Tsopano koalas amakhala ku Australia kokha - osati kulikonse, koma kumwera chakum'mawa kwa Africa. Kunja, amafanana ndi ana aang'ono: amangokhala ndi tsitsi lakufupi lamaso la imvi kapena lofiirira, lalifupi, lamaso akhungu, mphuno yokhala ndi timiyendo tating'ono, mchira wamfupi komanso makutu akulu otambalala ndi tsitsi lalitali m'mphepete.
Mbiri yakukula kwa mitundu
Izi koalas tsopano ndi chimodzi mwazizindikiro ku Australia, ndipo pomwe ena anasamuka ku Europe mwachangu adawathamangitsa ku Australia ndipo pafupifupi adawawononga chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa ubweya wawo wofewa wokhala ndi masentimita atatu a ubweya. Koma nyama izi zidawoneka kumtunda zaka zoposa mamiliyoni 30 zapitazo, ndipo malinga ndi zikhulupiriro za anthu amtundu wa Aborigine, nawonso, anali munthu.
Momwe nyamayi inachokera: Mtundu wa Aboriginal
Nthano zopeka za Aborigine am'deralo zimasimba za mwana wamasiye Kub-Bor (Marsupial Bear), yemwe, ngakhale abale ake enieni adamulera, sanamukonde kwenikweni, chifukwa chake anali kumukhumudwitsa nthawi zonse. Mnyamatayo anaphunzitsidwa kuti azikhalabe m'nkhalangozi kuti akatenge chakudya. Chifukwa chake, analibe zovuta ndi chakudya, koma zinali zovuta ndi madzi, popeza Kur-Bor anali ndi ludzu nthawi zonse.
Akuluakulu akayamba kusaka ndikutola chakudya, kuiwalako kubisa zidebezo ndi madzi, mwanayo adawaona - ndikumwa pang'onopang'ono zonse zomwe zinali, ndikusiya fuko lopanda madzi. Pambuyo pake anakwera pa bulugamu ndikuyamba kuyimba nyimbo mosangalala, pomwe mtengowo, pomwe panali pomwepo, unayamba kukula kwambiri, ndipo pofika madzulo unadzakhala waukulu kwambiri m'nkhalango yonse. Ndipo kenako abwanawo (abwanawo) anabwerera.
Sanapeze madzi, koma anapeza mwana atabisala papulu lalikulu. Poyamba sakanatha kupeza Kur-Bora, chifukwa nthambi za mtengo waukulu zinali zazitali kwambiri. Koma kenako awiriwo anakwanitsa kukwera mumtengo. Mnyamatayo adagwidwa ndi iwo, adamenyedwa pamwamba pa mtengo, ndikugwetsedwa.
Mwachilengedwe, Kur-Bor adagwa mpaka kufa. Koma, pamene mbadwa zimamuyandikira, adawona kuti mnyamatayo pang'onopang'ono adayamba kusintha kukhala koala. Nditamaliza kusinthaku, nyamayo inakhalanso ndi moyo, inathamangira ku buluzi ndikukwera.
M'mawu omaliza omwe daenas adamva kuchokera ku koala, kuti ngati iye ndi ilk yake aphedwa kuti adye, azingofunika kuti aziphika chonse. Wina akapanda kumvera, mzimu wake utuluka mtembo wa nyama yakufayo ndi kulanga mwankhalwe wochimwayo - padzakhala chilala chotere choti anthu kapena nyama sangazipulumutse. Ndi ma koalas okha omwe adzapulumuka, pomwe chinyezi chimakhala chokwanira, chomwe chimapezeka mumasamba a buluzi.
Koalas iwowo, malinga ndi zikhulupiriro za Aaborijini, sanamwe madzi kuyambira pamenepo. Kholo lawo, pokhala munthu, adamwa zambiri za izo. Chikhulupiriro ichi chidayamba pa chifukwa chimodzi chosavuta: m'mbuyomu, palibe amene adawonapo nyama izi pamalo othirira.
Asayansi Version
Amakhulupirira kuti banja la koala lidawoneka zaka zoposa mamiliyoni 30 zapitazo, ndipo padalipo mitundu khumi ndi isanu ndi itatu (ina mwa iyo inali yoposa makumi atatu kuposa koalas). Ponena za nyama "zamakono", ndizochepa kwambiri. Zaka zawo zimakhala zaka 15 miliyoni zokha.
Azungu adazindikira nyamayi koyambirira kwa zaka za m'ma 1800. Awa anali zotsalira za koala zomwe zimapezeka pakati pa nzika. Officer Barralier, omwe adawapeza, adamwa nawo ndikuwatumiza kwa Governor wa New South Wales. Ndipo patatha chaka chimodzi, chapafupi ndi Sydney, nyamayo idagwidwanso.
Poyamba, koalas idapezeka kokha kumwera chakum'mawa kwa Australia, komanso kumwera kwa kontinenti (koma kumeneko adawonongedwa mwachangu kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 20 pofunafuna phindu). Amakhulupirira kuti nyamazo zimakhala kumadzulo kwa mainland, monga zikuwonekeranso ndi zotsalira zomwe zimapezeka kumeneko.
Onani mawonekedwe
Asayansi sanathebe kudziwa bwinobwino kuti nyama yomwe akukhala ku Australia ndi iti. Poyamba ankakhulupirira kuti ndi panda kapena chimbalangondo, kenako zidasankhidwa kuti wachibale wawo anali wombat, kangaroo kapena inclumum (onsewa, monga koala, ndi marsupials a herbivorous). Koma ngati ubale ukadalipo, ofufuzawo sanapezebe mizu yawo.
Chifukwa chake, adaganiza zokomera zamakono za koalo yekha woimira banja la koalov, yemwe amakonda kukhala ndi moyo modutsa mitengo, ngakhale ngati kuli kotheka amatha kusankha njira ina.
Zinyama
Koala palokha ndi nyama yaying'ono. Kulemera kwa yamphongo yayikulu kuchokera kum'mwera kwa Africa kuli pafupifupi ma kilogalamu 15, ndipo mkazi kuchokera kumpoto ndi kilogalamu khumi. Kutalika kwakukulu kwa koala wamkulu kumakhala pafupifupi masentimita makumi asanu ndi atatu.
Marsupial amagona pamitengo pafupifupi maola makumi awiri patsiku. Ntchito zolimba zimatsogolera usiku, kukwera nsonga posaka masamba. Masanawa, ngakhale nyama itauka, imangokhala osagontha kapena kugona, kukumbatira buluziyo ndi miyendo yake.
Nyamayi imakhala ndi mawonekedwe osangalatsa omwe amawasiyanitsa ndi nyama zina, chifukwa chomwe adayipatsa mtundu wina.
