Zingwe za tapirs zimasiyana kutengera mawonekedwe amitundu. Nthawi zambiri, kutalika kwa munthu wamkulu wa tapir sikupitilira mamitala angapo, ndipo kutalika kwa mchirawo ndi pafupifupi masentimita 7 mpaka 13. Kutalika kwa nyamayi kumapanga pafupifupi mita, ndikulemera pakati pa 110 mpaka 300 kg. Zida zakutsogolo za tapir zimakhala ndi mikono inayi, ndipo zala zitatu zili m'miyendo yam'mbuyo ya nyamayo.
Izi ndizosangalatsa! Mphuno wapamwamba wa tapir ndi mphuno yayitali imapangika kamene kakang'ono koma kodabwitsa ka mafoni, kamathero kachiwongola, kamazungulira ndi tsitsi lalifupi lalifupi lotchedwa vibrissa.
Chifukwa cha ziboda zazing'onozi, nyamayo imatha kuyendayenda mofatsa komanso pamtunda wowoneka bwino. Maso ndi ochepa kwambiri kukula kwake, omwe ali kumbali za mutu.
Mawonekedwe
Oimira mtundu uliwonse wamtundu wa tapirov ndi mtundu wa tapira amakhala ndi chidziwitso chakunja:
- Zilonda zamapiri kukhala ndi kulemera kwamtunda wa makilogalamu 150-270, kutalika kwamthupi mpaka 210-220 cm ndi mchira waufupi kwambiri. Kutalika kwa achikulire kufota ndi masentimita 77 mpaka 8-10.Mapulogalamu atali ndi kumbuyo pang'ono kumutu, Tsitsi lakuda kumbuyo, komanso m'mimba mwa bulauni, chifuwa ndi miyendo. Mphete zimasiyanitsidwa ndi kudera kwamalire. Thupi la nyama ndi yaying'ono komanso yopanda minyewa, yokhala ndi miyendo yolimba.
- Zojambula zam'mapiri kukhala ndi kulemera kwamtunda wama kilogalamu 130-180, kutalika kwa thupi mpaka 180 cm ndi kutalika m'mapewa apakati pa 75-80 sentimita. Mtundu wa chovalacho nthawi zambiri umasiyana kuchokera pakuda bii mpaka lakuda, koma pamilomo yake pamakhala milomo yopepuka. Thupi ndilolimba, lili ndi miyendo yochepa komanso mchira wochepa kwambiri, wamfupi,
- Central America Tapir, kapena tapir posachedwa Imakhala ndi kutalika kufota mpaka 120 cm, kutalika kwa 200 cm ndi kulemera mpaka 300 kg. Ndiye nyama yayinyama kwambiri kuposa nyama zonse zakuthengo ku America. Mitundu imadziwika ndi kukhalapo kwa bulipital mane ndi ubweya, wopentedwa ndi ma toni akuda. Khosi ndi masaya ake ndi imvi,
- Tepi yakuda imakhala ndi kulemera kwa thupi mokwanira 250 kg20 kg, kutalika kwa thupi ndi 1.8-2.4 m ndi kutalika kufota kosaposa mita. Tepi yakuda imasiyanitsidwa mosavuta ndi kukhalapo kwa malo ena oyera oyera oyera (shabraka) kumbuyo ndi m'mbali. Chovala chotsalira chimakhala chakuda kapena chofiirira, kupatula malire oyera pamalangizo a makutu. Tsitsi la wakuda wakuda ndiwosowa komanso lalifupi, ndipo maulowo kulibe. Khungu lomwe limakhala kumutu komanso kuwonekera kwa khosi kumakhala ndi makulidwe 20-25 mm, lomwe limateteza bwino khosi la nyama yam'miyendo kuchokera m'mano a adani.
Izi ndizosangalatsa! Mwa oimira amtunduwu Black-backed tapir nthawi zambiri pamakhala anthu otchedwa melosts, omwe amasiyana kwathunthu ndi mtundu wakuda.
Tinyama tating'ono ta Tapirus kabomani tinapezeka ndi gulu la asayansi aku Brazil kokha kumapeto kwa 2013. Imodzi mwa mitundu isanu ya tapiryi ndi yaying'ono. Kutalika kwa thupi la munthu wamkulu sikudutsa masentimita 130, ndi kulemera kwa 110 makilogalamu. Nyamayi imakhala ndi imvi kapena mtundu wa bulauni. Mitundu imakhala m'gawo la Colombia ndi Brazil.
Khalidwe ndi moyo
Plain tapir amakhala moyo wopanda wokha, ndipo anthu awiri omwe adakumana nawo nthawi zambiri amakhala okwiyirana. Nyama zimayang'anira malo awo ndi mkodzo, ndipo kulumikizana ndi abale kumachitika pobowola, ngati likhwangwala. Ma penti otsogola osakhalitsa amathera nthawi yayitali m'matumba akokedwa, ndipo pokhapokha ngati usiku mutayamba kufunafuna chakudya.
Izi ndizosangalatsa! Mitundu ina ya ma tepe siosambira abwino kwambiri, koma okwera, komanso osangalala kukumba ndikusambira m'matope.
Ngakhale kukula ndi kukula kwake kwakukulu, ma tapers sangathe kusambira kwambiri, komanso kuyenda pansi mwamphamvu. Mwambiri, oimira zachilendo awa a herbivores, omwe ndi ofanana ndi gulu la Equidae ndi gulu la Mamiliyoni, ndi amanyazi komanso osamala. Poyamba chizindikiro chowopseza, ma tapers amafunafuna pogona kapena kuthawa mwachangu, koma ngati kuli koyenera amatha kudziteteza mothandizidwa ndi kuluma.
Mitundu ya Mapepala
Mitundu yomwe ilipo:
- Pla tapir (Tapirus terrestris), kuphatikiza mitundu ingapo ya T. t. enigmaticus, T. t. colombianus, T. t. spegazzinii ndi T. t. terrestris
- Mountain Tapir (Tapirus pinchaque),
- Central American Tapir (Tapirus bairdii),
- Mtundu wakuda wakuda (chizindikiro cha Tapirus),
- Tapirus kabomani.
Izi ndizosangalatsa! Asayansi akunena kuti nkhalango zomwe zimakhala ku Asia ndi America ndi abale ake akutali a ndende ndi mahatchi, ndipo, mwina, amawoneka ofanana ndi akavalo akale kwambiri.
Mitundu yotsala ya tapir: Tapirus johnsoni, Tapirus mesopotamicus, Tapirus merriami, Tapirus polkensis, Tapirus Simpsoni, Tapirus sanyuanensis, Tapirus sinensis, Tapirus haysii, Tapirus webbi, Tapirus lundeliusi, Tapirus veroensis, Tapirus veroensis, tapirus gres.
Habitat, malo okhala
Ma tapola a lero masiku ano amapezeka m'malo ambiri ku South America, komanso kum'mawa kwa Andes. Oimira ambiri amtunduwu pano akufalikira kuchokera kudera la Venezuela ndi Colombia mpaka kumwera kwa Brazil, kumpoto kwa Argentina ndi Paraguay. Malo okhala zachilengedwe opezeka ku tapir kwenikweni ndi malo oteteza nkhalango omwe amakhala ndi madzi pafupi ndi madzi.
Oimira mitundu ya mapiri a Mountain ali ndi malo ochepa kwambiri ogawikirako ndi malo okhala pakati pa abale onse. Nyama zoterezi zimapezeka ku Andes ku Colombia, kumpoto kwa Peru ndi ku Ecuador. Nyamayi imakonda nkhalango zamapiri ndi mapiri mpaka kumalire a chipale chofewa, chifukwa chake ndizosowa kwambiri komanso sizimafunitsitsa kupita kumalo osakwana 2000 m pamwamba pa nyanja.
