Algae algae amakhala m'gulu la ma Diatoms kapena ma Diatoms. Ngakhale pagulu la Diatoms pali mtundu wa "Al Al brown", ndizomera zam'madzi zokha zomwe zimaphatikizidwa (mwachitsanzo, kanjedza lamadzi, kelp - sea kale) Ndipo pokhudzana ndi alarium algae, bulauni ndi mtundu chabe. Amadziwikanso kuti bulauni, ofiira kapena achikaso.
Khalidwe la Diatom limadziwika kuti ndi mwayi wokhoza kuyamwa ndi kukonza chilichonse chamoyo. Chifukwa chake, bulauni lofiirira lomwe limayamba kupezeka m'madzi. Nthawi zambiri, chifukwa chachikulu chowonekera cha Diatoms ndichophatikizira cha ammonia kapena nitrogenous mankhwala m'madzi omwe amavulaza anthu okhala pansi pa madzi.
Brown algae ndi vuto lomwe akatswiri ambiri am'madzi akumana nalo, osati oyamba kumene. Kapangidwe ka diatoms mu aquarium kukuwonetsa kuti kuphwanya kwa chilengedwe cha posungira ndi anthu okhala pansi pamadzi.
Utoto wofiirira umawonekera mu aquarium mwadzidzidzi ndipo umakhudza mbewu, miyala ndi makhoma. Ngati al brown bulauni mu aquarium sangathe kumenyedwa, ndiye kuti m'masiku ochepa amakhudza thanki yonse ndikumayambitsa kufa kwa masamba. Ndipo kuti muchotsere muyenera masabata angapo kapena miyezi. Chifukwa chake, ndibwino kudziwa pasadakhale za zomwe zimayambitsa ndi njira zowongolera algae wa bulauni mu aquarium.
Zifukwa za maonekedwe
Mutha kuphunzira za maonekedwe a Diatom posungira ndi chizindikiro choyamba komanso chachikulu - chovala chofiirira kapena chachikaso chopangidwa pamasamba. Zizindikiro zoyambirira ndikupanga fumbi lopepuka kapena chithaphwi m'madzi, chomwe sichimadziwika. Pachigawo choyambirira, zolembera zimatha mosavuta ndipo zimatulutsa fumbi ngati lingagwedezeke. Ngati ma Diatoms sanazindikiridwe, ndiye kuti patapita nthawi zigawozo zimakulana. Mtundu umasinthira kuchokera kukhala bulauni kukhala wakuda. Zosanjikiza zapamwamba ndizosavuta kutsuka, koma zigawo zakale ndizovuta kuzichotsa. Kuwonekera kwa galasi la aquarium kumachepetsedwa kwambiri.
Pali zifukwa zingapo zowonekera kachiwisi cha bulauni mu aquarium, ndipo samadalira chisamaliro chokha, komanso zaka za microflora ya aquarium.
Mu thanki yaying'ono, yomwe idakhazikitsidwa miyezi yochepera 3-4 yapitayi, maonekedwe a bulauni wamtundu wotchedwa aquarium ndiofala. Mu chidebe ichi, mbewu zam'madzi zidangobzalidwa kumene, sizinakhalepo ndi nthawi yozika mizu ndikuyamba kuyamwa zinthu kuchokera kumadzi. Pakadali pano, palibe chomwe chimalepheretsa ma Diatoms kuti aberekenso mwachangu.
Mu aquarium yachinyamata, nthawi yozungulira ya nayitrogeni nayonso sinakhazikitsidwe. Zinyalala zamafuta ndi nsomba zomwe zimatulutsa zimayamba kuvunda komanso kuwola mwachangu kwambiri. Malo oterewa ndiabwino kuti pakhale ma Diatoms a bulauni.
Nthawi zambiri, m'malo osungira achinyamata, acidity yamadzi imakhala yochepa, nthawi zambiri yamchere kapena madzi osalowerera. Ndi zizindikiro zotere zamadzi, zomera ndi ma tizilombo tosiyanasiyana sizitha kuyamwa mankhwala ambiri. Ngati acidity ili pamwamba pa 7pH, ndiye kuti madziwo adzakhala ndi ammonia yambiri, yomwe ma diatoms amadya. Ndipo pa acidity pansipa 7 pH, madziwo amakhala ndi ammonia wokwanira, womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi zomera zamadzi.