Ma Koala paws ndi abwino kukwera mitengo ndikulola munthu wamkulu kuti azigwira nthambi za mitengo popanda mavuto, ndipo mwana agwiritsitse kumbuyo kwa mayiyo. Nyamayi imangogona pachikepe, ikungirira mtengowo mwamphamvu ndi matanda ake:
- Koala pamiyendo yake yakutsogolo ili ndi zala ziwiri zogwira zopezeka pang'ono kutali ndi enawo,
- Zala zina zitatu zili m'bulashi,
- Zala zonse zakumaso zili ndi zibowo zamphamvu kwambiri,
- Chala chakumaso cha koala chilibe chochita (chosiyana ndi chinayi chija).
- Zala zonse za koala zimakhala ndi zala zam'manja zomwe ndizokumbukira kwambiri za anthu.
Mano a nyama amapangidwira kutafuna pa udzu. Chifukwa chake, zotsogola zawo zili ngati lumo ndipo amatha kudula masamba mwachangu. Mano ena onse akupera, ndipo dzenje lalikulu limawasiyanitsa ndi zitsulo.
Malingaliro ndi kuthamanga
Kalanga, koalas zamakono ndizopusa. Ngati ubongo wa makolo awo udadzaza kakhosalo, ndiye kuti nyama zomwe zidapulumuka lero, ndizocheperako. Malinga ndi lingaliro lina, izi zinachitika chifukwa chakuti koalas amadya kwambiri masamba ndi mphukira, zomwe zimakhala ndi mphamvu yotsika kwambiri.
Chifukwa chake, ubongo wa koalas amakono ndi 1.2% yokha ya kulemera kwawo konse, ndipo makumi anayi peresenti ya cranial cavity imadzaza ndi madzi a cerebrospinal. Kusazindikira nzeru kumakhudza moyo wa nyama zomwe. Mwachitsanzo, pozolowera kufunafuna chipulumutso pamitengo, samaona nthawi zonse kuti ndichofunika kuti ichoke ndikuthawa kumoto. M'malo mwake, amangopanikizidwa denser motsutsana ndi mitengo ya bulugamu.
Khalidwe
Koala ndi nyama yodekha kwambiri. Amagona maola 18 mpaka 20 patsiku, nthawi yonse yotsala akudya. Koala amakhala pamtengo, ndipo amatsikira pansi makamaka kuti asinthane ndi eucalyptus ina, yomwe imatha kudumphira m'mlengalenga.
Kuyambira pa buluzi mpaka phula, amalumpha mosavuta komanso molimba mtima. Ngati asankha kale kuthawa, atha kupitanso kunkhongo kuti akakwere mumtengo wapafupi.
Chakudya chopatsa thanzi
Ponena za kufulumira kwa koala osati munthawi yadzidzidzi, izi zimachitika makamaka chifukwa cha chakudya chake. Amangodya mphukira ndi masamba a mtengo wa buluzi. Metabolism mu koalas ndiyosachedwa kuwirikiza kuposa zolengedwa zinzake (kupatula ngati wombats ndi sloths) - izi zimaperekera chakudya chokwanira cha masamba a bulugamu.
Funso loti chifukwa chiyani ma koalas amakonda masamba a buluzi amasokoneza ambiri. Chifukwa masamba a bulugosi samangokhala ulusi komanso amakhala ndi mapuloteni pang'ono, komanso ali ndi mankhwala ena ophatikizika ndi hydrocyanic acid, omwe ali ndi poizoni pafupifupi pafupifupi zamoyo zonse.
Ponena za koalas, ziphe zoyipa zomwe zimalowa m'magazi kuchokera m'matumbo ake sizimasinthika ndi chiwindi. Nyamazo zimakhala ndi cecum yayitali kwambiri - pafupifupi mamilimita awiri ndi theka (mwa anthu - osaposa masentimita asanu ndi atatu). Mmenemo mumapezeka chakudya chakupha. M'matumbo a koalas, pamakhala mabakiteriya ambiri omwe amasunthika kuchoka m'magawo otentha a koalas.
Nyama imadya pafupifupi kilogalamu imodzi ya masamba patsiku, kwinaku ikuphwanya ndi kutafuna mosamala kwambiri. Ndipo chosangalatsa ndichakuti, chifukwa chachikulu chimasungidwa m'mataya.
Koalas samadya masamba amtengo uliwonse: kununkhira kwawo kwabwino kwambiri kumakupatsani mwayi woti musankhe mbewu zomwe zimakhala ndi mankhwala ochepa owopsa. Chifukwa chake, mwa mitundu mazana asanu ndi atatu ya bulugamu, koalas amangodya zana limodzi ndi makumi awiri. Ndipo mphuno zawo zikauza kuti chakudyacho chakhala chakupha kwambiri, amapita kukafunafuna eucalyptus wina woti adziyeneretse (ngati koala sanathe kusintha mtengowo panthawi, nthawi zambiri amakhala akuyamba kuwononga poizoni).
Amakonda zokolola zomwe zimamera panthaka yachonde - ndizowopsa. Kuti athe kulipirira kusowa kwa mchere m'thupi, nyama nthawi zina zimadya lapansi.
Masamba a bulugamu wa koalas nawonso amachititsa chinyezi. Amamwa madzi makamaka pachilala kapena akadwala. Ku Australia, posachedwa, nyamazo zimapezeka kwambiri pafupi ndi dziwe lawo zikafika kudzamwa madzi.
Kodi chimbalangondo chamtengo wapatali chimawoneka bwanji?
Ndi ochepa omwe adawona koala ali amoyo, koma ambiri adawona makanema ndi zithunzi za nyamayi. Koala kwenikweni ili ngati chimbalangondo. Mwachitsanzo, mchira wa koala ndi wofanana ndi chimbalangondo - chaching'ono chomwe sichimaoneka thupi. Komabe, sizingasokonezedwe ndi chamoyo china chilichonse.
Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe awa, ambiri amapanga koalas ngati zimbalangondo.
A koala ndi nyama yaying'ono: mwachitsanzo, kulemera kwa chimbalangondo cha marsupial kumayambira ma kilogalamu 7 mpaka 12. Tsitsi la koala nthawi zambiri limakhala lalifupi, koma lalikulu, laimvi. Nyama imakhala ndi chovala cholakwika pamimba. Maso a koala ndi ochepa, ndipo makutu ndi mphuno ndi zokulirapo. Zovala zamtambo ndizakuthwa komanso zazitali. Zimbalangondo za Marsupial zimazifuna kuti ziziyenda mosavuta pamitengo.
Koalas amangodya masamba a buluzi.
Koala Habitats
Koala ndi nyama yopatsa chidwi, ndipo amakhala, ku Australia, komanso kuzilumba zapafupi (kupatula Tasmania). Zimbalangondo za Marsupial zimasankha malo awo pafupi ndi madzi, chifukwa kuli nkhalango zotentha - malo azikhalidwe za koalas. Zilumba za Mars zimapezeka kumwera, kummawa, komanso kumpoto kwenikweni kwa Australia.
Wojambulayo adapeza kanthawi kochepa koala ataganiza "kunyowetsa pakhosi pake" mu dziwe lanyumba.