Mtundu wa tapir wa ku Central America ndi dera lomwe limayambira kum'mwera kwa Mexico kudera la Central America, mpaka kumadera akumadzulo kwa Ecuador ndi Colombia. Malo okhala zachilengedwe a Central America tapir ndi nkhalango zachilengedwe zamitundu yotentha. Monga lamulo, zolengedwa zachilengedwe zathanzi zimakonda madera pafupi ndi madzi ambiri.
Izi ndizosangalatsa! Anthu a ku Asia adatcha tapir kuti "amadya maloto" ndipo amakhulupirira moona kuti chithunzi cha nyama iyi chosema nkhuni kapena mwala chimathandiza munthu kuchotsa maloto owopsa kapena kugona.
Matepi okhala ndi mutu wakuda amapezeka kum'mwera ndi pakati pachilumba cha Sumatra, m'malo ena a Malaysia, ku Myanmar ndi Thailand, mpaka ku Malacca Peninsula. Asayansi amavomereza kuti nthumwi zamtunduwu zitha kukhala kum'mwera kwenikweni kwa Cambodia, madera ena a Vietnam ndi Laos, koma chidziwitso chodalirika cha izi sichikupezeka. Mwambiri, ma tepi amapezekabe okha pakati pa malire awo, mbiri yakale, yomwe zaka makumi angapo zapitazi idagawika kwambiri.
Chakudya cha Tapir
Oimira mitundu yonse yamapulogalamu amadya zakudya zokha zokha. Kuphatikiza apo, zolengedwa zowetedwa zotere zimakonda malo osachepera kwambiri a zitsamba kapena udzu.
Izi ndizosangalatsa! Zakudya zomwe zimadya nyama zomwe zimadya ubweya wa herbivorous ndizambiri komanso zosiyanasiyana, ndipo m'kafukufukuyu zidatha kukhazikitsa kuti mitundu yoposa zana yazipatso zosiyanasiyana monga chakudya cha ma tapery.
Kuphatikiza pa masamba, nyama zoterezi zimayesetsa mwachangu ndipo zambiri zimadya masamba a zipatso ndi zazing'ono kwambiri, mitundu yonse ya mabango, nthambi za mitengo kapena zitsamba, komanso maluwa ndi zipatso. Kuti adzipeze chakudya chokwanira, makatani nthawi zambiri amapondaponda njira zonse.
Kubala ndi kubereka
Woyambitsa kupanga ubale pakati pa tapirs ndi mkazi wokhwima mwakugonana. Njira zodabwitsazi zimatha kuchitika chaka chonse. Nthawi zambiri, nyama zotere zimakonda kulowa m'madzi.
Mapepala amodzi amadziwika ndi masewera osangalatsa okhathamiritsa, pomwe amuna amalumikizana ndi wamkazi ndipo amathamanga kwa nthawi yayitali pambuyo pake, ndipo nthawi isanakwane njira yotsatila, banjali limapanga zikhalidwe kwambiri komanso mokweza mawu, kumakumbukira kwambiri kulira. Chaka chilichonse, ma tapings amasintha omwe amagonana nawo, kotero kuti nyama izi sizingatchulidwe kuti ndizosankha kapena zokhulupirika kwa okwatirana nawo.
Zomera zimaswidwa ndi zazikazi kupitirira chaka chimodzi. Monga lamulo, pambuyo pa miyezi 14 ya kutenga pakati, mwana m'modzi yekhayo amabadwa. Nthawi zina amabadwa ana angapo, koma milandu ngati imeneyi nthawi zambiri imakhala yachilengedwe komanso ikamakhala yolondera. Kulemera kwakanthawi kamwana kakang'ono kalikonse ndi makilogalamu 59 okha (amasiyanasiyana motengera mitundu ya nyama). Ana onse aamuna ndi ofanana mu mtundu, wopanga mawanga ndi mikwingwirima. Wamkazi amadyetsa ana ake m'malo obisalapo mkaka pachaka chonse.
Akangobadwa kumene, chachikazi ndi mwana amakonda kubisalira m'malo obisika, koma mbewuyo ikamakula, nyamayo imayamba kutuluka m'khola mwake. Nthawi imeneyi, mayi pang'onopang'ono amazolowera mwana wake kuti adye zakudya zam'mera. Pafupifupi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, ana opanga ma tepi amayamba kukhala ndi utoto wamtundu wamtundu wa mitundu yawo. Nyamayi imafika msinkhu wathunthu, monga lamulo, pazaka chimodzi ndi theka mpaka zaka zinayi.
Adani achilengedwe
Adani achilengedwe komanso otchuka kwambiri a chilengedwe chachikulu ndi zachilengedwe monga ziphuphu, akambuku, anyani, zimbalangondo, anacondas ndi ng'ona, koma mdani wawo wamkulu ngakhale lero ndi munthu. Mwachitsanzo, zatsimikiziridwa mwasayansi kuti chifukwa chachikulu chakuchepa kwakukulu kwa chiwerengero chonse cha ma tepi aku Central America chinali kuwonongeka mwachangu kwa nkhalango zam'malo otentha ku Central America, dera lomwe m'zaka zana zapitazo lidachepetsedwa ndi pafupifupi 70%.
Izi ndizosangalatsa! Chosangalatsa ndichakuti zithupsa zazitali komanso zopumira zimapangitsa kuti tapiryo ikhale pansi pamadzi kwa mphindi zingapo, motero kubisala kwa omwe akuwathamangitsa.
Chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwakukulu komwe kumakhala zinyalala zam'madzi, mitundu yamtchire imalowa mwadongosolo malo olima malo omwe mbewu za cocoa kapena nzimbe zimawonongedwa ndi nyama. Eni ake minda nthawi zambiri amawombera nyama zomwe zimalanda zinthu zawo. Zowopsa zam'mapulogalamu ambiri otsika ndizosaka nyama ndi khungu lofunika.
Chiwerengero cha anthu ndi mitundu
Kusaka kwa tapir ndizoletsedwa, chifukwa chochepa cha nyama yotere. Mwachitsanzo, Mountain Tapir pano akuyerekezeredwa ndi IUCN ngati mtundu wowopsezedwa, ndipo chiwerengero chonse cha nyama zoterezi chikuyerekezedwa ndi anthu 2,500 okha. Udindo wa tapir wa ku Central America umatchulidwanso kuti "wopulumuka". Chiwerengero cha matepi oterowo sichidutsa nyama 5000.
Habitat
Tapir ndi mtundu wa zolengedwa zazikulu zoyamwitsa zomwe zimachokera ku artiodactyls, zomwe zimaperekedwa ku banja la tapir. Mu chilankhulo cha fuko limodzi la ku Brazil, dzina la nyama izi limatanthawuza "mafuta", omwe amatanthauza khungu lawo.
Tapir ndi nyama yomwe imakhala ku Southeast Asia ndi Latin America. Kumeneku, zinyama zimakhala m'nkhalangozi ndipo zimasamba nkhalango m'mphepete mwa nyanja ndi mitsinje. Mitundu yamakono ndi zotsalira za gulu lalikulu lomwe limafalikira lonse. Ku America, oimira chilombo awa a artiodactyls ndi okhawo.
Mawonekedwe
Pazaka 30 miliyoni zapitazo, mawonekedwe a tapir sanasinthe. Masiku ano, tapir yeniyeni ndi yofanana ndi makolo ake akale. China chake ngati kavalo. Pa tapir kumbuyo kwa miyendo yakumanzere (yolumikizana mikono itatu) ndi kutsogolo (mikono inayi), ziboda zake zimakhala pafupifupi zofanana (ndizofanana ndi ma microscopic tsatanetsatane). Pamiyendo pali chimanga chomwe chili pansi pa chopondera, chomwe chimafanana ndi mahatchi apamahatchi. Tepi yaku America ili ndi chingwe chaching'ono pakhosi pake. Mlomo wapamwamba, womwe umakhala wolimba kwambiri kuposa kavalo, umakulitsidwa mu phenoscis. Nyama zimabadwira mu zovala zomwe, mwachiwonekere, makolo a nyama zosiyanasiyana amayenda mozungulira: mikwingwirima yopepuka yozungulira imachokera mchira kumutu mpaka kumaso wakuda kwa zikopa zawo. Momwemonso, "penti" ndi miyendo.
