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Amatha kukhala nthawi yayitali m'madzi ozizira, koma amafunika chisamaliro chabwino. Nsomba zazinkhanira zimafunikira malo owerengeka oyera okhala ndi miyala yosiyidwa bwino komanso malo okhala ndi miyala. Kukula zachilendo ndipo chitukuko, aliyense khansa oposa 5 cm yaitali, payenera kukhala osachepera malita 20 a madzi. Malingaliro oti nkhanu zonse zokongoletsera zimachokera kumalo otentha ndi zolakwika. Ambiri aiwo amakhala m'madambo okhaokha, amakonda kuzizira ndipo amazolowera kusintha kwa nyengo.

Choncho, pamene kugwira mbuli kuti kusunga anayamba ndi kuswana, munthu ayenera kuganiza kuti nyama siziyenera asungike ku kutentha yomweyo chaka chonse. Koma nyama zolimidwa, zomwe m'mibadwo yambiri zakhala zikugulitsidwa m'madzi am'madzi, pakupita nthawi zimataya mtima ndi mitsempha yachilengedwe komanso kubereka popanda mavuto ngakhale kutentha kwamphamvu nthawi zonse.

Kukongoletsa utoto makamaka chifukwa carotenoids, makamaka astaxanthin. Kuphatikiza ndi mapuloteni, amapanga utoto wamtambo wakuda ndi wonyezimira. Kutentha kwambiri, makina awa amawonongeka, ndipo astaxanthin imatulutsidwa m'njira yake yaulere, yowonetsa mtundu wake woyamba wofiira. Choncho, yophika nsomba zazinkhanira, ngati nkhanu, kufiira.

Kwa unyinji wa crustaceans, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tisunge madzi. pH 6.5 mpaka 7.5. Monga ulamuliro, iwo sakhala mu madzi acidic. Satha kulekerera khansa ndikuwonjezera acidity, chifukwa mumadzi acid ndi calcium yochepa, yomwe ndiyofunikira kuti apange carapace. Zoti ma invertebrates awa ayenera kutenga zinthu zolimba kuchokera mmadzi kuti apange carapace yake imadziwunikira yokha. Mfundo ndondomeko izi likugwiritsidwanso ntchito pa madzi zofewa, koma koposa zonse mu madzi sing'anga molimba (carbonate kuuma 5 mpaka 10 ° dKH).

Zomera zam'madzi zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri m'madzi okhala ndi nsomba zazing'ono zam'madzi. Ngati mitengo yoyandama yokha, mbewu za moss ndi epiphytic, monga Javanese ferns, zibzalidwe, gawo loyambira limathandizanso. Koma ngati zomera mizu ndi anabzala mu Aquarium, ndiye ndi bwino kugula kutsukidwa bwino khwatsi miyala monga dothi. Zinyalala za pulasitiki zimatha kubweretsa mavuto. Nthawi ndi nthawi, nsomba zazinkhanira ndi mbewa zimafa m'malo am'madzi amtundu wokongola. zingayambitse ndi emollients kapena zinyalala zina. Aeration ikufunika mu aquarium. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuyeretsa ndi kusefa madzi mu aquarium.

Nkhanu mu madzi oyera Aquarium ali tcheru kwambiri zili zamkuwa, ammonia ndi ena ofanana (nitrites ndi ku feteleza). Kukhalapo kwa mkuwa kapena ammonia, komanso kukwaniritsidwa kwina kwa ma nitrites ndi nitrate, kumabweretsa kufa kwakukulu kwa khansa. Zinthu zina za mkuwa kapena nitrite mu aquarium, zomwe zimatha kupilira nsomba mosavuta, zimatha kupha khansa. Pakuti nkhanu ambiri, pamaso pa zinthu izi mu madzi a Aquarium ayenera kusanduka ziro.

Ngati kudzikundikira kwa ammonia m'madzi a aquarium kumakhala koyambirira komanso kufa kwina kwa crustaceans, ndiye kuti ma nitrites pang'onopang'ono, koma mosagwirizana angayambitse zolephera pakukwaniritsa magazi a invertebrates ndi mpweya. Hemocyanin ndiye amachititsa kuti ma molekyulu a oxygen atulungidwe m'thupi la invertebrate (lofanana ndi hemoglobin mu vertebrates). Pamene hemocyanin amalowa anachita ndi nitrites, mpweya ndondomeko kuwombola ndi akusokoneza, thupi la nkhanuzo adzasowe mpweya, chifukwa chimene iwo amafa mpweya njala. Nitrate zopangidwa kuchokera ku nitrites ndizoperewera kwambiri kwa zolengedwa zopanda moyo. Mayeso apadera amathandizira kuwongolera zomwe zili ammonia, nitrites ndi nitrate.

Nitrite Ndi chida chopangira zinthu zachilengedwe komanso zinthu zina monga nayitrogeni monga chakudya chotsalira komanso zofunikira za nsomba ndi ma invertebrates. M'madzi omwe “ali okhwima” kale, mabakiteriya ambiri amasintha nitrites kukhala nitrate otetezeka bwino, koma sizikhala choncho ku aquarium yatsopano. Pali mabakiteriya ochepa nitrification pano, choncho chigumukire ngati kudzikundikira nitrites amapezeka - otchedwa nitrite pachimake. Nitrites imaletsa njira zosinthanitsira mafuta m'magirini, makamaka, mu malo ocheperako a gill. Kudzera m'matumba, ma nitrites amalowa m'magazi a nsomba ndikutchinga hemoglobin, yomwe imayendetsa mpweya. kuwombola mpweya ndi akusokoneza, ndi imfa mwa suffocation amapezeka.

Khansa iliyonse imakhala "payokha": amakhala padera ndi abale ake, ngati amakumba dzenje, ndiye yekha, ngati athaŵira pathanthwe kapena pamisala, akaigwira ndikuyang'anira mwamphamvu, akuvumbulutsa zopindika zake. Nkhanu yodziwika ndi makhalidwe zovuta, ndi wotukuka kwambiri luso atengere chilengedwe.

Kugwedeza kwamadzi, chizimba chomvekera chimayambitsa kusintha kwakukhazikika kwa nsomba zazinkhanira: nyamayo imayima, imadzutsa tulo, imayang'ana tinyanga ndi tinyanga, imatsegula zikhadabo, ndikuyika malo osungira. Chisankho chomaliza ndichokhazikitsidwa ndi kuwunikira. Ngati pali chakudya chodalirika - kuukira, ndi mdani - athamangitsidwe wake, vuto - kupeŵa. Makamaka zimasonkhezera machitidwe amithunzi yoyenda. Mbawala zazinkhanira nthawi zambiri zimamuwona bwino ndipo nthawi yomweyo zimadzitchinjiriza, kenako zimayandama 5-10 m kulowa mumithunzi kapena malo owala.

Pamene kusunga madzi oyera nsomba zazinkhanira, ndikofunikira kuti akonze zone kwaokha iwo kuchokera zinthu zokongoletsera, monga ena toyesa azitengapo anatani misonkhano nthawi zonse ndi anthu ena Aquarium. Payenera kukhala malo obisalirako m'madzimo, momwe amuna nthawi zambiri amakhala. Anthu angapo akasungidwa limodzi, kusapezeka kwa malo okhala okwanira kumabweretsa zisokonezo. Pakuti nsomba zazinkhanira wamkulu, m'misasa kungakhale ceramic timachubu, zipolopolo kokonati, miphika maluwa, etc. zinthu zosiyanasiyana atagona pansi angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati m'misasa. Ngati izi sizisamalidwa, ndiye kuti nsomba zazinkhanira zomwe zimakumba mabowo pansi pa mwala, driftwood, kapena pansi pa mizu ya mbewu zazikulu. Nsomba zazinkhanira kukumba mabowo ndi miyendo yawo ndi mchira, ndikutsamira kumbuyo kwawoko.

Ndi bwino kuika chikuni choyandama mu Aquarium ndi. Kankhanira zazing'ono zimabisala m'nkhalango za zomera zazing'ono zamiyala. Akazi, mpaka atalemedwa ndi chisamaliro cha ana awo, pafupifupi nthawi zonse amakhala maso, ndikuyang'ana ngodya zonse za aquarium posaka chakudya. Ambiri mwa tsiku, m'chilimwe, za maola 12-14, madzi oyera nsomba zazinkhanira pochita kamakumba una kapena m'misasa ina. Khansa ndi nyama yoseketsa kwambiri. Ngakhale akuwoneka kuti sachepa, amayenda mosavuta miyendo yake isanu ndi itatu mpaka atapumira pa chopinga.