Ngati zofiirira zofiirira pazomera ndi khoma zikuwoneka mu malo ogwirira ntchito bwino komanso okhalitsa, ndiye chifukwa chachikulu ndikuwunjikana kwachilengedwe m'nthaka ndi madzi, zomwe zimasandulika ammonia.
Kugwira ntchito molakwika sikukutinso kumabweretsa chinsalu chakuda. Ngati fyuluta ndi yophimbidwa kapena ikapanda kukhalapo, ndiye kuti madziwo satsuka. Izi zimabweretsa kudzikundikira kwa zinthu zachilengedwe.
Kuthira manyowa nthawi zonse sikuthandiza. Feteleza ndiye gwero la ammonia lomwe algae amafunika. Ngati mupanga feteleza wambiri, ndiye kuti mbewuzo zilibe nthawi yoti zithe. Mu aquarium yaying'ono, feteleza owonjezera safunikira, kupatula potaziyamu yaying'ono.
Kutentha kochepa kwa madzi kwa madigiri 16-21 kumathandizira kukulitsa mtundu wa bulauni.
Cholinga chachikulu cha mawonekedwe a algae ndi chisamaliro chosayenera ndi kuyeretsa koperewera kwa aquarium. Ngati simusintha gawo lamadzi sabata iliyonse ndipo simusamba m'madzi sabata zochepa zilizonse, ndiye kuti zakudya zomwe zimakhala m'makoma ndi pansi, zomwe pambuyo pake zimawola.
Ngati zokutira zofiirira zitha kuwoneka pazomera, ndiye kuti chifukwa chachikulu ndi ayodini. Iodine amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda ena a nsomba. Ngati mankhwalawa adachitika mu wamba aquarium ndikubwerezedwa, ndiye kuti ayodini amadziunjikira m'madzi ndikupangitsa kuchuluka kwa Diatoms. Iodine imachepetsanso kukula kwa mbewu, ndikusokoneza mayendedwe achilengedwe.
Diatom amakhala m'malo am'madzi pogwiritsa ntchito mchere wa tebulo pochotsa nsomba ndi kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Sodium imaphatikizidwa muzakudya za Diatoms, komanso zimawathandiza kuyamwa zotsalira zina zam'madzi zomwe zimakhala m'madzi. Ndipo popeza sodium mumakhala mchere, kukhazikika kwake m'madzi kumathandizira kukulira algae komanso kusokoneza ndikuchotsa Diatoms.
Aquarium imakutidwa ndi zokutira zofiirira ngakhale ndi kusintha kwakuthwa mu boma la chisamaliro. Izi zimachitika ndikusamutsa aquarium kukhala mwiniwake watsopano. Ngakhale mwini wakale sanasamalire bwino nsomba, osasamba kawirikawiri m'madzi, ndiye kuti simungasinthe nthawi yomweyo zachilengedwe. Sinthani chisamaliro pang'onopang'ono, apo ayi, kusintha kwina komwe kumayambitsa kufalikira kwa algae.
Zaka zopitilira 150 zitapezekanso mitundu ya Diatom, mitundu yopitilira 300 idapezeka mwalamulo, yomwe inali ndi mitundu 5,000. Koma akukhulupirira kuti chiwerengero chawo, kuphatikiza panobe, ndi mitundu 10,000 mpaka 20,000. Mawonedwe onse agawidwa m'magulu awiri: ma centric ndi pennate Diatoms.
Mitundu yonseyi imagawidwa malinga ndi mawonekedwe anayi:
- mtundu
- kapangidwe ka mkati ka maselo
- kapangidwe ka zipolopolo
- kuchuluka ndi mawonekedwe a chloroplasts omwe ali.
Mitundu yodziwika kwambiri zachilengedwe ndi Navikula, Pinnularia ndi Zimbella.