Zingwe ndi nyama zomangidwa mokhazikika ndi thupi loterera, lomwe limakutidwa ndi wakuda, wamfupi, nthawi zambiri tsitsi lakuda kapena la bulauni. Kutalika kwamphongo kwa amuna kufota kumakhala pafupifupi 1.2 m, kutalika kwake ndi 1.8 m, ndipo kulemera konse kumakhala 275 kg. Phokoso, kuphatikiza mphuno ya tapir ndi mlomo wapamwamba, limakulitsidwa kukhala kakang'ono kosunthika, komwe amagwiritsa ntchito kudula mphukira kapena masamba. Maso ndi ang'ono, owongoka makutu akumata. kumbuyo - kumanzere, kumanzere - kumanzere - ndikuwombana, pomwe nkhwangwa ya nthambi mbali zonse ziwiri imadutsa chala cha 3, chomwe chimatenga katundu wamkulu. Chala chilichonse chimatha ndi ziboda zochepa. Mchirawo ndi waufupi, ngati kuti wadulidwa.
Ichi ndi nyama yamphamvu, polemekeza dzina latsopano la ZIL Tapir. Mwa njira, galimotoyo idalandira nkhope yokomera pamanja yomwe ikufanana ndi nyama.
Chakudya chopatsa thanzi
Tapir ndi nyama yomwe imadya masamba a zitsamba zamitengo ndi zomera zam'madzi. Ma tapings amatha kulowa pansi, kusambira, kumatha kukhala pansi pamadzi kwa nthawi yayitali, ndipo pakagwa tsoka nthawi zonse amayang'ana chipulumutso mmenemo.
Tapira yakuda ndi nyama yobisalira usiku yomwe imakonda kubisala m'nkhalango zowirira. Pali kusunthika kwakanthawi - munyengo yamvula, imapezeka m'malo otsika, pomwe nthawi yamvula - komanso m'malo mapiri. Mwachitsanzo, ku Sumatra, nyama zimawonedwa pamalo okwera mpaka 1,500 m m'mapiri. Kusamukira kumatha kuthandizidwanso chifukwa chakukula kwazakudya ndi moto wamitchi; makinawa ku Thailand nyengo yachakacho imasuntha kuchoka m'nkhalango zowuma nthawi zonse. Kuchulukirachulukira, adayamba kupezeka pamaulimi, kumapeto ndi kuminda.
Pla tapir
Ndi mawonekedwe akuda bii okhala ndi mawanga oyera omwe ali pachifuwa, khosi komanso pakhosi. Mtunduwu umakhala m'nkhalango za ku South America. Ma tiles tern nthawi zambiri amakhala usiku. Masana, iwo amapuma kumunda, usiku amapita kukafunafuna chakudya. Nyama izi zimatha kudumphira pansi ndikusambira bwino. Mwambiri, amakhala osamala kwambiri komanso amanyazi, zikaopseza pang'ono, amathawa kapena kuyesa kubisala m'madzi.
Makina otayirira, ngati kuli kotheka, adziteteze mothandizidwa ndi mano, kuluma wozunza. Ngati anthu awiri akukumana, ndiye kuti momwe amachitira wina ndi mnzake, monga lamulo, ndiwankhanza. Amakopa madera awo, ndipo pofuna kulumikizana ndi abale, kumveka mawu oimbidwa ngati mluzu. Amadyetsa zokhazokha, m'malo mwake amakhala zofewa. Kuphatikiza pa masamba, iwo amatha masamba, algae, zipatso ndi nthambi. Adani a ma tapir ndi mamba, mbewa ndi miyala.
Mapiri a tapir
Uyu ndiye woimira wamkulu kwambiri wamtunduwu. Mountain tapir ndi nyama yomwe imapezeka m'nkhalango za Colombia ndi Ecuador. Amasiyana ndi chigwa chokhala ndi chovala chakuda chakuda ndi kusowa kwa mane. Mtunduwu wazaka za 1824-1827. pa maphunziro a Colombian Andes, asayansi aku France a Jean Baptiste Bussingo ndi Desiree Roulin adafotokoza. Adatinso chovalachi ndichitali, ngati chimbalangondo.
Mizere yamapiri imakhala yokhayokha, imagwira ntchito usiku, yomwe imachotsedwa masana m'nkhalango za nkhalango. Ndiwokwera modabwitsa omwe amathanso kusambira komanso kusambira, ndipo pambali pake, amakumba matope ndi chisangalalo chachikulu. Koma ziyenera kudziwa kuti awa ndi nyama zamanyazi kwambiri, zikafuna kuwopsa nthawi zambiri zimabisala pamadzi. Matepi awa ndi ma herbivores. Amadyetsa nthambi, masamba, ndi zina zonse.
Tepi yakuda
Tape yakuda imatha kuwoneka kum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa Asia, moyenera, ku Thailand, m'chigawo chakumwera chakum'mawa kwa Burma, kuphatikizanso, kuzilumba zoyandikana. Mbali yake yakutsogolo ya thupi, komanso miyendo yake yakumbuyo imakhala yofiirira yakuda, ndipo pakati (kuyambira mapewa mpaka pansi mchira) ndi loyera, ngati kuti lakutidwa ndi shabraki (bulangeti). Ichi ndi chitsanzo chowoneka bwino chautoto wotchedwa "dissecting", womwe umaphimba bwino nyamayo patsiku lotseguka usiku m'nkhalango, pomwe chomera chonsecho ndi njira yakuda ndi yoyera.
Central America Tapir
Ichi ndi chilombo chachikulu cha mtundu wakuda. Amapezeka m'dera lochokera ku Mexico kupita ku Panama. Ndizofanana kwambiri kwa abale ake ochokera ku South America, ngakhale ndizosiyana ndi iwo mwamaumbidwe.
Ku Central American tapir, kutalika kwa kufota kumafika masentimita 120, ndipo kulemera - 300 kg, kutalika - 200 cm.Wokhala ndi zisonyezo zotere, iye samangotchulidwa ngati tapir wamkulu kwambiri wa Dziko Latsopano, alinso nyama yayikulu kwambiri yam'mapiri ku America. Chimawoneka ngati tapir wachidziwikire, koma, kuwonjezera pa kukula kokulirapo, imakhala ndi fupifupi kumbuyo kwa mutu.
Tapirs (Tapirus) - nyama zazikazi zomwe zimakhala m'mphepete mwa matupi amadzi komanso pakati pa zitsamba zowirira pamadambo. Nyamazi zikangopezeka paliponse padziko lapansi, tsopano ndizochepa kwambiri zomwe zatsalira ndipo zimangokhala m'maiko awiri okha - ku Southeast Asia ndi North America.
Tapir chigwa (Tapirus terrestris ).
Kunja, ma tepi amafanana ndi nkhumba zosakanizira zamtchire komanso zonyansa. Thupi lodzazidwa ndi miyendo yayifupi koma yolimba, chopondera chamtali chokhala ndi thunthu lofewa lomwe amapeza chakudya, maso ang'ono ndi makutu ozungulira, mchira wamfupi ndi ziboda zazing'ono zazala zala - zonsezi zimapangitsa nyama zapadera komanso zosangalatsa.
Tapir Central American (Tapirus bairdii ).
