Aquarium nsomba gourami sifunikira pakugonjera. Nsomba za Gourami zidawonekera m'madzi am'madzi kwa nthawi yayitali ndipo zidapambana m'malo mwa imodzi mwa nsomba zosangalatsa komanso zosasangalatsa.
Sizinali zotheka kubweretsa nsomba izi ku Europe nthawi yomweyo. Anagwidwa ku Thailand, ndi Vietnam, komanso kuzilumba za ku Malaysia, koma nsomba sizinayime ngakhale kwa maola 24 ndipo nthawi zonse zimafa. M'masiku amenewo, nsomba zakunja zimatengedwa m'njira yachikhalidwe - m'mbale mbiya zodzala ndi madzi.
Ndi anthu ochepa omwe amadziwa zakabadwa kwa nsomba zodzilemba, ngakhale zinali choncho mu Paris momwe Carbonier amaphunzirira ndikudziwitsa bwino macropod. Popeza kuti kulibe mpweya wakumlengalenga, gourami adapulumuka mpaka kumapeto kwa kutsitsa mbiya pa sitima. Pambuyo poyesera kosalephera, nsomba zidagawika m'mavuto, ndipo magawikidwe ake adayima kwa zaka makumi awiri.
Chithunzi cha marble gourami
A Mboni anali odabwitsidwa: munthawi yogwidwa gourami zopangidwa m'miphika ya mvula, m'matumba, m'manda omiyidwa ndi madzi oyipa kwambiri komanso amatope - kodi nsomba zidasowa chiyani poyenda? Kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 19, munthu wina waku Europe wakuthwa, wowonera nyama pamalo osungirako zachilengedwe, adazindikira kuti nsomba nthawi ndi nthawi zimakwera pamwamba pa madzi kumbuyo kwa kuwira kwa mpweya.
Pa upangiri wa wochititsa waku Indonesia, adadzaza zotengera gourami Awiri okha mwa magawo atatu a madzi ndipo sanayambe kuwasindikiza. Zotsatira zake, anthu masauzande ambiri omwe adasamukira kumayiko ena adaperekedwa kumalo omwe amapita popanda kutayika kamodzi. Kwa nthawi yoyamba, Europe idakumana ndi gourami Trichogaster trichopterus (Pallas, 1977) mu 1896.
Aquarium nsomba gourami ambiri. Posakhalitsa, kuswana kwa labourinth gourami kunatha. Nsomba zoyamba kutumizidwa, zomwe pambuyo pake zimafalitsika bwino, zinafika ku Russia mu 1912 - 1915.
Kwenikweni, lingaliro lokhazikika ndi labwino kwambiri gourami amaphatikiza nsomba zamitundu 12 zochokera kuma genera 5 osiyanasiyana (Osphronemus, Helostoma, Sphaerichtys, Trichopsis ndi Trichogaster), ndipo a genus Helostoma amagawidwa ndi ofufuza ena ku banja lodziyimira pawokha.
Kunena zowona, zenizeni gourami Chimodzi mwa izo ndi nsomba yayikulu kwambiri (mpaka 75 cm) ya Osphronemus goramy Lacepede, 1802, yomwe imadziwika kuti ndi yabwino kwambiri mwa anthu okhala ku zilumba za Sunda. Nsomba zamitundu ina ndizochepa kwambiri - kuyambira 30-centimeter kissing gourami (Helostoma temminskii) mpaka tating'ono (3-4 cm) tinthu tating'ono gourami (Trichopsis pumilus).
Odziwika kwambiri pakati pamadzi am'madzi ndi oimira gulu la Trichogaster. Pakadali pano, ma gourami omwe amawoneka ngati malo osungirako amateur ndi osowa kwenikweni; gourami wotchedwa "marble gourami" wopezeka podutsa gourami wowona wokhala ndi madzi abwino okhala pafupi. Sumatra ndi subspecies ya T. trichooterus sumatranus, yomwe ili ndi mtundu. Kusankha kwamtsogolo komwe kunaloledwa kupeza zifanizo za buluu wowala, siliva ndi zitsulo zam'mbuyo zenizeni zokhala ndi mikwaso yapamwamba komanso mawanga kumbuyo kwa thupi.
Zam'kati gourami kunyalanyaza, kuphweka kwa kukonza kwawo ndi kuswana kumawalola am'madzi ambiri kumawagwira ngati gawo lopita, mtundu wa njira panjira yopezera chidziwitso chawo. Zotsatira zake, kuchepa kwa chiwonetsero kwa iwo, makamaka poyerekeza ndi kuchuluka kwa zodabwitsa zatsopano zambiri zochokera kuzosungira padziko lonse lapansi.
