu monga malo olimapo minda ndi minda yaziphalaphala zosowa. Pano, amadya kwambiri ma acorn ndi mbewu za paini, ngakhale atenga zipatso zachilengedwe komanso zamalonda. Komabe, singagwiritse ntchito zachilengedwe (Fynbos) zopezeka m'derali, zomwe zidathandiza kuchepetsa kufalitsa. Simalumikizana ndi mapuloteni onyamula chifukwa chakudzipatula (mapuloteni amtundu wachilengedwe, Paraxerus cepapi , amapezeka kokha m'malo a savannah kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa dzikolo) ndi malo osiyanasiyana.
Agologolo achikulire adayamba kudziwitsidwa ku UK mu 1870s, monga momwe zimawonjezera pamafashoni pamagawo. Afalikira mwachangu ku England, kenako nadzikhazikitsa kumadera a Wales komanso madera akumwera kwa Scotland. Pamtunda waukulu wa Great Britain, ali ndi chidwi kwambiri ndi agologolo ofiira. Kuphatikiza mapuloteni ofiira komanso otha kusunga mafuta ochulukitsa kanayi, mapuloteni amtundu amatha bwino kupirira nyengo yachisanu. Amatulutsa achichepere ndipo amatha kukhala malo okhala kwambiri. Mapuloteni amtundu amakhalanso ndi kachilombo ka squirrelpox, komwe ma protein ofiira alibe chitetezo. Gologolo yemwe ali ndi kachilomboka akabayiranso squirrelpox m'magulu ofiira ofunda, kuchepetsedwa kwake kumakhala kokwanira nthawi 17-25 kuposa kupitilizirana kokha.
Ku Ireland, kusintha kwa agologolo ofiira sikunali kwakuthamanga chifukwa kuyambitsa kamodzi kumachitika ku Longford County. Amayikidwe adayambitsidwa kuti azilamulira agologolo amtundu ku Ireland kuti azilimbikitsa agologolo ofiira. Agologolo am'mawa aku India adalowetsedwanso ku Italy, ndipo European Union idawonetsa nkhawa kuti ikabisanso gologolo wofiira uja kuchokera kumayiko ena aku Europe.
Sungani agologolo ofiira
Ku UK ndi ku Ireland, agologolo am'mawa samayendetsedwa ndi omwe amadyera masoka achilengedwe, kupatulapo pine marten wofiyira, yemwe nthawi zambiri amakhala ku England ndi Wales. Izi zidathandizira kukulira kwake kwachilengedwe ndipo zidabweretsa mitundu yomwe imayesedwa ngati tizirombo. Njira zomwe zikukonzedwa kuti muchepetse kuchuluka, kuphatikiza mapulani amodzi odziwika pa TV kuti alimbikitse lingaliro la kudya mapuloteni. M'madera omwe anthu okhala ndi agologolo ofiira amakhalanso ndi moyo, monga zilumba za Anglesey ndi Brownsey, mapulogalamu amapezeka kuti athetse agologolo oyesayesa kuti agwirizane ndi agologolo.
Ngakhale ndizovuta komanso zotsutsana, chinthu chachikulu chosunthira squirrel yakum'mawa kwa gologolo wofiira amakhulupirira kuti ndiyofunikira kwambiri, chifukwa chake, mwayi wopikisana ndi gologolo wofiira pamiyeso yonse. Agologolo akum'mawa, monga lamulo, ndi okulirapo komanso amphamvu kuposa agologolo ofiira ndipo awonetsedwa kuti ali ndi kuthekera kwakukulu kokuta mafuta nthawi yachisanu. Agologolo amatha kupikisanirana bwino kwambiri kuti apeze chakudya chochuluka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti akhale ochepa komanso osabereka kwambiri. Parapoxvirus ikhoza kukhalanso chinthu champhamvu, mapuloteni ofiira adakhudzidwa kale ndi matendawa, pomwe mapuloteni ammawa osasintha sasintha, koma akukhulupilira kuti ndiwonyamula - ngakhale momwe kachilomboka kamafalikira. Komabe, milandu ingapo ya opulumuka agologolo omwe adapulumuka adanenedwa pomwe adayamba kudwala - ngakhale kuchuluka kwawo kudakhudzidwabe. Agologolo ofiiridwawo salola kuti malo awonongeke komanso kuti azigawika, zomwe zapangitsa kuti chiwerengero chake chichepe, pomwe gologolo wamba wammawa atenga mwayi ndipo akukula.
Zofananazo zikuyenera kukhala zikuchitika pagawo la Pacific ku North America, pomwe gologolo wofiirawo waku America amakhala atadzaza maproteini akum'mawa m'mapaki ndi m'nkhalango kudera lonse.
Zosadabwitsa kuti, "mantha" amtsogolo agologolo wakum'mawa adayamba mu 2008, pomwe zosintha za mawonekedwe (akuda) zidayamba kufalikira kudzera mwa anthu akumwera kwa Great Britain. Ku UK, ngati "gologolo wa imvi" (grey squirrel) atakodwa mu 1981 Wildlife and Countryside Act, sizovomerezeka kuti zimasulidwe kapena kuloledwa kupita kuthengo, m'malo mwake, ziyenera kuwonongedwa.
Mbiri yakale ya gologolo wakuimvi
Mitundu 20 yosiyanasiyana ya zinyama za Pleistocene fa S. carolinensis , yomwe imapezeka ku Florida ndipo idadziwika kuti ili kumapeto kwa nthawi ya Irvingtonia. Kukula kwa thupi kumawoneka kuti kwachulukira kuyambira pachiyambi mpaka ku Middle Holocene, kenako kutsikira kufikira kukula komwe kukuwoneka lero.
Agologolo amtundu wakale adadyedwa ndi Amereka Achimereka ndipo nyama yawo idakali yotchuka ndi osaka kumadera ake ambiri ku North America. Masiku ano, ikupezeka kuti anthu azigwiritsa ntchito ndipo nthawi zina amagulitsidwa ku United Kingdom. Komabe, madokotala ku United States amachenjeza kuti mapuloteni aubongo sayenera kudyedwa, chifukwa choopsa kuti mwina atha kudwala matenda a Creutzfeldt-Jakob.