Thunthu la mafoni sichinthu chongosangalatsa chabe pakuwonekera kwa ma tapir, ndichinthu chofunikira kwambiri kupeza chakudya, chomwe chimabwera kunkhalango yowuma. Nayo, tapir imafikira masamba a mitengo, kunyamula zipatso zakugwa pansi, ndikuyendetsa nyama yabwino pakuwombera. Thunthu lilinso chinthu cholakwika chomwe chimawerenga mosamala kwambiri zoopsa ndi kuthekera kwa kukhwima.
Central America Tapir (Tapirus bairdii ).
Kuswana kwa tapir ndikotheka nthawi iliyonse pachaka. Mimba imatenga masiku 400, ndipo ana ake sakhala ngati nyama zazikulu. Amabadwa ndi utoto, womwe umatha miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Pazonse, a tapir amakhala osaposa zaka 30, ndipo akazi nthawi zambiri amabereka mwana mmodzi. Izi zikufotokozera kuzimiririka mwachangu kwa ma tepi kuchokera padziko lapansi.
Tepi yakuda (Chisonyezo cha tapirus ).
Kuchuluka kwa nthumwi za nyama zachilendozi kunachepa chifukwa chosaka mosaka nyama zawo komanso kudula mitengo mwachisawawa. Choopseza chachikulu kwa iwo ndi choti munthu. Ngakhale kuletsa kusaka, andewu nthawi zambiri amapha ma taper ndikugulitsa nyama yawo yamafuta ndi khungu lolimba mothandizidwa ndi buffalo, pamtengo wokwera kwambiri.
Masiku ano padziko lapansi pali mitundu inayi yokha ya ma tapery - atatu mwa iwo amakhala ku America ndi amodzi ku Asia. Zonsezi zimadziwika ndi kukula kwakukulu: kutalika kwa kufota kumafikira mita, kutalika kwa thupi ndi mamitala awiri, ndipo amalemera kuchokera ku 150 mpaka 300 kg.
Tapirus bairdii waku Central America ndi chirombo chachikulu chokhala ndi tsitsi lalifupi. Malo omwe amakhala ndi gawo lonselo kuyambira ku Mexico kupita ku Panama.
Tapir Central American (Tapirus bairdii ).
Pla tapir (Tapirus terrestris) amakhala kumpoto kwa South America. Thupi lake limakutidwa ndi tsitsi lakuda bii, malo owala amawonekera m'malo. Pakhosi pali mauna okhuthala. Nyama iyi imasakidwa, chifukwa anthu am'deralo amakonda nyama yake. Nthawi zambiri, kusaka kumatha bwino, popeza kuti tapir suyenda bwino, komanso sizotheka kuthawira m'madzi.
Tapir chigwa (Tapirus terrestris ).
Pla tapir (Tapirus terrestris ).
Mountain tapir (Tapirus pinchaque) imapezeka m'nkhalango zowirira za Colombia ndi Ecuador. Uwu ndiye woyimira wawung'ono kwambiri wa genus tapirov. Kuchokera pamitundu iwiri yapitayi, imasiyana mu tsitsi lolimba komanso kusakhalako kwa mane.
Mapiri a tapir (Tapirus pinchaque ).
Tapir (chizindikiro cha Tapirus) chimapezeka kumwera chakum'mawa kwa Asia. Makamaka ambiri a iwo ku Thailand, Burma ndi Malaysia Peninsula. Chovala chake chimakhala cha mawu awiri - mkati mwa thupi ndi chopepuka, ngati kuti chaphimbidwa ndi "shabra", ndipo miyendo yakutsogolo ndi mchira wake ndi zofiirira. Chifukwa cha utoto uwu, tapir imatha kubisidwa m'nkhalango pakati pa masamba. Tepi yakuda ndiwosambira kwambiri. Anthu ambiri amakhala okwatirana m'madzi.
Tepi yakuda (Chisonyezo cha tapirus ).
Central America Tapir (Tapirus bairdii ).
Ma tapita amakonda mchere ndipo ali okonzeka kupita patali kukafunafuna zabwino. Njira zoponderezedwa ndi makapu ali ngati msewu wamtunda. Nthawi zina amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi akatswiri popanga misewu yatsopano.
Tepi yakuda (Chisonyezo cha tapirus ).
Wachichaina ndi achi Japan amatanthauzira dzina la nyamayi ngati "odya maloto." Mapaipi ndi nyama zosaphunzitsidwa zochepa zazomera zonse. Palibe amene amadziwa bwino momwe amamangitsira ubale m'magulu awo komanso chifukwa chake amapanga mawu osamveka kwambiri.
Tapir chigwa (Tapirus terrestris ).
Mitundu yonse inayi yotsala ya ma tapery yalembedwa mu Buku Lofiyira ndipo ikuyang'aniridwa ndi Thumba la Zinyama Zakuthengo.
Tapir Central American (Tapirus bairdii ).
Tapirs (Tapirus) - herbivores yayikulu, yazotupa yokhala ndi matupi otupa komanso mitengo yayifupi. Masiku ano pali mitundu inayi ya ma tapery. Atatu mwa iwo amakhala ku South America, ndipo wachinayi amakhala ku Burma ndi Thailand. Tapaipi ndi amanyazi, amtchire otetezedwa nyama zomwe zimakhala pafupifupi m'nkhalango kapena udzu zomwe zimapezeka madzi abwino.
Kukula kwa matepi onse pakatipa kumakhala 1.8-2,5 m, ndipo kulemera kwake ndi 150-300 kg. Thupi lawo limakhala ndi mawonekedwe ofanana: limakhala lozungulira kumbuyo ndi matepi kumbuyo, omwe ali oyenera kuyenda mwachangu kudzera munsi yolimba. Kuphatikiza apo, ma tepi ali ndi mchira waifupi kwambiri.
Tapaipi ndi ma herbivores okha. Amadya masamba, masamba, mphukira ndi zipatso zamitundu yambiri. Izi ndi nyama zokhazokha, kupatula zazikazi ndi ana awo. Mimba imakhala pafupi ndi miyezi 13 mpaka 13. Matenda achichepere amachotsedwa pakapita miyezi 12 mpaka 12, ndipo kutha msinkhu kumachitika pafupifupi zaka 2-4. Tapter amakhala zaka pafupifupi 30. Tsopano mitundu inayi yonse ya ma tepi ali pafupi kutha, ndipo kuchuluka kwa anthu ake kukupitirirabe mofulumira.
Mtundu wa khungu-lakuda kapena mtundu wa ku Malawi (chizindikiro cha Tapirus) ndiye wamkulu kwambiri pamtunduwu. Madera awo amakhala kum'mwera kwa Vietnam, kumwera kwa Cambodia ndi Myanmar (Burma), Malaysia Peninsula ndi chilumba cha Sumatra. Kulemera kwa tapir kumeneku kumachokera ku 250 mpaka 540 kg, kutalika kwa 1.8 mpaka 2.5 m ndi kutalika kwa 0.9 mpaka 1.1 m. Mbali yodziwika bwino yamtunduwu ndi malo akulu kumbuyo kwa mtundu wa imvi.
Ngakhale, monga lamulo, ma tepi amawonedwa ngati nyama zokhazokha, zozizira usiku, makina opakika atha kulolera kwambiri achibale ndikuwonetsa tulo, m'malo mochita kuswera kwathunthu. Amatha kupanga magulu osakhalitsa munthawi yakusowa kwa chakudya. Amadyetsa mitundu yoposa 122; zipatso, monga lamulo, zimapanga gawo lalikulu la zakudya zamtunduwu. Wachikulire amadya 4-5% ya kulemera kwake patsiku.
Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe a mawonekedwe
Tapir ndi woimira gulu la artiodactyl. Omasuliridwa kuchokera ku chilankhulo cha mafuko aku South America amatanthauza "mafuta", adadziwika kuti khungu lakuda. Thupi lamphamvu, lotanuka mwa munthu wokhala ndi miyendo yolimba ndi mchira wamfupi. Pa nsonga zakutsogolo, zala 4, kumiyendo yakumbuyo 3. khungu limakutidwa ndi tsitsi lalifupi lakuthwa la mitundu yosiyanasiyana, kutengera mtundu.