Koala amakhala m'malo otentha kwambiri, otentha komanso otentha kwambiri, komwe mumapezeka zipatso zambiri za eucalyptus - gwero lokhalo la zakudya kwa koalas.
Nyama izi sizimatsikira pansi, zimangofika kumitengo yotsatira ya buluzi.
About kudyetsa marsupial zimbalangondo
Koala amadya eucalyptus, ngakhale kuti mbewu iyi ili ndi poizoni wa nyama hydrocyanic acid. Chowonadi ndi chakuti nyamayi imakhala yosakhudzidwa ndi zomwe ikuchita. Kuphatikiza apo, chilengedwe chimakhala ndi mtundu wa chitetezo kwa iwo: munthawi zosiyana za chaka, koalas amadya mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya bulugamu (nthawi zina, mitundu ya buluziyo imakhala ndi hydrocyanic acid kuposa ena). Komabe, nthawi zina koala imatha kupangidwabe ndi masamba a buluzi.
A koala omwe amakhala panjira amayenda pamsewuwu zikuwoneka kuti ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri.
Mosiyana ndi malingaliro odziwika kuti koalas samamwa konse, nyama izi, ngakhale sizikhala nthawi zambiri, zimapeza magwero amadzi ndikumwa.
Koala amagona mumtengo.
Kuswana koalas
Koalas, omwe amakhala nthawi imodzi amasonkhana m'magulu okha nthawi yakubzala. Nthawi zambiri, gulu lotere limakhala laimuna wamwamuna mmodzi kapena awiri kapena asanu (ndipo nthawi zina) wamkazi. Matani a koalas amapezeka pamitengo. Koalas amabereka kamodzi pachaka kapena kamodzi zaka ziwiri zilizonse.
Koala wogona amakhala womasuka pa nthambi.
Marsupial chimbalangondo chimatenga pafupifupi mwezi. Nthawi zambiri amabadwa kamwana kamodzi, kutalika kwake kutalika kwa 1.5 cm ndi osaposa ma 6. Popeza koala ndi nyama yodyetsa, chikwama chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kunyamula mwana nthawi yayitali - pafupifupi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Pakadutsa masabata 30, mwana akamakula pang'ono, amatha kudya madzi am'mimba a makolo ake (izi ndizofunikira, chifukwa ali ndi zinthu zofunika kugaya bwino). Pakapita kanthawi, koalas amakula kwathunthu ndikuyamba kukhala moyo wawo.
Chimbalangondo chachikazi ndi mwana wa nkhosa.
Mawonekedwe a koalas
Kodi chapadera ndi chiyani ndi chimbalangondo chaku marsupial? Ali ndi kuthekera kosiyanasiyana kosiyana ndi zinthu zina zachilengedwe.
Koala ndiwofalikira ku Australia. Mwanjira ina, kupatula Australia ndi zilumba zoyandikana nazo, koala sakhala, koma malo osungira nyama. Kuphatikiza apo, chifukwa cha kulimba kwake kokha kukwera mitengo ndikudya buluzi, chimbalangondo cha marsupial chimachedwa komanso pang'ono.
Mwana wamkuluyo amasunthira kumbuyo kwa amayi.
Chinthu china chosangalatsa cha koalas ndichakuti amabereka ana aang'ono kwambiri, okhala ndi kukula kwakukulu ndi kulemera kwa thupi. Ndizodabwitsa kuti makolo omwe ali ndi kilogalamu eyiti amatha kubereka ndi ana ngati nyemba ya nyemba!
Adani a koalas
Koala ndi nyama yodabwitsa: m'chilengedwe, alibe adani! Chifukwa chiyani izi zinachitika? Pali zifukwa zingapo.
Choyamba, zimbalangondo za marsupial zimapezeka ku Australia ndipo zimangokhala pamitengo, koma kumtunda kuno kulibe mitengo yomwe imatha kuvulaza koalas. Kachiwiri, koala amadya masamba a bulugamu, osavulaza nyama, koma amatha kukhala owopsa kwa nyama zina zomwe zimafuna kudya chimbalangondo.
Achinyamata koalas.
Zothandiza ndi zomwe zimapangitsa koala
Koala ndi cholengedwa chabwino kwambiri chomwe chingathandize munthu komanso kumuvulaza.
Phindu lalikulu la koalas ndiloti ana ambiri, ndipo nthawi zina achikulire, amawakonda m'malo osungira nyama. Asayansi nthawi zambiri amayesa nyama izi. Chifukwa cha izi, zolengedwa zokongola zimatetezedwa ndi malamulo kuti aziwombera komanso kupha utsi wofunafuna.
Kalanga, koalas amathanso kuvulaza anthu. Pakakhala zimbalangondo zochulukirapo ndipo sizikhala ndi chakudya chokwanira, zimayandikira pafupi ndi nyumba za anthu ndipo zimayambitsa ngozi yapamsewu. Ngakhale izi, koala ndi nyama yosangalatsa kwambiri yomwe sinaphunzirepo konse ndi asayansi.
Ngati mwapeza cholakwika, chonde sankhani gawo ndikusindikiza Ctrl + Lowani.
Kodi koala amawoneka bwanji?
A koala ndi nyama yokhala ndi mutu wokhala ndi mutu waukulu, miyendo yamphamvu ndi mchira wamakhola, womwe umabisidwa pansi pa tsitsi. Amawoneka okhudza mtima kwambiri: khungu lotupa, chikasu, maso otcheretseka, makutu aubweya, mphuno zakuda. Imafanana ndi chidole chambiri, ngakhale m'moyo sichikhala chopweteka komanso chokongola nthawi zonse.
Mutu wa Koala , yayikulu ndi yotakata, ili ndi phokoso lathyathyathya, maso ali ochepa, amakulungika, makutu ndi akulu, ozungulira, m'mphepete mwao ndi yokutidwa ndi tsitsi lalitali. Kumbuyo kwa mphuno ya nyama ndi lopanda tsitsi, lakuda, lopendekera kwambiri kuchokera kumalo okutidwa ndi ubweya. A Koalas amakhalanso ndi matumba a masaya.
Mutu wa Koala
Mano a Koala ( 30 ma PC ) amasinthidwa kuti azikhala ndi masamba okhala ndi masamba ambiri. Amapangidwa mwanjira yofanana ndi ma wombat ndi kangaroo. Zida zakuthwa zimalekanitsidwa ndi mano a buccal ndi diastema yotakata. Mano otafuna amathandiza kuti zolengedwa zizipukusa masamba kuti akhale ochepa. Nthawi zina koala imasamba chakudya pakamwa pake kuti chitafunenso.
Mano a Koala
Koalas ndi okulirapo komanso opanda minofu miyendo . Miyendo yakutsogolo ndiyitali kuposa miyendo yakumbuyo, koma minofu yolimba kwambiri imakhala m'chiuno cha miyendo yakumbuyo. Pali zala zisanu kumiyendo yakutsogolo. Awiri a iwo, monga athu akulu, amawerama mbali ndipo akutsutsana ndi ena atatu. Ndiosavuta kunyamula nthambi.