Inde, nsonga za kutchuka gourami ngati nsomba ya ku aquarium yadutsa kalekale, koma mwamwayi, palibe chifukwa chokhalira ndi chidwi chopanda chiyembekezo kuchokera kwa oyamba komanso amateurs odziwa zambiri. Izi zikuwonekera ndikuwoneka kosinthika kwa mitundu yatsopano ya gourami yokhala ndi mtundu wosadziwika, komanso kupezeka kwakukulu kwa mitundu yokhazikika pamtundu wamabizinesi ogulitsa nyama.
Sungani trichogaster yosavuta komanso yosangalatsa kwambiri. Kuwona kwa nthawi yayitali nsomba zathanzi ndizosangalatsa komanso sizikhumudwitsa, zovuta zawo ndi "chikhalidwe", oganiza moipa mosadziletsa. Ngati izi ndizotheka, ndiye mwa mitundu inayi ya kupsya mtima, tanthauzo la "sanguine" ndiloyenera kwambiri ku gourami. Kuyenda, chidwi chatsopano pachilichonse chatsopano - kaya ndi mnansi m'madzi, nkhono imakwawa m'khomalo kapena chinthu chokongoletsera chomwe chayikidwa pansi - zonsezi zimawapangitsa kukhala osiyana ndi nsomba zamitundu yambiri.
Chithunzi cha Golden Gourami
M'mitundu yonse ya gourami (kupatula chelost), maimidwe akunja a zipsepse zamakisiti amasinthidwa ndikupanga mawonekedwe owoneka ngati ulusi wochepa thupi womwe umagwira ngati gawo lokhudza. Ma nsomba ophatikizika awa omwe ali ndi chidwi chosangalatsa amawunika zinthu zosadziwika. Zaka makumi angapo zapitazo, dzina la "Ambaur" la Amateur lidagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kuposa "gourami".
Nsomba ngati zowala zokwanira pamutu pake, kutentha 24 - 26 digiri C, dGH 8 - 10, PH pafupifupi 7. Madzi ndikofunikira kuti akhale atsopano, ndikofunikira kuisintha (mpaka 1/3 ya voliyumu) kamodzi pa sabata. Ngakhale kuti nsomba zimatha kupezeka ndi vuto la kuperewera kwa oxygen, iwo amakula bwino pokhapokha ngati ali ndi madzi abwino komanso osasinthika, okhala ndi zinthu zosungunuka komanso zopumira. Zizindikiro zabwino za okosijeni zachilengedwe sizimakhudza kusowa kwa nsomba kuti "mpweya" wodziimira pawokha wamlengalenga - izi ziyenera kukumbukiridwa pakusunga, komanso makamaka pakunyamula. Kuperewera kwa mpweya kumapangitsa kuti pakhale kusintha kosasintha m'matumbo a kupuma kwapadera (labyrinth), ndipo patatha maola ochepa kufa kwa nsomba kumachitika mosavomerezeka.
M'malo am'madzi okhala ndi ulusi wonyamula, ndikofunikira kuti pakhale zomera zowirira zam'madzi, koma ndi malo oyenera osambira ndi masewera. M'matanki opanda mbewu, gourami imakhala yamanyazi komanso yosiyana ndi mtundu. Kukula kwa aquarium kuti ikhale ndi awiriawiri opanga akuluakulu ayenera kukhala osachepera 100 malita.
Gourami kudya
Oimira onse amtundu wa Trichogaster ndiopatsa chidwi, kupatula, mwina kwa ngale ngale gourami T.leeri, wopezekanso pang'ono pankhani yazakudya. Ngati nsomba zina zokhala ndi labyrinth zimazolowera nyama iliyonse komanso chakudya chazomera, nthawi yomweyo zimatenga zakudya zamtundu uliwonse, ndikuzipeza ndi chilakolako chambiri komanso zochuluka. Mwachilengedwe, nsomba siziphwanyidwa chakudya, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti chakudya chizisinthasintha - tizilombo, mphutsi, zomera zamphepo, zinyalala za chakudya, nyama zapansi - monga momwe akunenera, zimangokhala mkamwa.
M'malo am'madzi, okhala ndi ulusi, kuwonjezera pa chakudya chamasamba, idyani ng'ombe, nsomba, nkhuku, mtima, chiwindi, oatmeal, mikate yoyera, tchizi chokonzedwa, tchizi chochepa mafuta, ndi zina zambiri. Mphamvu ya kuchuluka kwa nsomba imasiya kukondweretsedwa, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuti musalole kudya mopitirira muyeso, kusinkhasinkha kwa achikulire kumatha kusala kwa sabata limodzi - popanda zovuta. Ngakhale kuchepa kwakanthawi kochepa muzochitika zotere kumadziwika, komanso kukula kwa intraspecific komanso interspecific wakali.