Pakuti nsomba zazinkhanira ndi zofunika kukonza kupeza pamwamba pa madzi, i.e. pangani izi kuti zizitha kukwera chilichonse (mbewu zazitali, mphete za m'madzi am'madzi, zidutswa za timiyala kapena zikwama, ndi zina) pamtunda - nsomba zazinkhanira nthawi zina zimakhala pamtunda kwa nthawi yayitali. Nsomba zonse zimakonda kusiya nsomba. Choncho, Aquarium ayenera yokutidwa ndi chivindikiro ndi mabowo kwa mawaya ndi hoses ayenera kotero Ndikuchepetsa kotero kuti palibe nyama achoka mwa iwo.

Khansa nthawi zambiri samayesa kuterera kuchokera mu madzi; imakhala pansi. Koma ngati madzi atha kapena mulibe mpweya wokwanira mkati mwake, ndiye kuti khansayo imayamba kufunafuna mwachidwi kupulumutsidwa pamtunda ndipo imatha kuthawa kuchokera ku aquarium. Pamene Aquarium ndi overpopulated ndi nsomba zazinkhanira kapena ndi chiwerengero osakwanira a m'misasa, iwonso kupanga ankafuna kutuluka, kuyesera kuti ndichokepo pa mokwiya achibale zikuluzikulu.

Masana, nsomba zazinkhanira nthawi zambiri zimabisala m'misasa mwawo, ndipo madzulo kumka kukafunafuna chakudya. Amadyetsa zakudya zamitundu yambiri, kotero kudyetsa iwo m'madzi sikovuta. Nthawi yapitayi ndalama tima mphamvu (kubereka, molting), kuchuluka kwa chakudya ankadya ukuwonjezeka, makamaka chifukwa kuwonjezeka mu zenizeni yokoka ya chigawo nyama.

Zakudya zatsiku ndi tsiku zamagulu olimbitsa thupi ndi zazing'ono kuposa akulu, amuna ndi akazi kuposa akazi. Pafupipafupi kudyetsa zachilengedwe mwa amuna ndi 1 nthawi 2 masiku, mwa akazi - 1 nthawi 3 masiku. nsomba zazinkhanira madzi oyera kudya zonse nyama ndi zomera chakudya, ndi zomera zimapanga mbali yaikulu chakudya yosiyanasiyana. Kuchuluka kwa mbewu kumatha kufikira 90 peresenti.

Ma Shellfish, mphutsi, tizilombo ndi mphutsi zawo, ma tadpole - ichi ndi nyama chakudya chachikulu, nsomba zazinkhanira kudya zomera, elodea, nettle, madzi kakombo, horsetail, ambiri algae zomera, ndi ngakhale kaloti zinthu yokumba. Mu aquarium, mutha kuwadyetsa ndi ma magazi, mungapatse nsomba zazing'ono kapena nyama (chinthu chachikulu sichinonenepa kwambiri), amadya zakudya zam'mera, nthawi zina amatha kudula mitengo ikuluikulu yazomera ndi ziphuphu zawo. Shrimps ndi crayfish ndizofunitsitsa kuzolowera zakudya zapadera. Izo, iwo kupeza zakudya zonse zofunika mawonekedwe kulimbikira. Amadya chilichonse chomwe amateur amadyetsa nsomba zake.

Mutha kudyetsa ana ndi zakudya zomwe zimapangidwa kale nsomba mwachangu, tinthu tating'onoting'ono, artemia. Young khansara mu Aquarium ndi opindulitsa kwambiri. Iye tsiku ndi tsiku, kapena m'malo mwake usiku, amasanthula mosamala ma aquarium onse ndipo amatola zinyalala zamitundu yonse. Decapod crustaceans amadyetsa gawo lapansi ndikudya detritus, ndiye kuti, osakaniza wazinthu zowonongeka za organic zomwe zimachitika palimodzi ndi mabakiteriya, bowa ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tomwe timagwira nawo ntchito.

A zabwino zachilengedwe wogwirizira akhoza kukhala masamba agwa. Mutha kuyika masamba owuma pamadzi. Palibe muyenera kuika masamba atsopano mu Aquarium, monga iwo kumasula poizoni. Zabwino koposa zonse - masamba obiri, a beech kapena alder.

Masamba oterewa ndi gwero la chakudya chofunikira kwa crustaceans, kuyeretsa dongosolo lawo logaya chakudya ndikuthandizira kuchotsa majeremusi. Kuwonjezera apo, kumasula wina kuchuluka kwa tannins ndi zidulo humic m'madzi, kupezeka kwa umene umapangitsa pa shrimp. M'malo mwa masamba a mitengo yoweta, mutha kugwiritsanso ntchito masamba a amondi aku India. Amangotukula madzi, komanso pamlingo wina amateteza anthu okhala m'madzi ku matenda. Popeza masamba mwadongosolo kudyedwa ndi nsomba zazinkhanira, patapita kanthawi iwo ayenera m'malo ndi atsopano. Samazunza aliyense ndipo amadya zomera ndi nyama zakufa, akusewera monga gulu la nkhokwe.

M'malo okhala ndi nsomba zazinkhanira, ndibwino kuti musabzale mbewu kuti musawonongeke. Aquarists mobwerezabwereza anakumana misa imfa ya nsomba zazinkhanira mutabzala latsopano, anagula zomera Aquarium mu Aquarium, makamaka Pet m'masitolo. Sikuti aliyense amadziwa kuti ogulitsa, pofuna kupewa kufalitsa majeremusi kapena tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ku mbeu, tithandizireni musanatumize tizirombo toyambitsa matenda ku aquarium shrimps ndi crayfish.

Satha kugwira nsomba zoyenda ngati ma barb, koma sizikhala zovuta kuti azidula zipsepse ngakhale ma scalars akulu. Kuopsa kwambiri likuoneka nsomba yaing'ono kuti tulo usiku, likumira pansi. Chifukwa chake, nsomba zomwe zimakhala m'munsi, pansi pamadzi mu aquarium, ndibwino kuti zisakhale ndi nsomba zazinkhanira. Ngati mukufuna kuphatikiza nsomba ndi nsomba zazinkhanira m'madzi amodzi, muyenera kusankha nsomba zazinkhanira kumawedza, osati nsomba, nsomba zamkhanu.

Nsomba zazinkhanira akhala chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yaitali. banja Procambarusamakhala ku USA, Mexico ndi ku maiko ena a Pacific. Wamba mtundu kwambiri wa gulu limeneli, Procambarus clarkii (Red Swamp Cancer). Mitundu yayikulu ya Procambarus nsomba zazinkhanira, mwatsoka, zimakhala ndi chikhalidwe chimodzi chodziwika bwino: zimakonda kudya zomera. Pali, ndithudi, makhalidwe payekha. Mwachitsanzo, khansa iliyonse payokha kwa nthawi yayitali sigwira mbewu zokhala ndi masamba olimba, koma posachedwa izifika.

M'masamba akuluakulu am'madzi, ogwirizana, ngakhale nsomba zazinkhanira zaku America Cambarus, wokhala ndi bata lokwanira ndi osowa kwambiri. Posachedwa, banja la asodzi aku North America lidayamba kuyenda. Orconectes ndi Cambarus. Mwapang'ono tikulankhula za mitundu yolimba kwambiri komanso yokongola.

Ndi nsomba za pansi, nsomba zazinkhanirazi, komabe, sizimakhala mwamtendere, chifukwa malowa ndi malo awo okhala. Onse nsomba zazinkhanira wamba Cherax Amakhala m'gulu la akhwangwala apakati komanso akulu. Izi sikuti zikutanthauza kuti ayenera m'chere zokhala m'malo owetera yaikulu. Komabe, amasangalala kukhala m'malo akulu ndi malo okhala. Chosangalatsa kwambiri kumadzi am'madzi ndimtundu wina wotchedwa blue crayfish kapena Cuba, adangobwera kumene chifukwa cha kutentha kwa malo am'mizinda, momwe amatha kubereka mwaulere.

Ndi bwino kunyamula amene nsomba zazinkhanira ndi mmodzi mu beseni mu njira youma. Njira yosinthira madzi amadzimadzi siovuta. Nyama yatsopano imangofunika kutulutsidwa m'madzi, ndikuonetsetsa kuti ndiyatsopano, kuti kutentha kwake kuli mu 20 digiri Celsius.

Aquarium nsomba zazinkhanira ngakhale ndi nsomba

Munthawi yonse yoonera nsomba zam'madzi, ndimakhulupirira kuti siziwopseza nsomba ndi mbewu. Nsomba zazinkhanira zam'madzi sizingafanane ndipo popanda zowonongeka zimadya mbewu, kunyamula nsomba zakufa ndikuwukira odwala, koma nsomba zazinkhanira za aquarium ndizotetezedwa kwa nsomba zopanda thanzi. Kamodzi Aquarium anga nsomba adadwala khalidwe lake anali aulesi ndipo iye anali kunadetsa pansi pa Aquarium, akupumula mimba yake pansi. Mbawala zazinkhanira zimazindikira bwino nsomba zodwala, zomwe zifa posachedwa.