M'manja mwa miyendo yakumbuyo, imodzi ndi yoyamba, ndiyo yokhayo, yopanda zovala, yosiyanitsidwa ndi ena anayi. Chala chachiwiri ndi chachitatu chimaphatikizidwa ndi minofu yofewa.Atakwera pamwamba pa mtengo, koala amagwira thunthu ndi kutsogolo kenako nkukoka miyendo yakumbuyo.
M'mbuyo ndi kumbuyo kwa miyendo ya koala
Mapala a zala za Koala ali ndi papillary, ndi anthu ndi anyani ena okha omwe ali ndi izi. Kusiyana kwa zala zam'manja za koala ndi munthu ndizovuta kusiyanitsa ngakhale ndi maikulosikopu.
Zingwe koalas ndi lakuthwa, lakuthwa komanso lolimba, makamaka pazala ziwiri zotsutsana. Zovala zomwe nyamayo imayendetsa mumitengo imatha kuthandizira kulemera kwa koala. Zala zake ndi zala, nyamayo imagwira nthambi, kuzikhomera m'nyumba yodalirika. Zovala zimathandizira khandalo kugwira chovala cha mayi.
Fur koala ali ndi nkhungu (makulidwe a 2-3 cm ), phulusa laimvi kapena laimvi, lomwe nthawi zina limakhala lofiira, lofiirira, siliva kapena chokoleti cha bulauni kumbuyo. Pa chibwano, mkati mwa kutsogolo ndi pachifuwa, ubweya umakhala woyera kapena wachikasu. Pali mawanga oyera pa oblium. Mtunduwu umatha kusintha moyo wa mitengo ya bulugamu. Mtundu wa koala umalumikizidwa ndi mtundu wa makungwa a mtengowo, ndipo nyamazo zimawoneka.
Coling koala fur
Ubweya umakhala ndi zinthu zotentha. Kumbuyo, kumalimbana ndi mvula komanso mphepo. Pa bere limasinthasintha dzuwa. M'madera omwe amakhala kumpoto kwa mtunduwu, ubweya sucheperako, wopepuka komanso wamfupi.
Amuna a Koala ndi akulu kwambiri kuposa akazi , wokhala ndi phokoso lalikulu, lokhala ndi ma auricles, mphuno yokhotakhota komanso nthenda zam'mimba zotsekemera. Chachikazi chimadziwika ndi chikwama chotsegulira chakumbuyo pamimba. Kutalika kwa thupi laimuna 78 cm , akazi - Masentimita 72 . Misa ya amuna 14-11.8 kg , akazi - 7.9-5 kg . Kutalika kwa nyama kufota ndi 30-45 cm. Kumpoto kwa mtunduwo, anthu ndi ochepa kwambiri kuposa kumwera.
Akakumana ndi bambo, koala amakhala ochezeka. Koma tengani m'manja mwanu sikuyenera. Ali ndi zopondera kwambiri komanso mano. Pochita mantha, akhoza kuluma ndi kupweteka. Akazi omwe ali ndi ana nawonso ndi owopsa.
Koalas amakhala ndi fungo labwino komanso kumva. Masomphenya samapangika pang'ono, ndipo ana opezeka mokhazikika amalankhula za nthawi yamadzulo. Amakhala ndi zingwe zowonjezera zam'mawu zomwe zimakhala mchikomo chofewa. Amathandizira amphongo kupanga mawu ocheperako, osamveka kwambiri pakubala.
Maso a Koala
Poyerekeza ndi zinyama zina, koalas imakhala ndi ubongo wocheperako pang'ono kuposa kulemera kwa thupi. Amati ndi kukula kwa mtedza. Ndipo ma hemisphe ake ndi osalala, opanda girus. Izi mwina ndizolowera kukhala moyo wokhalitsa, chifukwa ubongo umawononga mphamvu zambiri.
Kulankhulana
Koalas amatengedwa ngati nyama yosatetezeka kwambiri komanso yopanda vuto padziko lapansi. Samazunza aliyense ndipo sakudziwa momwe angadzitetezere. Ngati awapweteketsa, atha, kuthawa, kumenyanso ndikuluma, ndiye kuti sangachite.
Koma nyama iyi ikhoza kulira. Ndipo amatha kulira bola ululu umamupangitsa kuti asokonezeke. A koala amalira ngati mwana - mofuula, ndikunjenjemera ndi kuwawa. Phokoso lomweli limayimiranso kukhalapo kwa ngozi.
Koalas sakhala chete. Popeza amakhala kutali kwambiri wina ndi mnzake, kuti athe kulankhulana ndi mtundu wawo amagwiritsa ntchito mawu osiyanasiyana.
Kuti awonetse chikhalidwe chawo komanso matupi awo, amunawo amadandaula m'njira yodziwikiratu, kuti adziwe amene ali wozizira (sadzawononga mphamvu ndi mphamvu pakulimbana, ndipo ngati izi zichitika, ndizosowa). Akazi amalira pafupipafupi, koma nthawi zina amatha kufotokozera zaukali, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mawuwa pofotokozera za kugonana. Koma amayi ndi ana awo samangula - amapanga phokoso, chete, kumakumbukirabe (kuti "lankhulane wina ndi mnzake") kapena kubuula (ngati alibe kusangalala kapena kukwiya ndi zinazake).
Kodi koala amakhala kuti?
Koala amakhala ku Australia. Tsopano akukhala ku Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria ndi South Australia. Koma sizinali choncho nthawi zonse. Koala ankakhala kum'mwera kwa Australia, koma kenako anawonongedwa. Ku Western Australia, kuchuluka zachilengedwe zachilengedwe sizinasungidwe, ngakhale kuti Quaternary imawonetsa kuti idalipo.
Dera la koalas. Wolemba: SieBot
Ku Queensland, zotsalira za chimphona chachikulu cha koala zidapezeka m'zinthu zakale (Koalemus), yomwe imalemera theka la toni, i.e. Nthawi 28 kuposa nyama zamakono. Komabe, chimphona ichi si kholo la zinthu zamoyo. C. Barrett analemba mwandakatulo ndi koala uyu kuti, malinga ndi fuko la Turrava, anali driver wolimba mtima wa pie yemwe adabweretsa makolo a fuko lino ku Australia.
Azungu atafika kumtunda, koala amakhala kumadera akum'mawa ndi kum'mwera kwa Australia, komanso kumadera ena okhala ndi mvula yokwanira. Kwa zaka 50 kuyambira pomwe zidatulukira, zidangopezeka ku New South Wales. Mu 1855 wazachilengedwe W. Blandowski anakumana naye ku Victoria. A mu 1923 . O. Tomasi adamupeza kumwera chakum'mawa kwa Queensland.
Koala pachakudya
Panthawi yobwezeretsa nyama, koala idabwera kumadzulo kwa Australia, komanso kuzilumba zingapo zam'mphepete mwa Queensland ndi pafupi. Kangaroo. Chiwerengero cha Magnetic Island chimadziwika kuti ndi malo okhala kumpoto kwambiri kwa koalas.