Chithunzi chachikazi gourami
Chosangalatsa kudziwa kudzipereka kwapadera gourami ku chakudya chosafunikira chotere monga daphnia ndi gammarus. Atazindikira kununkhira kwa zabwino, nsombazo zimapatula satana, ndikukankhira oyandikana nawo, ndipo, pofika chosinthira, gwiritsani chakudya kuchokera pansi pamodzi ndi thovu lakutsogolo, zomwe zimatsogolera pakupikisana kwakukulu. Zachidziwikire, sizitsatira pamenepa kuti nsomba zimayenera kudyetsedwa ndi ma crustaceans owuma, izi zitha kuchitika nthawi ndi nthawi, ndipo pokhapokha pokhapokha kuti muwone "magwiridwe" osangalatsa.
Mwachilengedwe, mawanga ndi ma gourami amtundu wa buluu amatalika kutalika kwa 12-14 cm; m'madzi am'madzi, iwo ndi masamba ammadzi nthawi zambiri amakula osaposa masentimita 8-10. Kugonana kwamtundu wamitundu yonse kumatha kutsatiridwa momveka bwino - amuna ndi okulirapo komanso owonda, maonekedwe awo amakhala owala, komanso zipsepse - motalika. Njira yosavuta yodziwitsira kugonana ndikuchokera kumapeto kwa abambo, okulirapo komanso oponderezedwa amuna, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimachotsa zolakwika posankha opanga.
Kuswana kwa gourami
Mphete zokhwima pakugonana gourami nthawi zambiri zimakhala kumapeto kwa chaka choyamba cha moyo. Kukonzekera kwa opanga kumatula kumangochepetsedwa ku chakudya chokha chamitundu yazakudya zambiri. Mukaswana, malamulo angapo ayenera kukumbukiridwa: choyambirira, kuwotcha kumapangidwa mwamphamvu ndipo kupezeka kwa nsomba zina za mtundu wawo kapena "fuko lina" kulibe.
Kachiwiri, madzi omwe ali m'malo owerengeka kuti afalitsidwe ndi gourami (malita 50-60) ayenera kukhala ofewa kuposa a aquarium, makamaka ndi dKH, ndi madigiri 4-5. Madzi owiritsa nthawi zambiri amakhala abwino, ayenera kuthiridwa mwamphamvu kwa maola atatu mpaka anayi musanagwiritse ntchito. Eya, ndipo chachitatu - kuchuluka kwa kutentha kumakhala kovomerezeka kwa onse labyrinths mpaka 29 - 30 digiri C, izi zimachitika ngati zomwe zimapangitsa kuti nyengo yoyamba kubereka izikhala yolimbikitsa.
Chisa, kapangidwe kamwamunayo, chimakhala ndi zotumphukira za mpweya zomwe zimapangidwa pamodzi ndi chinsinsi cha tiziwalo tating'ono kuti tipewe kufalikira. Ili ndi makulidwe osagwirizana ndi mawonekedwe. Zing'ono ndi mafupa ndizoyandama komanso zokwawa pansi pamadzi. kwa nthawi yonse yofalikira, munthu ayenera kupewa kukokoloka, kusefera, komanso kusakaniza madzi mwamphamvu m'malo omwe amatulutsa. Caviar ali ndi vuto logometsa, wopatsidwa mafuta 30 - 40% mu dzira lililonse. Wotsekedwa ndi mkazi pakati penipeni pa chisa, amaphatikiza ubwamuna ndi mwamunayo, omwe pambuyo pake amapatsidwa udindo wosamalira ana.
Pambuyo pofalikira, yaikaziyo imayenera kubwezedwa ku aquarium. Yaimuna imatulutsa mazira oyera, osavomerezeka, koma pofuna kuteteza mazira ku mycosis, methylene buluu (3 mg pa lita imodzi yamadzi) imawonjezeredwa ndi madzi. Ngati mukufuna, caviar, pamodzi ndi chisa, chitha kusamutsidwa ndi ukonde wowonjezera kupita kwa chofungatira china, kupatsanso zomwezi ndi mulingo wa mankhwala opha tizilombo, koma ndibwino komanso kuvuta kuti uchisiye m'manja mwa wamphongo.
Chithunzi chachikazi chowonera gourami
Mu mabanja achonde akulu gourami pali mitundu yambiri ya caviar (mu malo a aquarium 1 - 1.5 ma PC.). Pa 28 - 30 madigiri C, mphutsi zimaswa tsiku, patatha masiku 2 - 3 zimayamba kusambira mwachangu ndipo zimakhazikika mumtambo wakuda pansi pa pakati pa chisa. Nthawi yonseyi, yamphongo imateteza ana ake mosatopa, ndikubwerera kumalo osunthika kwambiri komanso odziwa "mphekesera".
Zomwe tikuwonetsa zikuwonetsa kuti nthawi imeneyi, ngakhale usiku, ndikofunikira kusiya nyali ya incandescent ya 15 - 25 W yoyatsidwa kuwunika, kuyaka m'kuwala. Mumdima wathunthu, makamaka mwa achichepere, chibadwa cha makolo nthawi zambiri chimatha.
Pafupifupi tsiku limodzi kuti mphutsi zasintha posambira, mwamunayo amachotsedwa m'malo osunthika ndipo achichepere amadyetsedwa.