Ngakhale khansa ya ku aquarium inali yaying'ono kwambiri kuposa nsomba yagolide, komabe adaikoka ndi mphamvu yake yonse mpaka kudzenje. Kukhala anakokera ya nsomba ndi mtunda mokwanira lalikulu, nsomba anatulutsa n'kupita kutali, ndi kukwawa anakwawa kubwerera ku izo, kutsomphola mchira chipsyepsye napita ku mink lapansi. Ndizosangalatsa kwambiri kuwona njira yofananira yopezera chakudya m'moyo wa nsomba zazinkhanira.

Muli ndi nsomba ziwiri kapena zitatu zam'madzi zam'madzi, mwachitsanzo, m'magulu am'madzi okwana zana sizingawononge chilengedwe, nsomba ndi mbewu, koma m'malo mwake, anu aquarium adzakhala osangalatsa komanso osangalatsa kwambiri. Choncho, ngati mwaganiza kumaonera chinachake chidwi mu Aquarium wanu, kupeza Aquarium nsomba zazinkhanira. Tsopano, tsopano tiyeni tikambirane mwatsatanetsatane zomwe zili m'madzi a nsomba za aquarium.

Pofuna kuti tisapange chisokonezo, ndikufuna kukumbutsanso kuti tikulankhula za mitundu ya nsomba zazinkhanira zam'madzi zomwe zimatha kukhala m'malo otentha pafupi ndi nsomba zam'malo otentha komanso mumikhalidwe yofananira, ndipo oimira nyumba ozizira osasinthidwa ndi mikhalidwe yotere.

Ndipo ngati muli ndi kuwerenga mitundu yonse ya nthano za nkhondo ya nsomba zazinkhanira pa nsomba, komanso wopanda chifundo kudya zomera Aquarium ndi oipa wa madzi, ndipo anaganiza kuyamba nsomba zazinkhanira mu Aquarium osiyana, ndiyeno kuchokera oyamba Choyamba, muyenera kusamalira kukhalapo kwa nthaka ndi zomera mu Aquarium izi. Voliyumu yoyesedwa ya aquarium imachokera ku 60 l, ndi malo akulu pansi, othandizira kusewera ndi kusefa madzi.

Kutalika kwa dothi ndi 6 cm, ndipo dothi lokha liyenera kukhala ndi timiyala ting'onoting'ono tosiyanasiyana kuchokera pa 3 mpaka 15 mm popeza nsomba za nsomba zam'madzi zimakhala m'misalo ndipo zidzakumba masamba awoawo ndikupanga matako, ndipo zomangamanga pazofunikira zotere ziyenera kukhala zosavuta komanso zosavuta zochotsa. Dothi loterolo litha kukhala labwino: mitsinje ndi nyanja zam'madzi, njerwa zofiira zophwanyidwa, dongo lophwanyika ndi lowira lomwe limakulitsidwa ndi madzi, nthaka yapadera yomwe idagulidwa, ndi zina zambiri.

Kupezeka mu aquarium wa cancers a mizu mbewu ndikofunikira kwambiri.Chowonadi ndi chakuti nsomba zazinkhanira zam'madzi zimamanga m'misasa pafupi ndi tchire, ndipo mizu imalepheretsa kuwonongeka kwa malo ogumuka ndipo malo omwe ali pafupi ndi nthenga za mbewu amatengedwa kuti ndiwo amphepo kwambiri. Ndi dothi laling'ono, kukhazikitsidwa kwa zida zomangira: mapaipi a ceramic, zipolopolo zochokera ku coconuts, etc. sizingaletse nsomba zazinkhanira kukumba mabowo, koma izi zikuchitika chifukwa cha mtima wodzipangira nokha nyumba.

Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti mu aquarium momwe nsomba zazinkhanira zimakhazikika nthawi zonse, ndipo palibe njira yopanda mbewu. Mitundu yokhala ndi njira yamahatchi amphamvu imakhala yoyenererana bwino monga mbewu: cryptocorynes, aponohetons, echinodorus, etc.

Ntchito yothandizidwa ndi kusefedwa kwa madzi zimatengera kuchuluka kwa m'madzi ndi kuchuluka kwa nsomba zazinkhanira. Kufikira pang'ono, zosefera zamkati zimagwiranso ntchito zojambula zakutizakuti ndipo, ngati vuto la bakiteriya limakonda kupezeka m'madzimo ndi makhansala, kupezeka kwa fyuluta mu aquarium kumakhala kopindulitsa.

Koma mulimonsemo, thanzi lamadzi ndi nsomba zazinkhanira zokha zimangotengera munthu. Nsomba za nsomba zam'madzi za nsomba za Aquarium komanso nsomba sizingathe kuthana. Nsomba zazinkhanira zimabisa chakudya chochuluka mosawerengeka momwe zimakhalako nthawi yayitali, zimayamba kuwola ndikuwononga madzi, komwe kumatha kubuka bakiteriya ndi kuwonongeka kwamadzi.

Ngati madzi am'madzi okhala ndi nsomba zazinkhanira adakali ndi mitambo ndipo palibe fungo labwino kuchokera pamenepo, madzi oterewa ayenera kusinthidwa posachedwa, ndipo mtsogolomo, muchepetse chakudya. Monga madzi atsopano, madzi otengedwa kuchokera ku malo abwinobwino okhala ndi madzi oyenerera bwino, madzi oterewa mu aquarium yokhala ndi nsomba zazinkhanira amayambiranso kubereka.

Mu aquarium momwe nsomba zazinkhanira zimakhala, ndikofunikira kutsitsimutsa madzi akale nthawi ndi nthawi. Kuti muchite izi, sabata lililonse la 3-4, madzi anayi kapena wachisanu ayenera kusinthidwa ndi madzi abwino. Izi ziyenera kuchitika. Kutsatira chilengedwe chosungira komwe nthawi ndi nthawi madzi amathamanga ndipo amakhudza bwino zinthu zonse zam'madzi ndizothandiza kwambiri komanso kofunikira chifukwa mukatsitsimutsa madzi amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa zinthu zoyipa, mwachitsanzo, nitrate ndikuwonjezera zomwe zili ndi okosijeni.

Ma hydrochemical magawo amadzi ndi machitidwe amitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nsomba zam'madzi ndizosiyana, chifukwa chake, posankha ndikugula nsomba zazinkhanira, ndikofunikira kusankha mtundu wamadzi amadzimadzi a hydrochemical, omwe, mwa magawo omwe adawalembera, adzakhala ofanana ndi magawo amadzi mu aquarium yanu.

Amakhulupirira kuti nsomba zam'madzi za aquarium sizimafunikira pamadzi opanga hydrochemical, chifukwa chake, palibe amene amatsatira kapena kutsatira mokhazikika, koma zokhazokha zamitundu yonse ya nsomba za aquarium: dH mpaka 20 °, pH 6.5-7.8, 18-18 ° C. Komabe, muyenera kudziwa kuti madzi ofewa kwambiri amatha kuthana ndi khansa pakasinthasintha ndikusintha kwa ziwalo za chitinous.

Nsomba zazinkhanira zam'madzi sizikufuna kuunikira, ndipo sizosadabwitsa chifukwa nsomba zazinkhanira zimagwira kwambiri usiku ndi usiku. Ziyenera kunenedwa kuti nsomba zam'madzi zamtchire ndi othawa enieni ndipo amatha kuthawa kuchokera ku aquarium nthawi iliyonse, ndipo kukhala ndi nsomba zazinkhanira kwa nthawi yayitali popanda madzi kumawatsogolera kuti afe. Chifukwa chake, nsomba ya m'madzi momwe asodzi amakhalamo iyenera kutsekedwa ndi chivindikiro kapena chivundikiro.

Zambiri pa nsomba zazinkhanira

Cancers ali mu dongosolo la arthropods ndipo akuphatikiza mitundu yoposa zana ya oimira banja. Koma mitundu yochepera yokha yomwe ndiyoyenera kusunga kunyumba.

Zizindikiro zapadera za khansa:

• chivundikiro cholimba, cholimba
• Magulu awiri ndi 19 miyendo.

Khansa imayenda mothandizidwa ndi "kuyenda" miyendo ndi zibwano. Izi ndizofunikira kuti iye azisaka ndi kusunga chakudya. Wopanga zithunzi amateteza torso. Masharubu omwe ali pamutu amagwira ntchito ngati chinthu chonyansa. Mchirawo umagawika m'magulu owoneka ngati petal omwe azunguliridwa kumapeto. Mbedza zamkati zikupuma zamtunduwu.

Ma Arthropod amasankha matupi amadzi oyera momwe mumapezeka malo omwe madziwo amakhala ndi mpweya wambiri. Nsomba zazinkhanira usikukugwiritsa ntchito zakudya zam'mera kapena nyama.