Navikula
Navikula - malo opezeka ndi alicleular algae, ndi a dipatimenti ya diatom. Amapanga gawo lalikulu la plankton yam'madzi. Wolemba Ernst Haeckel.
Mtundu wamtchire ndi waukulu kwambiri, umaphatikizapo mitundu yoposa 10,000. Pansi pa maikulosikopu, khungu la Navikula limafanana ndi chowongolera chomwe chakulowera kumapeto, chifukwa chake m'Chilatini amatanthauza "Boti". Malo omwe amakhala ndi malo osungirako zinthu zakale, Navikula amakhala m'nthaka, amakhala pamiyala ndipo amapezeka m'mitsinje, nyanja ndi nyanja.
Amadyetsedwa ndi photosynthesis ya mphamvu ya dzuwa. Poyenda pamtunda, chinsinsi cha ntchofu chimasungidwa, chomwe chimathandiza kuyenda.
Amakhala otakataka masika ndi nthawi yotentha, nthawi yomweyo amakhala m'mizinda yamadzi. Mu vivo amapanga gawo lofunikira mu phukusi lazakudya.
Pinnularia
Pinnularia ndi mankhwala osangalatsa omwe amakhala pamadzi a matupi amadzi. Selo imakhala ndi ma halves awiri olumikizidwa, pakati pomwe ma nyukiliya amakhala m'bulopu ya protoplasmic. Kufalikira kwa kugawanika kwa maselo masiku asanu aliwonse, nthawi yogawa, gawo lina la cholengedwa limakhala mu selo lolekanitsidwa, ndipo lachiwiri mwa mayi. Gawo lomwe likusowa limadzimiranso patatha maola angapo.
Amagwira ntchito pakati pa silt pansi, nthawi zambiri amalowa m'mizinda yam'madzi. Ntchito zapamwamba zimawonetsedwa munthawi yachilimwe-yophukira nthawi.
Cymbella
Cymbella ndi mtundu wa mtundu wa Diatoms, wokhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Maselo amtundu wozungulira, ozungulira amafanana ndi chowongolera, chopindika. Kwambiri ntchito chilimwe. Kwa nthawi yayitali, cymbella amatha kukonza malo amodzi osasunthika. Nthawi yonse yonse amayenda pansi kufunafuna chakudya.
Gawo lalikulu la zakudya zam'madzi opezeka pansi pamadzi, omwe amadyedwa ndi nsomba, ndi cymbella.
Njira zolimbana
Muyenera kuyamba kulimbana ndi ma Diatoms pachiwonetsero choyamba cha maonekedwe awo, apo ayi, kutulutsa algae wa bulauni mu aquarium kumakhala kovuta kwambiri. Mwa njira zoyeretsera, kuyatsa, mankhwala, njira zakuthupi ndikukhalira oyera a m'madzi amadziwika kuti ndi othandiza kwambiri.
Kusungidwa bwino
Kukhazikitsidwa kolondola kwa tsikulo, kutentha ndi magawo amadzi, chakudya chamagulu chimateteza ku tizirombo. Koma ngati algae idawonekerabe, kusamalira moyenera kumathandizanso kuwachotsa. Nthawi zambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zolembedwazi zizichitika zitha kuchitika ngati madzi am'madzi samatsukidwa kapenanso chifukwa chosasinthika bwino ndikusintha kwamadzi. Chifukwa chake, tsopano sabata iliyonse yikani gawo lamadzi, pafupi 1/3 kapena 1/4 ya gawo. Ndi kuipitsidwa kwam'madzi, kusinthidwa kumakhala nthawi zambiri. Madzi azikhala oyera nthawi zonse.
Ngati m'mbuyomo ma aquarium anali ndi kutentha kochepa kwambiri kwa madigiri 18,22, onjezerani ndi madigiri angapo (malinga ngati izi sizikuvulaza nsomba). Kutentha kwa madigiri 23-24 kumakhala kokwanira.