Pamutu, mlomo wapamwamba wokhala ndi mphuno umakulitsidwa, ukutha ndi chidendene ndi tsitsi lowoneka bwino. Nthawi yomweyo, mawonekedwe ang'onoang'ono a proboscis, omwe amathandiza pakudya ndikufufuza madera ozungulira.
Zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri pakuwona bwino nyama. Kutalika kwapakati pa thupi la tapir ndi 2 mita, kutalika kufota mkati mwa mita. Kutalika kwa mchira ndi masentimita 7 mpaka 13. Cholemera chimafikira 300 kg, pomwe zazikazi nthawi zonse zimakhala zazikulu kuposa zazimuna.
Nyama ya Tapir , yomwe ili ndi mawonekedwe amtendere, ndi yabwino kwa anthu, chifukwa chake ndiosavuta kuzichita. Nyama ndizovuta pang'ono komanso pang'onopang'ono, koma nthawi zoopsa zimathamanga kwambiri. Okonda kusewera ndikusambira padziwe.
Mitundu inayi imaphunziridwa bwino. Mwa iwo, mmodzi yekha amakhala kumapiri. Maganizo achisanu apezedwa posachedwa.
1. Central America Tapir
Kutalika kwa thupi: 176-215 cm.
Kutalika kwa kufota (kutalika): 77-110cm.
Habitat: Kuchokera kumpoto kwa Mexico kupita ku Ecuador ndi Colombia.
Mawonekedwe: Chimodzi mwazinthu zosowa kwambiri komanso zophunzitsidwa bwino. Amakhala m'malo otentha. Amakhala pafupi ndi madzi, osambira abwino komanso osiyanasiyana.
Mawonekedwe: Nyama zazikulu zam'madzi aku America. Ili ndi chida chaching'ono komanso chaubweya chamtundu wakuda wonyezimira. Kudera lamasaya ndi khosi kumakhala imvi.
Kutalika kwa thupi: 180 cm.
Habitat: Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela.
Zowonetsa: Woimira yaying'ono kwambiri wamapulogalamu. Chimakhala m'mapiri, kukwera mpaka 4000 metres, mpaka kumunsi kwa chipale chofewa. Mtundu wachilendo wosaphunzira.
Mawonekedwe: Thupi lotanuka limatha ndi mchira waifupi. Miyendo ndi yopyapyala komanso yopanda minyewa, chifukwa mapiri a mapiri ayenera kuthana ndi zovuta zamiyala. Mtundu wa chovalachi umasiyanasiyana kuyambira mtundu wakuda mpaka wakuda. Mapeto a milomo ndi makutu ndi kuwala.
3. Pla tapir
Kutalika kwa thupi: 198-202 cm.
Habitat: South America, kuchokera ku Colombia ndi Venezuela kupita ku Bolivia ndi Paraguay.
Zinthu: Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri komanso yofala kwambiri. Pla tapir amakhala moyo wopanda, wokhala m'nkhalangozi zotentha. Akazi amabweretsa mwana wamtundu umodzi, ofiira ngati mawanga ndi mikwingwirima yayitali.
Mawonekedwe: Chinyama cholimba, champhamvu chokhala ndi miyendo yolimba mokwanira. Kachingwe kakang'ono kowongoka, kolimba. Utoto waubweya kumbuyo ndi wakuda komanso wakuda pamiyendo, pamimba ndi pachifuwa cha thupi. Pali malire owala m'makutu.
4. Tepi yakuda
Kutalika kwa thupi: 185-240 cm.
Habitat: Southeast Asia (Thailand, kumwera chakum'mawa kwa Burma, Peninsula ya Mallaka ndi zilumba zoyandikana nawo).
Mawonekedwe: Tepi yakuda chimakopa ndi mitundu yosadziwika bwino. M'dera lamsana, malo oyera otuwa (cheprak) amapangidwa, ofanana ndi bulangeti. Zovala zina ndi zakuda, pafupifupi zakuda. Makutu ndi malire oyera. Chovala ndi chaching'ono, palibe chingwe kumbuyo kwa mutu. Khungu lowonda pamutu, mpaka 20-25 mm ndipo limateteza kwabwino pakuluma zilombo.
5. Tepi yakuda yakuda
Kutalika kwa Thupi: 130 cm.
Habitat: amakhala madera a Amazonia (Brazil, Colombia)
Zinthu: Zomwe zapezeka posachedwa pogwiritsa ntchito misampha ya kamera. Mkazi ndi wamkulu kuposa wamwamuna. Mtundu wocheperako komanso wocheperako.
Mawonekedwe: Anthu okhala ndi ubweya wakuda kapena ubweya waimvi. Akazi amakhala ndi malo owoneka bwino pachifuwa ndi pakhosi.
Tepi yakuda yakuda
Habitat ndi moyo
Mmodzi mwa zolengedwa zakale kwambiri. Tsopano mitundu isanu yokha yasungidwa. Adani a nyama pamtunda ndi anyani, akambuku, anacondas, zimbalangondo, m'madzi - mamba. Koma chiwopsezo chachikulu chimachokera kwa munthu. Kusaka kumachepetsa ziweto, ndipo kudula mitengo kumachepetsa malo okhala.
Kuwerenga nkhaniyi komwe bara la tapir limakhalamo Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti malo okhala akukhala ochepa kwambiri. Mitundu 4 yayikulu imakhala ku Central America komanso m'malo otentha. Ndipo ina - kumayiko a Southeast Asia.
Nyama zoterezi ndizokonda nkhalango zowirira, zonenepa, komwe kumakhala zomera zambiri zobiriwira. Ndipo onetsetsani kuti muli ndi dziwe kapena mtsinje wapafupi, chifukwa ali m'madzi kwa nthawi yayitali, amasambira ndikutsamira mokondwa.
Nyama zimayendetsedwa usiku komanso usiku, chifukwa chake pezani tapir masanawa ndizovuta kwambiri. Nyama zam'mapiri zimadzuka masana. Pakachitika ngozi, amatha kusintha moyo wamunthu usiku. M'nyengo youma kapena yovuta yaumunthu chilengedwe, nyama zimasamukira.
Mizinga imathamanga kwambiri, imatha kudumpha, kukwawa, chifukwa imayenera kusuntha m'nkhalango zosawoneka ndi mitengo yakugwa kapena pamalo otsetsereka kumapiri. Nthawi yomwe amakonda amakonda kusambira m'madziwe akutsitsa. Ndipo anthu ena amatha kudya algae pansi pamadzi.
Ma tapings am'mapululu amakhala okha ndipo nthawi zambiri amakumana ndi mkwiyo wokwanira akakumana. Nyama ndizolemba malo, chifukwa chake zimadana ndi alendo. Lankhulanani pakati pawo ndi mafunde oboola, oboola ngati mzungu. Ndi mantha, amathawa, osowa kwambiri kuluma.
Kubalana komanso kukhala ndi moyo wautali
Kukula kwa kugonana kwa anthu kumachitika pazaka 3-4. Chachikazi chimakhala chachikulu pafupifupi makilogalamu 100 kuposa chachimuna, ndipo kunjaku sasiyana mitundu. Mating matipi umayenda mchaka chonse ndipo oyambitsa ubale ndi wamkazi. Njira zolembera zimachitika osati pamtunda wokha, komanso pamadzi.
Pamasewera akukhwima, yamphongo imathamanga kwa nthawi yayitali pambuyo paakazi ndikupanga mawu okuwa, ofanana ndi likhweru kapena mkwapulo. Amuna ogonana osakhulupirika samasiyana, chaka chilichonse mkazi amasintha wamwamuna. Mimba ya Tapir imatha pafupifupi chaka chimodzi, pafupifupi miyezi 14.