Mtundu wachilengedwe wa crustaceans ndi wobiriwira wakuda. M'mizinda yamadzimadzi, zokongoletsera zokongola za maluwa oyera, ofiira, amtambo amtambo ndi mithunzi yawo, osapitilira 15 15 cm, amatalika. Palinso oyimira ang'onoang'ono amtunduwu, kutalika kwake kosaposa 4-5 cm.

Aquarium molting

Kukula kwa nsomba za aquarium kumachitika pakati pa ma moults. Amakhulupirira kuti nsomba zazinkhanira mchaka choyamba cha moyo zimatsitsidwa mpaka kasanu ndi kamodzi, wachiwiri, mpaka 5, ndiye - 1-2 nthawi pachaka. Molting, komanso ofowoka omwe ali ndi thupi lofewa komanso losatetezeka, amafunika malo ogona (machubu achilengedwe ndi pulasitiki, kumira, ndi zina) komwe iwo, pobisala kwa adani, ayenera kukhala mpaka chipolopolo chatsopano chikapangidwa. Mbedza zatsopano za carapace zimamera mwachangu kuyambira masiku awiri mpaka 10.

Ndikotheka kudziwa kusuntha kwa nsomba zazinkhanira (nthawi zambiri m'masiku 2-3) mwa kuwakana chakudya ndikumayang'ana mayendedwe am'mbuyo, ndikupitilira kale molting kuti chigobacho chichotsedwe, ndipo njira yochotsa chigobacho imangokhala mphindi zochepa. M'mawonekedwe, chipolalachi ndichopepuka, chimakhala cholimba komanso chimabwereza mawonekedwe a khansa.

Ndinkayenera kuwona kusungunuka kwa nsomba za ku aquarium kangapo, koma njira yake yosungunuka, ndiye kuti, kuchotsa kwamimba ndi khansa, sindinawone mwachidziwikire kuti nsomba zazinkhanira nthawi zonse zimasungunuka usiku. Kuti apange chipolopolo chatsopano, pamafunika calcium yambiri. Usodzi wa nsomba ndi chakudya umabwezeretsa calcium m'thupi. Amakhulupilira kuti carapace yakale imakhala ndi calcium yambiri komanso makhansa omwe ali ndi calcium omwe amakhala ndi calcium.

Pachifukwa ichi, akatswiri ena am'madzi samachotsa chipolopolo ku aquarium. Komanso, kuti abwezenso calcium m'thupi, piritsi lokhala ndi calcium nthawi zina limayikidwa mu aquarium, ndipo tchizi chowala chimaphatikizidwa muzakudya. Ndinkasunga nsomba zazitali zam'madzi, kusungunula nthawi zonse kumachitika popanda mavuto ndipo sanakumanepo ndi calcium.

Kusamalira ndi kukonza

Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti mutenge achinyamata, chifukwa ndiosavuta kulolera mayendedwe komanso kusintha machitidwe atsopano. Nyamayo imanyamulidwa mumtsuko wamdima wa opaque, kuyang'ana kutentha kwa madzi (kusiyana kwa kutentha mu thanki yoyendera ndi aquarium sikuyenera kupitirira 3-5 ° C).

Nyumba yabwino kwambiri yokhala ndi ma crustaceans ndi malo am'madzi. Koma posapatsidwa mwayi wotere, aquarium wamba angachite. Kufunika kosamba mlengalenga kwa asodzi okongoletsa kwambiri kumakokometsedwa kwambiri. Chophimba chiyenera kuyikidwa pamwamba pa aquarium (ndi mipata yofalikira kwa mpweya), chifukwa chosokoneza chilichonse chingapangitse kuti nsomba zazinkhanira zichokere pamalo omwe zimakhala. Ndipo amathawa mwaluso.

Kusunga ndi kusamalira nsomba zazinkhanira zam'madzi ndikosavuta. Ndikokwanira kuwapatsa malo okhala abwino komanso kudya pafupipafupi.

Kudulira

Mbedza zamkati zimabisalira mabowo omwe amakumbamo. Chifukwa chake, dothi liyenera kukhala lolimba, losachepera 6-7 masentimita. Kuti zitha kukhala zosavuta kuti ziweto zizikumba malo okhala, dothi limasankhidwa mofewa komanso lotayirira, koma laling'ono, lokhala ndi timiyala ta 315 mm.

Zipangizo zoyenera zomangira:

• nsapato
• tchipisi ta njerwa
• dongo lokutidwa ndi madzi.

Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito filimu yokonzedwa yopangidwa kale.

Zomera

Ngakhale pali zida zapadera zogona (pitchic zoumba, ma nutshells, zidutswa zamiphika zadongo), nsomba zazinkhanira mwachilengedwe zimakumba ma mbewa, ndikusankha malo okhala ndi masamba owuma. Nthawi yomweyo, mbewu zofewa sizikhala ndi moyo, chifukwa zimawonongedwa mopanda nzeru ndi ma arthropods. Chifukwa chake, pakapangidwe kamadzi am'madzi, masamba osanjika zolimba kapena tchire lakuthira amasankhidwa.

Kuti mukhale ndi nsomba zazinkhanira zosungira, ndikofunikira kuti pakhale zotsalira.

Chomera choyenera kwambiri chamadzimadzi cha crustaceans chidzakhala ma cryptocorins, apono-helines, echinodorous, ferns. Mizu yokhazikitsidwa ngati zitsambazi imatha kuteteza kugunda kwa mabowo.

Kuwala

Kuwala sikugwira ntchito yayikulu pakupanga kakhwalala, chifukwa nsomba zazinkhanira zimagwira ntchito yamadzulo komanso usiku. Kuwala kumbuyo kuyenera kukhala kochepa. Ngati kuunikira kowoneka bwino m'madzi kumafunikira kwa nsomba zapafupi, ndiye kuti mbewu zoyandama zimayikidwa pansi pamadzi kuti zizimitsa pansi.

Ma hydrochemical magawo

Makamaka chidwi chake chikuyenera kulipira mtundu wa madzi omwe amafunikira kuti asungire nsomba zazinkhanira. Kuti mukhale ndi moyo wabwino wa munthu m'modzi kuyeza masentimita 5, pamafunika malita 15 mpaka 20 a madzi.

Madzi amafunika kusinthidwa pafupipafupi. Izi zimachitika kawiri mpaka katatu pamwezi pochotsa gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a madzi akale ndikubayira mwatsopano. Ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito siphon.

Kukonzanso kwamadzi ndikofunikira kukonza magawo amadzimadzi komanso kupewa matenda. Mukasintha madzi, kuchuluka kwa zinthu zoyipa zomwe zimawononga thanzi la arthropods kumachepetsedwa.

Musanasankhe magawo am'madzi oyenera, muyenera kuzolowera mawonekedwe a osankhidwa, chifukwa mawonekedwe amadzimadzi amadzimadzi osiyanasiyana amasiyana.

Tebulo lomwe lili pansipa likuwonetsa magawo am'madzi amitundu ina ya nsomba zamakhwalala:

Chidwi chachikulu chiyenera kulipira kuuma kwa madzi, chifukwa Madzi ofewa kwambiri amafewetsa chipolopolo ndipo amatsogolera kuti afe a crustaceans.

Nsomba zazinkhanira zimakonda madzi a oxygen. Vutoli limathetsedwa ndi kusefera ndi kuchulukitsa. Mphamvu ya zosefera zimatengera kukula kwa Aquarium ndi kuchuluka kwa anthu. Nthawi yomweyo, tikulimbikitsidwa kukhazikitsa zosefera zamkati, popeza nsomba zazinkhanira zimakwera m'mwamba pogwiritsa ntchito zida zakunja, kuyesera kusiya thankiyo.

Kulephera kusefedwa kapena kusinthitsa madzi mosayembekezereka kungayambitse matenda oyambitsidwa ndi bakiteriya.

Apurikoti

Khansara wokongola wokongola waku New Guinea. Amakhala ndi moyo wobisalira, kotero adapezeka mu 2006. Kukula kwake sikuposa masentimita 10-12. crustaceans yamadzi amtunduwu imatha kukhala yamitundu yosiyanasiyana.

Msambo waku America

Mtunduwu umachokera ku USA ndi Mexico. Akuluakulu amafika pamtunda wa masentimita 15. Mtundu wodziwika bwino wamtunduwu ndimmimba wokhala ndi mikwingwirima yofiira ndi msana wakuda bii wokhala ndi madontho ofiira. Komanso mu mitunduyi mulinso mitundu ina. Amuna amtunduwu sangathe kusungidwa limodzi, popeza ndiwankhanza kwambiri.