M'malo mwake, koala amalekerera pazikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana. Mtundu wake ndi waukulu. Chimakhala m'nkhalango zamapiri kumwera, minda yamphesa kumpoto kwa Australia, malo okhala zipululu kumadzulo, komanso nkhalango zonyowa.
Mbiri ya Koala
Kwa banja Phascolarctos kuyang'ana kwamakono Phascolarctos cinereus. Genome ya koala idakonzedwa mu 2018. Asayansi akhala akuchita izi kwa zaka 5. Kafukufuku wamtunduwu waulula kusiyana pakati pa magulu akumpoto, chakumadzulo, ndi kumwera kwa mtundu wa koalas. Koma pomwe sanapatsidwe mwalamulo.
Mitunduyi imatchulidwa motere:
- Queensland Koala ( c. adustus, Thomas 1923),
- New South Wales Koala ( c. cinereus, Goldfuss 1817),
- Victorian Koala ( c. wopambana , Troughton 1935).
Zakudya za Koalas, kapena chifukwa chake koalas samasungidwa kumalo osungirako nyama
Zakudya za Koala ndizopadera kwambiri. Chilombo chachikulu chimangodya masamba ndi mphukira za mitengo ya bulugamu, motero zipatso zake zimapangidwa bwino kwambiri. Koma nthawi zina zimapezeka pamitengo yamtundu wina, monga mthethe, Allocasuarina, Khalid, Leptospermum ndi Melaleuca. Kubaya masamba owala a masamba a koala kumathandizira mabakiteriya omwe amakhala m'matumbo ake. Mwana koala poyamba samangodya mkaka wa mayi.
Ndikovuta kudyetsa koala mu malo osungira nyama ngati kulibe mitengo yamtundu wina wapafupifupi pafupi.
Nthawi zambiri koala amakonda mphukira zazing'ono. Amaphwanya masamba ndi kutafuna, ndikusintha zochuluka m'matumba. Amadya masamba a mitundu ina yokha ya mitengo ya bulugamu. Ku New South Wales, masamba amtundu wa buluu ndi imvi amadyedwa nthawi zambiri, amakhala ndi mafuta apamwamba a bulugamu.
Wolemba E. Trafton Zakudya zomwe amakonda kwambiri a koala m'malo osiyanasiyana a Australia ndi Mitundu 12 ya mitengo ya bulugamu . S. Reid adadyetsa koalas ake ku Queensland Mitundu 18 yamitengo ya bulugamu . Masiku ano kudziwika Mitundu 30 ya bulugamu yemwe koala amadya . Zokonda zimaperekedwa kwa iwo omwe amakula bwino chinyezi komanso panthaka yachonde. Mitundu yomwe imakondedwa kwambiri ndi mitengo ya buluzi. E. microcorys, E. tereticornis, ndi E. camaldulensis, omwe pafupifupi amakhala 20% ya zakudya zawo.
Kwa tsiku, koala wamkulu amafunika kuchokera 500 g mpaka 1.1 kg masamba a buluzi. Chifukwa chochepa mphamvu yazakudya zawo, amafunika kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa chakudya patsiku. Amadya 4-6 pa tsiku (kapena, usiku). Ngakhale kuti ikudwala, nyamayo siikuyang'ana chomera ichi. Chifukwa chake, nyama zoyambirira kubweretsedwa ku malo osungira nyama zinali kufa ndi njala. Ndipo anthu sanamvetsetse momwe angadyetsere. A koala amatha kupwetekedwa ndi kachakudya kosayenera chifukwa cha zotsatira zabwino.
Kanema wa momwe a koalas amakhala kumalo osungira nyama ku China
Kudya masamba a buluzi ndizodabwitsa chifukwa nthawi zina amakhala ndi poizoni woopsa - hydrocyanic acid. Mwachitsanzo, mu mphukira za shuga bulugamu mu nthawi yophukira imakhala yokwanira kupha nkhosa yamphongo. Ngakhale ng'ombe zapoizoni. Ndizotheka kuti kufunikira posankha mtundu wa buluzi chifukwa choti koala amatha kuzindikira poizoni kapena kuwerengetsa momwe alili. Mwa izi amathandizidwa ndi malingaliro opanga bwino a fungo ndi ziwalo za kukoma. Mpweya wochepa m'thupi la koala samatulutsa chiwindi.
Masamba a Eucalyptus ali ndi nayitrogeni pang'ono ndi phosphorous, tinthu tambiri tating'onoting'ono, tinthu tambiri todontha komanso terpenes. Chifukwa cha zakudya zochepa zotere, koala amagona tsiku lonse. Kusinthidwa kuzakudya zotere ndi kagayidwe ka nyama. Kuthamanga kwake mu koalas ndikokwera kwambiri kuposa malo okhala ndi ma slat, koma otsika kwambiri kuposa zolengedwa zina zazikazi. Kuti apange kusowa kwa kufufuza zinthu, koalas nthawi zina amadya lapansi.
Koala pamalo othirira
Ngakhale kuti liwu loti "koala" lidamasuliridwa kuchokera ku chilankhulo kuti "osamwa," nyama izi zimamwa madzi. Akazi nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi madzi okwanira omwe amapezeka kuchokera masamba ndi mame pa iwo. Kuphatikiza apo, amamwa kokha nthawi yotentha komanso nthawi ya matenda. Amuna akuluakulu amayenera kupanga kusowa kwa madzi ndikupeza pansi kapena m'maenje a mitengo. Chifukwa cha chilala chadzaoneni komanso kutentha, amabwera kwa anthu kudzatunga madzi, ndipo nthawi zambiri amamira m'madziwe, osadziwa kutuluka nawo.
Khalidwe la Koala komanso chikhalidwe chake
Koala amakhala ndi moyo wachisangalalo, samanga nyumba zogona, amakhala nthawi yonseyo pazikongoletso za mitengo ya buluzi. Amagona kwambiri masana (80%, i.e. maola 20), amadya zosakwana 10%, ndipo nthawi yonse imangokhala. Amakhala moyo wokhalitsa. Ubweya wonyowa komanso chovala cha cartilaginous kumapeto kwa msana zimamuthandiza kukhala nthawi yayitali pa foloko yanthambi.
Ngakhale atagona, koala amakhala osasunthika pamtengo, ndikulunga nthambi kapena thunthu ndi mbali zake zakutsogolo, ndikuyang'ana pozungulira. Zovala zamphamvu zimamupangira kuti azilumikizidwa. Nthawi zambiri, amayenda pang'onopang'ono, akupulumutsa mphamvu. Nthawi zambiri amakhala chete, amangoyankhula ngati pachitika ngozi. Koala wamantha kapena wovulala amalira ndikulira ngati mwana.
Koala ndi nyama yokhazikika. Munthu aliyense ali ndi chiwembu chake chamoyo. Kwa amuna malo awa ndi gawo 1.5 ha, kwa akazi 0.5-1 ha. M'malo okhala chipululu, malo achimuna amatha kufikira ha 100 kapena kuposerapo.