Mountain Tabir Cub
Zotsatira zake, mwana amabadwa, nthawi zambiri amakhala mmodzi. Kulemera kwamwana kwambiri ndi makilogalamu 4-8 (amasiyanasiyana, kutengera mitundu ya nyama). Zochepa tapir mu chithunzi mtundu umasiyana ndi mayi. Ubweya umakhala ndi mawanga ndi mikwingwirima. Kuwona uku kumathandizira kubisala m'nkhalango zowirira. Popita nthawi, pakatha miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, utoto wotere umadutsa.
Sabata yoyamba mwana ndi amayi ake abisala pansi pa pobisala. Mayi amadya mkaka pansi. Ndipo kuyambira sabata yotsatira, mwanawankhosa amamutsatira posaka chakudya. Pang'onopang'ono, wamkazi amazolowera mwana kubzala zakudya.
Kudyetsa mkaka kumatha mchaka chimodzi. Pofika zaka 1.5, anawo amafikira kukula kwa akulu, ndipo kutha msinkhu kumachitika mwa zaka 3-4. Pafupifupi, pansi pazabwino, ma tepi amakhala zaka pafupifupi 30. Ngakhale ali mu ukapolo, amatha kufikira m'badwo uno.
Kuwongolera nyama chifukwa cha nyama, khungu lowonda komanso kudula mitengo mwachisawawa kumakhudza anthu ambiri. Kuchulukitsa kosasunthika kwa tapirs kumachepetsa kuchuluka kwa zinyama ndikupangitsa kuti mitundu isathe.
Onani ndi mamuna
Kupezeka kwachilengedwe kwa nyamazi kukufotokozedwa chifukwa chakuti ma tapers amasakidwa nyama ndi khungu. Kuphatikiza apo, chifukwa cha kudula mitengo mwachisawawa, malo oyamba a tapirs akuwonongeka. Zotsatira zake, ma tapirs, pofunafuna chakudya, amatha kupita kuminda ya nzimbe kapena minda ya koko yomwe ili pafupi ndi nkhalangoyi. Kuyendera koteroko nthawi zambiri kumatha ndi kupha kwa tapir.
Ma tapara apadera nthawi zambiri amasungidwa m'malo osungira nyama. Amasungunuka mosavuta.
Makhalidwe Okhala Ndi Moyo Wathanzi
Mapaipi ndi nyama zamanyazi komanso osamala, akugwira ntchito mumdima. Masana amabisala m'nkhalangomo, nkutuluka kukadyetsa usiku. Nyama izi zimasambira mokongola, zimayenda pansi, chifukwa chake zimakonda kukakhala pafupi ndi dziwe komwe zimapulumutsidwa. Tatsika, tapir imatha kukhala pansi pamadzi kwakanthawi. Mapaipi ndi nyama zayekha, ndipo ngati akakumana ndi abale, amakhala mwamwano kwambiri wina ndi mnzake, aliyense amayesa kuwawopseza ndikuthamangitsa mdaniyo. Adani achilengedwe amaphatikizapo cougars, jaguars ndi mamba.
Vocalization
Kulankhulana ndi abale, ma tepi amatulutsa kuboola, kumveka ngati mawu.
Kubala ndi kukula ana
Zilonda zam'mimba zimafika pa msinkhu wazaka 3-4. Lengezani chaka chonse, osatsatira nyengo inayake. Mimba imatenga masiku 412 (kupitilira chaka!), Pambuyo pake mwana mmodzi amabadwa. Nthawi zambiri, mapasa amawoneka m'kuwala. Mwana wakhanda wakhanda amaphimbidwa ndi tsitsi lakuda. Zingwe za khungu lake sizipitilira. Khanda lobadwa kumene limalemera makilogalamu 4-7. M'masiku oyamba amoyo, mwana amakhala pobisala, koma patangotha sabata limodzi amayamba kutsagana ndi mayiyo akapita kukadyetsa. Pambuyo pa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, yaikazi imaleka kudyetsa mwana mkaka, ndipo chakumwa chimapita kuchakudyacho.Mofananamo, utoto wamtambo umachoka. Kukula kwakulu kwa mwana wapampopi kumafika chaka chimodzi ndi theka. Kutenga nawo mbali mu kubereka kungakhale wazaka 3-4.
Nyama ku Moscow Zoo
Tapir wathu ndi wamkazi, wobadwa mu 1986, ndipo mu 2005 adabwera kwa ife kuchokera ku Berlin Zoo. Tapa ndi nyama zodyetsa, kotero ku zoo ngati chakudya, amapeza mbatata ndi kaloti, masamba letesi, zipatso zosiyanasiyana, phala la herculean ndi nandolo, zomwe zimawonjezera mavitamini ndi michere yazakudya, komanso chakudya chapadera.
Popeza wamkazi sanakhale wachichepere, ali, monga momwe amanenera, ndi munthu. Kovsyakuyu chochitika chatsopano kapena kusintha mwanjira yokhazikika pamoyo ndikukaikitsa. Mwachitsanzo, kufika kwa maloko kapena ogwiritsa ntchito zamagetsi kumatha kugogoda masana, ndikufunika kupita ku ngongole yoyandikana nayo, yomwe nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi ndulu, imasanduka vuto lalikulu. Zachidziwikire, mukamagwira ntchito ndi nyama yamagalasi, maluso apadera amafunikira kuti mbali imodzi iziyendetsa ntchito yojambula zithunzi, pomwe inayo imathandizira nyamayo kuthana ndi zochitika zosapeweka komanso zosangalatsa. Kuti muchite izi, ntchito zapadera zimachitika nthawi zonse ndi stapir, polowera momwe nyamayo "imakhalira" ukiper dainty, ikuchita zosavuta, koma zofunikira kusamalira. Mwachitsanzo, nyama yaphunzitsidwa kuti kuti ipeza mphesa, imayenera kukhudza mphuno ya chandamale. Cholinga chake ndi pini ya pulasitiki. Chifukwa cha kuphunzitsidwa koteroko, wosunga amatha kudzaza nyamayo ndi mlengalenga wotseguka pang'ono, kuyambitsa khola moyandikana komanso kusuntha nthawi ya chilimwe ndi nthawi yozizira kudutsa msewu kuchokera nyengo yozizira. M'mbuyomu, njirayi idatengera aliyense mphamvu zambiri, mitsempha komanso nthawi.
Ukalamba umafunikiranso kuthandizira thanzi la chiweto: kuwunika nyama, kuwunika bwino, kuwunika momwe ziboda zimakhalira, ndipo ngati ndi kotheka, chithandizo. Kuti tapir ilole kuti izi zizichitika, ndipo koposa zonse, kuti sizipangitsa nkhawa, kuphunzitsidwa kwapadera kumachitidwanso .. Nyama zimaphunzitsidwa kuti zizibwera, kudzayang'ana miyendo, ndi kuzilola kuti zizigwira ziboda, ngati pangafunike.
Chifukwa cha maphunzirowa, tapir adakhala wodekha ndi njirazi, ndipo moyo wake udakhala wolimba komanso wokhutira.
Moyo wazakudya ndi thanzi la nyama yotchedwa tapir
Masomphenya a tapir sanapangidwe bwino, koma izi zimatha chifukwa cha fungo labwino. Zochita pakati pa ma tapir zimachitika madzulo ndi usiku.
Mwambiri, ma tepi mwachilengedwe ndi nyama zobisika komanso zowopsa, ngakhale kukula kwake kwakukulu. Ma tapings amasangalala kwambiri ndi kusambira, amakonda kwambiri madzi ndipo amakhala ndi nthawi yachisangalalo.