Kuyanjana ndi anthu ena

Nthawi zambiri pamachitika mpikisano pakati pa khansa ndi mphiri, zomwe zimapanganso moyo wotsika. Ndipo popanda kutayika, ayenera kutero.

Mitundu yonse ya nsomba zam'madzi zam'madzi ndizowopsa kwa nsomba zomwe zimakhala ndi michira yayitali ndi zipsepse. Amangodula chuma chawo ndi nsapato.

Aquarium

Kukula kwa aquarium yokongoletsera nsomba zazinkhanira kuyenera kukhala osachepera 60 malita. Voliyumu yaying'ono imangopangitsa anthu ochita masewera olimbitsa thupi kuti awonetse mkwiyo komanso khalidweli. Kumbukirani kuti kukula ndikosavuta kumakhala kosavuta kuyikonza. Dothi lomwe limalowamo liyenera kukhala losachepera 6 cm, ndipo kapangidwe kake liyenera kukhala timiyala tating'ono. Mbedza zidzagwiritsidwa ntchito mokwanira pomanga nyumba zawo.

Ndikofunikanso kusamalira mbewu zomwe zikugwirizana. Ayenera kukhala ndi mizu. Apa mfundo yonse ndiyakuti khansa ya m'madzi imamanga mabowo pafupi ndi mizu ya mbewu, ndikukhulupirira kuti malowa ndiwopatula kwambiri.

Onetsetsani kuti mukusamalira pobisalira. Udindo uwu ukhoza kuseweredwa ndi nkhono zosiyanasiyana zokongoletsera, matako okumba kapena ma grotto.

Pamwamba pa aquarium, chivindikiro ndi mabowo olowa ndi mpweya chimayikidwa. Ngati ndi kotheka, zithandiza kupewa kuthawa kwa crustaceans.

Madzi ayenera kukhala oyera nthawi zonse, izi zimalepheretsa khansa zosiyanasiyana. Chifukwa chake, aquarium iyenera kukhala ndi fyuluta, makamaka yamkati. Popeza arthropod amakwera machubu kuchokera ku fyuluta yakunja.

Pafupifupi, munthu wamba ayenera kukhala ndi malita 20 a okwanira.

Magawo am'madzi pokonza mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nsomba za m'madzi za aquarium ndizosiyana pang'ono. Zofunikira zonse zimafotokozedwa bwino panthawi yogula. Kamodzi masabata angapo, gawo lamadzi liyenera kusinthidwa. Izi zimathandizira kukonza magawo ake komanso zimakomera kukula kwa khansa.

Mukamasunga nsomba zamtundu uliwonse, muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa kuuma kwa madzi. Ngati ndi yofewa kwambiri, izi zimatha kufewetsa kufewa kwa chipolopolo ndikufa kwa nsomba zazinkhanira.

Kanema: Khansa yosenda

Mukasungunuka, nsomba zazinkhanira zimakhala zotetezeka, chifukwa matupi awo ofewa samatetezanso chipolopolo. Chifukwa chake, pakadali pano akufunika kwambiri pobisalira. Mwa iwo, nthawi zambiri amakhala mosatekeseka mpaka chipolopolo chatsopano cholimba. Njira zokondweretsa zokha sizimapitilira masiku 10.

Mutha kuwerengera chiyambi cha kusungunuka kuchokera ku chikhalidwe cha nsomba zazinkhanira. Amakana kudyetsa, komanso amayambiranso kusuntha. Njira yochotsa carapace yakale palokha imakhala yopanda mphindi zochepa, koma mumatha kuiwona kawirikawiri, chifukwa zimachitika usiku.

Nthawi zina zimachitika kuti ikasungunuka, khansa pazifukwa zina zimataya chiwalo. Musakhumudwe chifukwa cha izi, pomwe zopanga za khansa zimayambiranso. Zowona, poyamba ndi zazing'ono, koma ndikazisungunula pambuyo pake, zimakula kukula kwawo koyambirira.

Kuswana

Mbedza zam'madzi mu aquarium zimatha kubereka bwino. Panyengo ya kuswana yokha amafunika chisamaliro choyenera ndi malo oyenera. Nthawi yakukhwima mu crustaceans imachitika kumapeto kwa molt. Pakadali pano, zazikazi zimayamba kubisala pheromones zapadera, zomwe zimakopa amuna.

Kusoka kwa nsomba zazinkhanira kumakhala kofanana ndi kuvina, komwe amakokana wina ndi ndevu. Imatha kukhala maola angapo. Zitatha izi, njirayi imabzalidwe pamalo osungira madzi, komwe imayikira mazira pafupifupi masiku 20.

Kuyika wamkazi ndikofunikira kuyambira pamenepo Panthawi imeneyi, amakhala wopanda nkhawa komanso wankhaza kwa aliyense pafupi. Poteteza ana, amayesetsa kupha aliyense womuzungulira.

Mazira otayidwa okhala ndi nthenga yolimba amamangiriridwa pansi pake pamimba. Wamkazi amayendayenda mozungulira ndi iwo. Akalulu ang'onoang'ono amakhala osamala komanso amanyazi, amagwiritsitsa thupi la amayi awo kwa nthawi yayitali.

Amayamba kudya okha akatha ult woyamba. Kusintha kwa chipolopolo chachiwiri, pamapeto pake amasiya amayi, pambuyo pake amapatulidwa kwa iwo.

Matenda

Nsomba zazinkhanira za Aquarium - monga zamoyo zilizonse zimatengedwa ndi matenda osiyanasiyana. Matenda ambiri ndi awa:

• Mliri ndi matenda oopsa opatsirana omwe amayambitsidwa ndi bowa wa pathogenic. Chizindikiro chachikulu ndikuwonekera kwa mawanga pa chigamba cha mtundu wakuda. Khalidwe la wodwala wodwala khansa limasinthanso kwambiri. Choyamba, amasintha moyo wake wausiku kukhala wamasana, kenako ndikuyamba kukhala woopsa komanso wowopsa, kenako nkufa. Palibe mankhwala ochiritsira matendawa. Ndipo monga njira yoteteza, zotsatira za khansa zomwe zapezeka kumene zimalimbikitsidwa.
• Matenda owoneka ngati dzimbiri. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timenenso ndi fungus ya pathogenic. Imadziwoneka ngati malo owoneka ndi dzimbiri pa chipolopolo. Kenako, m'malo mwake, nembanemba wa chitinous amayamba kufinya ndipo khansa imafa. Palibenso njira yochizira matendawa.
• Telochanis kapena matenda a porcelain. Matenda opatsirana a crustacean amadziwika ndi kuwonongeka kwa minofu pakamwa ndi pamimba. Chizindikiro chake chofunikira kwambiri ndi mimba ya mtundu woyera. Mukukula kwa matendawa, khansa imadwala ndipo imafa.

Sayansi ya Aquarium ndi sayansi yonse yokhala ndi malamulo ndi malamulo ake. Chifukwa chake, zomwe zili kunyumba zakunyumba ziyenera kufikiridwa moyenera momwe zingathere.Matenda a nsomba zazinkhanira zimatengera momwe mumawasamalirira. Ndi njira yoyenera, nsomba zazinkhanira zimakhala nanu zaka zoposa chaka chimodzi ndipo mwina zibereka ana ambiri.

Momwe mungadyetsere nsomba za aquarium

Nsomba zazinkhanira zamtundu wa Aquarium ndizosangalatsa kwambiri ndipo mndandanda wazomwe mungasankhe zingakhale zosiyanasiyana. Zitha kuphatikizapo kuphatikiza nyama ndi masamba. Mosiyana ndi anzawo am'madzi ozizira, nsomba zazinkhanira zamitundu ina zimakonda chakudya chamagulu ndipo simuyenera kuvutika makamaka ndi chakudya chanyama. Nsomba zazinkhanira zam'madzi zambiri zimadya chimodzimodzi ngati nsomba.

Mwachitsanzo, pamene ndidadyetsa nsomba ija ndi mtima wamafuta, nsomba zazinkhanira, nyama zomwe zidagwera pansi zimadyanso bwino. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mophweka: nyama yopendekera, magawo a nsomba zatsopano, magalamu am'madzi otentha, kapena chakudya chamagulu am'madzi, komanso chakudya chapadera cha nsomba zam'munsi, ndipo izi ndizokwanira kupitirira muzakudya zoyenera za aquarium crayfish.

Chofunikira chokha sikuti ndikukhomerera nsomba za m'madzi mu mzere wonse, koma ngati mukadali ndi kwinakwake, ndipo wina angakulangizeni kuti mugwiritse ntchito nsomba zazinkhanira ngati nsomba ku chakudya: chipolopolo, tizilombo, mphutsi, osalabadira kuti alangizi anu apite kukagwira ntchentche ndi maphemwe. kukumba mphutsi ndikupita ku dziwe la tadpoles.