Kudzikundikira kwa organic mambo ndi komwe kumayambitsa zolembera zofiira, kotero sinthani kudyetsa anthu okhala. Zakudya zonse ziyenera kudyedwa pasanathe mphindi 15 kumizidwa m'madzi. Ngati nsomba yasiyira gawo lina la chakudyacho, ndiye kuti idulani pang'onopang'ono, ndikuchotsa chakudya chochuluka m'madzi. Kupatula apo, tinthu tating'onoting'ono timakhala pansi, chotsekera pansi ndikuyamba kuvunda kumayamba.
Kuthamanga kwa kuipitsidwa kwa m'madzi chifukwa cha zinyalala zomwe zimadyetsa amchere kumadaliranso kuchuluka kwa ziweto. Ndi nsomba zambirimbiri, madzi amayenera kutsukidwa ndikuphiriphidwa nthawi zambiri kuposa ndi kagulu kakang'ono.
Yang'anani mtundu wa madzi apampopi. Nthawi zina imakhala ndi phosphorous yambiri, yomwe imayambitsanso mawonekedwe a plaque.
Kuwala
Zomwe zimayambitsa mawonekedwe a algae ndizowunikiranso pamadzi am'madzi, omwe amakhala motalika kwambiri kapena, Mosiyana, maola ofupika a masana. Izi zimawonjezera kuthamanga kwa mayankho ammadzi mu aquarium ndi algae ayamba kuchulukana mwachangu. Kutalika kwa nthawi yayitali m'madzi achinyamata kumakhala kowopsa kwambiri.
Kuti muchotse zolembera, chepetsani nthawi yamasana kukhala maola 6 tsiku lililonse kwa masiku atatu. Pambuyo pake, bweretsani momwe mumakhalira masana, kukulitsa kuwunikira mpaka maola 10 patsiku. Maola opitilira masana amakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino pa ukhondo wa m'madzi ndi thanzi la nsomba.
Osagwiritsa ntchito nyali zomwe zatha kapena zatha kale. Koma simungasinthe kuyatsa konse nthawi imodzi. Sinthani nyali iliyonse ndi masabata angapo, kuti anthu okhala nayo nthawi asazolowere. Kusintha kowopsa kwa kuyatsa kudzapangitsa kudumpha pakupanga zipatso za algae.
Ma nyambo omwe sanapangidwe kuti aziunikira aquarium amathanso kupangitsa kuyanika kwa bulauni pamiyala ndi mbewu. Ndi mphamvu pafupifupi 1 W / lita, ndi oyenera kuyatsa ndi kutaya.
Kukhazikika kwa dzuwa nthawi yayitali nthawi zina kumathandizanso kuti ma algae azikula kwambiri. Ndikofunika kuti kuwala kowala dzuwa kusawunikire aquarium kwa maola ochulukirapo patsiku.
Njira zamankhwala
Gwiritsani ntchito chemistry polimbana ndi algae nthawi yomaliza, pomwe njira zina sizinathandize, chifukwa kuphatikiza kwanyengo iliyonse kumavulaza nsomba ndikusintha momwe muliri mu aquarium. Poyeretsa mankhwala, kukonzekera ndi koyenera:
Mankhwalawa amayeretsa mwachangu ma aquarium, koma zomwe zimayambitsa algae sizinachotsedwe, chifukwa pakapita kanthawi amatha kubwerera.
Diatoms (bulauni) algae mu aquarium
Uthenga Wachiroma »Nov 22, 2016 11: 32 AM
Diatoms (Diatomeae), komanso ma brown Silicones (Bacillariophyta) (Phaeophyta) ndi brown ndi Quartz algae ofanana pamenepo. (Diatoms, Brown Diatom Algae, Diatom kapena Golden Algae).
Mtundu wamtunduwu umatha kukhala wacicellular kapena chikoloni. Diatoms omasuliridwa kuchokera ku Chi Greek - "Ogawidwa pakati." Selo la diatom limakhala ndi utoto wamtundu wachikasu, komanso chipolopolo cholimba cha silicon, chifukwa cha silicon oxide. Popeza ma diatoms ndiwo gawo lofunikira kwambiri lamadzi am'madzi, amapanga kotala la mitundu yonse padziko lapansi.