Chakudya choyambitsa chabwino kwambiri ndi "fumbi lamtchire", zikhalidwe zam'madzi zatsopano ndi maulendo obetchera: masiku atatu mpaka anayi, osatinso, mutha kudutsa ndi ma Paramionium caudatum ciliates.
Mwachangu gourami khalani msanga, koma muyenera kusinthidwa pafupipafupi komanso mosamalitsa. Pazaka za mwezi umodzi, ali ngati madontho awiri amadzi ofanana ndi makolo awo ndikutsata ndendende zizolowezi zawo.
Labu lachiberekero limayamba ku gourami patsiku la 10 mpaka 14 atabadwa ndipo amagwira ntchito mpaka kumapeto kwa moyo. M'matumba okula, munthu amatha kutsatira magawo onse a kusintha kwa mwachangu kukhala nthumwi zonse za banja lachibale.
Achichepere amakhala okongola makamaka akafika kukula ndi mawonekedwe a nthanga za maungu. Otsala okonda ena amakonda kukhazikitsa magulu am'madzi amtundu wokhala ndi gulu la ziweto (75-100 ma PC.) Mwa achichepere a kukula kotero, nthawi ndi nthawi amasinthana ndi msodzi wokhala ndi nsomba zatsopano.
Pamsika waukulu wam'madzi wokhala ndi mitundu yambiri yosiyanasiyana (makamaka yaing'ono-yamagalimoto), gulu lotere limasonkhanitsidwa kumalo osungirako (ndibwino kuwongolera pakatikati pa posungira). Mwa kusewera mosalekeza ndi kukhomphola, nsomba zazing'ono, ngati kuti zikutsatira mosamala kwambiri, zotsatizana ndi mphezi zimagwera pansi, kugundira thovu ndi kubwerera kumalo awo. Zomwe zimawoneka ngati kusangalala kwenikweni ndi zingwe zake zazifupi, ana nthawi zina amamva ndikuthana wina ndi mzake, kwinaku akukonza zaphokoso ndi maphwando.
Chithunzi cha Pearl gourami
Nsomba zazing'ono zikulumpha kwambiri, ndipo zotengera nazo ziyenera kuphimbidwa ndi chivundikiro, kwinaku zikuwonetsetsa kuti pakhale kusiyana pakati pamadzi ndi pamwamba pa madzi ndi makulidwe a 1 - 1.5 cm.
Woyimira bwino kwambiri wa mtundu Trichogaster amadziwika kuti ndi gourami wa ngale - T.leeri (Bleeker, 1852). Amphwayi ndi okongola kwambiri, popeza ali ndi m'mimba ofiira ngati magazi, kumbuyo kwa khofi komanso malo owoneka bwino pobowoleza matupi onse a zipsepse, ofanana ndi mikanda ya ngale. Akazi amapaka utoto kwambiri osati molemekeza.
Momwe zimasungidwira ndi kuswana ndizofanana ndi njira zamawangamawanga. Zowona, ngalezi ndizophatikiza kwambiri, zimatentha kutentha 26 - 28 madigiri C pansi pa zinthu wamba ndi madigiri 30 - 32 C poterera. Kutulutsa kumachitika ngati nthumwi zina zamtunduwu, koma masewera akukhwima komanso nthawi yoyikira mazira ndizodabwitsa kwambiri. Pokhala pansi pa chisa, nsombazo imapinda thupi lonse pamakona osaganizira, "kukumbatirana" ndikuwonetsa pulasitiki yamatumbo. Tsopano pakuumitsa, kenako ndikusunthasuntha ndikusuntha kowoneka bwino, amphongo amathandiza mkaziyo kuti amasuke ku mazira.
Mphutsi ndi kuwaza kwa T.leeri ndizochepa kwambiri poyerekeza ndi miyala ya gourami, ndipo milomo yawo imatseguka pang'ono, "kuukitsa" ndikukula ana ambiri ndi ntchito yovuta. Zakudya zoyambira zimangokhala Paramecium kapena "fumbi" labwino kwambiri. Mphutsi zimakula pang'onopang'ono komanso mosagwirizana kuposa oimira mitundu yomwe tafotokozazi.
Pansi pa aquarium, ngale gourami fikani 8 - 10 cm, koma ngakhale nsomba zazikuluzikulu zimakhala ndi milomo yochepa kwambiri, ndibwino kuti muzisankha chakudya chochepa komanso chapakatikati kwa iwo. T.leeri amasamalira chakudya chodziwika bwino komanso chomangika bwino kuposa abale a mabulosi owoneka bwino, koma pang'onopang'ono amathanso kuzolowera mitundu yonse ya chakudya chomwe chimapezeka m'mizinda yam'madzi.