M'masiku otentha kwambiri, koala amatha kupita kumalo ozizira kwambiri amtengowo. Nyamayi ikukhomerera mtengo kuti igwetse kutentha kwa makungwa ndikuthawa kuti isamatenthe kwambiri. Pa masiku ofunda, amatha kupuma, atatsamira nthambi yake, atagona pamimba pake kapena kumbuyo kwake, atapachika miyendo yake. Munthawi yozizira, yonyowa, imapinda mu mpira wolimba kuti ipulumutse mphamvu. M'masiku ovuta, koala amapeza nthambi yotsika komanso yolimba yomwe amatha kupuma.
Nyamayo imatsikira pansi kuti ingosunthira kumtengo wina. Amuna pakubala kwa chilimwe usiku amayenda kudera lalikulu. Nyama modabwitsa zimadumphadumpha kuchoka pamtengo wina kupita ku umzake. Ndipo poyenda pansi, amatha kuthawa mwachangu wothamangitsa. Amatha kusambira.
Ndi bwino kuti agone
A Koalas amayesa kupewa kulankhulana nthawi zonse; samatha mphindi 15 patsiku polankhulana. Ngati munthu wina afika wamkazi ndi mwana, amakhala wankhanza kwambiri. Pakadali pano, chachikazi ndizowopsa kwa anthu.
Amuna amamenya, kumenya ndikuluma akakumana. Wamphongo wamwamuna wamkulu amathamangitsa yaying'ono pamtengo, kuyiyendetsa pakona ndikuluma pamapewa ake. Amphongo amadzaza mitengo yawo ndi mkodzo komanso chinsinsi cha zodutsa m'mimba. Chifukwa chake, asanakwere buluzi watsopano, nyama imangotuluka pansi pamtengo.
Madera okuta amuna okha ndi alpha ndi kubereketsa akazi. Pa nthawi yakubereka, yamphongo ndi abusa ake amakhala pamodzi kwakanthawi. Ndi wamkazi yekha amene amatenga nawo mbali polera ndi kusamalira ana. Mutha kukumana ndi anthu angapo ochokera kubanja limodzi: atha kukhala mayi ndi mwana wake, popeza amuna amakhala ndi amayi awo mpaka zaka zitatu.
Kodi koala ali ndi zaka zingati?
Moyo wamba wa koala mu vivo ndi Zaka 12 mpaka 13 . Ngakhale pali zochitika pomwe adakhala nthawi yayitali:
- kale Zaka 18 zakubadwa malinga ndi A. Skollan,
- kale Zaka 20 malinga ndi N. Burnett.
Paukapolo, nthawi yayitali kwambiri ya koala inali Zaka 22.1.
Akazi amakhala motalikirapo. Amuna amakhala ndi moyo wowopsa, amafa pafupipafupi. Koala, makamaka wamphongo wopanda nzeru komanso wachinyamata, amatha kufa kuchokera pamtengo pomenya nkhondo ndi munthu wodziwa zambiri. Nthawi zina ana, omwe amaponyedwa kumbuyo kwa mayi ndi chibwenzi chokwiyitsa chamanthu, nawonso amafa.
Koalas amafa chifukwa chamoto nthawi zambiri m'nkhalango za eucalyptus. Zimayenda pang'onopang'ono ndipo pamoto nthawi zambiri kumabisala pamtengo, pomwe zimafa.
Kodi koala akudwala ndi chiyani?
Koala amadwaladwala. Cystitis, sinusitis, conjunctivitis ndi matenda ofala a koala. Sinusitis nthawi zambiri imayambitsa chibayo, makamaka nyengo yozizira. Mavuto a sinusitis amatsogolera pakuphedwa kwa koalas ambiri. Pachifukwa ichi, nyama zambiri zidafa 1887-1889 ndi 1900-1903 zaka
Chaposachedwa, madera ena a koala agundidwa kwambiri ndi matenda opatsirana, makamaka chlamydia. Chlamydia wa koalas amasiyana ndi mawonekedwe amunthu, amatha kubweretsa khungu komanso kusabereka. Kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti osachepera 50% ya anthu omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka chlamydia ndi retrovirus, omwe amachepetsa chitetezo chazinyama.
Kodi mtundu wa koala umaswana bwanji?
Koala amaswana kamodzi kamodzi mpaka zaka ziwiri. Amuna nthawi zambiri amakhala ocheperako ndipo amakhala ndi akazi angapo osakhalitsa (mpaka asanu). Kulira kotsika komanso kokweza kwamphongo kwamphongo kumalongosoledwa ndi A. Skollan. Amayankhula zowopsa za alendo obwera kumene omwe amamva phokoso usiku, ndiye
"Mtanda pakati pa kubowola kwa woledzera wonenepa, kutsekeka kwa khomo kumenyedwe kokhathamira, ndi kubuula kwa chinthu cha nkhumba chosasangalatsa. Komabe, kwa makutu a munthu wina ndi nyimbo yabwino, chifukwa ndi nyimbo ya chikondi cha koala. ”
Nthawi yakukhwima kwa koalas imayamba mu Seputembara. Amphongo amayamba kubangula kwambiri ndikugudubuza mitengo ya m'dera lawo ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono tambiri, tokhala ndi chinsinsi cha fungo labwino. Akazi amasankha wokwatirana naye malinga ndi kulira kwawo, mphamvu ndi kukula kwake. Mwana wamwamuna wamkulu komanso wamphamvu, amakhala ndi tsitsi lalitali. Nthawi zina amuna amakakamira akazi mwamphamvu, kuti aziwathamangitsa kumtengo. Nthawi yomweyo, samvetsetsa ngati kukutentha kapena ayi, ndipo amawukira ngakhale mayi ndi mwana wake.
Akazi amatha kufuula ndikulimbana ndi mafani, koma azimvera amuna amphamvu. Amphongo amene akazi amasiyidwa.
Amuna enanso amalumikizana kulira, ndipo ndewu pakati pawo zimayamba. Akazi amatha kuwasanthula ndikusankha mwamphamvu kwambiri. Amuna achikulire amadziunjikira zipsera ndi kukanda paziwalo za matupi awo: pamphuno, matope.
Kukalamba kumachitika pamtengo, kumatha kuposa mphindi zitatu.
Chikwama chachikazi chimatseguka kumbuyo ndikukhala ndi zimpso. Mimba imatenga masiku 25-35. M'nyengo yachilimwe (Novembala mpaka Marichi) mwana mmodzi adzabadwa, kawirikawiri mapasa amabadwa. Pobadwa, ana ake amakhala a 15-18 mm kutalika kwake ndipo amalemera pafupifupi 0,5. Monga kangaroo, imadziwombera thumba la mayiyo. Imapachikika, kuyamwa ndi nipple. Mosiyana ndi anthu ena okhala nawo, koala wachikazi samatsuka chikwama chake.