Kuchokera ku zakudya zam'mera, funso limadzuka: kodi amafunika kuti abweretsedwe ku nsomba zazinkhanira m'madzi momwe zimamera? Nditasunga nsomba za nsomba za ku aquarium sindinapatseko iwo zakudya zamasamba osati chifukwa sizinatheke. Chowonadi ndi chakuti izi sizinali zofunikira pambuyo poti sizikhala mu nsomba zam'madzi momwe mumapezeka nsomba zazinkhanira ndipo panali mbewu zambiri.

Sindinazindikire kuti nsomba zazinkhanira zodulira masamba azomera zamadzimadzi, koma mizu ya nsomba zazinkhanira nthawi zina zimadya, koma sizinawumbire mwapadera, kupatula dera la mabowo awo komanso zochepa kwambiri popanda kuwonongeka kwa mbewu. Kuphatikiza apo, nchifukwa chiyani wina adaganiza kuti ngati mupatsa nsomba zazinkhanira ngati zakudya zam'mera: kandalama, kakombo wamadzi, rdest, algae, kaloti, nkhaka, zukini, sipinachi, parsley, ndiye kuti nsomba yankhanira imasiya mphukira zazing'ono zazomera zam'madzi? Koma kuyesa ndikuyesa kupereka nsomba zazing'ono zam'madzi zambiri zam'mera, mwadzidzidzi iwo amafunikira kena kake ndipo angafune.

Ndi nsomba zing'ono zingati zomwe zimakhala kunyumba

Pali zinthu zambiri zomwe zimapangitsa moyo wa crustaceans kukhala ndi moyo. Chofunikira kwambiri ndi kuyera kwamadzi. Nsomba zazinkhanira zimatha kukhala ndi moyo mpaka zaka 25. Madzi odetsedwa amasokoneza thupi ndipo amachepetsa moyo wa nyama mwachangu.

Akakhala kundende, nsomba zazinkhanira samakhala nthawi yayitali m'malo okhala zachilengedwe. Izi ndichifukwa cha madzi a hydrochemical. Zimakhala zovuta kuzinyamula. Pogwiritsa ntchito kutentha ndi kuuma molondola, nkhanu zimatha kukhala m'mathanki kwa zaka 2-5.

Mitundu yodziwika bwino

Nsomba zazinkhanira zam'madzi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri ngati ziweto. Pafupifupi mitundu zana ya ma arthropod amakhala okha. Aliyense wa iwo amafuna chisamaliro chapadera ndi kudyetsa. Mitundu ina ya nsomba zam'madzi zamtundu wa aquarium siwokongola kukula kwake ndipo imatha kusungidwa ndi ena okhala m'matanki. Ganizirani za oimira otchuka a arthropods:

Khansa ya Florida California ili ndi mawonekedwe achilendo - mtundu wofiyira wowoneka bwino wa thupi. Imasinthika bwino pamagulu osiyanasiyana okhala, osasamala mu chisamaliro ndi zakudya. Kutalika kwa thupi kumasiyana pakati pa masentimita 13 mpaka 13. Malo osungirako zinyalala akuyenera kuphimbidwa, chifukwa nthumwi zamtunduwu zimatha kuthawa mu thankiyo.

Khansa yocheperako ku Louisiana imakhala m'mitsinje ndi nyanja ku Texas, USA. Kutalika kwa thupi ndi masentimita atatu. Anthuwa ndi ofanana kukula ndi nsomba zazing'ono zazitali. Mbali yodziwika kwa iye ndi kukhalapo kwa malo amdima pa chipolopolo. Kumbuyo kumakulungidwa ndi timadontho tating'ono takuda. Chifukwa cha kutalika kwa thupi lake, limagwirizana ndi nsomba ndipo sizowopsa. Monga chakudya, imagwiritsa ntchito mbali zakufa za algae, zidutswa za nsomba zakufa. Zaka zambiri zomwe moyo wamtunduwu umakhala ndi zaka ziwiri. Kuti mukhale ndi moyo wabwino, mumafunikira malo okhala.

Khansa ya Blue Florida imachokera ku opanga. Kuthengo, imakhala ndi mtundu wa bulauni. Mchira wake ndi wopepuka pang'ono kuposa mutu. Mtunduwu umatha kukula mpaka 10 cm. Amakhala ku Florida. M'malo achilengedwe amakonda madzi otaika. Malo ambiri okhala ndi malo okhala ayenera kukhazikitsidwa m'matanki, popeza mtunduwu ndiwankhanza. Amuna samasiyanitsa gawo lawo ndi munthu wina. Nkhondo imakonda kumenyedwa pakati pa maphwando, pomwe ma arthropod amavulaza wina ndi mzake. Sikoyenera kuzisunga pamodzi ndi nsomba, monga asodzi a nsomba zazinkhanira usiku. Monga chakudya gwiritsani ntchito nsomba, nkhono, chakudya chapadera pamapiritsi.

Khansa ya Marble ili ndi dzina lake chifukwa cha mtundu wake wachilendo. Amakhala m'madzi atsopano. Kukula kwa nsomba zazinkhanira kupitilira 15 cm. Thupi lopakidwa utoto, wakuda kapena bulauni. Chochulukacho ndi mawonekedwe kumbuyo kwake, omwe amakhala ngati mabala pamwala. Amawonetsedwa bwino mwa akulu. Pobadwa, imatsala pang'ono kuzimiririka. Monga abale ake amakhala moyo wachisangalalo. Kuti muchite bwino, zakudya za mapuloteni ziyenera kuphatikizidwa muzakudya kangapo pamwezi. M'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito masamba, kaloti achabe, magawo a zukini ngati chakudya.

Khansa ya lalanje yaku Mexico imakhala m'mitsinje ndi nyanja. M'malo ochita kupanga, mkazi ndi wamkulu kuposa wamwamuna kukula. Ndiwosazindikira malo omwe amasungidwa ndipo akumva bwino muyezo wa hydrochemical chizindikiro cha madzi. Ndikofunikira kubereka ma arthropods awa m'mizinda yayikulu mizu. Amakonda kukhala ndi malo okhala. Zaka zomwe munthu amakhala ndi moyo amakhala pafupifupi zaka ziwiri. Imadyera paminda, magawo a masamba.

Nsomba zazinkhanira mu aquarium zimafuna kutsatira zina pokonza. Zofunikira zazikulu ndikupezeka kwa tanki lalikulu. Amakhala pansi, dothi, driftwood, miyala ndiyofunikira. Pazakudya zanu za tsiku ndi tsiku mumakhala chakudya chama protein ambiri. Zomera sizimadyedwa kawirikawiri, pokhapokha pakadyetsa nyama. Amasonkhanitsa chakudya cham'madzi, mabuloni akufa ndi nsomba kuchokera pansi. Ngati muli ndi aquarium yayikulu, khalani limodzi ndi okhalamo.

Mbedza zokhala ngati zokhala ndi zokhala ngati zokhala ku Australia zimakhala m'madzi abwino. Momwe moyo ungathere mpaka 20 cm. Chofunikira kwambiri ndikupezeka kwa chingwe chofiyira pazovala. Kwawo ndi nyanja ya ku Australia. Pali zakudya zonse zomanga thupi komanso zomanga thupi. Thupi lopakidwa utoto wonyezimira. Amakonda madzi ofunda, amakula msanga ndi zakudya zabwino.

Khansa ya Blue Cuban ili ndi mtundu wachilendo. Mtundu umatengera malo ndipo umatha kukhala wopepuka wabuluu kapena wa bulauni. Kutalika kwa thupi ndi masentimita 12 mpaka 15. Imakhala m'malo osaya kwambiri a Cuba. Ndi kudya kwabwino, munthu samatsutsana ndi nsomba ndi anthu ena okhala m'madzimo. Nthawi yayitali yokhala ndi moyo ndi zaka 2-3.

Nsomba zazinkhanira zoyera zimakhala mu mitsinje ya Western Europe. Kutalika kwa thupi kumasiyana kuyambira masentimita 10 mpaka 12. Amuna ali ndi mtundu wowala. Imakhala ndi mitundu yoyera, yofiira, ya lalanje. Amadyetsa zakudya zamasamba, koma osataya nyongolotsi zamagazi ndi zidutswa za mtima wa ng'ombe. Amakonda madzi pang'ono amchere owonjezera kuwuma.

Kudya nsomba zazinkhanira

Mwachilengedwe, nsomba zazinkhanira zimadyanso zakudya zam'mera. Kodi kudyetsa khansa? Mu aquarium, mumapezeka ndowa, mapiritsi, chimanga ndi chakudya chapadera cha crayfish ndi shrimp zimadyedwa. Ndikofunikanso kugula chakudya cha makhansa omwe ali ndi calcium yambiri.