Oimira ena amtundu Trichogaster - mwezi weniweni gourami T..microlepis ndi Tpectoralis yofiirira yofiirira sapezeka kwambiri m'mafamu amadzi am'madzi. Akuluakulu a 5 - 6 cm kuposa gourami owoneka, mtundu wachilengedwe wa "Indochinese" awa siwowonekera kwambiri. Koma potenga nawo mbali mwachindunji, mitundu yokongola kwambiri yazomera idachokera - golide, ndimu, pabuka (cosby) ndi ena ambiri. Ma hybrids osonkhanitsa sapitilira 10 cm kukula, koma ndi osakhwima komanso ochulukana monga mitundu yayikulu. Adakhala malo abwino m'malo osungirako amateur pamodzi ndi miyala ya ngale ndi miyala ya marble.
Gulani gourami
Ndikofunika kugula nsomba zam'madzi ndi gourami ndili ndi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, ndikusankha mosamala zowoneka bwino. Ngati kuswana kwambirimbiri kwakonzedwa, ndiye bwino kusankha nthawi yomweyo anthu 12 - 15 oyenda m malo ogulitsira osiyanasiyana ndikuisungitsa nkhosazo mu malita 150 - 200, kupereka malo abwino komanso kudyetsa ambiri.
Chithunzi cha marble gourami
Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti zomwe zapezedwa kumene gourami amafunikira miyambo yonse yachikhalidwe yokhayokha, apo ayi nsomba zimatha kudabwitsanso modabwitsa: Zachilendo, zathanzi, komanso zodzikongoletsa nthawi zambiri zimakhala zonyamula gulu lonse la matenda oyambitsidwa ndi bakiteriya. Akabzalidwa m'madzi okongoletsera ndi nsomba zina, kachilomboka kakang'ono kwambiri kamakhalapo.Chosangalatsa chazomwe zachitika ndikuti omwe amanyamula matendawa pawokha samakhala ndi zizindikiro zakunja zowonongeka munthawi yomwe anthu ena okhala munyengoyo adamwalira kale, ndikuwonetsa zitsanzo zam'mapazi zam'mimba zilonda, kuchepa kwa maso (exophthalmia) komanso kukula kwambiri kwa minofu. Ndipo oyambitsa tsokalo amadzidziwa nokha kusambira ndikukhala ndi zosangalatsa, mwina, nthawi zina amangokhalira kumbali yawo pazinthu zopanda pake ndipo amalephera kudya. Tsoka ilo, zochitika zoterezi ndizofala kwambiri, koma sizipadera. Zachilendo, kukoka kocheperako kwa gourami ku bacteriosis "kumalipidwa" ndi chidwi chawo chowonjezereka cha protozoa ndi flagella, mwanjira zotere, nsomba zimadwala limodzi ndi ena.
Chifukwa chake, onse okhala ndi ulusi omwe afika kumene amafunika kukhala ndi chitsimikizo chokwanira - osayang'ana mawonekedwe ena, koma osambira mwamphamvu mu mayankho "NaCl, rivanol (ethacridine lactate), malachite obiriwira okhala ndi methylene buluu, komanso maantibayotiki (biomycin, oxytetracycline). Nsomba zimayenera "kupumula" m'madzi atsopano, otetezedwa bwino; nthawi yokhala m'khola, osati kwambiri, koma kudya kosiyanasiyana.
Koma, pamapeto pake, zonse zidachitika mwachikhulupiriro, ndipo achinyamata "owoneka bwino" akulemera komanso kulimba mu dziwe lotentha lalikulu. Popeza mwakula ndikufalitsa gourami, simudzanong'oneza bondo nthawi yomwe mwataya kapena zoyeserera, chifukwa pachilichonse mudzalandira mphotho yabwino yoonerera tsiku ndi tsiku yomwe simungamasuke.
Kufotokozera
Zonyamulira za ulusi zimakhala ndi thupi lathyathyathya komanso lalitali. Mwaimuna, maini a maina ndi ma dorsal amakhala owongoka ndikuwonetsedwa, mu chikazi, ndalama ya dorsal imakhala yofupikirapo komanso yochepa kwambiri. Amuna ndi okulirapo komanso owala, chizindikilo cha thanzi lawo ndi lalitali komanso lalitali kumapeto komanso kukula kwa mtundu wawo. Zamoyo zonse za m'madzi sizidutsa masentimita 12 mpaka 15, anthu amodzi amatha kupitirira 25 cm. Kuphatikiza pa labyrinth suprajugal organ, nsomba zimasiyanitsidwa ndi kupezeka kwa tinyanga tating'ono tokhala ngati ulusi. Zingwe zoterezi zimamera ngati zithyole kapena kutuluka. Kutalika kwa nsomba zamtunduwu kumadalira chisamaliro choyenera. Ziweto zam'madzi zoterezi zimakhala m'malo abwino mpaka zaka 5-7.
Pafupifupi mitundu yonse ndi ya sing'anga kukula mpaka masentimita 12. Palinso mitundu ina ikuluikulu, monga snine gourami, yomwe m'chilengedwe imafika mpaka 25 cm.