Kufalikira kwa mitundu yamtchireyi kumachitika mwa magawano. Chifukwa chakuti algae ali ndi chipolopolo cholimba cha silicon, sangathe kupitanso patsogolo. Mitundu ina ya ma diatomu imatha kusunthira pamwamba chifukwa chakumasulidwa kwa ntchofu.
Monga lamulo, diatoms amawoneka mu magawo oyamba kukhazikitsidwa kwa aquarium. Chingalawa chimatha kupanga pamakoma a aquarium, zokongoletsera, zida, nthaka ndi zomera za m'madzi. Diatom ndi mawonekedwe akuda a bulauni ofanana ndi mchenga. Madzi akachulukana ndi izi, amaziwoneka bwino, osati maonekedwe okongola;
Zomwe zimachitika kuti izi zitheke ziyenera kuchitika makamaka chifukwa cha kuwunika koyipa. Kapangidwe ka masamba a bulauni mumtambo wotsika kumachitika mofulumira. Kuphatikiza apo, zomwe zimakhala zowonjezereka mu aquarium ndi pH yayikulu ya pH (> 7.5) ndizolimbikitsanso zamphamvu pakuwoneka kwa diatoms. Monga lamulo, diatoms nthawi zambiri imawoneka m'madzi oyenda kumene, chifukwa cha kumasulidwa kwapamwamba kwa dothi, komanso chifukwa chakuwala kwakukulu. Kuphatikiza apo, mwala uwu umakonda kuyatsa kotsika, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti imatha kumera m'makona amdima a aquarium oyatsidwa pang'ono. Zomwe zimayambitsa bulauni wa bulauni zimatha kuwerengedwa chifukwa cha kuchepa kapena kuchuluka kwa macronutrients, komanso kusakhazikika kwawerengero a No3 / Po4 (nitrate / phosphate). Kuphatikiza apo, zomwe zimayambitsa zingakhale zapamwamba za CO2 m'mawonekedwe otsika (osaposa maola 8). Zachidziwikire, kugwiritsa ntchito mchenga wa quartz ngati dothi kungakhale chifukwa chamtundu wa bulauni.
Njira zowongolera algae wa bulauni zimaphatikizapo, choyambirira, kuchuluka kwa maola masana, kusintha kwa magetsi komwe kwatha, komanso kuchuluka kwa magetsi. Komanso, ndikofunikira kusamalira kutentha mu aquarium kosatsika ndi madigiri 24. Kuphatikiza apo, muyenera kukhala aukhondo mu aquarium, musinthe madzi pafupipafupi, siphon nthaka, kuyeretsa zosefera zomwe zimasefera ku aquarium. Kuwonjezeka kwa kuchuluka kwa CO2 kumathandizanso. Pankhondo yolimbana ndi ma diatoms, anthu okhala m'madzimo ngati SAE (alady-algae), ottotsinklusy, nkhono zingathandize bwino. Mukamakonza pamakina kuchokera ku mwala wa bulauni, zotsalira zawo ziyenera kutengedwa ndi siphon kuchokera pansi, chifukwa amatha kumasula masilaba. Njira zakuyeretsera zamankhwala zimaphatikizapo ma penicillin othandizira ndi Bitsellin - 5. Copper ndi zinc zimalimbana bwino ndi algae wa bulauni, koma kumbukirani kuti zitsulozi ndizowopsa kwa shrimps za aquarium. Komanso, mapiritsi apadera amagwira ntchito bwino - Algetten.
Kodi mwera wa bulauni ndi chiyani?
Izi ndi zinthu za khungu limodzi. Kukhalapo kwawo ndikosatheka mumdima wathunthu.
Ndiosavuta kubweretsa matenda mu nazale yanu. Zomwe zikuwoneka zitha kukhala nsomba yatsopano yogulidwa m'sitolo, zomera zokhazokha, zowonjezera ndi zinthu zina kuchokera ku aquarium ina.
Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti siziyenera kuloledwa kufalikira, chifukwa algae la bulauni limachulukana mwachangu ndipo posachedwa lidzaphimba kwathunthu chilichonse cham'madzi - kuyambira magalasi mpaka zokongoletsera ndi mbewu. Ma microworld oterowo sawoneka okongola komanso osakongoletsa bwino.