Zakudya zoterezi zimawathandiza kuti abwezeretsenso chivundikiro chawo chitasungunuka. Kuphatikiza apo, amafunika kudyetsedwa masamba - sipinachi, zukini, nkhaka. Ngati muli ndi aquarium wokhala ndi mbewu, ndiye kuti mutha kuperekanso mbewu zowonjezera.

Kuphatikiza pa masamba, amadya zakudya zama protein, koma sayenera kupatsidwanso kamodzi pa sabata. Itha kukhala chidutswa cha nsomba kapena chidutswa, chakudya chouma. Othandizira m'madzi amakhulupirira kuti kudyetsa khansa ndi mapuloteni odyetsa kumawonjezera kukwiya kwawo.

Muyenera kudyetsa nsomba zazinkhanira mu aquarium kamodzi patsiku, koma ngati tikulankhula zamasamba, chidutswa cha nkhaka, mwachitsanzo, mutha kuchisiya kwa nthawi yonse mpaka nsomba zamkhanu zizidya.

Kugwirizana kwa nsomba zazinkhanira

Ndikosavuta kukhala ndi nsomba zazinkhanira ndi nsomba. Pali nthawi zambiri akakhala bwino m'matanthwe wamba, koma makamaka ndikawedza nsomba kapena nsomba zazinkhanira. Nsomba zazinkhanira nthawi zambiri zimagwira ndikudya nsomba zazikulu kwambiri komanso zamtengo wapatali usiku.

Kapena, ngati nsomba ndi yayikulu mokwanira, imawononga khansa yosungunuka. Mwachidule, khansa zomwe zimakhala m'madzimo ndi nsomba posachedwa zimatha moyipa. Makamaka ngati mukusunga ndi nsomba zochedwa kapena nsomba zomwe zimakhala pafupi pansi.

Koma, ngakhale nsomba yofulumira ngati guppy, yowoneka ngati yopumula, yokhala ndi lakuthwa poyenda, ili ndi kuluma pakati, monga momwe ndinalili ndikuona.

Cherax owononga khansa amasamukira ku Australia

Nsomba zazinkhanira mu aquarium okhala ndi ma cichlids, makamaka zazikulu, sizikhala motalika. Choyambirira, mtundu wamtundu wanyanga wamphaka umathetsa khansa yokhwima kwathunthu (pali kanemayo mu cholembedwacho ndi cholumikizacho), ndipo chachiwiri, ma cichlids ang'onoang'ono amathanso kuwapha iwo atasungunuka.

Khansa ndi shrimp, monga momwe mungaganizire, sizikugwirizana. Ngakhale adyane wina ndi mzake, ndiye kuti kudya shrimp sikuli vuto kwa iye.

Mbedza zam'madzi zidzakumba, kuponda, kapena kudya mbewu zanu. Si mitundu yonse yomwe imawononga, koma yambiri. Kusunga nsomba zazinkhanira m'madzi ndi chintchito ndi ntchito chabe. ZOKHUDZA

kapena kudula ndi kudya pafupifupi mtundu uliwonse. Chokhacho chomwe chingakhale khansa yam'madzi ku Mexico, ndi chamtendere, chaching'ono ndipo sichigwira mbewu.

Ndi anthu ena

Ma Arthropod nthawi zambiri amakangana osati ndi nsomba zokha, komanso ndi ena okhala m'madzimo.

Kuzisunga ndi shrimp - osapindula, monga nsomba zazinkhanira zimawadya.

Amakumba zitsamba zina zam'madzi ndipo ndimakonda kukumba mink pansi pa mizu ya algae. Komanso muzigwiritsa ntchito chakudya.

Kodi ndizotheka kusunga nsomba zazinkhanira m'madzi?

Ndizotheka, koma sikhala kwanthawi yayitali ndipo ndizosatheka kukhala nawo ndi nsomba ndi zomela. Nsomba zathu zazinkhanira ndizambiri komanso zodukiza, zimagwira ndikudya nsomba, zomerazo.

Sakhala moyo wautali, chifukwa mtunduwu ndi wamadzi ozizira, timakhala ndi madzi ofunda m'chilimwe, ndipo ngakhale pamenepo, pansi kumazizira kwambiri. Ndipo aquarium ndiwotentha kuposa momwe amafunira. Ngati mukufuna kukhala nacho, yesani. Koma, pokhapokha pozungulira m'madzi.

Khansa ya Florida (California) (Procambarus clarkii)

Mbedza zazinkhanira za ku Florida ndi imodzi mwazodziwika kwambiri za nkhanu zomwe zimapezeka m'madzi. Amakhala otchuka ndi mtundu wawo, wofiyira wowala komanso wosadzikuza. Kunyumba, ndizofala kwambiri ndipo zimawonedwa ngati zachilengedwe zowononga.

Monga lamulo, amakhala zaka pafupifupi ziwiri kapena zitatu, kapena motalikirapo komanso kusinthasintha zochitika zosiyanasiyana. Amakwanitsa kutalika kwa masentimita 12 mpaka 15. Monga ma khansa ambiri, Florida kuthawa masters ndi aquarium iyenera kuphimbidwa bwino.

Mbedza za nsomba za Marble (nkhanu za mtundu wankhanu / Procambarus sp.)

Chodabwitsa ndichakuti anthu onse ndi achikazi ndipo amatha kubereka popanda mnzake. Mbedza zamkaka zam'madzi zimakula mpaka 15 cm, ndipo za mawonekedwe azomwe zimakhala ndi nkhanu zam'madzi, mutha kuwerengera ulalo.

Pulogalamu yowononga ili ndi mtundu wokongola, wabuluu, womwe umapangitsa kuti ukhale wotchuka kwambiri. Mwachilengedwe, imakhala pafupifupi zaka 4-5, koma mu aquarium imatha kukhala nthawi yayitali, pomwe imatha kufikira 20 cm kutalika.

Wowonongera amakhala ku Australia, ndipo yabby amatchedwa aborigine. Dzina lachiwonetsero cha asayansi - limamasuliridwa ngati wowononga, ngakhale sizowona, popeza apulo samakhala wankhanza poyerekeza ndi mitundu ina ya khansa. Amakhala zachilengedwe m'madzi amatope okhala ndi matope opanda madzi komanso madzi ambiri.

Iyenera kusungidwa pamtunda wa 20 mpaka 26 C. Imalekerera kusinthasintha kwakukulu, koma pamtunda wotsika ndi 20 ° C imaleka kukula, ndipo kutentha pamwamba pa 26 ° C kumatha kufa.

Kuti alipire ndalama za kutayika kwa ana, mkaziyo amasesa ku Zaraz kuchokera 500 mpaka 1000 crustaceans.

Khansa ya Blue Florida (Procambarus alleni)

Mwachilengedwe, mtunduwu ndi wamba, bulauni. Mdima pang'ono pa cephalothorax ndikuwala pang'ono mchira. Khansa yabuluu idagunda dziko lonse lapansi, koma utoto wotere umapezeka. Monga momwe dzinalo limanenera, khansa ya buluu imakhala ku Florida, ndipo imakula pafupifupi 8-10 cm.

Procambarus alleni amakhala m'madzi amadziwe ku Florida ndikumakumba timitsinje ting'onoting'ono pakukota kwamadzi. Kuchuluka kwa ana achinyamata komwe mayi amabweretsa kumadalira kukula kwake komanso kuyambira 100 mpaka 150, koma zazikazi zazikulu zimatha kuyandikira achinyamata 300. Masabata ochepa oyambilira, amakula mwachangu ndipo ana amataya masiku angapo.

Louisiana Dwarf Cancer (Cambarellus shufeldtii)

Ichi ndi khansa yofiirira yofiirira kapena ya imvi yokhala ndi mikwingwirima yakuda yopyapyala. Zovala zake ndizochepa, zazitali komanso zosalala. Chiyembekezo cha moyo ndi cha miyezi 15-18, ndipo amuna amakhala nthawi yayitali, koma amakhala okhwima mwakugonana kuposa akazi. Ili ndi khansa yaying'ono yomwe imakula mpaka 3-4 cm.

Chifukwa cha kukula kwake, ndi imodzi mwamkhola kwambiri zamtambo zomwe zimatha kusungidwa ndi nsomba zosiyanasiyana.

Mukukhala khansa ya Louisiana ku USA, kumwera kwa Texas, Alabama, Louisiana. Akazi amakhala mpaka chaka, pomwe amaziikira mazira kawiri, ndikumavala pafupifupi milungu itatu. Caviar yaying'ono, kuchokera 30 mpaka 40 zidutswa.

Khansa yofiyira yofiyira ya ku Australia (Red-toed) (Cherax quadricarinatus)

Mbedza zokhwima zitha kuzindikirika mosavuta ndi zofalikira zokhala ngati zonunkha pazovala zazimuna, komanso ndi mikwingwirima yofiyira yowala m'manja. Utoto umachokera ku mtundu wobiriwira mpaka kumaso, ndipo wachikaso pamaso.