Lunar
Gunar gourami adawonekera koyamba kumadzi aku Thailand ndi Cambodia. Mu aquarium, matupi awo amafika mpaka masentimita 12. Mtunduwo ndi wa siliva, thupi lonse limakutidwa ndi mamba owala. Wamphongo ndi wokulirapo, ma anal fin amakhala ndi malire a lalanje komanso ulusi wamimba. Gunar gourami amadziwika kuti ndi chakudya chokonda mtendere, m'madzi am'madzi, mitunduyi imayenderana mosavuta ndi nsomba zina.
Ngale
Maonekedwe a ngale ali ndi mtundu wamafuta owoneka bwino ndi mawonekedwe a pelescent ofanana ndi kufalikira kwa ngale. Mwana wamwamuna wa ngale amakhala ndi pamimba pamimba, dorsal fin ndi yayitali komanso yokhotakhota, yolira yayikulu ndi ma ray owoneka. Mzere wakuda kuyambira kumutu kupita kumchira umadutsa thupi. Maonekedwe a ngale ndi amodzi okongola kwambiri komanso osaiwalika pakati pa ena onse, mu aquarium ndimanyazi komanso amanyazi. Pearl ulusi umafika 11 cm.
Kukula
Kung'ung'udza kumakhala kochepa kukula, mpaka mpaka masentimita 8. Toni yayikulu ya thupi ndi yagolide ndi pamimba pamimba komanso mbali zopyapyala. Kung'ung'udza kwa gourami kuli ndi zipsepse zokongola zazitali zokhala ndi mapira a mthunzi wa azitona ndikuponyera kofiira. Mphepo zamkati, zamkati, ndi ma anal zimayatsidwa kumapeto. Kung'ung'udza kwamphongo kumasiyana ndi yaikazi kutalika kwa zipsepse ndi kutalika kwake. Kung'ung'udza kumadziwika kuti ndi gourami phokoso lapadera lomwe limapangidwa panthawi yosangalatsidwa yomwe ikuchitika pang'onopang'ono.
Kupsopsona
Kupsopsona kwa Gurami kuchokera ku banja la chelostomy ndi kwa oyimilira akuluakulu; zomwe zili mu aquarium zimafuna mphamvu zosachepera malita 50 pa munthu aliyense. Wopsompsona gourami adapeza dzina lake loyitanira mayendedwe achilendo. Nsomba, mosasamala kanthu za jenda, kupsompsona pamilomo ndikulendewera kwakanthawi. Pali mitundu ingapo ya mchitidwewu, mwina wopsompsona gourami amathandiza m'bale wake kutsuka mano. Kuphatikiza apo, gourami wokupsompsayu amatha kugwa nthawi yayikulu pakukonzanso gawo.
Pali mitundu iwiri yayikulu yosiyanasiyana: Ma chelostoms aku Thai ndi amtundu wobiriwira, ndipo nsomba za ku Javanese ndi pinki. Zipsepse zake ndi zobiriwira chikasu, zobiriwira, zodutsa ndi ziphuphu zokhala ndi chithaphwi. Wopsompsona amaonedwa ngati nsomba yamtendere ndi gourami, koma amatha kuteteza gawo lake mwachangu.
Buluu
Gourami buluu ndi mawonekedwe amtundu kuchokera ku mawonekedwe owoneka. Nthawi zambiri imasokonezeka ndi mawonekedwe ake wamba, koma ndi kuwala kowoneka bwino kwa gourami buluu kumakhala ndi mtundu wabuluu wabuluu. Amuna amakhala ndi kusiyana kwapadera pamakhalidwe okhudzana ndi kugonana kocheperako, kubereka kwa nsomba kumawonongera thanzi la akazi, omwe nthawi zambiri amafa akamazunzidwa. Blue gourami imakhala ndi chitetezo chokwanira ndipo nthawi zambiri imayamba kudwala.
Wokondedwa
Gourami wokondedwa ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yoyambira nsomba zam'madzi, chifukwa zomwe nsomba zopanda chidwi ndizosavuta kuchita. Mtundu waukulu ndi wachikaso wachikaso ndi chingwe chofiirira chomwe chimayenda pakati pa thupi. Kubala kwawo kumayendetsedwa ndi mtundu wowonjezereka mwa amuna. Mutu ndi m'mimba zimakhala buluu wakuda, ndipo mbali ndi zipsepse ndi uchi. Gourami wokondedwa amayamba pang'onopang'ono, chifukwa chake sayenera kubzalidwa ndi oyandikana nawo omwe amatha kudya chakudya kuchokera kwa iye.
Chocolate
Gourami wa chokoleti amakhala ndi thupi lofiirira lomwe limakhala ndi mizere yopindika yopingasa mosiyanasiyana. Pa nthawi yakuswana, mchira umatha mdima mwaimuna, ndipo ma anal amakhala ngati ofiira. Chocolate gourami amakula mpaka 6 masentimita, amadziwika kuti ndi mnansi wamtendere pamalo amodzi am'madzi.