Momwe mungadziwire vuto?
Mtundu wa brown zimawoneka ngati zokutira zofiirira kapena zofiirira zomwe zimaphimba chilichonse cham'madzi. Ena amawasokoneza ndi bulauni wamchere (kelp ndi amodzi mwa iwo), koma awa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Komabe, amadetsa chidebecho, akuvulaza kuposa chabwino.
Poyamba, kuphimba kumakhala kovuta kuzindikira, chifukwa pakadali pano sikakhala ndi mtundu wowala komanso wokhazikika. Popita nthawi, imayamba kuzimiririka ndikuwoneka kwambiri.
Kuchotsa neoplasms ndikosavuta.Ndikokwanira kuyeretsa makhoma am'madzi ndi chopukutira chapadera, kupukutira masamba ndi nthambi zamasamba ndikupukuta zokongoletsera ndi nsalu yonyowa (kapena kuwatsuka m'madzi oyenda).
Ngati ma diatoms adakula pazowonjezera zonse, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yochulukirapo. Tsopano sizingatheke kuzikuta, chifukwa chosanjikiza chakale chimakhala cholimba, cholepheretsa mwayi wazomera kuti kuwala. Njira ya photosynthesis imasokonekera, ndipo masamba ayamba kufa. Kupezeka kwa algae kumakhudzanso nsomba zomwe sizimalandila michere yofunikira kuti madzi azigwira bwino. Chifukwa chake, chitsamba chamtundu wakuda chotsogola chingaopseze anthu onse amoyo wamadzi.
Momwe mungathanirane ndi algae?
Algae alande imafalikira mwachangu, kupatsira mbewu zapafupi ndi zokongoletsera. Kuphatikiza apo, zolembera za bulauni mu aquarium zimatha kukhala chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pamavuto akuluakulu - ndevu zakuda, zomwe zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kuthana nazo.
Chikwangwani cha brown mu aquarium chimatha kukhala chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pamavuto akulu - ndevu zakuda, zomwe ndizovuta kwambiri kuthana nazo.
Pofuna kuti musakumane ndi matenda, muyenera kutsatira malamulo ochepa osonyeza momwe mungachotsere:
Musamamwe mowa. Zotsalira pambuyo pa kudyetsa ziyenera kuchotsedwa ndi ukonde ngati zikuyandama pamwamba, kapena ndi siphon kuchokera pansi. Nthawi ina mukafuna kuchepetsa gawolo, osalola kuti thankiyo ifike ku malo ogwirira ntchito,
Kuwala sikuyenera kugwira ntchito kuposa maola 12. Muyenera kutetezanso thankiyo kuti isapatsidwe kuwala ndi dzuwa, zomwe zimathandizira kukula kwa algae. Nyali zakale zimafunikira m'malo mwake zina zatsopano,
Kuchulukana. Chiwerengero chambiri cha nsomba chimachulukitsa ma nitrate m'madzi kukhala oopsa. Zomera sizingathe kuthana ndi izi, ndipo madzi a bio omwe asokoneza
Mukayamba aquarium yatsopano muyenera kudikirira milungu ingapo mpaka kuzungulira kwa nayitrogeni. Pakadali pano, musabzale nsomba m'madzi ndikusintha zazikulu. Akatswiri odziwa ntchito zam'madzi amakulangizani kuti mugule mayeso apadera poyeza mulingo wa nitrate m'madzi, ndikuwunika momwe alili. Kupanda kutero, matendawa atayamba,
Pofuna kupewa chitukuko koyambirira, ndikofunikira kukhala ndi suppistrus, Siamese algae-eater, molliesia kapena locarium mu aquarium. Amathandizira kuthana ndi zoletsa zoyipa mwa kuzidya. Mutha kupezanso nkhono nerethine kapena theodoxus. Gulu la nsomba zingapo zitha kuyeretsa m'madzi m'mwezi umodzi wokha,
Kotala ya madzi iyenera kusinthidwa sabata iliyonse kuti mwatsopano.