Makanda amasiya kudya mkaka wa m'mawere miyezi 6 yokha. Pakadali pano, tsitsi lawo limapangidwa kale bwino, ndipo limafikira masentimita 18. Mwana akamaliza kuyamwa kuchoka mkaka wa mayi, amalandila chakudya chodabwitsa kuchokera kwa iwo: masamba obisika a bulugamu wokhala ndi mabacteria ofunikira pamoyo wake wamtsogolo.
“Zikuwoneka kuti kamodzi patsiku, kuyambira maola khumi ndi awiri mpaka awiri masana, kuchokera kubowo lomwe lili pakamwa, mkaziyo amatulutsa masamba obiriwira omwe amasulidwa pang'ono m'mimba. Mwanayo amatulutsa chisagwe muchikwama ndikunyambita. Chikwama cham'mbuyo chotseguka chimamupangitsa kukhala kosavuta. Koma nthawi yonseyi (kupatula maola awiri patsiku!), Matumbo a mkaziyo koala, atatsanulidwa, samataya osakaniza, koma zinyalala wamba ”I. Akimushkin.
Ali ndi miyezi isanu ndi itatu, khanda limasiya chikwama cha amayi ndikuyenda kumbuyo kwake.Amayi ndi ana amalankhula ndikumabisalira kapena kumveka phokoso, lofanana ndi kung'ung'udza kwa munthu. Wamkazi amavala modekha ndi kusamalira khandalo, amadzilimbitsa yekha atagona kapena kugundika.
Mwana amagona koyipa ngati palibe amayi pafupi. E. Trafton adalankhula za koala yaying'ono wogwidwa, yemwe "ankalira" usiku uliwonse, mpaka atapangidwa pilo wopangidwa kuchokera pakhungu la koala. Ndi pokhapokha pomwe adatsitsa ndikuvomereza kuti akhale yekha usiku. (Anthu okoma mtima kwambiri!). Nyama yomweyo paulendo wawutali unkakonda kugona m'manja mwa chidole chachikulu koala.
Akazi achichepere azaka zapakati pa 12-18 miyezi atumizidwa kuti akafunefune okha. Amuna amakhala ndi amayi awo mpaka zaka 2-3. Mayiyo amayamba kuchitira nkhanza mbadwo womwe ukukula pamene ukhale ndi chatsopano.
Kukula mwakugonana mwa mkazi kumayambira zaka 2-3, abambo samakwatirana mpaka zaka 4 chifukwa mpikisano wachikazi umafunikira zazikulu zazikulu.
Zambiri zosangalatsa za koalas
- Malinga ndi malamulowa, koala sangathe kusungidwa ngati chiweto kudziko lililonse padziko lapansi. Kunja kwa Australia, nyamayo imangokhala ku San Diego Zoo (California, USA). Pamenepo, mitengo yake ya buluzi yomwe ankakonda kwambiri idamupangira iye.
- Mu Chirasha, mawu oti "koala" ndi amtundu wamba, amathanso kutengera kapena kusakonda. Zolondola chimodzimodzi ndi mawu oti "moyo wa koala" ndi "moyo wa koala", "koala wafika" ndi "koala wafika".
- Koala amatha kusintha "mawonekedwe". Nyama ikalira, ikulira, imasuntha pakamwa pake ndikuwongolera makutu ake. Pakufuula, milomo imakokedwa mkati ndipo makutu amakokedwa. Akazi amatambasulira milomo yawo kutsogolo ndikukweza makutu awo pamene yayandikira.
- Koala ndiye chizindikiro choimira boma la Australia ku Queensland.
- Asayansi aku Australia aphunzira momwe angawerengere bwino kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa mitundu ya koala ogwiritsa ntchito maikuloputopu okhala ndi kamera yoyipa. Drone amawona nyama ngakhale kudzera masamba owondera.
- Gulu la asayansi ochokera m'mabungwe angapo apamwamba a maphunziro aku Australia afunsira njira ina yosayembekezeka yowonjezera kuchuluka kwa koalas omwe ali pangozi. Akatswiri akuti kuphatikizika kwa fecal kudzasintha microflora yamatumbo a nyama ndikukulitsa kudya kwawo.
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Amalira mu nyengo yakukhwima
Nthawi yakukhwima ikayamba, anyamatawa amapereka mawu opembedzera kwambiri kotero kuti amamveka kwa kilomita. Ndizosangalatsa kuti mkokosowu ndi wokwera kwambiri komanso nthawi yomweyo pamtunda wocheperako, zomwe sizingapangidwe kwa nyama zazing'ono kukula kwa koala. Amatha kuzilengeza kokha mothandizidwa ndi zingwe za mawu zomwe zimakhala kuseri kwa larynx.
Mkaziyo amadzisankhira mkwatibwi, kutengera zomwe amalira (mwanjira iliyonse, zokonda zimaperekedwa kwa anthu akuluakulu). Ngakhale kuti nyimbo zachimuna zimatikumbutsa za phokoso la chidakwa, kupsa mtima kwa nkhumba kapena chizimba cha mafiyuni oyimbidwa, zachikazi ngati izi zimamveka kwambiri ndikukopa.
Kulira kwa koala ndikosavuta, ndipo adzatola akwatibwi ambiri, chifukwa pali akazi ambiri kuposa amuna. Mu nyengo imodzi, wamwamuna mmodzi amatha kukhala ndi akazi pafupifupi asanu.
Chotuluka
A Koalas amaberekanso kamodzi kwa zaka ziwiri. Akazi amayamba banja ali ndi zaka ziwiri, amuna azaka zitatu kapena zinayi.
Amayi amanyamula mwana kuyambira masiku makumi atatu kudza makumi atatu ndi kasanu. Nthawi zambiri mwana m'modzi yekhayo amabadwa, mapasa ndi osowa kwambiri. Kutalika kwa koala kakang'ono kumachokera pa 15 mpaka 18 mm, kulemera - pafupifupi magalamu asanu, pomwe kulibe ubweya komanso khungu. Mwana akangobadwa, mwana amakwera m'thumba la amayi ake, pomwe amakhala miyezi isanu ndi umodzi yotsatira. Kuti mwana asadzipweteke yekha ndipo asathere, "khomo" la thumba silikhala kumtunda, ngati kangaroo, koma pansi.
Choyamba, amadya mkaka wa m'mawere. Pang'onopang'ono kuleka, kuphatikiza apo, chakudya chosinthika chimakhala choyambirira: mayiyo amapanga matumbo apadera m'njira yamadzimadzi a m'mimba a masamba a bulugamu. Mwana amafunikira chakudya chotere, chifukwa iyi ndi njira yokha yopezera microflora yomwe amafunikira, popeza pali mabakiteriya m'matumbo amayi omwe amathandiza thupi kuthana ndi chakudya chosagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mimba mwa mwana.