Palinso mitundu ina yachilengedwe komanso yopanga. Gourami wakuwarayo nthawi zambiri amakhala m'minda ya mpunga, yomwe imafikira mpaka 4 cm.Malawi a gourami amasankhidwa kuchokera ku mitundu ya mwezi, yowala ndi yamtambo. Matigari agalu nawonso ndi amtundu wamphesa chifukwa cha kuphulika kwa golidi ndi mitundu ya nsangalabwi.
Pamwamba pa madzi, mutha kuyala mizu yamiyendo yoyandama: richchia, fern yamadzi, pistii. Zitha kukhala zothandiza pomanga chisa chithovu ndi champhongo akamatulutsa chikhala mu malo osambira anthu ambiri.
Kudyetsa
Ngakhale mudyetsa nsomba zochuluka motani, sizikhala zokwanira. Chifukwa chake, ndibwino kudyetsa chakudya chochuluka kuposa kudyetsa zochuluka kuposa zofunika. Mwachilengedwe, Trichogaster amadya mphutsi zazomera, zinyalala za chakudya, ndi ma invertebrates. M'madzi, nsomba zimadya chakudya chouma ndi chouma. Popeza pakamwa pawo ndiocheperako, kudyetseraku kuyenera kusaya. Mimba yoyenera yamagazi, machubu, daphnia.
Kuswana
Kulera kunyumba ndi njira yotchuka. Kucheka kwa nsomba ndikosangalatsa komanso kosangalatsa. Trichogaster amafika paunyamata ndi miyezi isanu ndi itatu ndikubereka mpaka wazaka 1. Pambuyo pa miyezi 14 mpaka 15 ya moyo, kubereka kwawo kumatha, ngakhale atayesetsa bwanji. Zachikazi nthawi zambiri zimatha kutuluka mpaka kasanu pakadutsa masiku 10-14. Kuchulukitsa nsomba kumatha kuchitika m'madzi wamba kapena pang'onopang'ono. Kuti pang'onopang'ono zitheke, opanga amakhala patsogolo pasadakhale ndipo amapereka chisamaliro chabwino. Madzi amathiridwa mu dothi lozungulira pamlingo pafupifupi 14 cm, mbewu zoyandama zimayikidwa. Kuberekanso kumachitika magawo amadzi akasintha, zomwe zingakhudze kuwuluka bwino: kuwuma 4-11 °, acidity 6-7, kutentha kumakwera mpaka 26-30 ° C (pang'onopang'ono).
Choyamba, wamwamuna wamwamuna, yemwe amayenera kukonza chisa pamadzi. Pambuyo pomanga amayamba kuwonekera ndi kuvina kwaubwenzi. Wamphongo abwererana ndi bwenzi lake ndikumuwombera m'manja, pambuyo pake wamkazi amataya mazira 500. Ndi mazira angati omwe adzapatsidwe panthawi yopanda kuterera kutengera thanzi la mayi komanso zaka zake. Popeza wapereka caviar yonse, wamkazi safunikiranso kupitilira unamwino. Yaimuna imasamalira mphutsi zabwino kwambiri, kusankha athanzi ndi akufa, kuwaphulira thovu. Nthochi zimawoneka patsiku la 3, ndipo zamphongo zimachotsedwa. Mutha kuyatsa chopanda chofowoka ndikuchepetsa madzi mpaka masentimita 10. The infusoria, rotifers amakhala ngati chakudya choyambira.
Kugwirizana
Zonyamulira za ulusi wa Aquarium zimatha kuyenderana bwino ndi nsomba zambiri. Zitha kusungidwa ndi ma macropod, ma cockerel amfupi, makala, apistogram, characin, catfish.
Kuyanjana kwa gourami kolakwika ndi nsomba monga ma cichlids, golide wam'madzi ndi nsomba za viviparous. Pearl ndi gourami wa mwezi amatha kukhala olusa kumaluwa kapena labioses, zomwe ndizocheperako kuposa iwo. Koma ndi maluwa ena, nsomba zimayenda bwino.
Mawonekedwe a gourami
Mphesa zamkati mwa nsomba zamtunduwu zomwe zimasinthidwa kukhala ziwalo zowoneka ngati tactile, zinayamba kuwoneka ngati zingwe zazitali komanso zopyapyala kapena tsitsi. Ndiye chifukwa chake dzinalo lidachitika, popeza dzina lachi Greek limatanthauzira kuti "tsitsi ndi m'mimba".
Mu chilengedwe, gourami imakhala m'matupi ang'onoang'ono amadzi, nthawi zambiri amakhala osayenda. Ndiye chifukwa chake ndizosavuta kusunga gourami, chifukwa safuna pamadzi. Kuuma, kutentha, pH, kuchuluka kwa ma nitrate - zizindikiro zonsezi zimatha kusiyanasiyana pamene zomwe zili gourami zili pamalire akulu.