Mbawala zansomba zofiirira zokhala ku Australia, m'mitsinje ya kumpoto kwa Queensland, pomwe zimasungidwa ndi zigoba ndi miyala, kubisala kwa adani. Amadyera makamaka ku detritus komanso nyama zazing'ono zam'madzi, zomwe zimasonkhanitsa pansi pa mitsinje ndi nyanja. Imakula mpaka 20 cm.

Yaikazi imabala zipatso kwambiri ndipo imayikira mazira 500 mpaka 1500, omwe ali ndi masiku pafupifupi 45.

Blue Cuban Cancer (Procambarus cubensis)

Amakhala ku Cuba kokha. Kuphatikiza pa utoto wokongola, ndizosangalatsanso chifukwa chimakula kutalika kwa 10cm basi ndipo chimatha kusungidwa m'malo ochezera. Kuphatikiza apo, ndizosasamala ndipo zimalekerera mikhalidwe yosiyana malinga ndi okhutira.

Zowona, ngakhale ali ndi khansa yaying'ono ya ku aquarium ya ku Cuba, imakhala yankhanza kwambiri ndipo imadya zomera za m'madzi.

Mitundu ya nsomba zazinkhanira

Pali mitundu yambiri ya nsomba zazinkhanira ndipo ndiosatheka kuzifotokoza, koma ngati mungaganize zokhala ndi nsomba zazinkhanira, ndiye kuti muyenera kusankha kaye momwe mumazisungira ndi nsomba zomwe mumazisunga pamodzi ndi nsomba kapena ina? Pakusunga nsomba zazinkhanira limodzi ndi nsomba, nsomba zazing'ono zam'madzi ndizoyenera kwambiri. Mitundu ya nsomba zazing'ono zamtunduwu, mosiyana ndi zina zazikulu, sizimatha kudya nsomba zam'madzi ndipo sizimenya nsomba, ndipo nthawi zina nsomba zazing'ono zam'madzi zimayenera kupulumutsidwa kuchokera ku nsomba zazikulu ndipo, ngati zingatheke, zisakhale ndi nsomba imodzi yamadzi.

Mbawala zazinkhanira zamkati zimatchedwa banja la a Cambarellus. Amapezeka ku United States kudutsa mtsinje wa Mississippi komanso ku Mexico. Oyimira ang'ono kwambiri a gululi amakula mpaka 3cm, kutalika kwambiri mpaka 4,5. crawfish yoyera imakhala bwino ndi anthu am'madzi, popanda kusokoneza moyo wozungulira. Mbedza zamtundu uliwonse zimatsika kuti zizisungidwa m'malo ena am'madzi, koma pokhapokha ngati mtundu wa mtundu uliwonse uli wolondola.

Khansa yochepa kwambiri (Cambarellus puer). Kwawoko - Mexico ndi magombe a Mtsinje wa Mississippi ku United States. Zokhudza banja la a Cambarellus, zomwe zimaphatikizapo genera zingapo. Tsitsi lofiirira kukhala imvi, ndi mizere yakuda, mikwingwirima yakuda kapena chingwe cholumikizidwa. Mchira nthawi zambiri umakhala ndi malo amdima pakati. Nkhupakupa ndizochepa komanso ndizitali. Khalani bwino ndi nsomba zazing'ono zokonda mtendere.

Khansa yaikazi yazisamba imakula mpaka kutalika kwa masentimita 3-4, ndi amuna 2-2,5 cm. Zopezeka: Kutentha 15-27 ° C, dH 5-10 °, pH 6.5-7.8. Amakonda kukumba dothi. Dothi - miyala yamchenga kapena yaying'ono yamtsinje. Chiwerengero chachikulu cha malo okhala ndizofunikira - snags, miyala, zipolopolo, miphika yopanda kanthu, etc. Aquarium ya malita 60 kwa khansa zisanu kapena zisanu ndi chimodzi.Pamudzi ndi predominance la akazi kumene osachepera 2-3 akazi ayenera kugwera pa mwamuna wina. Chiyembekezo chokhala zaka 2.

Kumiza khansa lalanje (Cambarellus patzcuarensis). A mtundu chidwi kwambiri Aquarium nsomba zazinkhanira. Mwachilengedwe, amakhala m'mitsinje ndi m'madzi okhala ndi madzi abwino, omwe ali ku Mexico. Mu malo achilengedwe, malire wamkazi 6 masentimita m'litali, ndi wamwamuna masentimita 4-4.5 zinthu mulingo woyenera m'ndende: pH 7,0 - 8.5, dGH 10-20, madzi kutentha 18 - 26 ° C. Aquarium pa 60 L. . Nthaka ikhoza kukhala iliyonse. Ndi zofunika kuti ambiri m'misasa ndi kusefera wabwino ndi aeration. N'zogwirizana ndi nsomba zonse si wankhanza. Amafika pa msinkhu wazaka 3.5 - 4 miyezi. akazi Young kubweretsa 10 - 15 zidutswa, zambiri okhwima - mpaka makumi asanu. Moyo amayembekezeka zaka 1.5-2.

Louisiana Dwarf Cancer (Cambarellus shufeldtii). Chimakula mpaka masentimita 3 m'litali. Mukukhala khansa ya Louisiana ku USA, kumwera kwa Texas, Alabama, Louisiana. Akadakwanitsira zinthu containment: Aquarium ku malita 60. Kutentha kwamadzi 20-25 ° C, dH 5-10 °, pH 6.5-7. Aquarium ku malita 60. Nthaka akhoza kukhala aliyense. Ndikofunikira kukhala ndi malo ambiri okhala ndi malo osungirako nyama komanso kusanja bwino. amayembekezeka moyo zaka 2.

Mexico kumiza Cancer (Cambarellus montezumae). Mtunduwu umakhala m'madzi a nyanja ya Mexico Patzcuaro. zinthu mulingo woyenera m'ndende: Aquarium ku malita 70 Madzi kutentha 15-30 ° С, dGH 8, pH 6.4-8.2.. Makulidwe:. Mpaka masentimita 6 Izi nsomba zazinkhanira satero zofunkha zomera ndi chikondi m'misasa. Mutha kuphatikizana ndi mitundu ina monga Cambarellus patzcuarensis. Moyo amayembekezeka ndi za miyezi 18.

Blue Cuba Cancer (Procambarus cubensis). Kutalika kwa khansa ya Cuba kumafika masentimita 10. Amuna ndi zikhadabu zazikulu, ndipo awiriawiri 2 miyendo kusambira lidzasinthidwa gonopodia - ndi maliseche kunja. Akazi mulibe woyamba miyendo kusambira, kapena iwo ali ang'onoang'ono kwambiri mu kukula kuposa amuna. Aquarium kuchokera 100 malita. Monga gawo lapansi, mchenga, miyala tchipisi kapena nsangalabwi ntchito. Kutentha madzi 20-26 ° madigiri, pH 7-8 ndi DH 10-20 °. Kutalika kwa moyo wa nsomba zazinkhanira za ku Cuba zimafika zaka zitatu.

Red Florida dambo Cancer (Procambarus clarkii). Iwo amakhala malo a kum'mwera North America. Kutalika kwa khansa yofiira ku Florida kumafika masentimita 10 - 13. zinthu mulingo woyenera kwambiri yokonza: madzi kutentha 23-28 ° С, sing'anga kuuma 10-15 dGH, pH 7.2-7.5, kusefera, aeration ndi mlungu kusintha madzi 20% ya Aquarium buku komanso zifunika. Pakuti 6-10 khansa wamng'ono, mphamvu ya malita 150-200 chofunika. Ndikofunikira kukhala ndi malo ambiri okhala ndi miyala, snags, ceramics, ndi zina zambiri, ndikusowa malo okhala mumakhala okonda kwambiri ndipo nthawi zambiri amakangana. Red Florida nsomba zazinkhanira kwambiri amakonda kukumba pansi. Avereji ya moyo amayembekezeka zaka 3.

White Florida Cancer (Procambarus Clarkii). US malo. Kumakhala moyo wa tsiku ndi tsiku. Wamtendere, amatha kumakhala ndi nsomba ndi shrimp. Chimakula cm 12 momwe akadakwanitsira m'ndende. Madzi kutentha 22-27 ° C, pH 6-7. Khalani makamaka m'chere zokhala m'malo owetera ndi dera pansi 100 masentimita × 40 cm. Sand si zofunika monga dothi ndi. Mu aquarium, yokonzera anthu angapo, malo oyambira ndi malo othawirako ayenera kukhala okwanira. mitundu zam'tchire makamaka ofiira, kuswana mitundu akhoza kukhala woyera, buluu, mtundu lalanje. Moyo amayembekezeka ndi zaka 5.