Ngati ma diatoms awonekera kale, ndikofunikira kuti mupitilize ndi kukonza bwino chidebe. Choyamba muyenera kuyeretsa pamalo onse kuchokera ku zolengeza, kuyamba kusefa ndi kukonzanso, ndikusintha gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a madzi kamodzi pa sabata. Kukula kwa mbewu zina kumalepheretsa kukula kwa protozoa, ndipo kuzimiririka.
Asodzi a nsomba za algae amathandizira kuthana ndi vuto laumbanda. Mutha kupezanso nkhono nerethine kapena theodoxus.
Ngati ma diatoms amawonekera m'madzi "akale", tikulimbikitsidwa kuchulukitsa mpaka kawiri pa sabata. Ndikofunikanso kuyang'anira ukhondo wa nazale, kuchotsa zinyalala za chakudya ndi zinthu zotayidwa ndi nsomba, makoma oyera, mbewu ndi zowonjezera pathanthwe, ndi kufinya dothi. Masana masana ayenera kuchepetsedwa ndi theka m'masiku ochepa. Pamasabata awiri otsatira, pang'onopang'ono muwonjezere mpaka maola 10. Kulimbana ndi zolembera, ngakhale ndizosavuta, koma kumatenga nthawi yambiri. Ngakhale masamba sabata iliyonse amayenera kuchotsedwa pakatha mwezi umodzi.
Mutha kugwiritsanso ntchito chemistry yapadera yama aquariums motsutsana ndi zomera zachilengedwe. Zimasokoneza kukula kwa tizilombo tothandiza, komanso mkhalidwe wa nsomba ndi mbewu, kotero mutha kuzigwiritsa ntchito mopitilira muyeso ndikungotsatira malangizo. Njira zotchuka kwambiri ndi izi:
Tetra Algetten. Amapezeka piritsi. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito onse pakuwongolera algae komanso kupewa. Ikani piritsi limodzi pakumwa malita 10 aliwonse. Onjezani mankhwalawa kamodzi pamwezi. Patsiku la 5, kusintha kumawonekera,
Sera Algovek. Mankhwala amphamvu omwe amachotsa diatoms iliyonse. Madzi okwanira 5 ml pa malita 20 amadzi kuchotseratu zofiirira. Mapeto ake, zotsalira za zomera zomwe zimafa zimachotsedwa ndi ukonde kapena siphon. Panthawi yogwiritsira ntchito, ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti pakubwezeretsa,
Acquirer Algicides + CO2. Kugwiritsa ntchito motsutsana ndi mitundu yonse yamtchire. Zimakupatsaninso madzi okwanira CO2, omwe amakhudza bwino kukula ndi kukula kwa mbewu. 5-8 ml ml ya mankhwala owononga okha malita 50 tsiku lililonse, ndipo patatha masiku ochepa mudzazindikira kusiyana kwake. Chithandizo chimatenga masiku atatu mpaka 7, kutengera kunyalanyaza,
M'mphepete. Wothandizira wodalirika wa bactericidal yemwe amawononga nthawi yomweyo bulauni. Mlingo wotsekemera umayikidwa, kutengera momwe zinthu ziliri, gawo la matenda, mtundu wa algae ndi okhala m'madzimo. Monga lamulo, madzi a 0.1-0.2 ml / l ndi okwanira masiku 3-4 kuti muchepetse kapena kuthetseratu vutoli.
Zomwe zimachitika ndi nthawi ndi zomwe zimakuthandizani kuti muzichita bwino komanso muzisamalira. Mpaka nthawi imeneyi, muyenera kuphunzira mosamala njira zopewera komanso malamulo amomwe mungachotsere mbewu zoyipazo, ndiye kuti nzika zanu ndi okhalamo sizikumana ndi vutoli.
Kanema:
Momwe mungachotsere kachilombo ka bulauni ndi planaria mu aquarium
Khalidwe la botanical
Chikwangwani cha bulauni chikawoneka pagalasi ya thanki ya nsomba, masamba, mbewu ndi zida zokongoletsera, ndikofunikira kulimbana nayo. Kupanda kutero, nyanjayo imawoneka yowoneka bwino komanso yopanga kukongola, koma kunyansidwa.