Gurami (Osphronemidae).
Gourami ndi nsomba zodutsa, ndipo amatha kulekerera bwino mpweya wochepa womwe umapezeka m'madzi. Izi nsomba ndi mwayi wabwino kwa iwo omwe sangathe kuyimilira phokoso laling'ono, chifukwa chake amangozimitsa usikuwo. Komanso gourami samakonza mikangano yosafunikira m'magulu am'madzi ndipo samatsutsana ndi anthu ena. Amayandama mwachangu kuzungulira Aquarium, kudya zakudya zamtchire, ndipo sizikuvulaza mbewu zazitali.
Lunar gourami
Ambiri mwa gourami samawononga mbewuzo, koma gourami womanga mwezi pomanga zisa amagwiritsa ntchito thovu, mbewu zosambira, amathanso kubzala mbewu zobzalidwa pansi. Ndipo popeza nsomba izi zimatha kutalika masentimita 15 mpaka 20, palibe mtengo umodzi womwe ungathe kuzikana.
Gurami ndi nsomba zokongola za m'madzi.
Koma pali njira yotchingira zinthu zosasangalatsa izi - mutha kutsitsa kutentha kwa madzi mpaka madigiri 26. Zikatero, ntchito yomangayo yachepa, ndipo mbewu sizikuvulazidwa. M'malo mwake, gourami amayeretsa zitsamba zamtchire nthawi zonse.
Gunar gourami ali ndi mtundu wa siliva, womwe ndi wopepuka, koma kwa ambiri ndiwowoneka bwino. Amuna amatha kukhala oopsa poyerekeza ndi nsomba zina zambambo. Mwachitsanzo, amatha kukhumudwitsa laliuses ndi labiosis. Koma mwayi waukulu wa mwezi wa gourami ndikuti amatsuka mwachangu mbewu za m'madzi.
Zokhudza machitidwe a gourami
Amuna a mitundu yonse ya gourami abuluu amamanga zisa "kudzera m'matumba", ndichifukwa chake sizivulaza mbewu. Zisa za gourami zimawoneka kuti ndizomvera chisoni. Koma mazira a nsomba'zi ndi othandizira, kuti asakhale mu chisa, samira. Kuphatikiza apo, caviar safuna chisamaliro mosamala.
Gurami ndi nsomba zodziwika bwino pakati pa asodzi am'madzi.
Amuna ambiri abuluu wamtambo wamtambo pa nthawi ya kuswana amasonyezana kulolerana. Ngakhale amuna angapo amatha kumanga zisa nthawi imodzi, pomwe mikangano yam'malire imawuka nthawi zambiri, koma, kwenikweni, palibe zovuta zoyipa.
A gurus othandiza kwambiri amakhala pankhondo yolimbana ndi nkhono zazing'ono - fizi ndi coils. Ndi kubereka kosalamulirika, zolengedwa zazing'onozi zimatha kudzaza madziwo nthawi yomweyo. Nthawi yomweyo, zimavulaza mbewu zam'madzi pansi popanga mabowo ang'onoang'ono masamba awo. Gourami wanjala amasaka nkhono ndi ma hydras.
Izi nsomba zimachita chidwi. Amasanthula mosamala ndi ma tententi ataliatali chilichonse chatsopano chomwe chimawonekera mu aquarium. Ndizosangalatsa kuwona gourami, mwachitsanzo, gulu laling'ono la gourami limatha, ngati ndi lamulo, likukweza kumbuyo kwa mpweya, kenako limabwereranso kumalo komwe linali kale. Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti nsomba izi zimatha kutola mpweya wozizira kenako kudwala, kotero kuti siziyika aquarium pansi pazenera ndikuyesera kuphimba ndi chivindikiro kapena galasi.
Sankhani gourami wanu mosamala.
Ngakhale nsomba izi sizovuta, ma aquarium amawoneka okongola komanso osangalatsa chifukwa cha mitundu yawo yosiyanasiyana. Mphesa sizokoma mu chakudya; Kwenikweni, palibe mavuto ndi kudyetsa.
Momwe mungasankhire gourami woyenera?
Pomaliza, ndikufuna kupereka upangiri pankhani yosankha gourami wathanzi. Utoto m malo ogulitsira nsomba mu nsomba sudzakhala wowala, chifukwa ali m'malo opsinjika. Chifukwa chake, simuyenera kulabadira mitundu yowala. Koma muyenera kuyang'ana momwe zipsepse zimakhalira. Zipsepse siziyenera kusokonekera, nsomba zimayenera kuwongola.
Zingwe zam'mimba mu gourami wathanzi ndizitali. Ngati ulusiwo ndi waufupi, zimatanthawuza kuti adasweka chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa vitamini, kapena nsomba nthawi zambiri amazidyetsa ndi poizoni. Nsomba yapoizoni, ngakhale itakhala m'mikhalidwe yabwino, imamva bwino kwakanthawi ndikukula.
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