Zakudya zamatipi akuda zimakhala ndi masamba achichepere ndi mphukira zosiyanasiyana. Kuphatikiza apo, ma tapers amatha kudya moss, udzu ndi zipatso.
Kubadwanso kwa tapir wakuda ndi chiyembekezo cha moyo wawo
Woyambitsa mapangidwe a awiri m'matipi si wamwamuna, koma wamkazi. Zodabwitsa, sichoncho? Pambuyo pa kupangika kwa "banja" ndikukhwima, mkazi amasaka ana kwa miyezi pafupifupi 13 mpaka 13! Inde, mimba ya tapir imatha kwambiri!
Mwana wa Tapir - ndiwosiyana kwambiri ndi makolo ake.
Pambuyo pake, mwana m'modzi yekha amabadwa. Pakubadwa, khomalo limapakidwa utoto, womwe umasinthiratu ndi miyezi inayi.
Niramin - Mar 13th, 2016
Tipi (lat. Tapirus), nyama zomwe zimafanana ndi nkhumba pakuwoneka. Ili ndiye gawo limodzi la ma artiodactyl. Gawo lalikulu lodziwika bwino la tapir limatha kutchedwa thunthu laling'ono, lomwe nyama zimagwira chakudya. Amakhala ku South ndi Central America komanso kumwera chakum'mawa kwa Asia.
Tapir ndi nyama yayikulu yokwanira. Akuluakulu amafika kutalika kwa 2 metres, kulemera - mpaka 300 kg. Kuthengo, amakhala zaka 30. Amakhala komwe kuli madzi pafupi. Mitsinje, nyanja ndi malo osungira okwiramo ndi abwino. Madzi samangopereka mwayi kwa tapir kudya zakudya zam'madzi, ndi pothawirako odalirika kwa adani achilengedwe omwe amalota kudya nkhumba ndi thunthu, komanso mtundu wa salon ya spa. Nsomba mu dziwe zimatha kuyeretsa khungu la tapir.
Kuphatikiza pazomwe zimamera m'madziwe, ma tapery amadyanso zakudya zamitengo. Masamba, zipatso ndi zina zamtchire ndizoyenera nyama patebulo.
Mitundu ya nyama ndi yakalekale, koma, mwatsoka, ikazimiririka. Cholinga chake ndi munthu. Onse nyama ndi khungu la tapir amayamikiridwa. Kuphatikiza apo, chifukwa cha kutenga pakati, komwe kumatenga pafupifupi masiku 400, nthawi zambiri kamwana kamodzi kamabadwa. Zingwe sizingafanane ndi chidwi cha anthu.
Mwanayo ali ndi mitundu yosangalatsa yozungulira. Zimamuthandiza kuphatikizika ndi malo ozungulira, koma pofika miyezi isanu ndi umodzi chilombocho chimapeza mtundu wachikulire.
M'nthawi yathu ino, pali mitundu isanu yokha yamapulogalamu otsala: aku Amereka anayi (Plain tapir, Mountain tapir, Central American tapir, Cabiri tapir) ndi Asia mmodzi (Black tapir).
Ma pallet ma tiles amakhala makamaka usiku. Phiri lawo, makamaka - Andean achibale - nthawi ya masana.
Onani zithunzi zokongola zamitundu yosiyanasiyana:
Chithunzi: Zingwe zamtundu wa mbewa.
Chithunzi: Central American Tapir
Chithunzi: Black tapir.
Chithunzi: Mountain Tapir
Chithunzi: Plain Tapir
Chithunzi: Tapir cabomani.
Kanema: Tapir - nyama zakale zomwe zidapulumuka Ice Age.
Kanema: Zoona Zenizeni Zokhudza Tapir
Kanema: Izi ndi zomwe aTapir amveka ... ..
Kanema: Tapir amakonda kuswedwa. Zoseketsa nyama zapa zoo
Ma tapings ndi zitsamba zazikulu za herbivores zomwe zakunja zimafanana ndi nkhumba zathu. Amakhala osavuta kuzindikira mwa mtundu wawo wocheperako kumapeto kwa muzzle kapena mtundu wowala wa ana awo.
Pakadali pano, mitundu inayi ndi yodziwika mu banja la tapir, wamkulu kwambiri mwa onse ndi mtundu wakuda wa khungu la Malawi. Amadziwikanso ndi mtundu wake wakuda ndi woyera.
Kumene kubadwira tapir wakuda ndi Southeast Asia. Amapezeka ku Thailand, m'chigawo chapakati komanso kumwera, pafupifupi. Sumatra, ku Myanmar ndi ku Malaysia.
Mitengo yobiriwira yakuda - malo amakono a anthu akuda oyipitsa
Kunja, ma tepi ndi amakumbukiradi nkhumba, koma palibe cholakwa chomwe adzauzidwa :). Amakula mpaka 2-2.4 mita m'litali ndi mita 1 kutalika. Koma sikuti nthawi zonse anthu akuluakulu ndi amuna. Nthawi zambiri, ma tepi, m'malo mwake, zazikazi ndizokulirapo kuposa zazimuna. Kuchuluka kwa matupi awo kumasinthasintha pafupifupi ma kilogalamu 250-320.
Makina amtundu wa Malaysia tapir sikuwala ndi kuwala komanso mitundu. Ndizosavuta kusiyanitsa zakuda ndi zoyera kapena zakuda ndi imvi. Nyamayo imakhala yopakidwa utoto kwathunthu kumbuyo kokha ndi kumbuyo kwake komwe kuli malo owala kwambiri oyera kapena oyera otuwa - shabrack (chifukwa chake dzina la nyama ili). Chabwino, pamalangizo amakutu mutha kuwona kuti pali malire.
Ngati mukuganiza za izi, ndiye kuti nyamayi imakhala yabwino kukhala ndi utoto wakuda thupi lonse, kotero zinali zovuta kuzindikira mumdima. Koma malo oyera oyera sanaperekedwe kokongoletsa konse. Chifukwa cha iye, zimavuta kwa omwe amadana ndi usiku kuzindikira nyama mwanjira.
Monga chida china chodzitchinjiriza ku zilombo, chilengedwe chimapereka matepi okhala ndi khungu lowonda (mpaka 2,5 masentimita) pamutu ndi m'khosi.
Ma tapip ndi otchuka chifukwa cha fungo lawo lamphamvu komanso kumva kwabwino, koma powona ali osadukiza. Choyambirira, ali ndi maso ang'ono, ndipo chachiwiri, mtundu uwu wa tapir ndiwotheka kwambiri kuposa ena wokhala ndi zopunduka kapena zowonongeka. Chifukwa chiyani zimakhala zovuta kunena motsimikiza.
Nyama izi zimakonda kukhala ndi moyo wobisalira, chifukwa chake zochitika zazikulu zimawonetsedwa nthawi yamadzulo komanso usiku. Amakonda kubisala m'malo obisika ndipo amakonda kukhala pafupi ndi dziwe komanso mitsinje. Eya, akonda madzi, chodabwitsa ndichani apa? Nthawi yotentha amatha kusambira ndi chisangalalo.
Izi ndi nyama zolusa, koma, ngakhale ali ndi vuto, amakonda kukhala awiriawiri. Anthu oyambilira saukiridwa, pokhapokha podziteteza. Kulumikizana wina ndi mzake kumachitika kudzera mluzu ndi kuwombera.
Zakudya zambiri zakuda wakuda tapir ndi masamba achichepere ndi masamba. Amatsatiridwa ndi zipatso, udzu ndi mbewa. Alibe msipu wokhazikika, chifukwa chake nyama zimadyera pamalo omwe zilipo pakadali pano.
Mu nyengo yakukhwima, amakhalanso "osavomerezeka." Izi sizomwe zili muyezo ndikuti kufunafuna anthu awiri kumayamba ndi mkazi, osati wamwamuna. Ndiye kuti pali munthu wodziwika, wophatikizidwa ndi mawu achizungu, akumazungulira mzake ndikuluma mbali ndi makutu.