Zowona, kudya koteroko kumatenga nthawi yayitali, patatha mwezi umodzi ayamba kudya masamba awo, ndipo atakwanitsa miyezi isanu ndi iwiri amachoka pachikwama kupita kumbuyo kwa amayi ake. Pomaliza, a koala adakula akasiya mikono ya amayi ake pachaka. Koma sikuti aliyense amachoka: atsikana achichepere akapita kukadzifunira ziweto, amuna nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi amayi awo mpaka zaka zitatu.
Zoopsa
Nthawi zambiri, koala amakhala zaka zisanu ndi zitatu mpaka khumi ndi zitatu (ngakhale, ali muukapolo, pakhala zochitika pomwe nyama zimapulumuka mpaka makumi awiri). Chiwerengero chawo kwakanthawi (mpaka akuluakulu a ku Australia ataganizira zothetsa vutoli) chinali chikuchepa kwambiri. Ngati kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 20 kuchuluka kwa koalas anali anthu 10 miliyoni, ndiye kuti zana limodzi lokha ndi 100,000 okha, ambiri mwa iwo amakhala kumadera ena. Malinga ndi magwero osiyanasiyana, kuthengo, ndi 2 mpaka 8,000 okha omwe amakhala.
Koalas alibe adani m'chilengedwe - mwachiwonekere, nyamayi, yodzazidwa ndi fungo la bulugamu, imawopseza adani ake ndi fungo lake. Anthu okha ndi omwe amawadya, ndipo agalu amtchire olusa amatha kuukira nyama, koma izi sizimachitika kawirikawiri, chifukwa koalas samakonda kutsika ndipo agalu samadumphira pamitengo.
Posachedwa, nyamazo zinali zitatsala pang'ono kutha. Cholinga chachikulu ndi ntchito za anthu, komanso kuchuluka kwawo koopsa pamatenda osiyanasiyana.
Matenda
Koalas ndi nyama zowawa kwambiri - zikuwoneka kuti, zowonda zambiri zimakhudza. Amakonda kwambiri cystitis, periostitis ya chigaza, conjunctivitis. Sinusitis nthawi zambiri imayambitsa chibayo mwa iwo, omwe kumayambiriro kwa zaka zapitazi adachepetsa kwambiri kuchuluka kwa anthu.
Nyamazo zimaphedwa, ndipo tizilombo toyambitsa matenda Chlamydia Psittaci, yemwe amatchedwa "AIDS" wa koalas. Zimakhudza ureter ndi maso a nyama, ndipo ngati simungawathandize pakapita nthawi, matendawa amatsogolera ku kubereka, kenako kuona mavuto, ndipo pamapeto pake amafa.
Ogulitsa Fur
Ngakhale kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 20, kuchuluka kwa koalas (osaposa miliyoni) omwe adawonongedwa ndi ogulitsa ubweya, pambuyo pake padalibe nyama. Ndipo pokhapokha (mu 1927) boma la Australia linaletsa kugulitsa koalas, ndipo patatha zaka zitatu - kulowetsa zikopa zawo. Izi zidapangitsa kuti ziphuphu ziwonongedwe ndi koalas, ndipo kuchuluka kwawo kudayamba kuchuluka.
Kudula mitengo
Chifukwa cha kudula mitengo mwachisawawa, koalas amakakamizidwa kuti azipita kukasaka mitengo yatsopano, motero ayenera kutsika. Ndipo samazolowera kukhala padziko lapansi, chifukwa amasamukira kuno ndi zovuta, chifukwa chake amakhala wogwirika mosavuta.
Magalimoto
Pokhudzana ndi kudula mitengo mwachisawawa, koalas posaka nyumba yatsopano ikupezeka kwambiri panjira zawo. Magalimoto akuthamanga mothamanga kwambiri amawawopseza kwambiri, nyama zimasowa pogwira (omwe amatchedwa "koala syndrome" - amuna amatenga nazo izi) ndikuyimilira kapena kuyamba kuthamangira mumsewu. Malinga ndi ziwerengero, pafupifupi ma 200 koalas amapezeka pansi pa matayala agalimoto mwezi uliwonse - ndipo, mwatsoka, ambiri a iwo amafa nthawi imodzi.
Nthawi yomweyo, olamulira akuyesera kuti athetse vutoli m'njira yosangalatsa: amatambasula miyala yopanga pamwamba pa njanji, yomwe imalumikiza mitengo ya eucalyptus mbali iliyonse ya njanji. Akoalas adayamika lingaliro ili ndipo adalolera kudutsa msewu waulere.
Moto
Mitengo yomwe koalas imakonda kukhala ndi mafuta a eucalyptus, chifukwa chake moto umayaka kwambiri ndipo satha kuzimiririka kwanthawi yayitali. Moto udawonongeratu gulu limodzi la koalas.
Dziwe
Ambiri adzadabwa kudziwa kuchuluka kwa koalas kumwalira akagwera m'dziwe. Mosemphana ndi chikhulupiriro chofala chakuti samamwa chilichonse, amabwera kumadzi othirira, koma osatinso gwero lake, koma kapangidwe kakapangidwe ndi manja a anthu, omwe alibe miyambo yomwe imadziwika bwino ndi nyama. Ngakhale kuti amadziwa bwino kusambira, koalas nthawi zambiri amamira, otopa.
Kupulumutsa nyama
Ngati panali ntchito yopanda chitetezo yaoteteza zinyama, tikadadziwa za koala kuchokera pazowoneka zojambula zolemba zawo. Sanathe kungokankhira kupyola malamulo angapo kuteteza nyama izi, komanso kukopa olera omwe akufuna kupereka ndalama kuti apulumutse "teddy zimbalangondo."
Ku Australia, malo osungirako nyama ndi malo osungirako nyama adapangidwa, zipatala zapadera za nyama izi zidakonzedwa ndi zida zaposachedwa komanso ndi veterinarians oyenerera. Izi ndizochepa, koma zimathandiza - nyama pafupifupi 4,000 zimapulumutsidwa mchaka. Pafupifupi makumi awiri mwa nyama zomwe zimagwera m'manja mwa madokotala zimapulumuka.
Moyo wokhala mu ukapolo
Monga tanenera kale, koalas ambiri amakhala m'malo omwe eni ake alibe chilichonse chotsutsana ndi malo oyandikana nawo. Anthu nthawi zambiri amakopeka ndi mawonekedwe a nyama zokongola izi, zofanana ndi zimbalangondo, ndipo zimazisintha. Koalas, ngakhale amakonda okha, amakhala ochezeka kwambiri. Amayamba kulumikizana mwachangu, ndipo ngati munthu amene amamuzolowera achoka penapake, nyamayo ikalira. Mukazisokoneza kwambiri, koalas amatha kuyamba kudziteteza ndi mano ndi misomali.
Kusunga koala kunyumba sikophweka - iwo omwe akufuna kuti apeze nyama iyi tsiku lililonse adzafunikira kuti apatsidwe masamba osachepera kilogalamu imodzi ya masamba owoneka bwino patsiku, zomwe ndizovuta. Mwachitsanzo, ku Russia, mitengo iyi imangokulira ku Sochi, koma mtundu wa bulugamuwu siuli woyenera koalas.