Diatoms (Bacillariophyta) - Izi ndi mitundu yamadzi am'madzi am'madzi, yomwe imapangidwa pang'onopang'ono. Mosiyana ndi algae ena, maselo awo amakhala ndi chipolopolo cholimba chakunja monga chipolopolo chokhala ndi silica pophatikizika. Ndiwo ma microscopic kukula kwake - ma microns 0,75-1500.
Monga lamulo, diatoms kulibe mu aquariums okhala ndi zomera zenizeni, chifukwa chomaliziracho chimatha michere yonse yamadzi, ndipo palibe chilichonse choti algae zofiirira zitha kudya.
Malo omwe amakonda kwambiri kukula kwawo ndi kutukuka kwake amapezeka m'malo opanda madzi oyambitsidwa kumene, osasamba kapena owoneka bwino. Chikwangwani cha brown chimawonekeranso m'misika yanthawi yayitali yosasamalidwa bwino.
Zowonongeka ndi zomwe zimayambitsa
Zifukwa zikuluzikulu zakuwonekera pathanthwe lofiirira:
- kuunikira kowala ndi maola ofupikira masana (osakwana maola 6-8), / li]
- mitengo ya pH pamwamba 7.5,
- kutentha kwapansi pamadzi (pansi pa 22 ° C),
- matumba ambiri am'madzi,
- kuchulukana kwa madzi am'madzi,
- nsomba zochulukitsa
- kuchuluka kwa michere ndi michere,
- ayodini wambiri m'madzi,
- Fulumira ndi feteleza m'malo osungira atsopano,
- fyuluta yophimba
- Kusintha kwamadzi kwakanthawi komanso kuyeretsa nyumba zam'madzi,
- kusinthitsa nyali.
Chikwangwani cha brown sichimavulaza anthu okhala m'madzi amumadzi, komabe, zimamukhumudwitsa mwini wakeyo ndikumukwiyitsa. Kuphatikiza poti ngakhale tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta nyemba za bulauni zimapereka mawonekedwe osawoneka bwino kwa nsomba, zimapangitsanso kukula kwa algae ena osafunikira - obiriwira, ofiira, omwe amakhala vuto lothetsa.
Zikhazikika pamasamba a mbewu zamoyo, ma diatoms amasokoneza awo a photosynthesis. Zotsatira zake, algae wokongola komanso wathanzi amayamba kupweteka, kuvunda, ndi kufa. Nthawi yomweyo kufalikira kwa chinsalu chofiirira ndikutalika kwambiri - mutha kuwona momwe tsamba latsopano lomwe langoonekera limakhala lofiirira kwathunthu madzulo kapena m'mawa. Kugawika kwa mitundu yina ya ma diatomu kumachitika maola maola 4-8 aliwonse. Chifukwa chake, mbewu zam'madzi zofiirira zimabweretsa mavuto ambiri. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kudziwa njira zamomwe mungathanirane ndi diatoms mu aquarium.
Kulimbana kwachilengedwe
Njira yothandiza kwambiri yothanirana ndi oyimira bulauni a "munda wamadzi pansi" ndiwachilengedwe. Pofuna kupewa kuwonekera kwa ma diatomu ndikuwonongeka kwawo, anthu otsatirawa akhazikitsidwe mu aquarium:
- nsomba zamtundu wa otocynclus (4-5 pa 100 l), girinoheylus ndi ancistrus,
- Zakudya za alamu a Siamese,
- osoweka
- nkhono zam nyanga
- nkhono za azitona,
- shirimpi.
Akatswiri odziwa ntchito zamadzi am'madzi amaona kuti kugwiritsa ntchito "chemistry" ndikosayenera, popeza ma diatoms, mosiyana ndi mwala wina wamtopola, ndiosavuta kuchotsa. Chachikulu ndichakuti mukwaniritse mikhalidwe yoyenera ndikuwasamalira nthawi zonse. Udindo wofunikira pakuchita izi umaseweredwa ndi nyama zokhala m'madzi ndi anthu am'madzi omwe amakonda kudya izi mwala. Pafupifupi, njira yochotsa diatoms imatenga masabata 3-4.