Mimba imatenga nthawi yayitali kwambiri - chaka chimodzi ndi miyezi iwiri, pambuyo pake mkazi amabereka mwana mmodzi yekha. Ndikosavuta kuzindikira ana a mtundu wa tapir ndi mtundu wawo wowala, womwe umatha miyezi 4-7, ukusintha kukhala mtundu wakuda wokhala ndi cheprak.
Blackfin Tapir Cub
Amakula msanga ndipo pakatha miyezi 6-8 amakhala atadzilamulira okha, koma amatha kutha msinkhu pokhapokha ngati zaka 2.8-3,5. Ngakhale si nthawi yayitali chotere, chifukwa choti moyo wawo ndi zaka pafupifupi 30.
Ponena za udindo wawo monga anthu pano, ziyembekezozi zilibe chiyembekezo. Chaka chilichonse chiŵerengero cha nyama izi chikuchepera. Cholinga sichinthu chatsopano - kudula mitengo - chilengedwe chawo. Cholinga china ndikugwira ndi kugulitsa nyama mosaloledwa.
Tsopano tapir yakuda yalembedwa mu International Red Book pansi paudindo wa "mitundu yosatetezeka".
Ma tapirs amakhala ku Central America, South America ndi Southeast Asia. Achuma ndi ake.
Pali mitundu 4 yasiyidwa mwa iwo: Mountain tapir, Plain tapir, Central American tapir - onsewa amakhala ku America, ndi Black-tapir wakuda, yemwe amakhala ku Asia.
Utoto wochokera mtundu wa bulauni mpaka woderapo ndipo wakuda umapezeka mwanjira zamitundu yaku America. Mtundu wakuda umayimbidwa kwambiri, kumbuyo ndi mbali ndi m'mimba mwa nyamayo pali malo amodzi akulu akulu.
Malangizo a makutu amapentedwa ndi chingwe choyera. Khungu limakhala lakuda, lolimba ndi tsitsi lalifupi. Aliyense amakhala ndi thupi lolemera logwira miyendo yochepa thupi, mutu wautali komanso mchira wamfupi kwambiri. Pankhope pali maso ang'onoang'ono omwe ndi ovuta kuwona.
Makutu ndi ozungulira ndipo amafupikitsa, onse akumva bwino. Chosangalatsa chikutha ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timasuntha, kumapeto kwake kuli chigamba. Kuzungulira kwake kumakhala ndevu zazitali (vibrissa). Fungo la nyama.
Kutalika kwa thupi kumayambira 1.7 mpaka 2.3 metres, kutalika kwake kufota kumayambira 1.8 mpaka 2.2 m, ndipo kulemera kwake kumayambira pa 150 mpaka 320 kg. Zala zitatu kumiyendo yakumbuyo, zinayi pamafelemu, zibowo zazing'ono zazala zala zonse.
Amadya zakudya zamasamba - masamba, zitsamba, zipatso ndi zipatso. Pokhala m'madzi, amadya matupi awo ndi matchire. Amadziwa kusambira, kusambira, kuthamanga kwambiri ndi kudumphira mwamphamvu.
Mumakonda nthawi yamadzulo kapena nthawi yamadzulo. Imani miyendo yawo yakumbuyo kuti mupeze masamba obiriwira ochokera kumitengo, pogwiritsa ntchito masamba awo achabechabe, gonjetsani zopinga zamitengo yakugwa. Amatha kukwawa pansi pa thunthu, kapena kudumpha.
Ali ndi adani ambiri - awa, ndipo. Atazindikira vuto, tapir amathawa, kapena kubisala m'madzi. Ngati palibe njira yotuluka, ndiye kuti amadziteteza pogwiritsa ntchito mano ake. Mwamunayo adathandizanso, kumusaka chifukwa cha nyama yokoma.
M'nyengo yakukhwima, amuna amafuna akazi, amawayimba ndi likhweru kapena chifuwa. Koma akazi achikuda amaso, Mosiyana ndi Amereka, panthawi yoyenera akufuna mnzawo.
Pambuyo poyenda pang'ono kwa awiriwo, mimbayo imachitika, yomwe imatenga pafupifupi miyezi 13. Mwana wakhanda wamphamvu amabadwa, wolemera makilogalamu 5 mpaka 10 (kutengera mtundu wa nyama).
Tapir wakuda (Lat. Chizindikiro cha Tapirus) ndi nyama yofananira yochokera kubanja la Tapiridae (Tapiridae). Amakhala ku Sumatra, komanso ku Thailand, Vietnam, Burma ndi Malaysia. Nthawi zambiri amatchedwa India kapena Chimelay tapir.
Mtunduwu udapezeka ndi anthu aku Europe mu 1819 ndipo udatchedwa dzina chifukwa cha malo oyera kumbuyo kwake, kotchedwa cheprak. Banja la tapir likuyimiridwa ndi mitundu inayi, yomwe mitundu itatu ya ((phiri, chigwa ndi Central American) imakhala m'nkhalango zotentha za Central ndi South America.
Nyama zodabwitsazi zimawerengedwa kuti ndi abale a ndende komanso mahatchi.
Amadziwika kuti zolengedwa zamoyo, amakhala padzikoli zaka zoposa 35 miliyoni, ndipo munthawi imeneyi sanasinthe kwenikweni. Zotsalira zakale za nyama zomwe zimapezeka ku Great Britain ndi zaka pafupifupi 100,000. Masiku amenewo, anali ambiri padziko lonse lapansi.
Ku Asia, matipi akuda samayesedwa ngati nyama yokoma, ngati nkhumba, komanso amawaganizira kuti amasunga kunyumba kutonthoza komanso amachititsa mizimu yoipa.
Khalidwe
Mtunduwu umangokhala m'malo okhala ndi nkhalango zowirira. Kumeneko amapeza pothawirako wodalirika komanso zakudya zam'mera zambiri. Lair nthawi zambiri imakhala pafupi ndi kasupe wamadzi abwino - akasupe, mitsinje kapena nyanja.
Ma tapings amatha kukhazikika m'malo otentha, kupembedza kuzizira komanso kusamba kwamatope. Pofuna kuti zisamadzazidwe mu chithaphwi, amafalitsa miyendo yawo. Nyama zimasambira mokongola ndikudziwa kusambira. Chochititsa chidwi kwambiri ndi kuthekera kwawo kuyenda pansi pamadzi pansi pazimba. Kupuma mpweya, zimangofunikira kuwonetsa nsonga ya mphuno zawo zazitali.
Pakakhala ngozi, tapir tapir wobisala pakuuluka, amatha kukwera mapiri mosavuta. Pokhala ma herbivores osakhazikika, amadya masamba a mitengo ndi zitsamba zochepa, nthawi zambiri samadya zipatso ndi udzu.
Mukufunafuna chakudya, ma tapara mosalekeza akumva pansi ndi thunthu lalifupi, kuti azindikire kununkhira kwa abale awo ndi omwe amadyera.
Amakhulupilira kuti ndi okhazikika, amakhala ndi moyo wausiku, ndipo magulu am'banja amapanga mayi yekhayo ndi ana ake oseketsa. Kuthengo, njira zowoneka bwino zimayikidwa, zomwe zimatsogolera ku dzenje lakuthirira. Ankazilemba kwambiri, kufalitsa mkodzo pozungulira. Akakumana ndi wachibale, amakhala ngati akuwopseza, akumwetulira ndikusautsa mano.
Masomphenya a tapir ndiabwino, koma kumva ndi kununkhira kwake kumakhala kokongola. Kapangidwe kakapangidwe ka thupi limamupangitsa kuti azisunthira mwachangu pakati pa nkhanu zowuma, atamva phokoso lokayikitsa pang'ono.